81. Deliberate Release Of Botulism : The Department Of Health - P&G: Emergency Plann Aídesmemoires to assist Directors of Public Health and Consultants in Communicable Disease Control in the event of botulism release, forms for documenting http://www.dh.gov.uk/PolicyAndGuidance/EmergencyPlanning/DeliberateRelease/Delib

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82. Botulism Fact Sheet Provides information to persons who may have been exposed to botulism. http://edcp.org/html/botulism.html

EDCP Mission/Vision General Information on Bioterrorism Bioterrorism Information for Health Care Providers Fact Sheets ... ImmuNet Information for Persons Who May Have Been Exposed to Botulism (Clostridium botulinum toxin) What is Botulism? Botulism is a paralyzing illness caused by a nerve toxin, produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum Botulism usually occurs in three forms: Wound (skin) botulism is a rare disease occurring when C. botulinum spores contaminate a wound and produce toxin Intestinal botulism is most commonly seen in infants and results from intestinal colonization with C. botulinum spores Foodborne botulism is caused by the ingestion of botulinum toxin in contaminated food A person can be exposed by breathing in the toxin if it is intentionally released into the air. This does not occur naturally. How likely is it that I have actually been exposed to botulinum toxin?

83. Type E Botulism In Lakes Erie And Ontario - Q & A Can I go swimming in water where wildlife affected by botulism have been found? • You re not at risk for botulism by swimming in Lake Erie or Lake Ontario http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/dfwmr/faqbotu.html

More information from this division: Fish, Wildlife and Marine Resources Fish, Wildlife and Marine Index What is Type E botulism? What are symptoms that an animal might have botulism? Can I get Type E botulism? Can I go swimming in water where wildlife affected by botulism have been found? Can I still take my dog to the beach? Will DEC come and pick up sick or dead animals from my beach? Can I remove dead fish, birds or other animals from my beach? Can I fish and hunt on Lake Erie and Lake Ontario? How should I prepare HEALTHY fish or game that I harvest? http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/environ/fish.htm For More Information Additional information about botulism can be found at website. Questions about Fish and Wildlife, Contact: New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Allegany: (716) 372-0645 Buffalo: (716) 851-7010 Avon: (585) 226-2466 Syracuse: (315) 426-7400 Cortland: (607) 753-3095 Watertown: (315) 785-2261 Cape Vincent: (315) 654-2147 Other Links of Interest New York State Department of Health Sea Grant Back to top of page

84. Botulism Back to Infectious Diseases or Bioterror Introduction. botulism. Agent botulism is caused by the neurotoxin produced by the bacillus Clostridium botulinum, http://www3.baylor.edu/~Charles_Kemp/botulism.htm

Back to Infectious Diseases or Bioterror Introduction B OTULISM Agent: Botulism is caused by the neurotoxin produced by the bacillus Clostridium botulinum , a spore-forming obligate anaerobe widely found in soil; and by other Clostridium sp Botulinum toxin is the most lethal known natural poison. There are seven different botulinum toxins, designated A-G. Significantly, botulinum antitoxins are specific to type, i.e., type A anti-toxin does not neutralize type B, and so on (see treatment below). As a naturally occurring disease, botulism appears as a severe food poisoning resulting from ingesting the neurotoxin, wound infection with the toxin, and intestinal (formerly "infant botulism"). Botulism as a BW weapon is discussed below (Arnon, Schecter, Inglesby, Henderson, Bartlett, Ascher, Eitzen, Fine, Hauer, Layton, Lillibridge, Osterholm, O'Toole, Parker, Perl, Russell, Swerdlow, & Tonat, 2001; Chin, 2000; Schecter & Arnon, 2000). Routes of Infection: As a bioterror weapon, botulism can be dispersed in aerosol form or dispensed in food. The aerosol (inhalation) form would create more casualties, but the food method would also be disruptive as patients with botulism require lengthy critical care/ventilator support. Indeed, even a single case of botulism, especially if there is no obvious source, raises the possibility of deliberate use. By two days post attack, aerosolized

85. Botulism botulism in the United States a clinical epidemiologic review. botulism The present status of the disease. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 1995; 1955575 http://www.5mcc.com/Assets/SUMMARY/TP0128.html

Botulism DESCRIPTION: An intoxication producing paralytic disease caused by neurotoxins of Clostridium botulism and is the most toxic substances known to science. The toxin prevents acetylcholine release at presynaptic membranes, blocking neuromuscular transmission in cholinergic nerve fibers. Four forms exist: Foodborne botulism Infantile botulism Wound botulism Classification undetermined System(s) affected: Endocrine/Metabolic, Gastrointestinal, Nervous Genetics: N/A Incidence/Prevalence in USA: Rare 0.34/100,000 with 75% the infantile form Foodborne - 24 cases/year Infantile - 71 cases/year Wound botulism - less than 100 cases in literature Indeterminate - very rare but incidence unknown Predominant age: Foodborne - all ages Infantile - 2 to 4 months (rare after 6 months) Wound - usually younger adult Undetermined - older than one year Predominant sex: Foodborne, infantile and undetermined - Male=Female CAUSES: Ingestions of C. botulinum neurotoxins (A, B, and E most common) Foodborne usually from home-canned vegetables, prepared foods or foods incubated in anaerobic conditions Infantile from ingestion of spores in environment or occasionally in honey Wound due to contamination with toxin-producing C. botulinum

86. NOVA Online | Bioterror | Botulism botulism C. botulinum produces the potent nerve toxin that causes botulism. botulism incubation period symptoms how it would spread treatment http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/bioterror/agen_botulism.html

C. botulinum produces the potent nerve toxin that causes botulism. Agents of Bioterror Botulism incubation period symptoms how it would spread treatment ... vaccine Botulinum toxin is the most poisonous substance known. It is derived from bacteria called Clostridium botulinum. A number of countries have developed or are developing the toxin as a bioweapon. Experts consider it a major threat because of its lethality and relative ease of production. However, the well-financed Japanese cult Aum Shinrikyo tried to spray aerosols of the toxin at least three times without success. Botulism is the disease triggered when the toxin gets absorbed through the gut, lungs, or an open wound. It does not penetrate skin. The toxin affects neurotransmitters, causing permanent nerve damage, paralysis, and when untreated, respiratory failure and death. Natural cases of botulism are rare and typically result from contamination of home-canned foods. Incubation period before symptoms Generally 12-72 hours Symptoms nausea and vomiting (occurs in natural cases when bacteria are ingested; may not appear if purified toxin is spread on food) difficulty speaking, seeing, and/or swallowing

87. PRODIGY Guidance - Botulism - Deliberate Release Foodborne botulism is rare in the UK, but more common in the rest of Europe where the In the event of a suspected deliberate release of botulism, http://www.prodigy.nhs.uk/guidance.asp?gt=Botulism - deliberate release

88. Botulism (food-borne Botulism And Infant Botulism) botulism is a food poisoning caused by a toxin produced by the bacteria, Foodborne botulism is due to ingestion of a toxin formed in food. http://mdchoice.com/pt/ptinfo/botulism.asp

Advertisement Sign up for a FREE disease newsletter: Select Disease Allergies Arthritis Cholesterol Depression Diabetes Hypertension Medical Information Arthritis Center Allergy Center Kid's Health Cancer Center ... Health News From our Sponsors Interactive Education Simulators PhotoRounds Medical Databases MEDLINE CancerLit AIDSLine Healthcare Employment About Us Editorial Board Our Company Contact Us We subscribe to the HONcode principles of the Health On the Net Foundation Spell Checker Search the Web's best medical sites Searches over 6,000 Medical Journals Health Information Thursday, September 08, 2005 Find more information about this topic from either the Web or the world's best medical journals by using the search boxes at the top of this page. Botulism (food-borne botulism and infant botulism) What is botulism? Botulism is a food poisoning caused by a toxin produced by the bacteria, Clostridium botulinum. Only a few cases are reported in New York State each year. Who gets botulism?

89. Honey And Infant Botulism This may lead to botulism in children younger than one year. Many infants who develop infant botulism have been fed honey, the only identified food source http://www.nutriwatch.org/06FST/honey.html

Fact Sheet on From Health Canada: Honey and Infant Botulism June 14, 1999 What is infant botulism? Infant botulism is a neuroparalytic disease which affects otherwise healthy children less than one year old. It was first recognized in 1976. Early symptoms of infant botulism are constipation, generalized weakness and a weak cry. While most cases require hospitalization, fatal cases are rare. What causes the illness? Infant botulism is caused by the food poisoning bacterium Clostridium botulinum . This is the same bacterium that causes the food poisoning known as "botulism". Spores of these bacteria are ingested by the infant, grow and produce a neurotoxin (i.e. poison) in the infant's intestine. Spores of C. botulinum may be easily ingested as they are common in soil and dust. This may lead to botulism in children younger than one year. Many infants who develop infant botulism have been fed honey, the only identified food source of C. botulinum spores causing infant botulism. Three of the sixteen infant botulism cases (as of June 1999) reported in Canada since 1979 have been associated with honey. What are the symptoms?

90. Notifiable Condition: Botulism Notifiable Conditions Index page for botulism. DOH receives 0 to 2 reports of foodborne botulism per year, 0 to 2 reports of wound botulism per year, http://www.doh.wa.gov/Notify/nc/botulism.htm

You are here: DOH Home Notifiable Conditions » Botulism Index Search Employees Site Directory: Notifiable Conditions: Botulism Other links concerning Notifiable Conditions Local Health Jurisdictions How to Report a Notifiable Condition Reporting Forms Glossary ... EpiTrends Posters (PDF, 645KB) (PDF, 529KB) (PDF, 314KB) (PDF, 117KB) (PDF, 129KB) Associated Programs Communicable Disease Epidemiology WEDSS (Washington Electronic Disease Surveillance System) PDF documents require the free Acrobat Reader. Click here to download a copy Botulism Botulism in Washington State DOH receives to 2 reports of foodborne botulism per year, to 2 reports of wound botulism per year, and to 4 reports of infant botulism per year. The last death in Washington associated with botulism occurred in 1983. Recent foodborne botulism cases in Washington were associated with improperly home-canned asparagus, beets, corn, carrots, spinach, and salsa. Wound botulism is most frequently associated with injection drug use, particularly black tar heroin.

91. What You Should Know About Botulism What you should know about botulism WA State Dept. of Health. http://www.doh.wa.gov/phepr/handbook/botulism.htm

You are here: DOH Home Emergency preparedness Anthrax Search Employees Site Directory: Newsroom About DOH DOH Web (A-Z) Alternative File Format Information Emergency Preparedness General Information Local Health Agencies and Healthcare Providers This file is available for print or distribution in PDF (120K). PDF files require a free reader. Download a reader . This document was produced in cooperation with the Emergency Management Division of the Washington State Military Department. Botulism What is botulism? Botulism is a rare, muscle-paralyzing disease caused by a toxin made by Clostridium botulinum (C. botulinum), a bacteria found naturally in the soil. There are three main types of botulism: foodborne, infant, and wound. Botulism toxin could be used as a biological weapon because it can be breathed in or swallowed. How is botulism spread? What are the symptoms? You can get botulism from eating contaminated food or when a wound is contaminated by the bacteria. The disease is NOT spread from person to person. The symptoms of botulism appear within a few hours to several days after exposure to the toxin, depending on how much toxin a person has been exposed to. Regardless of how the toxin enters the body, the results are the same. As the disease progresses, symptoms may include double or blurred vision, drooping eyelids, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, dry mouth, and muscle weakness (starts with shoulders and descends through body). Finally, breathing muscles may be paralyzed causing death unless mechanical breathing assistance is available.

92. Infant Botulism - April 1, 2002 - American Family Physician Although the worldwide incidence of infant botulism is rare, the majority of An infant can acquire botulism by ingesting Clostridium botulinum spores, http://www.aafp.org/afp/20020401/1388.html

Advanced Search AAFP Home Page Journals Vol. 65/No. 7 (April 1, 2002) Infant Botulism NADINE COX, M.D., and RANDY HINKLE, D.O., Mount Carmel Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio Although the worldwide incidence of infant botulism is rare, the majority of cases are diagnosed in the United States. An infant can acquire botulism by ingesting Clostridium botulinum A PDF version of this document is available. Download PDF now (5 pages / 73 KB). More information on using PDF files. I nfant botulism is caused by a neurotoxin produced by the spore-forming, anaerobic, gram-positive bacilli Clostridium botulinum, which is found globally in soil. Ingestion of spores leads to toxin synthesis and absorption from the infant's intestinal tract. Infant botulism is caused by toxin types A and B. The ensuing neuroparalytic disease presents in a subacute manner, initially causing constipation followed by progressive weakness. Physician awareness of infant botulism is paramount to early recognition and intervention, because more than 70 percent of these infants will eventually require mechanical ventilation. Soil and honey contamination are the two recognized sources of Clostridium botulinum spores.

93. A Healthy Fear Of Botulism A Healthy Fear of botulism. A long time ago, a bunch of atoms combined. Then, a bunch of scientific stuff happened .and here I am! http://fearbotulism.blogspot.com/

@import url("http://www.blogger.com/css/blog_controls.css"); @import url("http://www.blogger.com/dyn-css/authorization.css?blogID=7133703"); @import url(http://www.blogger.com/css/navbar/main.css); @import url(http://www.blogger.com/css/navbar/3.css); BlogThis! A Healthy Fear of Botulism A long time ago, a bunch of atoms combined. Then, a bunch of scientific stuff happened....and here I am! April 14, 2005 Monkey Quote Of The Day I think monkey pimps would go a long way towards validating evolution, don't you? Yours truly, while discussing monkey sexual behavior with Dr. Wheaton of the Institute. Upon further contemplation, we decided that the most likely candidates would have to be orangutans, because they wear a lot of orange fur, and seem much more likely to beat other primates with a folded-up coat hanger. posted at 6:40 PM Dead Letters (4) April 12, 2005 Ooooh....Look At Me!!!! In yet another bit of shameless self-promotion, I posted a few more pics. My first attempt at stand-up. That's my story, anyway, and I'm sticking to it C'mon, you know you want to sing it. "Believe it or not, I'm walking on air..."

94. Botulism Fact Sheet Fact Sheet on botulism botulism is not transmitted from personto-person. Gloves should be worn for contact with faeces. Infection with botulism http://www.path.queensu.ca/ic/botulism.htm

Kingston General Hospital Infection Control Service Fact Sheet on Botulism This fact sheet provides basic general information only and is to be used as a quick guide, not as a complete resource on the subject. If you have any further questions, ask your own physician, local health unit or health care worker. BOTULISM What is it and why are we concerned? Botulism is a disease caused by a neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum . This toxin is ingested in improperly prepared or canned food. This toxin has the potential for use as an agent of bioterrorism if it is released as an aerosol to be inhaled, or if contaminated food or water is ingested. How is it spread in the hospital setting? Botulism is not transmitted from person-to-person. Gloves should be worn for contact with faeces. Infection with Botulism Foodborne botulism is usually accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms, such as vomiting, constipation or diarrhea. In addition, neurologic symptoms may also be present, including visual difficulty, difficulty speaking, difficulty swallowing, paralysis, respiratory dysfunction and failure. Normally there is no fever and normal mental status. For inhaled botulism the onset of paralysis may be delayed. The diagnosis of botulism is made clinically, as there are no specific laboratory tests available. There is a high morality rate associated with botulism. The incubation period for botulism is 12-36 hours after eating contaminated food. For inhalational botulism, the incubation period is 24-72 hours.

95. Botulism botulism is a rare but serious illness caused by the bacterium . The bacterium may enter the body through wounds, or they may live in improperly canned or http://www.healthscout.com/ency/1/000598.html

Search HealthScout Web MEDLINE Special Offers TV Specials Chronic Pain Erectile Dysfunction GERD Diabetes ... High Tech Health Top Features Bipolar Disorder Resources Sleep Skin Cancer Migraines ... Diabetes Health Organizer Resources Healthscout News 3D Health Animations Health Videos Health Encyclopedia ... Drug Library Drug Information Drug Search Drug Interactions Image Database Pill Identifier Channels Home Today Women Men ... Drug Checker Medical Health Encyclopedia Botulism Injury Disease Nutrition Poison ... Prevention Botulism Definition: Botulism is a rare but serious illness caused by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum . The bacterium may enter the body through wounds, or they may live in improperly canned or preserved food. Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Clostridium is found in soil and untreated water throughout the world. It produces spores that survive in improperly preserved or canned food, where they produce toxin. When eaten, even minute amounts of this toxin can lead to severe poisoning. The foods most commonly contaminated are home-canned vegetables, cured pork and ham, smoked or raw fish, and honey or corn syrup. Botulism may also occur if the organism enters open wounds and produces toxin there. Infant botulism is a special type in which living bacteria or its spores are ingested and grow within the infant's gastrointestinal tract. The most common cause of infant botulism is ingestion of honey or corn syrup.

96. Botulism A lifethreatening food poisoning caused by the presence of botulinus toxin http://terrorism.about.com/od/glossaryofterroristterms/g/botulism.htm

var zLb=0; zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Terrorism Issues Glossary of Terrorist Terms Botulism Terrorism Issues Essentials Family Preparedness What is Terrorism? ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Terrorism Issues newsletter! See Online Courses Search Terrorism Issues Stay up to date! Compare Prices Email to a friend ... Print this page Most Popular MILF Terrorism in History Terror Timeline: 90's Munich Massacre ... The Rescue What's Hot Terrorism in the 80's Terrorism in History Terror Timeline: 2000-2003 Terrorism Defined ... Terror Timeline: 90's Glossary From Apply Now Your Guide to Terrorism Issues FREE Newsletter. Sign Up Now! Definition: A life-threatening food poisoning caused by the presence of botulinus toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteria. Cases in humans are usually associated with raw or improperly preserved foods, especially cured meats. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea, vomiting, fatigue, dizziness, vision problems and headache; severe cases may progress to symmetrical paralysis. zau(256,420,100,'ri','http://z.about.com/5/o/c.htm?gs='+gs,'')

97. Botulism - MayoClinic.com botulism is a rare but serious illness caused by the bacterium em Clostridium botulinum /em . The bacterium may live in improperly canned foods or fish. http://www.mayoclinic.com/invoke.cfm?id=AN00788

98. Botulism Infectious Disease Neurology Bacteria botulism. See Infant botulism (eg honey ingestion); Improperly preserved canned foods (eg tomatoes) http://www.fpnotebook.com/ID116.htm

Home About Links Index ... Editor's Choice document.write(code); Advertisement Infectious Disease Neurology Bacteria Botulism Travel Medicine Altered Mental Status in Febrile Returning Traveler Virus Postherpetic Neuralgia Botulism Clostridium botulinum Botulinum toxin C. botulinum Book Home Page Cardiovascular Medicine Dentistry Dermatology Emergency Medicine Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatric Medicine Gynecology Hematology and Oncology HIV Infectious Disease Jokes Laboratory Neonatology Nephrology Neurology Obstetrics Ophthalmology Orthopedics Otolaryngology Pediatrics Pharmacology Practice Management Prevention Psychiatry Pulmonology Radiology Rheumatology Sports Medicine Surgery Urology Chapter Infectious Disease Index Bacteria Dermatology Emerging Examination Ophthalmology Faver Fever Fungus Gastroenterology Helminth HIV Immune Immunization Laboratory General Neurology Obstetrics Parasite Pediatrics Pharmacology Prevention Prion Procedure Psychiatry Rheumatology Sexually Transmitted Disease Travel Medicine Vector Virus Page Neurology Index Bacteria Botulism Travel ALOC Virus Postherpetic See Also Infant Botulism Biological Neurotoxin Etiology Clostridium botulinum Pathophysiology: Toxin mediated disease Botulinum toxins A, B and E are pathogenic in humans

99. Botulism Cadou, Stephanie G. Diagnosing Infant botulism. The Nurse Practitioner. botulism Keys to Prompt Recognition and Therapy. Consultant. http://www.healthatoz.com/healthatoz/Atoz/ency/botulism.jsp

100. Wildlife Mortality Information - Avian Botulism Avian botulism, or Western duck sickness, is a paralytic disease caused by If you download the raw data for Wildlife Mortality Avian botulism you may http://nationalatlas.gov/mld/wlbotut.html

About Contact Us Partners Products ... Help var content = "This will be a tool tip"; createTTLayer("TTMSGBox",0,0,320,44,false,content); moveTTLayer("TTMSGBox",0,0); Home Map Layers Wildlife Mortality Information - Avian Botulism Map Layer Info Wildlife Mortality Information - Avian Botulism What this map layer shows: The number of bird deaths due to botulism, when each outbreak occurred, and the top five species affected, by county. Background Information Sample Map Avian botulism, or Western duck sickness, is a paralytic disease caused by ingestion of a toxin produced by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum . This bacteria is widespread in soil and requires warm temperatures, a protein source, and an anaerobic (no oxygen) environment in order to become active and produce toxin. Decomposing vegetation and invertebrates combined with warm temperatures can provide ideal conditions for the botulism bacteria to activate and produce toxin. A wide variety of birds and some species of mammals are susceptible to the disease. This map layer portrays the incidence of avian botulism in the United States. It was produced by the U.S. Geological Survey's National Wildlife Health Center

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