61. 1941, Collapse Of The First Yugoslavia. Finally yielding to a GERMAN ULTIMATUM, the Yugoslav government on March 22 decided to The Yugoslav government resisted the overtures, but in midMarch, http://www.srpska-mreza.com/library/facts/collapse.html

Home Library Links Search ... Email THE SERBIAN PEOPLE KNOW HOW TO RESIST ULTIMATUMS AND "NEW WORLD ORDERS" The Serbs say "NO" to Hitler THE PRIDE AND THE PRICE March 27, 1941 - One more day of the Serbian glory... QUOTES from different books and Encyclopediae: Encyclopedia Britannica, edition 1943, Volume 23, page 923, entry: Yugoslavia Author: Dr. Hans Kohn, Jr. Professor of History, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. Quote: ...Hitler's demands and offers were reported to be Yugoslavia's adherence to the Axis, the prohibition of all anti-Axis agitation in Yugoslavia (which of course amounted to a suppression of democratic freedom), the opening up of Yugoslavia's railroads for the transport of German war materials, a guarantee of the inviolability of Yugoslav territory and finally the promise of territorial expansion at the expense of Greece. Some of the ministers, including Lazar Markovic, resigned in protest against any agreement with Germany which would definitely bind Yugoslavia to the Axis and the so-called " NEW WORLD ORDER ."

62. Yugoslavia -- Sorting The Real Issues On the other hand the military forces of the Yugoslav government are At the Rambouillet conference the Yugoslav government was prepared to accept http://agitprop.org.au/stopnato/19990501dspbullshit.php

@import url(images/ss01.css); Return to: Left History: a digital archive Return to: No imperialist war! Return to: NATO-Yugoslav War Internet Resources Author: Peter Symon, General Secretary, Communist Party of Australia Publisher/Date: The Guardian , April 28, 1999 Title: Yugoslavia Sorting the real issues Original location: http://www.peg.apc.org/~guardian/guardian/951dsp.htm With only slight variations all these conditions could be easily endorsed by NATO in the present situation. The question of who is to provide the KLA with its arms and other resources is not answered but they could only come from the imperialist arms supplies as is already the case. No matter how frequently the attempt is made to suggest that the KLA is some legitimate national liberation movement, the reality is that they are being armed and promoted by Western imperialist governments, particularly, that of Germany. Reasons behind NATO aggression Because of the refusal of Yugoslavia to bend the knee to NATO pressure and allow NATO bases on her territory as has happened to the bordering countries of Hungary, Greece and Macedonia, Yugoslavia had to be subdued. Another major factor in the aggression against Yugoslavia is the struggle for domination between the US dollar and the European euro ó the new currency of the European Union which is a considerable threat to the present domination of the US dollar on world currency markets.

63. Imperialism And The Balkanisation Of Yugoslavia will continue till the Yugoslav government accepts the ‘agreement’ which NATO Any nationstate or government which defies or refuses to fall in line http://agitprop.org.au/stopnato/19990507ganashakti.php

@import url(images/ss01.css); Return to: Left History: a digital archive Return to: No imperialist war! Return to: NATO-Yugoslav War Internet Resources Author: Prakash Karat Publisher/Date: Ganashakti (In), April 5, 1999 Title: Imperialism and the Balkanisation of Yugoslavia Original location: http://www.ganashakti.com/old/99/990405/world.htm The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia which was forged out of the liberation struggle against Nazism during the Second World War, consisted of six republics under a federal structure: Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia, Montenegro and Bosnia-Herzegovina. The new socialist state, Yugoslavia, had emerged out of the fiery ordeal of the anti-fascist struggle under the leadership of Tito. It was the heroic partisan war waged by the communists which had welded the unity of the various nationalities and groups historically divided along ethnic and religious lines. The tragic events consequent to the dismantling of the Yugoslavian federation in 1991, saw virulent ethnic and religious nationalisms filling the vacuum, and imperialist intervention fuelling the fratricidal conflicts. Throughout this period, the USA and its allies focussed on highlighting the atrocities committed by the Serbian chauvinists, while underplaying the violence perpetrated by the Croatian and Muslim chauvinists. First Direct Intervention The first major imperialist intervention took place in Bosnia-Herzegovina where an armed conflict was raging between the Croat-Muslim side and the Serbs. The United States and its NATO allies particularly Germany, openly sided with the Croat-Muslim forces, and after edging the United Nations out of its peace-keeping role in Bosnia, the US conducted the most intensive bombing of the Bosnian Serb positions.

64. Yugoslavia (former) European Neighbors - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, For diplomatic reasons, the Yugoslav government did not permit Macedonian Officially the Yugoslav government strongly condemned Albanian intervention in http://www.photius.com/countries/serbia_and_montenegro/government/yugoslavia_for

Country Ranks INDEX for Yugoslavia (former) Maps ... Feedback Yugoslavia (former) European Neighbors http://www.photius.com/countries/yugoslavia_former/government/yugoslavia_former_government_european_neighbors.html Sources: The Library of Congress Country Studies; CIA World Factbook Back to Yugoslavia (former) Government The issue of Macedonian nationality caused friction between Yugoslavia and neighboring Bulgaria and Greece, which contained large Macedonian minorities. Throughout the postwar period, the Yugoslav press propagandized against Bulgarian expansionist policies toward Macedonia and the failure to recognize Macedonians as a separate nationality in Bulgaria. Although the Bulgarian press reciprocated much more strongly after the 1989 change of government in Bulgaria, the two governments showed little desire to magnify an issue that had been at the center of the Balkan Wars before World War I (see The Balkan Wars and World War I , ch. 1). Relations with Hungary, the other neighbor with a substantial ethnic minority within Yugoslavia, continued without major complication. In light of Hungarian political reforms, new agreements in 1989 and 1990 demilitarized the common border and expanded economic ties, emphasizing regional cooperation that also included Austria. Data as of December 1990 NOTE: The information regarding Yugoslavia (former) on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies and the CIA World Factbook. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Yugoslavia (former) European Neighbors information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Yugoslavia (former) European Neighbors should be addressed to the Library of Congress and the CIA.

65. Monthly Review June 1999 Tariq Ali Operation Allied Force was designed to win the Yugoslav government over to Albright believed that the response of the government of yugoslavia would be http://www.monthlyreview.org/699ali.htm

Volume 51, Number 2 Dear Reader, We place these articles at no charge on our website to serve all the people who cannot afford Monthly Review , or who cannot get access to it where they live. Many of our most devoted readers are outside of the United States. If you read our articles online and you can afford a subscription to our print edition, we would very much appreciate it if you would consider taking one. Please click here to subscribe . Thank you very much. Harry Magdoff and John Bellamy Foster June 1999 by Tariq Ali Home Subscribe Notes From the Editors ... Imperialism by Ellen Meiksins Wood Is Overcompetition the Problem? by John Bellamy Foster Turbulence in the World Economy by David McNally Also by this Author: The Blair Kitsch Project NATO decided to celebrate its fiftieth birthday with a bang in keeping with the changing character of the "defensive alliance." It assumed that a short, sharp war in the Balkans would rapidly bring Milosevic to his knees, and Kosovo would become the second NATO protectorate in the region. As I write, this ugly war is over a month old. It is a war that has little, if anything, to do with the people of the old Yugoslavia. This has been a war for U.S. hegemony in Europe and the world, the act of a triumphant imperialism designed to rub the face of its old enemy in mud enriched with depleted uranium. A number of European countries were not convinced that NATO should embark on adventures without UN sanction. Clinton, backed by his sanctimonious English factotum, Toady Blair (described by Jesse Helms as the "most eloquent voice of leadership in Europe") decided to bounce the Germans, Italians, and Greeks into a war they did not want. In Germany, Finance Minister Oskar Lafontaine walked out of the government in protest.

66. The US/NATO War In Yugoslavia 8 Myths And Facts US/NATO had to attack «the Serbs» because the Yugoslav government and President The Yugoslav government agreed to the first condition, and rejected the http://www.eroj.org/urbiorbi/Yugoslavia/8myths.htm

Myth and Fact: the US/NATO War in Yugoslavia International Action Center 39 W. 14th St., #206 New York, NY 10011 (212) 633-6646 fax: (212) 633-2889 http://www.iacenter.org email: iacenter@iacenter.org REVISED April 14, 1999 The US/NATO War in Yugoslavia: 8 Myths and Facts Myth #1. The Yugoslav government agreed to the first condition, and rejected the second and third, saying they were a gross violation of their sovereignty and the independence of their country. The one breaking point that Yugoslavia refused to negotiate is that they will not allow a foreign occupying army. The only constant U.S. demand was that NATO troops must be based in Yugoslav territory. The U.S. refused to allow the Yugoslav delegation to meet with the Albanian delegation, or even to see 56 pages of the 80-page agreement. Myth #2. Reality: No Yugoslav soldiers, planes or ships are attacking another country. The conflict in Kosovo is an internal issue. Yugoslavia is a small developing country of 11 million people, being attacked by 19 countries, including the biggest military powers in the world, which have a combined population of more than half a billion people. Myth #3.

67. Yugoslavia And Kosova This official web site by yugoslavia s government, provides a bibliography of the Presidents political careers. http://www.unc.edu/courses/2000fall/hist060-001/yugoslavia.htm

Yugoslavia and Kosova Russ Baggett www.csis.org/kosovo Run by the Center for Strategic and International Studies Contains a compilation of news articles varying in particular subject, but all relating to the crisis in Kosovo. Ex Balkan reconstruction, NATO’s effectiveness, an interview with Slobodan Milosevic, chronology of events, etc www.kforonline.com Official site of NATO Kosovo Force Frequently updated site that offers press updates dealing with NATO’s actions in the region, but more importantly for this class, contains a multimedia section with maps upon maps upon maps. www.asil.org/insigh35.htm Run by the American Society of International Law Lone article that summarizes the indictment of Milosevic in plain terms, and explains the difficulties with and complexities of his case from an international standpoint (particularly relating to the charges of genocide brought against the former dictator). www.suc.org Official site of the Serbian Unity Congress Frequently updated site that offers insight into the politics and culture of the region, both historically and currently, from a Serbian perspective. Also, this site is made to operate in English as well as Serbian.

68. THIS SEARCH THIS DOCUMENT THIS CR ISSUE GO TO Next Hit Forward yugoslavia IN CRISIS (Senate January 22, 1991) But, Mr. President, the Yugoslav central government in Belgrade is clearly not committed to peaceful http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?r102:S22JA1-66:

69. THIS SEARCH THIS DOCUMENT THIS CR ISSUE GO TO Next Hit Forward He bravely filed a lawsuit against the government of yugoslavia and accused Through his brave revelations about the Yugoslav government s human rights http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?r101:E06SE9-83:

70. Federal Republic Of Yugoslavia Donors' Conference - Statement By Ambassador Kim My government expects that yugoslavia will play a constructive role for Japan’s strong support to the current Yugoslav government is reflected by http://www.seerecon.org/calendar/2001/events/frydc/statements/kimura.htm

Calendar Home Calendar FR Yugoslavia Donors' Conference FR Yugoslavia Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Donors' Conference Brussels, June 29, 2001 Statement by Ambassador Takayuki Kimura, Head of the Delegation of Japan I would like to begin my statement by expressing my sincere gratitude to the World Bank and the European Commission for their excellent preparations in hosting this conference. First of all, I should stress that my government also applauds yesterday’s transfer of the former President of Yugoslavia Mr. Slobodan Milosevic to the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY). Japan highly values this event as a firm commitment of the Yugoslav authorities to respect United Nations resolutions as well as to implement their co-operation with the international community. As a member of the international community which is willing to show responsibility to the stability and development of the rest of the world, as well as a member of the G8, we have closely following with concern situation in Southeastern Europe including Former Yugoslavia, and in the process, we extended more than 1 billion US dollars to the region in the last 10 years in support of democratization and economic reforms.

71. Armed Conflict Report 2000 - Yugoslavia 2001 A March ceasefire was agreed between the Yugoslav government and ethnic The Yugoslav government removed Kosovo=s autonomous status in 1989. http://www.ploughshares.ca/CONTENT/ACR/ACR00/ACR00-Yugoslavia.html

72. A Fine Mess and ensure that the Yugoslav government respected the Kosovars’ political, cultural, Five weeks on from the start of the bombing in yugoslavia, http://mondediplo.com/1999/05/01leader

subscribe back issues search maps ... May 1999 Contents A fine mess Nato, master of the world Apaches and Tomahawks Confederation or explosion US aims to win on all fronts ... Unequal terms of electronic trade WAR IN THE BALKANS A fine mess By Ignacio Ramonet Five weeks on from the start of the bombing in Yugoslavia, it is impossible not to be appalled at the extraordinary recklessness with which the Nato countries became involved in this latest Balkan conflict. They entered the war totally unprepared. (see article by Paul-Marie de La Gorce) and its all too predictable refusal was seen as a casus belli Like all Balkan geopolitical issues, the situation was clearly complex and had been going on for years. The search for a compromise was bound to be long and hard. That being so, the Rambouillet conference should have continued for several more weeks, especially since the few thousand OSCE (Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe) observers in Kosovo were to some extent keeping the violence against the Kosovars under control. The bombing has also had other unforeseen casualties. It has further marginalised the UN by being decided without specific authority from the Security Council. In most countries it was ordered by governments without a parliamentary vote, undermining the role of parliament. On the ground, the bombing is also affecting the Serb (and sometimes Kosovar) civilian population. A number of people have been killed through military errors and the bombing of factories and infrastructures has destroyed tens of thousands of jobs. Daily life is fast becoming a nightmare.

73. CNNfyi.com - Yugoslavia Continues Kosovo Transformation - April 25, 2001 Evaluate the recent actions of the Yugoslav government to restore peace and According to the story, what two actions did the Yugoslav government just http://cnnstudentnews.cnn.com/2001/fyi/lesson.plans/04/25/yugoslavia.kosovo/

CNNfyi.com CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web Student Pages Mainpage News Student Bureau School Tools Game Room Teacher Pages Mainpage Subject Areas Education News Teaching Tools CNN NEWSROOM More Resources Yugoslavia continues Kosovo transformation April 25, 2001 Web posted at: 7:24 PM EDT (2324 GMT) Lesson Plans by month Lesson Plans by subject Curriculum connections: social studies (world history, justice); language arts (writing reports) Students can explore the history of the Balkans and recent actions by Yugoslavia to evaluate justice for ethnic Albanians. Objectives Students will be able to Categorize the major divisions in the Balkans that have been involved in war and reasons that they have been in conflict. Report on the history of people in the troubled regions. Evaluate the recent actions of the Yugoslav government to restore peace and justice. Compare and contrast restorative and retributive justice, determining which form would work best in the conflict between Serbians and ethnic Albanians and explaining reasons for their decisions. Standards National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) Standard I: Social studies programs should include experiences that provide for the study of culture and cultural diversity.

74. News Reports over the weekend in a bid to reach agreement on a new Yugoslav government. Republic of yugoslavia forms its new, democratic, federal government. http://www.b-info.com/tools/miva/newsview.mv?url=news/2000-10/text/oct24d.rfe

75. News Reports former yugoslavia (ICTY), along with other former Yugoslav government officials Tuesday s hearing was important for yugoslavia because Belgrade has http://www.b-info.com/tools/miva/newsview.mv?url=news/2001-03/text/mar07c.rfe

76. Yugoslavia: An Incomplete Revolution| USIP Newbyte Kostunica is finding it difficult to form a Yugoslav government; and the Serbian Once a Yugoslav government is formed, Yugoslavs will be taking on the http://www.usip.org/newsmedia/releases/pre2002/nb20001017.html

U.S. INSTITUTE OF PEACE NEWSBYTE Media inquiries should be directed to the Office of Communications: Phone: 202.429.3828 E-mail: outreach@usip.org Yugoslavia: An Incomplete Revolution Although the people of Yugoslavia, in a historic show of strength and unity, have taken a momentous step towards establishing a strong and vibrant democracy, the revolution is not yet complete. What will be the priorities for the democratic opposition as Yugoslavia makes its transition from autocracy to democracy? How can the international community be supportive of these reformers in Yugoslavia? The points below are major highlights and themes that emerged from the discussion. Click here for an archived copy of the audio from the Current Issues Briefing. Milosevic is still dangerous Although out of office and seemingly unable to recover his previous hold on power, Milosevic still has the potential to inflict damage. His supporters have a strong presence in the governments of Serbia and Yugoslavia as well as in the armed forces, police, and other security services. People who loyally served the Milosevic regime still operate within the news media, an area vulnerable to reactionary efforts by Milosevic to re-exert control. Kostunica is finding it difficult to form a Yugoslav government; and the Serbian Parliament - dominated by forces outside Kostunica's Democratic Opposition of Serbia - is resisting dissolution and elections.

77. Yugoslavia Estimates $100 Billion In Damages From NATO Bombing. Peter Stavropoul The Yugoslav government has released preliminary data on the damage caused to According to Yugoslav government estimates, NATO had launched over 7000 http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/Kosovo/Kosovo-controversies56.html

Source: http://www.wsws.org/articles/1999/may1999/bomb-m20.shtml Accessed 21 May 1999 Yugoslavia estimates $100 billion in damages from NATO bombing By Peter Stavropoulos 20 May 1999 The Yugoslav government has released preliminary data on the damage caused to the country during the first 27 days of NATO's air bombing campaign. The government figures, which do not include deaths or casualties suffered by Yugoslav military personnel, give a glimpse into the widespread devastation that has been inflicted upon one of Europe's poorest countries. Despite the damage and misery suffered by the Yugoslav people during the first month of NATO's campaign, NATO has continued to intensify its bombing, utilizing more military hardware and expanding its use of bases into Turkey and even proposing to now use bases in Hungary to further expand its attacks. According to Yugoslav government estimates, NATO had launched over 7,000 attacks, including the firing of 2,000 cruise missiles and the dropping of 6,000 tons of explosives on a nation which is similar in size and population to that of the US state of Ohio. These attacks led to the deaths of nearly 500 civilians and a further 4,000 were seriously injured. Hundreds of thousands of people also face health problems after being exposed to poisonous gases as a result of the bombings. One million people were immediately confronted with water shortages due to NATO's attack on the country's water supply network.

78. The New York Review Of Books: Crackdown In Yugoslavia apparently was an attempt by hardliners in the Yugoslav government to repression in yugoslavia in their dealings with the Yugoslav government. http://www.nybooks.com/articles/5524

@import "/css/default.css"; Home Your account Current issue Archives ... Email to a friend Letter Crackdown in Yugoslavia By Adrian DeWind Aryeh Neier Charles Biblowit Russell Karp To the Editors We are lawyers and teachers of law who traveled to Yugoslavia during the last several months under the auspices of the US Helsinki Watch Committee. We went to look into, and to make known our concern about, the arrests, the physical mistreatment, and the prosecution of intellectuals of widely varying points of view who, for several years, had participated in open, publicly announced, informal living-room seminars on a wide range of topics. The attempt to punish those who had taken part in these seminars (known somewhat grandly as Belgrade's "free university") apparently was an attempt by "hard-liners" in the Yugoslav government to end the relative freedom of thought and discussion that had prevailed in Belgrade. One phase of this attempt at repression has just concluded: a trial that began last November 5, at which six men were accused of using the seminars to conspire to overthrow the Yugoslav government. It has ended with the conviction of three of them for the lesser crime of "hostile propaganda." There was no allegation that the defendants engaged in violence or advocated the use of violence; nor did they even urge political action. Nevertheless, they were sentenced to prison terms of one to two years, oddly enough considered "light" by Yugoslav standards. Two others may be tried separately later on and the charges against one were dismissed entirely. Last July, another participant in the free university seminars was tried separately and sentenced to an eight-year prison term, which was reduced on appeal to four years.

79. HRW: Yugoslavia: International Justice Required Original Message From HRW hrwatchnyc@igc.org yugoslavia International Yugoslav government officials have said that they intend to try former http://www.pili.org/lists/piln/archives/msg00716.html

PILN Public Interest Law Initiative You are here: PILI Home Mailing Lists PILN Date Index ... Thread Index HRW: Yugoslavia: International Justice Required To : undisclosed-recipients:; Subject : HRW: Yugoslavia: International Justice Required From piln@law.columbia.edu Date : Wed, 7 Feb 2001 12:17:43 -0500 (EST) Sender owner-piln@columbia.edu http://www.hrw.org/press/2001/02/icty0207.htm . For more information, please see: Serbian Government Promotes Rights Abuser (HRW Press Release, February 2, 2001) at http://www.hrw.org/press/2001/02/serbia0202.htm PILI Home Mailing Lists Date Index ... Thread Index Prev by Date: Minorities in Romania Granted Language Rights Next by Date: ILHR: Samara Environmental Activist Killed Previous by thread: Minorities in Romania Granted Language Rights Next by thread: ILHR: Samara Environmental Activist Killed

80. Workers World April 8, 1999: Lies Vs. Facts About The U.S. War On Yugoslavia The US government is demanding the full surrender of yugoslavia on terms Clinton says that the Yugoslav government is carrying out Nazilike genocide. http://www.workers.org/ww/1999/facts0408.php

Home News Around the world In the U.S. ... Donate Support anti-war, anti-racist news :: Donate now :: Email this article Printable page Email the editor Lies vs. facts about the U.S. war on Yugoslavia By Gary Wilson President Bill Clinton says that the U.S. must bomb Yugoslavia because its leader, Slobodan Milosevic, is like Hitler and must be stopped. Clinton even says that if the U.S. doesn't do this, a new world war is certain. Clinton's words are clearly meant to justify the U.S. war against little Yugoslavia. No one in the world believes that Yugoslavia is in any way a threat to the U.S. So Clinton has to say something to justify what would otherwise be seen clearly as a criminal bombing campaign by the U.S. military. But Clinton's statement is so inflammatory that it is clear he does not want any kind of negotiated settlement. The U.S. government is demanding the full surrender of Yugoslavia on terms dictated by the State Department. That's why Clinton is making such extreme statements. However, the facts do not in any way justify U.S. military action against Yugoslavia.

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