1. OI: Dementia -- ÆGIS A comprehensive guide to this condition called ADC, dementia, sub acute encephalitisor HIV encephalitis from AEGIS. http://www.aegis.com/topics/oi/oi-adc.html

AIDS Dementia Complex "ADC" "dementia" "sub acute encephalitis" "HIV encephalitis" This is part of a series on Opportunistic Infections . Please note that This Page Is Just A Starting Point: who specializes in treating HIV. Finding The Latest Information: Advances in treating opportunistic infections can happen at any time, so the material on this page may be outdated. Some links in the see also section at the bottom of this page are actually special database links. They may contain information published after this page was written. Classification AIDS Dementia Comples (ADS) is not a true opportunistic infection. It is one of the few conditions caused directly by the HIV virus. Description The central nervous system can be damaged by a number of things opportunistic infections; direct effects of HIV in the brain; toxic effects of drug treatments. Those with ADC have HIV-infected macrophages in the brain. That means HIV is actively infecting brain cells. Symptoms: Early symptoms of AIDS Dementia can be confused with general manifestations of clinical depression. These include apathy, loss of interest in one's surroundings and the like. Later symptoms involve cognitive and motor problems. Memory loss, as well as mobility problems, come into the picture. ( Being Alive The US Centers For Disease Control considers HIV encephalopathy (dementia) an AIDS-defining condition Danger Zone A.D.C. can happen at

2. SF AIDS Fdn: BETA 12/96 -- AIDS Dementia Complex This article is from the Dec. 96 Bulletin of Experimental Treatments for AIDS. In depth and covers the symptoms, classifications, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. http://www.sfaf.org/treatment/beta/b31/b31adc.html

Published in the Bulletin of Experimental Treatments for AIDS December 1996 issue, by the San Francisco AIDS Foundation. December 1996 Table of Contents Main Page beta@sfaf.org AIDS Dementia Complex by Mark Bowers HIV is known to affect most if not all systems in the body. A member of the subfamily of retroviruses that causes a variety of neurological and immunological diseases, HIV has been found in the brain as early as 2 days after initial infection. A type of dementia usually referred to as AIDS dementia complex (ADC), but also known as HIV-1-associated dementia or HIV-associated cognitive/motor complex, has been estimated to affect up to one-third of adults and one-half of all children with AIDS. It remains unclear exactly how and where HIV enters the brain. However, newly devised methods of measuring HIV in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that bathes the spinal cord and the brain may be predictive of the risk of developing ADC and may help gauge efforts to prevent or treat it. The availability of antiretroviral drugs from 2 new classes, protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), potentially increases the number of options for preventing and treating ADC. New and better understanding of how HIV causes disease in the brain opens the door for testing novel therapies, including anti-inflammatory drugs, antioxidants, cytokine regulators and calcium channel blockers.

3. AIDS Dementia Complex Definition - HIV: Health And Medical Information About HIV A brief article about aids dementia complex. http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=8700

4. AIDS Dementia Complex aids dementia complex (ADC) is not a true opportunistic infection. It is one of the few conditions caused directly by the HIV virus. Those with ADC http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. (BALA) AIDS Dementia Complex The incidence of aids dementia complex is something less than 10%. Nonetheless,a majority of people with late stage AIDS will manifest some symptoms. http://www.aegis.com/pubs/bala/1995/ba950206.html

BALA) AIDS Dementia Complex BEING ALIVE: February 1995 Mark Katz, MD, and reported by Jim Stoecker The incidence of AIDS Dementia Complex is something less than 10%. Nonetheless, a majority of people with late stage AIDS will manifest some symptoms. AIDS Dementia Complex was first described in 1986 and was added to the CDC's list of AIDS-defining conditions. Only a small number receive an AIDS diagnosis because of dementia . In 1990, for instance, just 2.7% of AIDS cases were defined because of AIDS Dementia. Early symptoms of AIDS Dementia can be confused with general manifestations of clinical depression. These include apathy, loss of interest in one's surroundings and the like. Later symptoms involve cognitive and motor problems. Memory loss, as well as mobility problems, come into the picture. Diagnosing AIDS Dementia Complex is difficult. CAT scans are usually used, though these could be normal. Neuropsychiatric testing is required. Various other scans may also be called for. Treatment is usually individualized; there is no one accepted way to treat all cases. AZT in high doses is usually used, although the drug appears to help more with motor problems and less with cognitive problems. Other drugs to reduce brain inflammation may also be tried. Finally, there is symptomatic treatment; drugs are used to treat the specific symptoms of the individual.

6. The Body AIDS Dementia Complex aids dementia complex, at The Body, the complete HIV/AIDS resource. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. Project Inform's AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC) [ HIV / AIDS Treatment Information] Project Inform is a national organization working to end the AIDS epidemic.We provide information on the diagnosis and treatment of HIV disease, http://www.projinf.org/fs/dementia.html

Search Contact Us Feedback Calendar ... Site Map AIDS Dementia Complex April 2002 View PDF (Spanish Translation) Table of Contents Possible Symptoms of Early Stage ADC Possible Symptoms of Middle Stage ADC Possible Symptoms of Late Stage ADC What Is ADC? ... Conclusion ADC consists of many conditions that can be of varying degrees and may progressively worsen. These conditions can easily be mistaken for symptoms of other common HIV-associated problems including depression, drug side effects or opportunistic infections that affect the brain like toxoplasmosis or lymphoma. Symptoms of ADC may include poor concentration, forgetfulness, loss of short- or long-term memory, social withdrawal, slowed thinking, short attention span, irritability, apathy (lack of caring or concern for oneself or others), weakness, poor coordination, impaired judgment, problems with vision and personality change. Because ADC varies so much from person to person, it is poorly understood and has been reported and described in many conflicting ways. This publication will shed light on some of these issues as well as the available treatments for ADC. Possible Symptoms of Early Stage ADC Difficulty concentrating Difficulty remembering phone numbers or appointments Slowed thinking Longer time needed to complete complicated tasks Reliance on list keeping to help track daily activities Mental status tests and other mental capabilities may be normal Irritability Unsteady gait (walk) or difficulty keeping balance Poor hand coordination and change in writing

8. AIDS Dementia Complex aids dementia complex http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. RedNova News - Health - HAART The Molecular Biology Of AIDS HAART the Molecular Biology of aids dementia complex http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. AIDS Dementia Complex The aids dementia complex (ADC) is one of the most common and clinically important 4,5) The three components of the term, aids dementia complex embody http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite?page=kb-04&doc=kb-04-01-03

11. SF AIDS Fdn BETA 12/96 AIDS Dementia Complex This article from the Dec. 96 Bulletin of Experimental Treatments for AIDS covers aids dementia complex. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. AIDS Dementia Complex: Related Resources Brain MRI from Patient with aids dementia complex (AHP) Premier HIV/AIDS andmental health agency, part of the University of California San Francisco. http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite?page=kbr-04-01-03

13. Tour 1 Next/Previous/Start These Images Show Typical Findings Because previous studies have shown that aids dementia complex (ADC) is associated with both functional defects and structural evidence of http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

14. AIDS SA - AIDS Dementia Complex The neuropathological characteristics of the dementia associated with HIV infection by Navia in 1986 who coined the term aids dementia complex (ADC) . http://www.niv.ac.za/virussa/aidsa/v7_3.htm

Pathogenesis Diagnosis Clinical Features Management The neuropathological characteristics of the dementia associated with HIV infection was first described by Navia in 1986 who coined the term "AIDS dementia complex (ADC)" . The disease has also been referred to by the WHO as well as the American Academy of Neurology by the rather cumbersome and seldom used alternate term, "HIV-associated cognitive/motor complex" Initially, ADC was seen in 15 to 30% of HIV infected patients, virtually always in the advanced stage of AIDS, and usually accompanied by a profound immunosuppression as well as other signs of AIDS. In developed countries, the incidence of ADC has dropped dramatically because of the widespread use of zidovudine and it is now a rare disease in those patients who are on zidovudine treatment. ADC is a diffuse CNS disorder, charac-terized clinically as a subcortical dementia which manifests itself by slowness of mental function and by disturbances of cognitive and motor functions. The disease, if untreated, is progressive with patients ultimately reaching a vegetative state before death. The mortality rate for ADC is 3 times that of Pneumocystis pneumonia. Replication of HIV in the CNS plays a key role in the pathogenesis and therefore the disease is treatable by antiretroviral agents, especially zidovudine, which penetrates readily into the CNS, and much of the neurological damage is reversible. PATHOGENESIS The pathogenesis of ADC is marked by the following features:-

15. Project Inform's AIDS Dementia Complex (ADC) [ HIV / AIDS aids dementia complex. April 2002. View PDF. Esta informaci n en espa ol (Spanish Translation) http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

16. EMedicine - HIV-1 Encephalopathy And AIDS Dementia Complex : Article By Sofia Ya HIV1 Encephalopathy and aids dementia complex - Neurologic complications fromthe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may arise from HIV itself, http://www.emedicine.com/neuro/topic447.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties Resource Centers CME ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Advanced Search Consumer Health Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Neurology Neurological Infections HIV-1 Encephalopathy and AIDS Dementia Complex Last Updated: May 16, 2005 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 10 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Sofia Yahya, MD , Staff Physician, Department of Psychiatry, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine Coauthor(s): Mandeep Garewal, MD , Staff Physician, Department of Neurology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine Lauren J Schaben, MD , Staff Physician, Department of Neurology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine Florian P Thomas, MD, MA, PhD, Drmed , Director, Spinal Cord Injury Unit, St. Louis VAMC, Associate Program Dir, Associate Professor, Departments of Neurology, Molecular Virology, and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine Sofia Yahya, MD, is a member of the following medical societies:

17. Neurologic AIDS Research Consortium AIDS Dementia Complex aids dementia complex (ADC) is characterized by cognitive dysfunction (trouble with concentration, memory and attention), declining motor performance http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

18. EMedicine - HIV-1 Encephalopathy And AIDS Dementia Complex : Article Excerpt By: HIV1 Encephalopathy and aids dementia complex - Neurologic complications fromthe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may arise from HIV itself, http://www.emedicine.com/neuro/byname/hiv-1-encephalopathy-and-aids-dementia-com

(advertisement) Excerpt from HIV-1 Encephalopathy and AIDS Dementia Complex Synonyms, Key Words, and Related Terms: AIDS dementia complex, ADC, HIV-1–associated cognitive/motor complex, AIDS encephalopathy, HIV encephalopathy, subacute HIV encephalitis, HIV-associated dementia complex, AIDS-related dementia, HIV dementia, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS, human immunodeficiency virus, HIV, minor cognitive motor disorder, MCMD, highly active antiretroviral therapy, HAART Please click here to view the full topic text: HIV-1 Encephalopathy and AIDS Dementia Complex Background: Neurologic complications from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may arise from HIV itself, opportunistic infections, tumors, or drug-related complications. HIV encephalopathy and AIDS dementia complex (ADC) are the neurologic complications that arise from primary HIV infection, others include vacuolar myelopathy, peripheral neuropathies, and polymyositis. Several important terms exist concerning CNS conditions caused by HIV. HIV encephalopathy is part of the acute HIV syndrome during seroconversion. HIV-associated progressive encephalopathy (HPE) is a syndrome complex with cognitive, motor, and behavioral features seen in children. ADC, also known as HIV-associated dementia complex (HAD), is characterized by cognitive, motor, and behavioral features in adults, which usually develops in advanced AIDS when CD4 lymphocyte counts fall below 200 cells/mm . With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), a less severe dysfunction, minor cognitive motor disorder (MCMD), has become more common than ADC.

19. AIDS Dementia Complex Home Knowledge Base Manifestations Dementia. aids dementia complex. HIV InSite Knowledge Base Chapter June 1998 http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

20. Neurologic AIDS Research Consortium AIDS Dementia Complex aids dementia complex (ADC) is characterized by cognitive dysfunction (troublewith concentration, memory and attention), declining motor performance http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/narc/adc.html

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