21. Defenders Of Wildlife Condemns Endangered Species Listing Moratorium Animals such as the wolverine, the cerulean warbler, wolves in the southern Rocky of wildlife is currently seeking listing under the ESA the wolverine, http://www.defenders.org/releases/pr2000/pr112200.html

November 22, 2000 Contact: newsroom@defenders.org Defenders of Wildlife Condemns Endangered Species Listing Moratorium Washington, DC – The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the U.S. Congress have "engineered a phony budget shortfall" that FWS claims will prevent it from considering new species for protection under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), according to Defenders of Wildlife President Rodger Schlickeisen. An internal memorandum from FWS Director Jamie Clark ordered the service’s field offices to immediately stop work on any new endangered species listings through September 30, 2001, citing budget pressures. "The FWS has the money available to do what they must under the law, but Congress and the Service engineered a phony budget shortfall to try to shirk some of those duties. There are wildlife species in dire trouble right now that don’t have time for these budget gymnastics. Animals such as the wolverine, the cerulean warbler, wolves in the southern Rocky Mountains, the New England cottontail rabbit, and other species are the real losers in this bureaucratic game, along with the hundreds of thousands of Americans who’ve fought to protect them," said Schlickeisen. The FWS claims that lawsuits over designation of "critical habitat" for endangered species have left it without the resources to consider new species for listing as "endangered" or "threatened." In its budget request for FY2000, however, the FWS asked for a low cap of $1,000,000 on activities to designate critical habitat, despite existing and potential court orders that would require FWS to significantly exceed that amount. Furthermore, the Service has a budget of more than $122 million for work on overall ESA issues, much of which should be available to do the core work of listing species.

22. Hinterland Who's Who - Wolverine The wolverine has been described as the fiercest creature on earth. Canadian wildlife Service, Environment Canada. Hash, HS 1987. wolverine. http://www.hww.ca/hww2.asp?id=108

23. Hinterland Who's Who - Mammal Fact Sheets Canadian wildlife Service, Environment Canada. Hash, HS 1987. wolverine. Copyright © 2003 Canadian wildlife Service Canadian wildlife Federation. http://www.hww.ca/hww2p.asp?id=108&cid=0

24. The Wolverine Foundation - Research, Jeffrey Copeland - Glacier National Park Wo The NPS has an obligation under the Organic Act to protect wildlife, includingwolverine, unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations . http://www.wolverinefoundation.org/research/glacier.htm

Glacier National Park Wolverine Population Assessment Study Proposal If you would like to help provide funding for this project, please send your tax deductible contribution to The Wolverine Foundation, Inc. 9450 S. Black Cat Road Kuna, ID 83634-1118 In your correspondence, please specify that your contribution be directed to the "Glacier Wolverine Project" Primary Contact/Project Leader: Jeffrey P. Copeland Wildlife Research Biologist USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station 800 E. Beckwith Missoula, Montana, USA 59801 Co-Founding Director, The Wolverine Foundation, Inc. E-Mail: jpcopeland@fs.fed.us Abstract A paucity of information on the basic ecology of wolverine ( Gulo gulo ), the potential listing of the wolverine as a threatened or endangered species, and impending construction projects that may impact wolverine make it imperative that research be undertaken to provide the scientific foundation for managing wolverine in Glacier National Park. This 3-year project will employ both conventional and satellite telemetry to monitor the movements and activity of wolverine, with a focus on the reproductive ecology of female wolverine. Efforts will also be made to document the distribution and movements of wolverine and to identify those sites most critical to the species. Introduction Problem statement Background: Glacier National Park is a core component of the biologically rich Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem, and has been characterized as a refuge for wolverine, serving as a source for dispersers into surrounding areas of the Northern Rockies (Ruggiero, et al, 2000; Newby and Wright, 1955). Wolverine in Glacier may serve as a genetic storehouse for the Northern Rockies, and as part of a keystone population for wolverine in Montana.

25. The Wolverine Foundation - Main Page in the wolverine s status and ecological role in the world wildlife community.It is a nonprofit foundation comprised of leading wildlife scientists http://www.wolverinefoundation.org/

"Picture a weasel and most of us can do that, for we have met that little demon of destruction, that small atom of insensate courage, that symbol of slaughter, sleeplessness, and tireless, incredible activity picture that scrap of demoniac fury, multiply that mite some fifty times, and you have the likeness of a Wolverine." Ernest Thompson Seton, 1909 The wolverine ( Gulo gulo ) earned its place in North American folklore long before north-country trappers and a few over-zealous naturalists began to spin tales of a beast of great ferocity, cunning, and extraordinary strength. Indian mythology describes the wolverine as a trickster-hero, and a link to the spirit world. Still, even today the wolverine remains largely a mystery. The Wolverine Foundation, Inc. was formed in 1996 to promote interest in the wolverine's status and ecological role in the world wildlife community. It is a non-profit foundation comprised of leading wildlife scientists knowledgeable in the life history, ecology, and management of one of the least understood and most fascinating creatures on earth. The Wolverine Foundation, Inc.

26. Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem - National Wildlife Federation The greater Yellowstone ecosystem provides unique homes for wildlife speciesranging from Primarily nocturnal but active at any time, the wolverine is http://www.nwf.org/yellowstone/index.cfm?photo=5

27. Wolverine Earns Frequent Walker Miles - National Wildlife Magazine Brent Brock of the wildlife Conservation Society, told a Billings Gazettereporter. In one 19day stint, the wolverine made a round-trip of 256 miles http://www.nwf.org/nationalwildlife/article.cfm?issueID=73&articleID=1033

28. Wolverine wolverine Stride wolverines have a reputation larger than life, but they areimpressive weasels by any wildlife in Danger Wolf Management Plan http://wildlife.state.co.us/Education/mammalsguide/wolverine.asp

Personalize Site / Sign up for DOW Insider WOLVERINE W olverines have a reputation larger than life, but they are impressive weasels by any W olverines are mammals of the dense forest, in both North America and Eurasia. In Colorado, historical and recent reports show nearly all wolverines are from higher elevations, in areas of heavy timber. However, wolverines may follow their considerable appetite into open country. B y day, wolverines rest in an informal den beneath a boulder or windthrown tree. By night they wander to eat rodents and carrion. Occasionally they may eat weakened deer or other large prey, especially when bogged in deep snow. Wolverines are legendary marauders of the North, renowned for their strength, cunning and viciousness. Pound for pound, they are probably no stronger than the next weasel. "Cunning" and "vicious" are terms best reserved for people. People can be cunning and vicious. Wolverines probably are just hungry and quite capable of satisfying it. W olverines breed during the warmer months. Embryos implant in January. Two to four young are born in late March or early April. Growth of the blind, toothless newborns is rapid, and they will be half-grown when they disperse in autumn.

29. Wolverine Clearinghouse Petition for a rule to list the wolverine (Gulo gulo luscus) as Petition tothe US Dept. of the Interior, US Fish and wildlife Service, July 11, 2000 http://www.predatorconservation.org/predator_info/Forest_Clearinghouse/Wolverine

Wolverine Clearinghouse Click tracks for more information on specific titles, or download a literature summary of these articles in pdf format (30 pgs). If you can't view PDFs, get the free Adobe Acrobat Reader - Now Click Tracks for More Info Last Name First Name Title Date Publication Bachman, Gadwa, Groves D, G, C A winter survey for wolverines (Gulo gulo) on the Sawtooth and Challis National Forests, Idaho. Idaho Dep of Fish and Game, July 1990 Banci Vivian Wolverine. Pp. 99-127 in L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, L.J. Lyon, and W.J. Zielinski, tech eds. The scientific basis for conserving forest carnivores: American marten, fisher, lynx, and wolverine in the western United States. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-254 Biodiversity Legal Foundation, Predator Conservation Alliance Petition for a rule to list the wolverine (Gulo gulo luscus) as threatened or endangered uder the Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq. (1973 as amend) within the contiguous United States. Petition to the U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, July 11, 2000

30. Citations Ecology of the wolverine in northwestern Montana. Journal of wildlife Management.44, 3 12861301. Jakimchuk, RD (Ed.). 1974. Mammal Studies in Northern http://www.predatorconservation.org/predator_info/Forest_Clearinghouse/Wolverine

Click here to see Buecking's paper in its entirety. Citations Butts, T. 1992. Wolverine ( Gulo gulo) Gulo gulo luscus Gulo gulo) Krott, P. 1959. Demon of the north. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. New York. Gulo gulo populations. Lutra 31: 21-28.

31. Studio Wolverine Nature Photography, Articles And Art-work Nature and wildlife photography worldwide, specialised in mammals and closeups . wolverine, world s largest mustelid and a symbol of the last pure http://www.studiowolverine.com/

Our Studio supplies top quality wildlife and nature photography and illustrations, from stock or on asignment for the advertising and edditorial markets worldwide. With our knowledge of the subjects we cover, we are an experienced team that likes to carry out photographic projects. Produces articles as well as complete features. Wolverine , world's largest mustelid and a symbol of the last pure wilderness. An animal that lives solitairy. And it controles indefatigable an immense habitat, avoiding civilisation. An example of power and endurance. Our passion for nature and the character of our work cannot better be imagined than by the Wolverine

32. Wolverine Information And Links wildlife, wildlife Search. wolverine Information Links No Listings Returnto wildlife Search Home Page (New Window) Return to wildlife Search Home Page http://www.wildlifesearch.com/wolverine.htm

Wildlife Search Wolverine Information Links Wildlife Search Home Kritters in the Mailbox Kritter Cards Tell a Friend about Wildlife Search Wolverine Info Links No Listings: Return to Wildlife Search Home Page (New Window) Return to Wildlife Search Home Page Other Kritter Sites Kritters in the Mailbox An online store featuring animal gift and merchandise items. Free Kritter Cards Send Free animal related postcards from the Kritter Cards site, with a selection of over 100 animal categories! Animal Posters Kritter Posters for animal themed posters to match your Kritter decor! Interesting Animal Facts Kritter Facts gives you interesting facts about your favorite animal. Thank you for visiting our Wolverine Information Links Page!

33. NWT Wildlife And Fisheries - Wolverine The wolverine’s dense fur, with long guard hairs that do not ice up in winter,is highly prized The wolverine receives no special protection in the NWT. http://www.nwtwildlife.rwed.gov.nt.ca/Publications/speciesatriskweb/wolverine.ht

NWT Wolverine Gulo gulo Canadian Status: SPECIAL CONCERN (western population) Description Distribution Population Size and Trends Habitat ... Recovery Description The wolverine is the largest member of the mustelid family (otters, weasels, etc.) in North America. This squat, powerfully-muscled animal resembles a small, flattened bear. Wolverines are dark brown with a light grayish forehead and a pale stripe running from the shoulders along each side and crossing the rump. The wolverine’s dense fur, with long guard hairs that do not ice up in winter, is highly prized for trimming parkas. Their large paws help them move on top of crusted snow. A wolverine has a dark bushy tail, a broad rounded head, small eyes and ears. Males average 1.2 meters in length and 0.5 meters in height at the shoulder. An average male weighs about 15 kilograms. Females are smaller, averaging about 0.9 metres in length and weighing about 10 kilograms. Distribution Historically, wolverines ranged throughout most of North America.

34. NWT Wildlife And Fisheries - Wolverine Map Current Range of Wolverines in the NWT. The user agrees to the Terms of Use ofthe Government of the Northwest Territories Site last updated Thursday, http://www.nwtwildlife.rwed.gov.nt.ca/Publications/speciesatriskweb/wolverinemap

Current Range of Wolverines in the NWT The user agrees to the Terms of Use of the Government of the Northwest Territories Site last updated Thursday, June 23, 2005

35. Animal Lover Gifts - Wildlife T Shirts, Stuffed Animals, Mouse Pads wildlife t shirt. wolverine TShirt. bobcat tracks. Mystery Carnivores. Can youidentify these two little carnivores hiding behind this tree? http://www.wildcarnivore.com/

Gifts for animal lovers - wildlife tee shirts, bird t shirts, stuffed animals and more! Our bird and wildlife t shirts, animal mouse pads, stuffed animals and other wild items make the perfect animal lover gift. We strive to bring you unusual animal gifts, like wolf boxer shorts and bear smart playing cards . If you have an animal lover on your Christmas gift list, this is the place for you! Check our Carnivore Info page to learn more about the wild carnivores, including the complete carnivore family list . Learn about the Pampas fox on our Species in the Spotlight page, or connect to conservation groups through our carnivore links. Help conservation with your purchase of selected items! Free fact sheets sent with each order, so you can learn more about the animal. FREE shipping for North American orders over $100.00. Come on into the den... Bird t shirts Gorgeous silk screened t shirts featuring eagles, owls and hawks. Help eagle researchers in the Rocky Mountains. See our Birds of Prey page for details.

36. Animal Lover Gifts - Wildlife T Shirts, Stuffed Skunk, Mouse Pads wolverine t shirt. The ultimate symbol of our wild areas! This ever cautiouswolverine pauses to check his surroundings and see what s to eat. http://www.wildcarnivore.com/weasel_family.htm

The Mustelidae, or Weasel, Family is found worldwide except for Australia and Antarctica. Their body form is long and slender with short legs. They can be found in every type of habitat from Arctic tundra to tropical rainforest, and in both salt and fresh water. They are characterised by the presence of anal glands that produce a thick, oily powerful smelling liquid called musk. This liquid is used for scent marking and defence. Wolverine T Shirt The ultimate symbol of our wild areas! This ever cautious wolverine pauses to check his surroundings and see what's to eat. T shirt also shows track marks, so you can have a look for them next time you're in the woods! 100% preshrunk cotton, ash colour tee. 10% of all profits to The Wolverine Foundation. Adult sizes M, L, XL Item MT002 $15.00 US Add to Cart Adult size XXL Item MT002X $16.75 US Add to Cart Our top seller for six years running! Stuffed Animals Sea Otter and Pup They don't come any cuter than this - a mother holding her pup close to keep him safe! Mother is 17", pup is 6 1/2". Item MS003 $24.00 US Add to Cart FACTOID: This family contains the smallest carnivore species. The least weasel weighs only about 1.4 ounces, and measures about 8" long. Weasels eat about 33% of their own weight each day, which is the equivalent of a man eating 15 chickens!

37. National Wildlife: The Wanderer: What Drives The Wolverine's Seemingly Insatiabl Full text of the article, The wanderer what drives the wolverine s seeminglyinsatiable need to stay on the go? Cover Story from National wildlife, http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1169/is_n6_v35/ai_19992854

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles National Wildlife Oct-Nov 1997 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Related Searches Wolverines / Behavior Idaho / Natural history Featured Titles for ASA News ASEE Prism Academe African American Review ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports The wanderer: what drives the wolverine's seemingly insatiable need to stay on the go? - Cover Story National Wildlife Oct-Nov, 1997 by Stephen Stuebner Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. From the window of a low-flying Cessna, Jeff Copeland spied a set of wolverine tracks leading over a 10,000-foot pass in the high peaks of the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness. A gentle grin creased his face as he looked over at the pilot, shaking his head slowly. Once again, the mysterious behavior of the wolverine hits the research wildlife biologist in the gut. "It never ceases to amaze me when I'm flying and I see a set of tracks in the snow in the highest, most rugged country in the wilderness," Copeland says. "What in the world is that creature doing up there?"

38. Refuges Text Version National wildlife Refuge. wildlife. wolverine (Gulo gulo). Photo wolverine.wolverines are among the least understood large carnivores in North America http://alaska.fws.gov/internettv/nwrtv/togiaktv/wildlife/wolverines.htm

Department of Interior Overview Fast Facts Refuge Calendar Refuge Features Photos Who We Are Welcome Office Directory Work With Us What We Do Biological Projects Public Use Commercial Permits Refuge Planning Wildlife/Wild Lands Wildlife Wild Lands Visiting the Refuge Access ... Map (pdf) Search Alaska FWS Graphic Version Togiak Peninsula National Wildlife Refuge Wildlife Wolverine ( Gulo gulo Photo: Wolverine Wolverines are among the least understood large carnivores in North America and are the largest land-dwelling members of the weasel family. Most wolverines weigh between 15 and 45 pounds, and stand 15 to 18 inches tall at the shoulder. Females are smaller than males. Their coats are glossy dark brown with two pale lateral stripes converging at the base of the tail. Wolverine heads are gray with black muzzles, short ears, and dark eyes. They have a low-slung body with powerful legs and large, curved claws. Wolverines are best described as scavenging predators . They will consume the remains of moose and caribou killed by other predators or factors. On Togiak Refuge, wolverines probably prey mostly on

39. Alaska Refuges Tetlin- Text Page National wildlife Refuge. wildlife. wolverine (Gulo gulo). Photo wolverine. J.Cain. ADFG. wolverines are among the least understood large carnivores in http://alaska.fws.gov/internettv/nwrtv/tetlintv/wildlife/wolverine.htm

Department of Interior Tetlin National Wildlife Refuge Wildlife Wolverine ( Gulo gulo Photo: Wolverine. J. Cain. ADFG. Wolverines are among the least understood large carnivores in North America and the largest land-dwelling member of the weasel family. Most wolverines weigh 15 to 45 pounds and stand 15 to 18 inches at the shoulder. Females are smaller than males. Their coats are glossy dark brown with two pale lateral stripes converging at the base of the tail. Wolverine heads are gray with black muzzles, short ears, and dark eyes. They are described as having a low-slung body with powerful legs and large, curved claws. Wolverines are omnivorous (eat both meat and plants) and will eat anything from berries to moose . They also feed on small mammals such as voles squirrels , and hares . Although they are very strong for their size, their reputation for ferocious attacks on large carnivores has been exaggerated. They will vigorously defend their food, but do tend to avoid bears, wolves, and other large predators. Wolverines are solitary hunters and roam large areas in search of food. Breeding occurs May through July and the kits are born in January through April. Kits emerge from their dens, usually in snow caves, hollow stumps, or under rock piles, in early summer and remain with their mother until fall.

40. Wildlife And The Endangered Species Act This wolverine was photographed in the North Cascades by a remote camera set a petition to the US Fish and wildlife Service asking that the wolverine be http://www.ecosystem.org/wildlife/wolverine_release.html

THE ESA RESOURCES WILDLIFE MEDIA RELEASE For immediate release: July 31, 2003 Contact: Tim Preso, Earthjustice Legal Defense Fund, (406) 586-9699 Joe Scott, Northwest Ecosystem Alliance (360) 671-9950 Endangered Species Determination Due For Wolverine Court settlement sets October 15 deadline for initial finding Government biologists must make an initial determination whether the wolverine should be protected under the Endangered Species Act by October 15, 2003 under a legal settlement announced today by conservationists. The settlement, which was approved yesterday (July 30, 2003) by a Montana federal court, jump starts a process under federal law that could yield new legal protections for one of the rarest wilderness wildlife species in the lower-48 states. This wolverine was photographed in the North Cascades by a remote camera set up by NWEA volunteers. The largest member of the weasel family, the wolverine is a bear cub-sized forest predator that persists in small numbers in the last remaining big wilderness areas of the lower-48 states. The powerful and ferocious wolverine once ranged across the northernmost states from Maine to Washington, and south as far as the mountainous regions of New York, Arizona, New Mexico, and California. Although sporadic, unconfirmed wolverine reports continue in Oregon and California, today the wolverine is known to exist only in the northern Cascades of Washington and the Rocky Mountains of Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.

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