21. Recent Welfare Reform Research Findings, 1/30/04 Research using data from the initial years of welfare reform (1996 and 1998) Cynthia Miller, “Leavers, Stayers, and Cyclers analysis of the welfare http://www.cbpp.org/1-30-04wel.htm

January 30, 2004 RECENT WELFARE REFORM RESEARCH FINDINGS Implications for TANF Reauthorization and State TANF Policies By Shawn Fremstad PDF of analysis View Related Reports More Topics... Back to Home Page - Publications by Subject - Press Room -Special Report Series About the Center - Board of Directors - Internship Programs - Job Opportunities - Staff Bios Join E-Mail List Donate to the Center If you cannot access the files through the links, right-click on the underlined text, click "Save Link As," download to your directory, and open the document in Adobe Acrobat Reader. This paper summarizes some of the key research findings from recent welfare reform research — primarily research released in the last year — and discusses the policy implications of these findings. Key findings from this new set of research include: Recent families that have left welfare are less likely to have jobs than prior TANF “leavers. Poverty rates among families that leave TANF are very high and remain high over time. Families that lose TANF cash assistance because of sanctions or time limits are more likely to experience hardship than families that leave for other reasons (such as getting a job). Many families receiving TANF include members who are disabled or have other serious health problems that have a negative impact on their employment and earnings ... Provisions in the 1996 welfare law that made many legal immigrants ineligible for various public benefits have led to increased hardship among immigrant families Current TANF proposals that are pending in Congress would do little to address most of these challenges. When the Senate takes up TANF reauthorization, it should take these recent research findings into account and ensure that states have the resources and flexibility to address these issues.

22. Andrew Mitchell-Thinking Cap Consulting Andrew Mitchell provides quantitative and qualitative research, policy analysis, and advocacy in areas such as welfare reform, workfare, income security, and unemployment. http://www.thinkingcapconsulting.com

Clients and Projects Publications Links Contact Thinking Cap Consulting is Andrew Mitchell , a professional social policy researcher with significant expertise in quantitative and qualitative research, policy analysis, advocacy and public education. In that time Andrew has conducted research and policy analysis in the areas of fiscal policy, income security, employment and unemployment for a wide variety of clients. Andrew is the author of numerous publications, including chapters in externally published books and articles in refereed journals. Andrew is frequently consulted by the media for research and commentary on public policy and economic trends and regularly makes presentations on a variety of topics before diverse audiences including government committees, conferences, community groups, students and academics. Andrew Mitchell 21 Vine Crescent, Barrie, ON, L4N 2B3 telephone: 705.792.9981 andrew.mitchell4@sympatico.ca

23. National Center For Policy Analysis - Welfare Issues welfare reform And The Death Of Marriage, Mammas, Absent Papas, Of welfarereform, Opponents Deny Its Success, From Entitlement to Work http://www.ncpa.org/iss/wel/

Policy Issues NCPA Publications Both Sides Opinion Editorials ... FOR THE MEDIA Aid To Families With Dependent Children (Pre-1996 Program) ============ Choose an Article ============ As Need Falls, Welfare Programs Grow Whatever Happened To The "War On Poverty?" Welfare: What Doesn't Work Many States launch Welfare-To-Shuffle Penalties of Hiring the Poor What Can And Should Government Do For Children? Child Day-Care Adequate "Medicaid Moms" Hospitals' Newest Best Friend Adoption/Foster Care ============Choose an Article============ Dark Side of Federal Adoption Law Adoption Can Be Inexpensive or Costly Adoptions Increased Last Year Adoptions Surge Under Incentive Program What Can And Should Government Do For Children? Child Day-Care Adequate "Medicaid Moms" Hospitals' Newest Best Friend Kiddy Politics Does Welfare Harm Children? Child Welfare Fails In California Money Alone Doesn't Help Poor Children Children's Homes An Alternative To Foster Care State Agencies Blocking Adoptions Child Welfare Fails In California Adoptions Increasing Nationwide New Law Encourages Foster Child Adoption "Shield Laws" Under Attack

24. NCPA - Brief Analysis #472, Welfare Reform: Finishing The Job NCPA is a nonprofit public policy research institute seeking innovative privatesector solutions to public policy problems. http://www.ncpa.org/pub/ba/ba472/

Policy Issues NCPA Publications Both Sides Commentaries ... Audio/Visual NATIONAL CENTER FOR POLICY ANALYSIS HOME DONATE ONE LEVEL UP ABOUT NCPA ... CONTACT US Welfare Reform: Finishing the Job Brief Analysis No. 472 Monday, April 12, 2004 Download this page in PDF format Get Adobe Acrobat Reader by Joe Barnett and Todd Gabel Successes So Far. With the goal of reducing welfare dependency, TANF introduced a number of significant reforms, including time limits on the receipt of benefits, work requirements and an array of financial incentives. The results have been positive: From 1996 to 2002, the number of families on welfare fell from 4.5 million to 2.1 million, and caseloads continue to remain at low levels despite the recent economic slowdown. Between 63 and 87 percent of those leaving welfare have found employment, with the average household income of welfare leavers reaching about 125 percent of the poverty level. Need: Fewer Exemptions from Work. Due to declining welfare caseloads, states were given credits that lowered the work participation requirements for those remaining on the rolls. In fact, Michael Tanner of the Cato Institute says that in 31 states caseload reduction credits decreased the actual number of recipients required to work to zero. Further, many states exempt a large portion of adult welfare recipients, including: parents of young children (47 states); individuals who lack adequate transportation or face other barriers to work (28 states); and parents who cannot find adequate child care (28 states).

25. The Heritage Foundation: Welfare Even with the historic reform of welfare in 1996, the welfare system is The analysis presented in this paper indicates that child poverty is more often http://www.heritage.org/research/welfare/welfarebriefingroom.cfm

site map help contact us The Heritage Foundation ... Research The Heritage Foundation: Welfare Policy Archive: view by date Policy Archive: view by issue ... Events The 1996 welfare reform began necessary changes in the disastrous old welfare system, yet much more remains to be done. When Congress reauthorizes Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) this year, the debate will cover all facets of the issue: Welfare reform, marriage, poverty, abstinence, cost, hunger, housing, child care, and more. See Heritage's related research by subtopic. Welfare Watch Archive Welfare Watch is a regular e-mail update designed to inform the Senate's reauthorization of welfare reform Sub-Issues Abstinence Poverty and Inequality Child Care Marriage, Welfare and Poverty ... The Positive Effects of Marriage: A Book of Charts by Patrick Fagan, Robert E. Rector, Kirk A. Johnson, Ph.D., and America Peterson For children whose parents remain married, the benefits are real. Too many programs continue to undermine marriage among the poor and must be reevaluated. New Census Bureau Report Underscores the Need for More Pro-Growth Policies by Kirk A. Johnson, Ph.D., and Rea S. Hederman, Jr.

26. Bg1606es: Marriage And Welfare Reform: The Overwhelming Evidence That Marriage E bg1606es Marriage and welfare reform The Overwhelming Evidence that Marriage A 1993 metaanalysis of marriage and family counseling found that, http://www.heritage.org/Research/Welfare/bg1606es.cfm

site map help contact us The Heritage Foundation ... Welfare bg1606es: Marriage and Welfare Reform Policy Archive: view by date Policy Archive: view by issue ... Return Home The erosion of marriage has created enormous difficulties for children, parents, and society. Today, one child in three is born out of wedlock. Compared to children born within marriage, children born outside of marriage are overwhelmingly more likely to live in poverty, depend on welfare, and have behavior problems. They are also more likely to suffer depression and physical abuse, fail in school, abuse drugs, and end up in jail. In response to the overwhelming evidence concerning the harmful consequences of the decline of marriage, the 1996 welfare reform law set a national goal to increase and strengthen two-parent families. To help meet that goal, President George W. Bush wants to set aside $300 million per year for specific programs to strengthen marriage as part of the reauthorization of welfare reform. These programs would teach relationship skills to unmarried couples at the time of pregnancy, with the goal of helping couples develop healthy marriages. The programs would also provide marriage-skills training to low-income married couples to help those couples improve their relationships and avoid marital breakup. Record of Success.

27. Welfare Reform Initiatives Data analysis WRI staff regularly analyze a broad range of welfare data decision-makers with analysis and research of TANF and welfare reform issues http://www.twc.state.tx.us/welref/wrabout.html

home site index about us contact information Search Welfare Reform Initiatives Since September 1995: Texas continues to rank in the top ten States in transitioning families from welfare to work, Welfare rolls decreased by nearly 367,000, Texas received more than $72.6 million in federal high-performance bonuses for effective welfare programs. Data Analysis - WRI staff regularly analyze a broad range of welfare data relating to Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) performance, caseloads, and projections for legislative and executive/State leadership. This analysis identifies areas of success, challenges within the system, and informs policy development. Policy Research and Development - WRI staff provide state leaders and decision-makers with analysis and research of TANF and welfare reform issues, enabling them to set sound policies and to plan for efficient service delivery. WRI also produces reports and studies that effectively communicate agency positions and decisions to stakeholders. Technical Assistance and Training - WRI provides policy guidance and technical assistance training to State and local members of the Texas Workforce Network focusing on areas of emerging concern and transition. WRI is a recognized authority regarding welfare reform research, analysis, and policy development and staff frequently make presentations to national public policy organizations, legislative committees, and academic conferences.

28. NCSLnet: Personal Responsibility And Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act Of 1996 analysis of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Comprehensive Medicaid reform was not included in the welfare reform bill. http://www.ncsl.org/statefed/hr3734.htm

Home Contact Us Press Room Site Overview ... Register Search: Advanced Search About NCSL Services Overview ... State-Federal Relations var doctitle=document.title document.write(doctitle) Add to My NCSL /i> Analysis of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 Conference Agreement for H.R. 3734 Prepared by: The National Governors' Association The National Conference of State Legislatures The American Public Welfare Association For additional information contact: Susan Golonka, NGA (202) 624-5967, SGolonka@NGA.org Sheri Steisel, NCSL (202) 624-8693, Sheri.Steisel@NCSL.org Elaine Ryan, APWA (202) 682-0100, E_Ryan@APWA.org State-Federal Relations Page Contents I. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Block Grants II. Child Care III. Medicaid IV. Social Services Block Grant ... XI. Child Support Enforcement THE PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY AND WORK OPPORTUNITY RECONCILIATION ACT OF 1996 (Conference Agreement for HR 3437) The conference agreement for HR 3437, the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 was passed by the House on July 31 (328 yeas-101 nays) and by the Senate on August 1 (78 yeas-21 nays). Prior to the House vote, the President announced his attention to sign the bill, thus "ending welfare as we know it." The bill is a comprehensive piece of legislation with far-reaching implications in a number of programs. The bill eliminates the open-ended federal entitlement program of Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and creates a block grant for states to provide time-limited cash assistance for needy families. The comprehensive legislation also makes far-reaching changes to child care, the Food Stamp Program, Supplemental Security Income (SSI) for children, benefits for legal immigrants and the Child Support Enforcement program. Modifications to the child nutrition programs and a reduction in the Social Services Block Grant are also included. Unlike previous versions, however, current law is retained for child welfare and child protection programs. The legislation will save an estimated $54.5 billion over six years with the majority of savings due to changes in the Food Stamp Program and reduction in benefits for legal immigrants.

29. Welfare Reform Research Viewpoints reform State Programs Work Child welfare Resources Technical analysis Paper No. 45. Back to Top. Child welfare http://www.childwelfare.com/kids/welreform.htm

Welfare Reform Home Library Children and Youth Services Review Welfare of Children ... Suggest additions We are continually updating the information we provide. If you have any suggestions, please email us. see: Welfare and Families Welfare Reform - Research Children and Welfare Reform from The Future of Children Family Well-Being After Welfare Reform Welfare Reform Academy From Welfare to Work: What the Evidence Shows Robert A. Moffitt Welfare Reform and the Work Support System Welfare Reform Brief no. 17 I sabell Sawhill and Ron Haskins Welfare, Children and Families Red Flags- Research Raises Concerns About the Impact of "Welfare Reform" on Child Maltreatment (CLASP) Ongoing Major Research on Welfare Reform: What Will Be Learned by Peter H. Rossi Where are they now- What States' Studies of Welfare Leavers Tell Us Frequently Asked Questions about Working Welfare Leavers (CLASP) Fragile Families and Welfare Reform: Part I Children and Youth Services Review Fragile Families and Welfare Reform: Part II Moving Hard-to-Employ Recipients into the Workforce (March 2001) Attitudes on Family: Implications for Welfare Reform (March 2001) Welfare Reform's Effect on Child Welfare Caseload (February 2001) Will Welfare Reform Hurt Low-Skilled Workers?

30. RAND: Welfare Reform In California: Early Results From The Impact Analysis Early findings on the impact of CalWORKs, California s welfare reform program . welfare reform in California Early Results from the Impact analysis http://www.rand.org/publications/MR/MR1358/

Welfare Reform in California: Early Results from the Impact Analysis Jacob A. Klerman, V. Joseph Hotz, Elaine Reardon, Amy G. Cox, Donna O. Farley, Steven J. Haider, Guido Imbens, Robert Schoeni $20.00 (144 pp.) ISBN: 0-8330-3039-6 All materials below are free, downloadable PDF files. You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader to view them. PDF (2.2 MB) Contents Summary All Prefatory Materials Preface Contents Figures Tables Summary Acknowledgments Acronyms and Abbreviations Section 1: Introduction Background Objectives and Conceptual Model Methods Data Scope of This Report Organization of the Report Section 2: Program Participation Overview of Descriptive Findings Meeting Federal Participation Rates Near-Universal, Immediate Participation in CalWORKs WTW Activities for 32 Hours per Week Possible Explanations for Descriptive Findings Section 3: The Caseload Overview of Descriptive Findings Caseload Trends in California California's Caseload Trends Relative to the Rest of the Nation Possible Explanations for the Descriptive Findings Section 4: Outcomes for Leavers Overview of Descriptive Findings Return to Welfare Employment, Earnings, and Earnings Growth Among Leavers

31. Links To The World - Welfare welfare Policy Center welfare reform information and analysis from the HudsonInstitute, the think tank that helped design Wisconsin s innovative welfare http://www.leg.state.mn.us/lrl/links/welfare.asp

Legislature Home Links to the World Help Advanced Search ... Statutes, Laws, and Rules Links to the World Welfare The sites listed on this page are not created, maintained, or endorsed by the Minnesota Legislature. Minnesota Information Information on Minnesota's family assistance programs and the Minnesota Family Investment Program from the Minnesota House of Representatives Research Department. Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation This social policy research organization has two reports on the full reports on the effects of MFIP on Minnesota families: Effects on Adults and Effects on Children Minnesota Department of Human Services This page contains information about the Department, its major programs, and publications (program manuals, reports, and fact sheets). There is also information about the Minnesota Family Investment Program Welfare-to-Work: What Have We Learned? A report from the Joyce Foundation which presents research on the welfare to work transition in seven Midwestern states, including Minnesota Federal Information Administration for Children and Families Data on recipient characteristics , background on TANF , and links to a number of ACF programs.

32. IZA - Welfare Reform In European Countries: A Micro-Simulation Analysis welfare reform in European Countries A MicroSimulation analysis. The inworkbenefit reform, on the other hand, is desirable in a very wide set of http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/events/izaseminar_description_html?sem_id=896

33. Jobs First: Early Implementation Of Connecticut's Welfare's Reform Initiative - Connecticut’s Jobs First program is a statewide welfare reform initiative that began This is a preliminary analysis based on a few data sources. http://www.mdrc.org/publications/130/execsum.html

Elementary School Reforms Secondary School Reforms District Reforms After-School Programs ... Funders January 1998 Jobs First Early Implementation of Connecticut's Welfare's Reform Initiative Mary Andes Dan Bloom Claudia Nicholson Introduction It focuses primarily on the "pre-time limit period" — the period before Jobs First participants reached the 21-month time limit — but also includes early information on the process that occurs when individuals approach and then reach the time limit. Recipients began to reach that point in late 1997. The report does not present data on whether Jobs First has generated changes Summary of the Key Findings Table ES.1 21-month time limit on cash assistance Certain families exempt from time limit (e.g., families in which every adult is incapacitated, age 60 or older, or a caretaker relative who is not included in the grant).

34. Four Years Of Welfare Reform: A Progress Report A survey of welfare reform’s progress to date suggests that the 1996 legislation, Full Text of Policy analysis No. 378 (PDF, 44 pgs, 217 Kb) http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-378es.html

Home About Us Experts Newsroom ... Contribute Search Advanced Search Help Publications Books Policy Studies Regulation Cato Audio ... White Papers Contribute Click here to learn more about supporting the Cato Institute. Liberty on the Web Elcato.org (Spanish) Misbahalhurriyya.org (Arabic) Cato.ru (Russian) Cato Offerings Pocket Constitution Email Updates Cato Audio Cato Store ... Cato University September 27, 2005 Daily Commentary Health Care Needs a Dose of Competition by Michael F. Cannon Archives Today's Hot Topic Hurricane Katrina Daily Dispatch U.S. Armed Forces as First Responders Katrina Disaster Relief: Latest Exercise in Cronyism World Bank, IMF Agree to $57.5 Billion in Debt Relief Archives Cato Policy Analysis No. 378 August 22, 2000 Four Years of Welfare Reform: A Progress Report by Lisa E. Oliphant Lisa E. Oliphant is an entitlements policy analyst at the Cato Institute. Executive Summary Fours year ago, President Clinton signed into law the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, promising to put an end to dependence on welfare by requiring work and responsibility and encouraging two-parent families. The conversion of the old entitlements-based Aid to Families with Dependent Children program into the new work-oriented Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program has brought about some of the most talked-about public policy phenomena of the last decade, including dramatically reduced caseloads and an influx of single mothers into the labor market. Welfare reform is generally regarded as a great success, and policymakers today are talking about incremental add-ons to the 1996 legislation.

35. Welfare And Workforce The Work Versus welfare TradeOff An analysis of the Total Level of welfare Head Start Should Learn From welfare reform, by Michael Tanner and http://www.cato.org/research/welfare/welfare-reform.html

Home About Us Experts Newsroom ... Contribute Search Advanced Search Help Welfare and Workforce Welfare and Workforce Home More Topics Contribute Click here to learn more about supporting the Cato Institute. Liberty on the Web Elcato.org (Spanish) Misbahalhurriyya.org (Arabic) Cato.ru (Russian) Cato Offerings Pocket Constitution Email Updates Cato Audio Cato Store ... Cato University September 27, 2005 Daily Commentary Health Care Needs a Dose of Competition by Michael F. Cannon Archives Today's Hot Topic Hurricane Katrina Daily Dispatch U.S. Armed Forces as First Responders Katrina Disaster Relief: Latest Exercise in Cronyism World Bank, IMF Agree to $57.5 Billion in Debt Relief Archives Welfare and Workforce Welfare Reform and Reauthorization Studies Implementing Welfare Reform: A State Report Card ," by Jenifer Zeigler, Cato Policy Analysis no. 529, October 19, 2004. Welfare Reform: Less Than Meets the Eye ," by Michael Tanner, Cato Policy Analysis no. 473, April 1, 2003. Four Years of Welfare Reform: A Progress Report ," by Lisa E. Oliphant, Cato Policy Analysis no. 378, August 22, 2000. Employment Prospects of Welfare Recipients: Another Look at the Data ," by Robert Kaestner, Cato Journal

36. Welfare Reform Research Links info.org, bullet2.gif (56 bytes) welfare reform Policy analysis TechnicalAssistance Resource, bullet2.gif (56 bytes) welfare reform http://www.dwd.state.wi.us/dwd/WRR/wrrlinks.htm

Skip Header Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development Site Map News Search Documents ... WRR Database Welfare Reform Research Links Organization Link Type of Organization Welfare Issues Site Contents American Public Human Services Association APHSA www.aphsa.org Nonprofit Bipartisan Welfare Reform Child Welfare Health Care Reform Social Supports Publications Current News Policy Positions Brookings Institution www.brook.edu Nonpartisan Policy Research Policy Families Entitlement Programs Health Care Publications Research Press Releases Center for Law and Social Policy CLASP www.clasp.org Nonprofit Law and Policy Research TANF Child Care Education Family Support Publications Conference News Welfare Reform Links Center for Policy Research www-cpr. maxwell.syr. edu Policy Research Based at Syracuse University Social Welfare Children Income Security Policy Publications Recent Research Upcoming Events Center on Budget and Policy Priorities CBPP www.cbpp.org

37. Welfare.html Is welfare reform Helping or Hurting Children? analysis from the Joint Centerfor Poverty Research. March 2002. Learn to Earn - Issues Raised by welfare http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Swearer_Center/Literacy_Resources/welfare.html

Welfare reform policy, practice, information LR/RI's links and women and literacy pages contain links to resources and statistics related to welfare, welfare reform, legislation and related information; this page reflects concerns around federal and state policy, legislation and practice, and their effects on adult learning in RI and across other states. This page also contains links to information about developments in welfare policy and implementation nationally and internationally, and to related issues, such as childcare, domestic violence and employment. The page is divided into 5 sections: education implementation/implications families Rhode Island ... kids and disabilities, learning disabilities and welfare rights Learners, practitioners and others with experience of, opinions about and recommendations pertinent to welfare legislation and its impact on adult learning and community are invited to contribute to this page. Please send comments, reflections and suggestions to LR/RI by email , phone, fax or post. Contact information can be found at LR/RI's home page Every attempt has been made to choose HTML over PDF documents; however, if you require access to an alternate format, please contact

38. Welfare Reform analysis and policy statements about topics in welfare reform. National Internetwelfare reform Clearinghouse Information and links to all state http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/workforce/welfare/wfnet.html

Welfare Reform Information on the Internet The following links to not-for-profit organizations, research groups, and government agencies provide users with a variety of positions and opinions on welfare reform legislation. The information on these sites is solely the responsibility of the groups that sponsor the web sites. Inclusion of these links on our web site does not imply support or endorsement by the New York State Education Department. Please communicate directly with the cited group to express your own views. Adminstration for Children and Families An agency of the US Department of Health and Human Services. The web site contains government policy and program information. The Business Council of New York State This orgnization represents the interests of small and large businesses in New York State. The web site contains a variety of news and information, including this link to the president's statements on welfare to work. Children's Defense Fund This Washington, D.C.-based advocacy organization has a summary of the federal legislation, information about implementation and monitoring, and selected features of state plans. Child Welfare An extensive site created by the UCLA School of Public Policy and Social Research. Contains many articles and policy papers, the online journal

39. O'Neill And O'Neill: Lessons For Welfare Reform: An Analysis Of The AFDC Caseloa Identifies historical trends in the AFDC caseload, the personal characteristicsof recipients, and broad patterns of welfare participation. http://www.upjohninst.org/publications/titles/lwr.html

Lessons for Welfare Reform An Analysis of the AFDC Caseload and Past Welfare-to-Work Programs Dave M. O'Neill and June Ellenoff O'Neill (The first chapter of this book is available in PDF format.) Welfare reforms enacted in 1996 are here. A 60-month lifetime limit for welfare benefits is in place, as is a work requirement after two years on the rolls. Furthermore, states have assumed greater autonomy over welfare spending and have become responsible for new programs to replace the now-defunct Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) for six decades the nation's principal cash assistance welfare program and its accompanying education, work and training programs. In Lessons for Welfare Reform , Dave M. O'Neill and June Ellenoff O'Neill have compiled and analyzed data that identifies historical trends in the AFDC caseload, the personal characteristics of recipients, and broad patterns of welfare participation. They also offer an evaluative survey on the effectiveness of past education, training and workfare programs in reducing the AFDC caseload. The result is a book that offers thoughtful new analyses on several crucial questions facing state policy makers as a result of welfare reform including: 1) How many recipients can be expected to reach the five-year limit imposed by the new legislation? 2) What are the personal characteristics and labor-market options of those who reach this limit? 3) How helpful are work/training programs in reducing welfare dependency? 4) How will current and potential recipients react to a reduction in the financial benefits available from welfare? and 5) Will teenage out-of-wedlock childbearing fall in unison with the incidence of welfare participation among young women?

40. A Feminist Analysis Of Welfare Reform: The Personal Responsibility Act Of 1996 - A Feminist analysis of welfare reform The Personal Responsibility Act of 1996 Realities of Life Before and After welfare reform Perspectives of Women http://aff.sagepub.com/cgi/content/short/14/3/278

JOURNAL HOME HELP CONTACT US SUBSCRIPTIONS ... TABLE OF CONTENTS QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: Affilia, Vol. 14, No. 3, 278-293 (1999) This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Cited by other online articles ... Reprints and Permissions A Feminist Analysis of Welfare Reform: The Personal Responsibility Act of 1996 Mary Ann Jimenez California State University, Long Beach This article presents a feminist analysis of the Personal Responsibility Act of 1996, which ended women's and children's federal entitlement to welfare. It draws on the congressional hearings preceding the act's passage to argue that the act was crafted to discipline poor women who seemed to challenge traditional gender roles and deep-seated values about women's place in American society. This article has been cited by other articles: M. Krumer-Nevo

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