1. THE ACHROMATOPSIA NETWORK A network for individuals and families affected by the vision disorderachromatopsia (sometimes called achromatopia), including rod monochromacy and blue http://www.achromat.org/

THE ACHROMATOPSIA NETWORK An information network for individuals and families who are affected by achromatopsia and for professionals interested in achromatopsia Welcome to the Home Page of The Achromatopsia Network The purpose of this website is to provide information about achromatopsia and about the publications that are available pertaining to this rare vision disorder. Table of Contents What is achromatopsia? Purposes of the Achromatopsia Network publicaitons Subjects with which network publications are concerned special needs of persons with achromatopsia About the book, Understanding and Coping with Achromatopsia About the book, ... Comments from readers Pages last April 30, 2005

2. The Achromatopsia Group Internet resource center, support group, and discussion forum for people affected by the rare vision disorder. http://www.achromatopsia.org/

The Achromatopsia Group Internet Resource Center Discussion Forum Welcome to the recently formed consolidated internet resource center , support group, and discussion forum rod monochromacy, which affects approximately 8,500 persons in the United States (about 1 in 33,000). Typical symptoms of achromatopsia include photophobia (hypersensitivity to light), color blindness, poor visual acuity, and nystagmus (wobbly eyes). This is a result of few or no cone photoreceptor cells in the retina. People with achromatopsia depend on their rod photoreceptor cells which do not provide color or detail vision, and become saturated by light. Coping with hypersensitivity to light is a major issue. Our Mission and Goals Go To 'Achromatopsia Group' Discussion Forum Go To Achromatopsia Internet Resource Center For more information, email info@achromatopsia.org Last Updated 27 October 2001

3. Incomplete And Complete Achromatopsia Describes the differences between the conditions and its significance. http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro98/202s98-paper2/DeCastro2.html

This paper reflects the research and thoughts of a student at the time the paper was written for a course at Bryn Mawr College. Like other materials on Serendip , it is not intended to be "authoritative" but rather to help others further develop their own explorations. Web links were active as of the time the paper was posted but are not updated Contribute Thoughts Search Serendip for Other Papers Serendip Home Page Biology 202 ... 1998 Second Web Reports On Serendip Incomplete and Complete Achromatopsia Elaine de Castro The human eye requires both rods and cones for normal vision. Over 100 million rods are located in the periphery of the human eye, and about 6 million cones compose the fovea. Rods, the more sensitive of the two to light, are not able to differentiate wavelengths, thus cannot detect color, and perceive shades of grey, black, and white. Cones, on the other hand, are of three types, containing particular pigments. They are categorized as red, blue, and green depending on to which wavelength they are most sensitive. These cones are what render color vision to humans. Red-green color blindness is not uncommon in the general population. The unequal crossover in the X-chromosome which causes this disorder is much more easily achieved than the mechanisms which cause other types of color blindness, due to the proximity of the two pigment genes. Five to eight percent of men are affected with this genetic condition, and due to a lacking pigment, have trouble distinguishing between red, green and brown.

4. THE ACHROMATOPSIA NETWORK A network for individuals and families affected by the vision disorder achromatopsia (sometimes called achromatopia), including rod monochromacy and http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. WHAT IS ACHROMATOPSIA? Congenital achromatopsia is a rare hereditary vision disorder which affects 1 Persons who have achromatopsia (sometimes called achromatopia) do not have http://www.achromat.org/what_is_achromatopsia.html

What Is Achromatopsia? Congenital achromatopsia is a rare hereditary vision disorder which affects 1 person in 33,000 in the U. S. The incidence varies in different parts of the world. Various diagnostic terms have been applied to patients who have congenital achromatopsia. Some of these terms have been applied inaccurately and some of the terms simply demonstrate the fact that the nomenclature in use can vary considerably among different vision care specialists and in different parts of the world. Sometimes a patient with rod monochromacy is diagnosed as having cone dystrophy, because some vision care professionals are accustomed to thinking of all patients who have inherited disorders of the cones as having cone dystrophy. Congenital achromatopsia, however, should never be confused with progressive cone dystrophy or cone/rod dystrophy. Congenital achromatopsia is not progressive, and it does not lead to blindness. Some doctors refer to it as "stationary cone dystrophy." Misdiagnosis is common. As one example, many achromats have been given the diagnosis of "congenital nystagmus." Nystagmus (involuntary movement of the eyes) is a symptom of achromatopsia, one that is especially noticeable during infancy and childhood, but having this symptom is not the same as having the medical eye condition which is known as "congenital nystagmus." As levels of illumination increase, the vision of persons with achromatopsia decreases. In moderately bright indoor spaces or outdoors just after dawn or just before dusk, some achromats adapt to their reduced level of visual functioning without resorting to tinted lenses, by using visual strategies such as blinking, squinting, shielding their eyes, or positioning themselves favorably in relation to light sources. Others routinely wear medium tinted lenses in such settings. However, in full sunlight outdoors or in very bright indoor spaces, almost all achromats use very dark tinted lenses in order to function with a reasonable amount of vision, since their retinas do not possess the photoreceptors needed for seeing well in such settings.

6. WHAT IS ACHROMATOPSIA? What Is achromatopsia? Congenital achromatopsia is a rare hereditary vision disorder which affects 1 person in 33 000 in the U. S. The http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. Achromatopsia And Color Blindness There are two primary forms, the complete achromatopsia and incomplete achromatopsia.Complete achromatopsia achromatopsia means “without color” and is http://www.lowvision.org/achromatopsia_and_color_blindnes.htm

Achromatopsia Understanding Achromatopsia Richard L. Windsor, O.D., F.A.A.O. Laura K. Windsor, O.D., F.A.A.O. Published in Vision Enhancement Journal Achromatopsia is an inherited condition that affects approximately 1 in every 33,000 Americans. It is also known as rod monochromatism. This condition is associated with color blindness, visual acuity loss, extreme light sensitivity and nystagmus. It is a condition found throughout the world with varying incidence. There are two primary forms, the complete achromatopsia and incomplete achromatopsia. C omplete Achromatopsia A chromatopsia means “without color” and is defined as little or no function of the cone cells. Persons with achromatopsia are only able to perceive black, white and shades of gray. Patients with complete achromatopsia have no real understanding of the concept of color. A color like red may be perceived as dark gray while yellow may be perceived as a light gray. The vision is much like that of a black and white photograph with varying shades of gray. Incomplete Achromatopsia atients with incomplete achromatopsia have profound color impairment, but do have a small residual amount of color vision and slightly better visual acuity due to the presence of some functioning cone cells in the retina.

8. The Achromatopsia Group The achromatopsia Group Internet Resource CenterDiscussion Forum http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. Understanding Achromatopsia Vision specialists explain how this condition is inherited, the different types, and what treatment is available. http://www.eyeassociates.com/understanding_achromatopsia.htm

Understanding Achromatopsia Laura K. Windsor, O.D. , F.A.A.O. Richard L. Windsor, O.D. , F.A.A.O. P ublished in Vision Enhancement Journal Achromatopsia is an inherited condition that affects approximately 1 in every 33,000 Americans. It is also known as rod monochromatism. This condition is associated with color blindness, visual acuity loss, extreme light sensitivity and nystagmus. It is a condition found throughout the world with varying incidence. There are two primary forms, the complete achromatopsia and incomplete achromatopsia. Complete Achromatopsia Achromatopsia means “without color” and is defined as little or no function of the cone cells. Persons with achromatopsia are only able to perceive black, white and shades of gray. Patients with complete achromatopsia have no real understanding of the concept of color. A color like red may be perceived as dark gray while yellow may be perceived as a light gray. The vision is much like that of a black and white photograph with varying shades of gray. Incomplete Achromatopsia Patients with incomplete achromatopsia have profound color impairment, but do have a small residual amount of color vision and slightly better visual acuity due to the presence of some functioning cone cells in the retina.

10. Achromatopsia And Color Blindness achromatopsia Understanding achromatopsia Richard L. Windsor, O.D., F.A.A.O incomplete achromatopsia. Complete achromatopsia achromatopsia http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. Links Page - The Achromatopsia Group Please email suggested links to webmaster@achromatopsia.org The achromatopsiaNetwork EXCELLENT site containing the most accurate and comprehensive http://www.achromatopsia.org/links.htm

The Achromatopsia Group Internet Resource Center Back to Main Page Discussion Forum Below are some useful links to various sites (achromatopsia, related disorders, support organizations, low vision resources, education resources, and research articles) Please email suggested links to webmaster@achromatopsia.org The Achromatopsia Network - EXCELLENT site containing the most accurate and comprehensive information available on the subject of achromatopsia (e.g. go to " What Is Achromatopsia? "). Offers several superb publications, including Understanding And Coping With Achromatopsia Living With Achromatopsia Complete Colorblindness , and The Island Of The Colorblind (by Oliver Sacks) , as well as The Achromatopsia Network Journal newsletter. This should be the starting point for anyone wanting to learn more about achromatopsia Vision In A Complete Achromat: A Personal Account - By Knut Nordby. An autobiographical description of how an achromat from Norway has coped with achromatopsia. Note: this article is listed with the permission of Knut Nordby.

12. The Low Vision Gateway Resources for finding low vision information, equipment and services on the Internet. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

13. Welcome To InteliHealth The most severe is achromatopsia, a partial or complete lack or The mainsymptom of achromatopsia is extreme sensitivity to light (photophobia). http://www.intelihealth.com/hope/htmH27index.html

Achromatopsia Color blindness takes many forms. About one in ten boys and one in 250 girls are born with red-green color blindness, which is usually no more than an annoyance. But color blindness has much more seriousthough much rarerforms. The most severe is achromatopsia, a partial or complete lack or dysfunction of the cone cells. These are the color-sensing cells in the retina in the back of the eye. People with achromatopsia can see little or no color. They also never develop sharp vision; they are especially limited in their ability to see at a distance. Most are legally blind, with visual acuities around 20/200. This inherited disorder affects about 1 person in 33,000. Most patients are diagnosed as children. The main symptom of achromatopsia is extreme sensitivity to light (photophobia). Patients are blinded by the sun when they're outdoors. Some are so sensitive to light that they're uncomfortable even indoors in a normally lit room. The condition is hard to diagnose because the back of the eyes usually look normal when the doctor checks them. The diagnosis is made by the person's symptoms and an electroretinogram, which must be done at a special clinic. While there is no cure, the symptoms can be managed. Patients can control glare by wearing wraparound sunglasses and a broad-brimmed hat. An eye doctor can prescribe tinted contact lenses that cut glare and let patients see more clearly (the young boy in the TV spot got red lenses). Patients may also benefit from low vision rehabilitation, which may also include occupational therapy, orientation and mobility instruction (to learn safe walking and travel skills), social work, genetic counseling, and consultation with a teacher of the visually impaired.

14. Achromatopsia achromatopsia http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. Achromatopsia achromatopsia. rod monochromacy and blue cone monochromacy. achromatopsia NetworkPO Box 214 Berkeley, CA 947010214 USA E-mail Editor@achromat.org http://www.kumc.edu/gec/support/achromat.html

Achromatopsia rod monochromacy and blue cone monochromacy Achromatopsia Network P.O. Box 214 Berkeley, CA 94701-0214 USA E-mail: Editor@achromat.org (Frances Futterman, network facilitator) Vision disorder, including both rod monochromacy and blue cone monochromacy. Also information on other vision disorders with similar visual manifestations, such as hypersensitivity to light and color vision deficiency Book, Understanding and Coping with Achromatopsia Book, Living with Achromatopsia Book, Complete Colorblindness Also See: National Genetic Organizations and Lay advocacy Groups To locate a genetic counselor or clinical geneticist: Professional Genetics Societies Genetic clinics, centers, departments Genetic Societies Clinical Resources ... Search Genetics Education Center Debra Collins, M.S. CGC , Genetic Counselor, dcollins@kumc.edu This site subscribes to the principles of the HONcode (Health on the Net, Code of Conduct for Medical and Health Web Sites) of the Health On the Net Foundation

16. Encyclopedia - Achromatopsia Eye Care Library. Encyclopedia achromatopsia. What causes achromatopsia? What are the signs of achromatopsia? How is achromatopsia managed? http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

17. Incomplete And Complete Achromatopsia Incomplete and Complete achromatopsia http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

18. Achromatopsia There are two types of achromatopsia, one is congenital and the other can becaused by brain damage, called cerebral achromatopsia (3). http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro99/web2/Howard.html

This paper reflects the research and thoughts of a student at the time the paper was written for a course at Bryn Mawr College. Like other materials on Serendip , it is not intended to be "authoritative" but rather to help others further develop their own explorations. Web links were active as of the time the paper was posted but are not updated Contribute Thoughts Search Serendip for Other Papers Serendip Home Page Biology 202 ... 1999 Second Web Reports On Serendip Achromatopsia Marion Howard When I was young, I was told that "color blindness" did not mean that the person saw the world like an old movie, but rather it meant that they could not distinguish between green and red. I thought that this understanding was very advanced and would quickly share my knowledge with any less-informed children. After looking into the matter, I have been forced to reject this generalization in favor of a broader range of diseases resulting in very different types of inabilities to perceive color in a "normal" fashion. While the typical color blindness I was told about affects 8 percent of men and less than 1 percent of women in the United States , there are many other types. The most common types of color blindness, effecting red and green vision, are not too serious for the sufferers, who can function normally and do not have overly impaired vision other than an inability to distinguish between certain colors. There are, however, more serious forms of "color blindness", such as blue cone monochromatopsia, partial rod monochromatopsia, and total rod monochromatopsia

19. Achromatopsia Medical Information Document On achromatopsia What we see is made in the brain from signals given to it by the eyes. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

20. Achromatopsia Links to information and resources for achromatopsia. http://rarediseases.about.com/cs/achromatopsia/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a70' About Rare / Orphan Diseases Rare Diseases Essentials ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/6.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Rare / Orphan Diseases newsletter! See Online Courses Search Rare / Orphan Diseases Achromatopsia Guide picks Achromatopsia is a rare hereditary vision disorder which results in poor visual acuity (can't see well) and colorblindness. The Achromatopsia Network Offers information, support, networking, and book reviews. Colour Vision Defects Information about color blindness and visual defects. OMIM - Achromatopsia Genetics division, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, of National Institutes of Health provides scientific information about the disorder. Topic Index Email to a Friend Our Story Be a Guide ... New York Times Company Hurricane Katrina About's Hurricane Blogs NY Times Coverage Where to Donate Exclusive: One Family's Story ... How to Explain to Kids Related Topics Multiple Sclerosis Parenting Special Needs Sleep Disorders Headlines Cystic Fibrosis Foundation helps Hurricane Katrina victims Robert J. Beall, Ph.D, President and CEO of the Cystic...

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