41. Device For Treatment Of Blepharospasm - Isis Innovation Licensing Opportunity blepharospasm is a form of dystonia affecting the muscles surrounding the eye There is currently no cure for blepharospasm. A number of treatments are http://www.isis-innovation.com/licensing/1195.html

Introduction New Technologies Agricultural Chemistry (Industrial) ... Technology Search Project Number Device for Treatment of Blepharospasm Work in the Eye Hospital at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford has resulted in the design of a simple device for relieving the symptoms of blepharospasm. Therapeutic Area Treatment of blepharospasm. Background Blepharospasm is a form of dystonia affecting the muscles surrounding the eye and causes uncontrolled blinking and closure of the eyelids. Sufferers may be unable to prevent their eyes from clamping shut leaving them effectively blind. Blepharospasm affects more than 4000 individuals in the UK and it is thought that this number may exceed 400,000 worldwide. Problem There is currently no cure for blepharospasm. A number of treatments are available although these are often unsatisfactory and may be invasive or have undesirable side effects. For example, a common treatment involves injecting botulinum toxin into the muscles around the eye which may cause droopy eyelids and double vision and only provides temporary relief. There is clearly a need for a more acceptable treatment.

42. Blepharospasm BEBRF blepharospasm Pages Discover the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for Benign Essential blepharospasm - Who to Contact Benign Essential http://www.health-nexus.com/blepharospasm.htm

The #1 Health information site Health-Nexus.Net Health-Nexus.Org Home ... Up Search Health-Nexus for: Match ALL words Match ANY word Email this page to a friend ! Post a question or comment on our Message Board Home Page Health Specialties Health News ... Alternative Health Options Substance Abuse Animal Health Search: Books Magazines Video Keywords: Find it Here Blepharospasm BEBRF Blepharospasm Pages - Discover the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for blepharospasm. Find surgery and drug remedies. Benign Essential Blepharospasm - Who to Contact Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation, Inc. See also: Hemifacial Spasm, Meige's Syndrome. The Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation has a mission to promote, develop and carry on the search for the cause and a cure for Benign Essential Blepharospasm and other related disorders and infirmities of the facial musculature. Blepharospasm - Blepharospasm is a common term for conditions that are medically known as Benign Essential Blepharospasm and Essential Blepharospasm. A blepharospasm is defined as "a chronic, unremitting, bilateral, variably progressive ...

43. Blepharospasm blepharospasm Updated August 8, 2005 blepharospasm SteenHall Eye Institute, Shreveport, LA; blepharospasm National Eye Institute http://www.noah-health.org/en/eye/disorders/blepharospasm.html

Skip navigation About NOAH Help English Spanish Both Advanced NOAH Eye Change text size: Blepharospasm Updated: August 8, 2005 Benign Essential Blepharospasm Information Page National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Blepharospasm Steen-Hall Eye Institute, Shreveport, LA Blepharospasm National Eye Institute Blepharospasm Dystonia Medical Research Foundation Blepharospasm Eyelid Spasms Univ of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Institute What is Blepharospasm? Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation Researched by NOAH Contributing Editor: Elaine Wells, MA MLS, SUNY State College of Optometry NOAH Eye Specific Disorders > Blepharospasm Health Topics Index A to Z Page of the Month Advanced Search ... Feedback

44. Search Result For "Blepharospasm" NOAH pages containing blepharospasm . Displaying 12 of 2. Eyelid Problems Eyelid Swelling; Blepharitis; Blepharitis; Blepharitis; Blepharitis; http://www.noah-health.org/search/results.php?lang=1&keyword=Blepharospasm&dtype

45. Allergan :: At A Glance BOTOX® is indicated for the treatment of blepharospasm associated with dystonia, blepharospasm is a localized movement disorder (focal dystonia) that http://www.allergan.com/site/treat/treat.asp?id=blepharospasm&largeText=

46. BOTOX® > Consumer Connection > Approved Uses > Blepharospasm blepharospasm is a disorder of the muscles that control eyelid movement. blepharospasm often affects both eyelids, making it difficult to open the http://www.botox.com/site/consumers/approved_uses/blepharospasm.asp

document.writeln(cssFile); var s_pageName=document.title; var s_server=""; var s_channel=""; var s_pageType=""; var s_prop1=""; var s_prop2=""; var s_prop3=""; var s_prop4=""; var s_prop5=""; var s_prop6=""; var s_prop7=""; var s_prop8=""; var s_prop9=""; var s_prop10=""; home find contact help BOTOX® is indicated for the treatment of blepharospasm associated with dystonia, including benign essential blepharospasm or VII nerve disorders in patients 12 years of age and above. Blepharospasm is a disorder of the muscles that control eyelid movement. Spasms of the eyelid lead to frequent blinking. Blepharospasm often affects both eyelids, making it difficult to open the eyelids. In severe cases, this debilitating condition can lead to what is known as "functional blindness", an inability to open the eyelids for any significant period of time. Approximately 75% of patients with blepharospasm are female and the average age at onset is 56 years.1 Although the exact cause of this disorder is unknown, experts believe that it may be caused by an inappropriate signal in the part of the brain known as the basal ganglia.2 Doctors diagnose blepharospasm based on key signs and symptoms. In the early stages of blepharospasm, patients may complain of irritation and discomfort of the eyelids as well as an increase in blinking. As the blepharospasm progresses over 2 years, blinking usually becomes more frequent, forceful, and uncontrollable. Bright, dazzling, or flickering lights, dusty or smoky air, or high-speed travel by train or car can make the symptoms worse. Without proper medical treatment, most patients with blepharospasm do not recover.

47. Blepharospasm People with blepharospasm have normal eyes. Visual disturbance is due solely to In severe cases, patients with blepharospasm can be functionally blind http://www.uic.edu/com/eye/PatientCare/EyeConditions/Blepharospasm.shtml

HOME PATIENT CARE RESEARCH EDUCATION ... DEPARTMENT Quicklinks eyePRO Clinics Eye Conditions Doctors Directions Grand Rounds Phonebook LIERI Lions Club Patient Care AIDS-Related Eye Problems Allergic Conjunctivitis Amblyopia (lazy eye) ... Wrinkles Eye Conditions Blepharospasm Also called a tic, is the persistent or repetitive involuntary contraction of the orbicularis oculi muscle (the circular muscle around the eye), which produces uncontrolled blinking and squeezing of the eyelids. It is usually bilateral (involving both eyes) and may be accompanied by uncontrollable orofacial and head and neck movements; the spasms disappear during sleep. It usually occurs in older persons. It may be due to irritative lesions on the cornea or conjunctiva. Emotional stress and fatigue make it worse. People with blepharospasm have normal eyes. Visual disturbance is due solely to the forced closure of the eyelids. In severe cases, patients with blepharospasm can be functionally blind because they cannot open their eyes. Signs and Symptoms Uncontrolled blinking Twitching or closure of eyelids Decreased vision in severe cases Treatments and Prevention Surgical excision of the orbicularis muscle in severe cases Botulinum Toxin (Botox) UIC Specialists Mark Duffy,MD,PhD

48. Blepharospasm Definition - Medical Dictionary Definitions Of Popular Medical Ter Online Medical Dictionary and glossary with medical definitions. http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=2481

49. Focal Dystonia Due To Blepharospasm Definition - Medical Dictionary Definitions Online Medical Dictionary and glossary with medical definitions. http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=25098

50. Eyelid And Tearing Problems - Blepharospasm Specializing in eyelid surgery, Consultants in Ophthalmic and Facial Plastic Surgery are located in Southeast Michigan and online at www.facialworks.com. http://www.facialworks.com/eyelidtearing/blepharospasm.html

Cosmetic Surgery Ptosis Entropion Ectropion ... Orbital Fractures Blepharospasm Orbital Disease Enucleation Thyroid Eye Disease About Us ... ASOPRS This page... Send it to a friend A printer friendly version Blepharospasm is an uncontrollable blinking and forcible closure of the eyelids It is more commonly known as Benign Essential Blepharospasm. Often the condition is progressive and a cause is usually not found. When very severe a patient can be prevented from driving a car or even walking due to their inability to keep the eyes open. Several types of treatment are available. Injections of Botox will usually control the symptoms for several months. When this is inadequate or repeat injections are inconvenient surgery can help. Surgery removes some of the muscles that spasm allowing the eyelids to remain open more easily.

51. Blepharospasm blepharospasm is the repetitive contraction of eyelid muscles in a rhythmic Another form of blepharospasm lasts much longer, is very uncomfortable, http://www.shands.org/health/information/article/000756.htm

Disease Injury Nutrition Poison ... Eye Blepharospasm Definition: Blepharospasm is the repetitive contraction of eyelid muscles in a rhythmic fashion. In some instances, the eyelid may repeatedly close or nearly close. Alternative Names: Eyelid twitch or spasm Causes, incidence, and risk factors: The most common causes of muscle twitching in the eyelid are fatigue, stress, and caffeine. Once the spasms begin, they may continue intermittently for a day to more than a week, then disappear. Most people experience this type of eyelid twitch on occasion and find it extremely annoying. It usually stops suddenly, without the person noticing it. More severe contractions with closure of the eyelid are thought to be caused by irritation of the surface of the eye (cornea), or the membranes lining the eyelids (conjunctiva). This type of eyelid twitching is common, especially in certain seasons. Another form of blepharospasm lasts much longer, is very uncomfortable, and can close the eyelids completely. Symptoms: A person experiences repetitive, uncontrollable twitching or spasms of the eyelid, usually the upper lid. The person may also be very sensitive to light or have blurry vision.

52. Blepharospasm Dystonia Ireland Dystonia Ireland offers information on Dystonia, a neurological movement disorder which may affect anyone at any age. http://www.dystonia.ie/page.asp?Page=42&Menu=33

53. Blepharospasm Lenses The special FL41 rose tint has also proved helpful to blepharospasm and photo induced Epilepsy patients. Most individuals notice relief with the first wear http://www.knightonoptical.com/page7.html

Photophobia: abnormal reaction to light Millions of people around the world suffer from headaches many endure Migraines. Did you know that you may find relief through your eyeglasses? At Knighton Optical we've found that a special FL-41 rose tinted lens brings relief to migraine patients that range from low to dramatic, depending on the individual and the consistency and duration of wear. The best results occur after approximately three months of wear, although most cases experience some relief immediately. The special FL-41 rose tint has also proved helpful to Blepharospasm and photo induced Epilepsy patients. Most individuals notice relief with the first wear. Photophobia is just one of the triggers for these conditions, but when used in combination with other inventions, the special FL-41 rose tint provided one more tool in the fight to improve the quality of life for these patients. To order this tint for your eyeglasses please print and fill out the form below. Home Page Company Profile Locations Insurance Savings ... Blepharospasm

54. HighWire -- Browse Journals - Blepharospasm Browse Journals publishing on blepharospasm, (return to Topic List page) Journals focusing on blepharospasm (in order by highest focus) http://highwire.stanford.edu/lists/topic_dir/608683/608684/617096/617097/617253/

ANNOUNCEMENT: CHECK OUT THE PREVIEW RELEASE OF OUR NEW WEB SITE! My Favorite Journals ( HW-hosted journals HW-hosted Medline Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: Home Adv. Search For Institutions For Publishers ... Sign in or register for access to all HighWire Press customization features Browse Journals publishing on Blepharospasm: (return to Topic List page) Blepharospasm Sort by: Alphabet Frequency of articles in Blepharospasm Focus of journal on Blepharospasm What's this? Journals focusing on Blepharospasm (in order by highest focus) Journal of Neuroscience info free ISSUES NeuroRx ... Eyelid Diseases Blepharospasm Home Adv. Search For Institutions For Publishers ... partners/suppliers

55. BOTOX® — Blepharospasm for blepharospasm Allergan and Nova Factor have created an easy way to obtain BOTOX® (Botulinum Toxin Type A) Purified Neurotoxin Complex that reduces the http://www.accredohealth.net/nova/botox/botox.html

Allergan Relationship Biopharmaceuticals BOTO X (Botulinum Toxin Type A) Purified Neurotoxin Complex for Blepharospasm Allergan and Nova Factor have created an easy way to obtain BOTOX (Botulinum Toxin Type A) Purified Neurotoxin Complex that reduces the risk of BOTOX non- Clinicians will benefit from the robust experience of the Nova Factor pharmacists and reimbursement specialists. Our clients benefit from a personal relationship with a pharmacist-led team dedicated to helping them successfully managed BOTOX therapy in their practices. Our Program PHARMACY: Manufacturer-trained pharmacists are dedicated to BOTOX and have practical expertise gained through working with patients and healthcare providers. Easy fax referral system.

56. Blepharospasm - National Institutes Of Health (NIH) blepharospasm Health Information from National Institutes of Health (NIH) http://health.nih.gov/result.asp/1018/8

Home Health Information Eyes and Vision Blepharospasm Resources NEI NINDS OMAR ... MedlinePlus NIH Institute and Center Resources National Eye Institute NEI Blepharospasm Diagram of the Eye ... Cómo Hablarle a su Oculista Spanish Diagrama del Ojo Spanish Diagrama del Ojo: Antes y Después de Dilatar la Pupila Spanish El Cuidado de los Ojos: Mitos y Realidades Spanish National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke NINDS Benign Essential Blepharospasm Office of Medical Applications of Research ... Clinical Use of Botulinum Toxin Related Topics: Eye Diseases (General) Muscle Disorders Eyes and Vision Up to Top Look up "Blepharospasm" in: MedlinePlus - health resources from US government agencies and other credible organizations Clinical Trials Database - research studies in which you can participate This page was last reviewed on Thursday, July 28, 2005. Career Opportunities Visitor Information FOIA Employee Information ... Search National Institutes of Health (NIH) 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, Maryland 20892

57. Blepharospasm - Eye Twitch Or Eyelid Twitching Self help and potential harmful drugs for blepharospasm, which is the involuntary twitch of the eyelids. http://www.visionworksusa.com/blepharospasm.htm

Natural Healing Blepharospasm - Eye twitch Involuntary eyelid twitching, caused by dysfunction of the seventh cranial nerve. Affects approximately 25,000 people in the US, usually between 50-60 years, mostly women. It may occur in presence of stressful situations, bright lights and fatigue. Symptoms Eyelid twitch or twitching Excessive blinking Light sensitivity Complementary Treatment Nutrients and products include: magnesium, sunglasses, herbs, homeopathic remedies, acupuncture and other alternative treatments. Recommended Products Important Magnesium Malate Chelate 500 mg - Magnesium Malate Chelate 500 mg 120 tabs Helpful: ReVision Formula - ReVision Formula for overall eye health Self Help Stop caffeine intake, specifically coffee, tea, chocolate or any soft drinks with caffeine Stop smoking Also see Drugs That Harm the Eyes Also see Detailed information on eye twitch Return to home page

58. ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Neurological_Disor Search The Official Patient s Sourcebook on blepharospasm A Directory for the BEBREF blepharospasm Pages Initial symptoms, cause and treatment are http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Neurologica

@import "/styles/navbar.css"; @import "/styles/tabStyles.css"; Set home page Bookmark site Add search Latest News ... Email to friend Text Size A A A Front Page ... Dystonia : Blepharospasm Subtopics See Also: Health: Conditions and Diseases: Eye Disorders Health: Medicine: Medical Specialties: Ophthalmology Health: Senses: Vision Search Google: Blepharospasm News Books Links ... Rat Whisking May Provide Insight Into Debilitating Eye Disorder (February 6, 2005) full story Scientists Solve The Mystery Of How Botox Attacks Nerves And Eliminates Wrinkles (December 23, 2004) full story Tracking Hepatitis C: Health Project Demos Worldwide Early-Warning System For Disease Outbreaks; Sandia Tests Disease-Tracking Approach (June 10, 1998) full story [ More news about Blepharospasm Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change. Blepharospasm: A Medical Dictionary, Bibliography, And Annotated Research Guide To Internet References by: Icon Health Publications September 03, 2004 Amazon.com's Price: Prices subject to change. The Official Patient's Sourcebook on Blepharospasm: A Directory for the Internet Age by: Icon Health Publications January 30, 2005

59. Blepharospasm A twitching or spasmodic contraction of the orbicularis oculi muscle due to tics, eyestrain, or nervous irritability. http://pharma-help.com/blepharospasm

Blepharospasm Blepharospasm Information A twitching or spasmodic contraction of the orbicularis oculi muscle due to tics, eyestrain, or nervous irritability. Essential blepharospasm Blepharospasm of unknown cause.It may be so severe as to be debilitating. Surgery has helped some patients. Botulinum toxin A, as is available in Botox , injected into the muscles that control the spasm has been of benefit. This treatment will need to be repeated after 2 to 3 months. Articles and information related to Blepharospasm Botox Skin Care and Beauty Health Resources Drug Information Home ... Add Url Please view our and before using Pharma-Help.com. Contact Us for information, feedback or to have any further questions answered. Daily updates, current date: 9th of September 2005 Web Pharma-Help.com Drug Information Home > Blepharospasm Popular Products Soma Fioricet Cialis Tramadol ... Carisoprodol

60. Blepharospasm - Patient UK blepharospasm Patient UK. A directory of UK health, disease, illness and related medical websites that provide patient information. http://www.patient.co.uk/showdoc/40000909/

PatientPlus articles are written for doctors and so the language can be technical. However, some people find that they add depth to the articles found in the other sections of this website which are written for non-medical people. Blepharospasm Focal dystonia appearing in adults with recurrent spasms of eye closure; the orbicularis oculi muscle contracts forcibly and involuntarily. This lasts for periods varying from seconds to minutes and often repeatedly. Occasionally, this can be so frequent as to make the patient effectively blind. Most cases are idiopathic and termed benign essential blepharospasm or primary blepharospasm . There are cases of secondary blepharospasm due to identifiable organic disease, listed below: Multiple sclerosis (may cause blepharoclonus – prolonged, severe and painful eyelid closure) Focal brain injury, particularly of the basal ganglia Atypical Parkinson's Disease Multi-System Atrophy /progressive supranuclear palsy Adverse drug reactions, eg olanzapine , tardive dyskinesia Tourette's Syndrome Cerebral palsy Familial cases Epidemiology Incidence Estimated 16 to 133 per million.

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