41. Urban Legends Reference Pages: Language (Life In The 1500s) Dictionary of word origins. New York Arcade Publishing, 1990. Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins. New York Facts on File, 1997. http://www.snopes.com/language/phrases/1500.htm

Life in the 1500s Claim: The numerous current sayings listed in the popular "Life in the 1500s" e-mail sprang from ordinary living conditions in that era. Status: False. Example: [Collected on the Internet, 1999] Anne Hathaway was the wife of William Shakespeare. She married at the age of 26. This is really unusual for the time. Most people married young, like at the age of 11 or 12. Life was not as romantic as we may picture it. Here are some examples: Anne Hathaway's home was a 3 bedroom house with a small parlor, which was seldom used (only for company), kitchen, and no bathroom. Mother and Father shared a bedroom. Anne had a queen sized bed, but did not sleep alone. She also had 2 other sisters and they shared the bed also with 6 servant girls. (this is before she married) They didn't sleep like we do length-wise but all laid on the bed cross-wise. At least they had a bed. The other bedroom was shared by her 6 brothers and 30 field workers. They didn't have a bed. Everyone just wrapped up in their blanket and slept on the floor. They had no indoor heating so all the extra bodies kept them warm. They were also small people, the men only grew to be about 5'6" and the women were 4'8". So in their house they had 27 people living.

42. English Word Origins English word origins. English etymology is messy stuff. Nevertheless, it is possible to trace the origins of most English words, or at least the first http://www.erasmatazz.com/library/History of Thinking/MedievalAndRenaissance/Wor

English Word Origins However, this essay concerns a particular group of words: logical conjunctions. These words connect clauses while specifying some logical relationship between the clauses. Here's a table showing the logical relationships expressed by the most common English logical conjunctions: WORD MEANING earliest quotation if if A, then B (subjunctive) and A and B or A or B thus A is true; therefore B is true so A is true; therefore B is true then if A then B (subjunctive) but A and B (B might seem to contradict A) therefore A is true; therefore B (explicitly syllogistic) nevertheless A and B (B appears to contradict A) because A is the logical consequence of B although A leads to expectation C, but in fact B results notwithstanding A and B (A appears to contradict B) however A and B (B limits the meaning of A) moreover A, with B refining the meaning of A albeit A leads to expectation C, but in fact B results otherwise if not A, then B furthermore A, with B extending the meaning of A unless if A, then not B This table reveals much about how logical thinking evolved over time. The first seven conjunctions, all predating 1000 AD (and probably in use long before the first quotation date) are very short words, which indicates their great antiquity. They also express simple logical connections. The eleven logical conjunctions coming after 1000 AD are longer, and they are compound words. Most importantly, they express more subtle logical nuances than the first seven. Interestingly, almost all of them appear in a span of just 131 years.

43. Characters Of Greek Mythology - Word Origins Mythological word origins Statue of Ceres- by Rubens, 1615. Achilles Tendon An Achilles tendon is the large tendon extending from the heel bone to the calf http://www.geocities.com/hestia624/wordorigins.html

Achilles Tendon An Achilles tendon is the large tendon extending from the heel bone to the calf muscle of the leg. This phrase comes from the great hero Achilles.  From his birth, his mother, Thetis, tried to make him immortal.  She achieved this by dipping him in the River Styx - all except the heel of his foot, which she had held him by.  During the Trojan War, he was shot in this vulnerable area by a poisoned arrow from the bow of Paris. Achilles' heel has come to mean a person's weak point. Amazon River This river was named after the women who called themselves Amazons.  The river was discovered in 1542 by a Spanish conquistador named Francisco da Orellana.  As he and his group drifted down the river for more than a year, they claimed that they were attacked by a group of female warriors. Aphrodisiac This word is derived from the Goddess of Love and Sexual Desire, Aphrodite. An aphrodisiac, of course, is a food, drug, potion, or other agent that stimulates sexual desire. Arachnid Atlas This word comes from the Titan Atlas who was punished for his part in the fight against the Olympians by holding the celestial globe on his shoulders for all eternity.  Atlas now refers to a book of maps of the world. The word atlas is also the name of the first vertebrae of the human vertebral column that the skull rests on.

44. Word Origins Lessons And Activities Activities using word origins. Two Bits Phrase Origin from Colonial Days and Where Do Languages Come From? A Lesson and Activity About word origins. http://www.geocities.com/fifth_grade_tpes/word_origins.html

Activities using word origins: 'Two Bits" - Phrase Origin from Colonial Days and fraction activity converting prices to "pieces of "eight" Election Words - Where do they come from and what do they mean? An activity with election voabulary. Where Do Languages Come From? A Lesson and Activity About Word Origins

45. The Harry Potter Fan Zone Word Origins A leading Harry Potter fan site, updated daily with the latest news and media relating to the world of Harry Potter. Filled with information, media, forums, http://www.harrypotterfanzone.com/?ID=info/origins

46. Languagehat.com: FAVORITE WORD ORIGINS. FAVORITE word origins. Via Avva comes this Guardian piece by John Simpson, chief editor of the OED, who picks his favourite words with unusual origins. http://www.languagehat.com/archives/000690.php

Main July 03, 2003 FAVORITE WORD ORIGINS. Via Avva comes this Guardian piece by John Simpson, chief editor of the OED , who picks his favourite words with unusual origins. I myself particularly like #8: to curry favour is a common idiom which embraces two linguistic 'fossils' as well as a cultural misunderstanding. The 'currying' here does not refer to the addition of spices to a dish but to the act of rubbing down a horse with a brush or comb. The idiom derives from the French 'estriller fauvel', 'to curry the chestnut horse', the horse in question, Fauvel, being a character in the French tale the 'Roman de Fauvel' (1310). In the story Fauvel, like Reynard the Fox, represents hypocrisy and duplicity. In English the unfamiliar 'Fauvel' was gradually replaced by the similar-sounding 'favour' in an idiom that came to mean 'to seek to win favour, to ingratiate oneself'. As is the case with many fossilized idioms, the fact that the transformation of 'Favel' to 'favour' made nonsense of the verb 'curry' in the context did nothing to deter usage. It's interesting to learn that hobbit "has since turned up in one of those 19th-century folklore journals, in a list of long-forgotten words for fairy-folk or little people"; when will they get around to adding this to the online OED entry?

47. Word Origins, Satire, Dirty Poems, Puns, Slang Curse Words Bawdy Language The word origins of curse words, sex slang words and profanity. A collection of sexual satire, puns, parody, dirty poems, quotes, http://www.bawdylanguage.com/home.shtml

Join in! Bawdy and Soul Bawdy Politic Save our curse words. Join the war on obscenity at the Bawdy Manifesto Bawdy Count Use crude, rude humor? Take the Talking dirty survey Bawdy of Knowledge Read the rules and play the Game of sexual puns, Bawdy Beautiful with others on the Forum Bawdy Builders Visit our Links Sexual Dictionaries Browse our Library for books on the etymology of sexual slang, Bawdy Bares All Catch dirty poetry in action in the Bawdy Review Free Bonus satiresearch tickertape Update 1,000,000+ visitors over 5 years, but closing soon. Visit wordwithyou.com while you can! W elcome to Bawdy Language , a sexual reference book like no other. Featuring a wide-ranging survey of rude, profane, dirty, naughty and taboo language, dirty sex talk and toilet humor to help you express the inexpressible. Learn to talk dirty, yet command respect! More than just a catalogue of dirty words and phrases, more than just a comprehensive dictionary of sexual slang, it's several books in one - a history of sex, the origins of curse words, sexual satire and parody, a personal body manual, a collection of dirty poems and quotes, a social commentary, and a tasteful but biting editorial statement against the forces of restraint and convention. In summary, a delightful mix of Eric Partridge, Lenny Bruce and Monty Python for scholars and lay people alike.

48. Accord Publishing -- Word Origins Calendar The Word Origin Calendar ™. Words, Cliches, Expressions, and Brand Names into the origin and development of the colorful words and phrases we all use. http://www.accordpublishing.com/word/word.htm

The Word Origin Calendar Words, Cliches, Expressions, and Brand Names 2005 Calendar Ever wondered where everyday words, expressions, and brand names come from such as "beatnik," "bring home the bacon," "cold feet," and "Twinkie "? If so, this is the calendar for you! Each day offers entertaining insight into the origin and development of the colorful words and phrases we all use. This calendar is out of stock at Accord Publishing, but you may still be able to find a copy at your local retailer. ISBN: 1-57939-191-5 Price: $10.99 Daily, 5-3/8" x 5-5/8" Back to the Calendars index page Back to the ... home page

49. Sicilian Culture: Mafia Word Origins Mafia word origins. The word Mafia became known throughout Italy for the According to Cesareo, the word is of Arabic origin, but Pitré does not agree. http://www.sicilianculture.com/mafia/mafiawords.htm

Sicilian Culture sicilianculture.com Please support this site by shopping at Mafia Word Origins "The word Mafia became known throughout Italy for the first time in 1863, when a Sicilian writer, Giuseppe Rizzotto [sicaccording to Hess, Rizzotti e Mosca, 2], wrote a play entitled "I Mafiusi di La Vicaria" which went through 2,000 performances, over a period of 23 years, of which 34 in the Italian language, in Rome alone, in 1884. "According to Gaetano Mosca, the word mafia cannot be found in any Sicilian dictionary before 1868, when it was entered as a neologism in Traina's "Sicilian-Italian Dictionary."In another dictionary, Mortillaro's, published in 1878, the word is said to be of Piedmontese origin and to be synonymous with camorra. However, this is not correct. "The adjective mafiusu (mafioso, in Italian) has been common in Sicily for at least two hundred yers. Cesareo, the poet, found the following verses in an eighteenth century manuscript: Quannu vinisti vui, piciotta bedda tutta la briaria si ribiddau chi l'anncilu, bedd' ancilu purtau.

50. Word Origins Books And Articles - Research Word Origins At Questia word origins Scholarly books and articles on word origins at Questia, world s largest online library and research service. Subscribe now and do better http://www.questia.com/library/communication/word-origins.jsp

51. English-Online.Net Category Browser Category Dictionaries and Translation / word origins Please click to rate a link! Word Sleuth, Ressources related to origins of words. Unknown http://www.english-online.net/eolweb/viewcategorylinks.asp?parent_category=21&ca

52. Cogprints - The Origin Of Words: A Psychophysical Hypothesis Harnad, Stevan (1996) The Origin of Words A Psychophysical Hypothesis, Keywords, word origins, symbolic representation, symbol grounding, meaning, http://cogprints.org/1602/

@import url(http://cogprints.org/eprints.css); @import url(http://cogprints.org/eprints.css); @import url(http://cogprints.org/print.css); Cogprints Home About by Year by Subject ... Help The Origin of Words: A Psychophysical Hypothesis Harnad, Stevan The Origin of Words: A Psychophysical Hypothesis , in Velichkovsky, B. and Rumbaugh, D. , Eds. Communicating Meaning: Evolution and Development of Language , pages NJ:Erlbaum Full text available as: HTML Abstract It is hypothesized that words originated as the names of perceptual categories and that two forms of representation underlying perceptual categorization iconic and categorical representations served to ground a third, symbolic, form of representation. The third form of representation made it possible to name and describe our environment, chiefly in terms of categories, their memberships, and their invariant features. Symbolic representations can be shared because they are intertranslatable. Both categorization and translation are approximate rather than exact, but the approximation can be made as close as we wish. This is the central property of that universal mechanism for sharing descriptions that we call natural language. Keywords: word origins, symbolic representation, symbol grounding, meaning, underdetermination, translation

53. Iroquois Creation Story - Word Origins word origins and Pronunciation. The word I used most often is Haudenoshaunee. That is the accepted ENGLISH (phonetic) spelling of the word meaning the http://collections.ic.gc.ca/curriculum/iroquois/origin.htm

Digital Collections Word Origins and Pronunciation The word I used most often is Haudenoshaunee. That is the accepted ENGLISH (phonetic) spelling of the word meaning the Iroquois of the Confederacy. To spell it in the language is to spell it Hotinon:shonni - I chose not to use it because it would be difficult for some people to pronounce. In the Mohawk language it is spelled and pronounced as Rotinon:shonni. These three words all mean the same thing. The first use of the word, Haudenoshaunee, is pronounced as it is spelled. I also made use of the word Kanienkehaka - that means people of the flint, or Mohawk. I have only seen it spelled in Mohawk I have never seen an English (phonetic) version of the word. Although, if I were to do so, I would spell it, Ganiengehaga. Now, Kanienkeha, a shorter word, means the place of the Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte or Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory (same place). If spelled according to English sounds, it would look like this: Ganiengeha. Iroquois is arguably a French word meaning something approximate to snake people, or snake eaters. It is a word chosen by other people long ago to describe us. I have used Mohawk and Confederacy words in this unit, as they are accurate and relevant, and are how we are referred to day. However, the difference must be shown between the English words that have been used to describe us in the past (and present), and our own words for our own people. These were the words used before contact, and have survived since contact with Europeans. Students need to know the difference as any research they may do now or in the future will depend on the various names they know for the Haudenoshaunee.

54. February Word Origins QPB Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins By Robert Hendrickson. October Source Dictionary of word origins by John Ayto. December. http://www.unm.edu/~dave/words/months.html

Months of the Year January. This month was named after the Roman god Janus. Who had two faces, one looking back and the other looking forward. Fitting for the first month of the year. February. This month was named for februa meaning month of purification and offerings. March. This month was named after the Roman god of war Mars. September When the Romans introduced the Julian calendar, they retained several month names from their old Roman calendar, despite the fact that these months no longer had the same position on the calendar. Thus, September, once the Roman seventh month of the year, deriving from the Latin septem, " seven", remained as the ninth month of the year. QPB Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins By Robert Hendrickson October Latin, the ninth month of the primitive Roman calendar, which began in March, fr. octo eight: cf.F. Octobre. The tenth month of the year, containing thirty-one days. Ale or cider made in that month. The country gentlemen had a posset or drink they called October.

55. Word Origins of the Feeble Minded from the name of a foolish character in Moliere s play La Princesse d Elide . Source QPB Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins http://www.unm.edu/~dave/words/moron.html

Moron This is the only word to be voted into the English language. It is the scientific designation for a feeble minded person. It was adapted in 1910 by the American Association for the Study of the Feeble Minded from the name of a foolish character in Moliere's play "La Princesse d'Elide". Source: QPB Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins Please send submissions to dave@unm.edu Back to the Word Origin Page

56. Genealogy Resources On The Internet - Translations And Word TRANSLATIONS AND word origins MAILING LISTS. URL http//www.rootsweb. com/~jfuller/gen_mail_trans.html. Last update July 20, 2005 by John Fuller, http://www.rootsweb.com/~jfuller/gen_mail_trans.html

Mailing Lists Usenet Newsgroups Telnet Sites Gopher Sites ... Email sites TRANSLATIONS AND WORD ORIGINS MAILING LISTS URL: http://www.rootsweb.com/~jfuller/gen_mail_trans.html Last update: July 20, 2005 by John Fuller, Register Resource Update Resource Report a Broken Link DECIPHER (deciphering handwriting) germantranslation (translation of modern documents from German to English and vice versa) HessenGenWeb (Hessen and predecessors such as Hessen-Darmstadt, Hessen-Kassel, Hessen-Nassau, Kurhessen, and Rheinhessen) LATIN-WORDS (deciphering/interpreting Latin documents) NICKNAMES (origins of nicknames and names they belong to) OLD-ENGLISH (deciphering/interpreting old English documents) OLD-FRENCH (deciphering/interpreting French documents) OLD-GERMAN (deciphering/interpreting German documents) OLD-RUSSIAN (deciphering/interpreting Russian documents) OLD-WORDS (old words, phrases, names, abbreviations, and antique jargon useful to genealogy) PolishLessons (translating Polish documents) TRACUCCION (Spanish to English and English to Spanish translations) TRANSLATIONS (those who can help or need help in document translation) WORDS (English-English/American-English phrases and how they might have originated) DECIPHER . A mailing list for deciphering handwriting associated with genealogical documents. Any subscriber may post a link to an online image requesting assistance with deciphering the document. This list is also used to post  requests for help in deciphering records for the Kentucky Vital Records project. To subscribe send "subscribe" to

57. Curious Word Origins ( Main Index) Curious word origins. Common words with uncommon beginnings. Many everyday words have strange and surprising etymologies. Here are just a few of them. http://users.tinyonline.co.uk/gswithenbank/curious.htm

Curious Word Origins Common words with uncommon beginnings Many everyday words have strange and surprising etymologies. Here are just a few of them. ~ Main Index Use this alphabet if you just want to simply browse through the pages of this collection: A B C D ... W X Y Z If you prefer to go straight to the meaning and origin of a specific word, click on its relevant entry in the alphabetical list below. Use this alphabet to speed up your search: A B C D ... Z A abacus abracadbra acre acrobat ... avocado B backstairs ball ballyhoo baloney ... bumf C cab cabal Cabinet calendar ... cynic D daft dashboard deadline denim ... dollar E earmark eavesdrop etiquette explode F fan fanatic fascist fiasco ... frogmarch G Gadarene giddy gingerly gobbledegook ... grotesque H haggard handicap hazard hearse ... hunch I iconoclast ignoramus J jeans junk K kamikaze kidnap king L lackadaisical loophole M maelstrom magazine malaria manure ... money N nabob nepotism nice nightmare ... nipper O odyssey P pandemonium pants paraphernalia pedigree ... pundit Q quack quarantine quintessence quiz R rigmarole robot S sabotage sanguine scapegoat shambles ... swashbuckler T taboo tank teetotal titan ... tycoon U umpire umpteen upstage V vandal vaudeville W wimp windfall X (None yet) Y Yank, Yankee

58. Curious Word Origins (T-U-V) English authorities date the word to 1833 and credit it to Richard Turner, Its origin was umpty , signallers slang for a dash when reading Morse code; http://users.tinyonline.co.uk/gswithenbank/curioust.htm

Curious Word Origins ~ T ~ taboo forbidden This was originally a Tongan word which came into English as a result of the Pacific explorations of Captain Cook in the 18th century. It meant something consecrated for and restricted to a specific purpose, especially a sacred one, and therefore untouchable and banned from general use. The system of prohibition, social as well as religious, extended throughout Polynesia and applied to many aspects of behaviour, including certain actions, food, words and contact with others. In its modern use taboo remains a strong word, but usually carries no religious implications. tank armoured and armed combat-vehicle Invented by Colonel Ernest Swinton in 1914 and first used in the late stages of the Battle of the Somme in 1916, this vehicle was initially a secret weapon; a codename had to be found for it that would mislead any spy, especially when it was being moved through France. From a list of possible codenames that included 'reservoir' and 'cistern', tank was chosen and has remained. The original intention was to give the impression that it was a bulk water-carrier.

59. CogSci-Szeged99: Re: Harnad1 Word Origins Harnad, S. (1996) The Origin of Words A Psychophysical Hypothesis In So my hypothesis about the origin of words is really a hypothesis http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~harnad/Hypermail/CogSci-Szeged99/0012.html

Re: Harnad1 Word Origins From: Csak Laszlo ( csak@mars.arts.u-szeged.hu Date: Wed Dec 08 1999 - 08:31:49 GMT Next message: Stevan Harnad: "Re: Wilkins Neurolinguistic Preconditions" Previous message: Gervain Judit: "Wilkins Neurolinguistic Preconditions" Maybe in reply to: Stacho Laszlo Pal: "Harnad1 Word Origins" Next in thread: Stevan Harnad: "Re: Harnad1 Word Origins" Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] > Velichkovsky B & Rumbaugh, D. (Eds.) " Communicating Meaning: Yesterday some of us questioned whether dance is a language or not. I think we should refer to our debate here. In my view, the principle feature of all languages is that they can express what we mean, e.g. our thoughts. It is for this reason that we have to mention thinking here. One`s thoughts can easily be divided into groups, for example, judgements, sentiments, emotions, excitations, etc.(All right, this is an old-fashioned categorisation.) These are the thoughts one can will to express precisely. But we all know that there are different ways to express one`s thoughts. For example: the dance.

60. KryssTal : Borrowed Words In English The origin of words and names (people and places). Brief descriptions with many 0192830988. Chambers Dictionary of Etymology contains more word origins. http://www.krysstal.com/borrow.html

The English Language Words Borrowed from Other Languages The English language has an enormous amount of words that have been borrowed (or loaned) from other languages. This is a collection of tables listing words from the many languages that have contributed words to English. For some languages the word list is complete; for others (French, Greek, Latin, Arabic, Spanish) only a selection of borrowed words is given as there are so many. Languages are listed in alphabetical order. Click on a letter link below to find a language. Click the link to go to a table of words borrowed into English from that language. There is a brief explanation for most words and the original literal meaning if appropriate. A B C D ... Z Alternatively you can perform a search on the complete list of borrowed words by language, type of word, continent or language family. Searches on individual words are also possible. Please note that some word derivations are disputed by etymologists. A Afrikaans An Indo-European language spoken in South Africa and Namibia apartheid commando slim trek Akkadian The extinct Language of the Assyrian and Babylonian Empires in Mesopotamia (the modern day Iraq ). The language is a member of the

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

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