21. The History Of Water Polo. How Polo Was Invented. The history and origins of the game of water polo. The United States is theonly nonEuropean team to win olympic medals. In addition to the gold won by http://athleticscholarships.net/history-of-water-polo.htm

Home About Us What We Do Questions ... Contact Us This was how water polo was introduced FACTS AND INFORMATION ABOUT THE GAME How it all began. There is very little documentation about the origins of water polo. It is known, however, that the sport originated in the rivers and lakes of mid-19th century England as an aquatic version of rugby. Early games used an inflated rubber ball that came from India known as a "pulu" (the single Indian word for all "balls"). Pronounced "polo" by the English, both the game and the ball became known as "water polo." To attract more spectators to swimming exhibitions, the London Swimming Association designed a set of water polo rules for indoor swimming pools in At first, players scored by planting the ball on the end of the pool with both hands. A favorite trick of the players was to place the five-to-nine inch rubber ball inside their swimming suit and dive under the murky water,they would then appear again as close to the goal as possible The introduction of the "Trudgeon stroke" by Scottish players changed the nature

22. History Of Water Polo history of Swimming water polo Content by Andrew Oon water polo made itsolympic debut in 1900 and has remained an olympic sport ever since. http://www.penangswimming.com/main/sports/sub_sport_waterpolo.html

THE SPORTS History of Swimming Water Polo Content by Andrew Oon Water Polo was adapted to swimming pools in 1870 by the London Swimming Club, and the first official game was played at the Crystal Palace Plunge in London. The game became a version of rugby on water, based more on brute strength than athletic skill. A common trick players used then was to place the small ball in their oversized swimming trunks and swim underwater towards the goal, where they would score by using both hands to place the ball on the pool's deck. By 1880, the modern version of the sport began to evolve in Scotland. Rule changes included scoring on a net 10 feet long by three feet high (roughly three-metres by one-metre), and using a leather ball similar to the size of a soccer ball. Players could only be tackled when holding the ball and could only touch the ball with one hand - rules that still apply today. The Scottish rules were adopted throughout Great Britain, and then the game spread beyond the island. Nations like Hungary, Belgium, Austria, Germany and France, began playing the sport by the late 1800s. By 1889, America was introduced to the sport by an English swimming instructor, John Robinson. Water polo made its Olympic debut in 1900 and has remained an Olympic sport ever since. Great Britain won gold at four of the first five Games. The only hiccup was in 1904, when the US won. The Americans also won silver and bronze because they were the only country to enter teams. Other nations refused to play with the soft, under-inflated ball that was common in American competition.

23. Water Polo - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Women s water polo was introduced in the Sydney 2000 olympic Games after The most famous water polo match in history is probably the 1956 Summer http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_polo

Water polo From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Greece Hungary in Naples Italy Water polo is a team water sport , which can be best described as a combination of swimming football (soccer) basketball ice hockey ... rugby and wrestling . A team consists of six field players and one goalkeeper. The goal of the game resembles that of football/soccer—to score as many goals as possible, each goal being worth one point. A perfect water polo athlete can be best described as having the over-arm accuracy of a baseball pitcher , the vertical of a volleyball player, the toughness of a hockey player, the endurance of a cross-country skier and the strategy of a chess player. Of course, to find a player of this ability is difficult. Contents Basic skills needed for a Water Polo Player Overview Water Polo World Leading Teams for 2005 Positions ... edit Basic skills needed for a Water Polo Player Swimming : As water polo is a team water sport, swimming is most commonly a skill which is acquired before playing this sport. It is a key element as it is needed to swim back and forth across the pool often. Ball handling skills : As all out-field players are only allowed to touch the ball with one hand at a time, they must develop good ball control.

24. Athens Olympics 2004 With its tradition steeped in the history of ancient Greece, the olympic torch has water polo Men s final. GYMNASTICS Rhythmic individual allaround http://smh.com.au/olympics/olympicinfo/history.html

@import url("/olympics/css/athens_smh.css"); Welcome to 2004 Olympics. Skip directly to: Search Box Section Navigation Content Olympic History Bitter price of Olympics' iconic image It is 35 years since the Olympic protest of Tommie Smith and John Carlos. Both later paid for it, writes Steve Dilbeck in Los Angeles. more Why losers are the real winners Olympic fans, ask yourself this: why did you enjoy watching Tatiana Grigorieva vault with the pole? No, besides that. more Seared in the memory Australian athletics legend Ron Clarke will never forget the roar of the crowd as he carried the flame into the Melbourne Cricket Ground for the 1956 Games. more From Olympia to Australia - with Apollo's help With its tradition steeped in the history of ancient Greece, the Olympic torch has become one of the lasting symbols of the modern Olympic movement. more Where eagles (and eels) dare The Olympic Games were inspired by ideals as wide-ranging as they were lofty. The father of the modern Olympics, Baron Pierre de Coubertin, believed sport might foster nothing short of world peace and brotherhood. more Magic moments that define the Games Every Olympics has one defining moment by which it is remembered. John Huxley looks at the 2004 Sydney Games.

25. History Of The Games - Olympic Info : Olympic History - water polo Men s final. GYMNASTICS Rhythmic individual allaround olympic INFO.olympic history Drug Testing Torch Relay olympic Stars http://smh.com.au/olympics/articles/2004/06/18/1089484300823.html

@import url("/olympics/css/athens_smh.css"); Welcome to 2004 Olympics. Skip directly to: Search Box Section Navigation Content History of the Games June 18, 2004 Page Tools Email to a friend Printer format The stadium at the 1896 Athens Games, the first of the modern Olympics. The Olympic Games are the creation of the Ancient Greeks with records of the first competition dating back to 776 BC. The Games reigned supreme in Ancient Greece for 12 centuries until in 393 AD Emperor Theodosius founded them to be a pagan celebration and thus ended the competition. It wasn't until the late 1800's that Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin began researching and rallying support for the rebirth of the Olympic Games. His hard work succeeded and in 1896 Athens was the host city of the first of the modern Olympic Games. 1896 Athens, Greece Thirteen countries participated at the 1896 Athens Games with around 300 athletes taking part in the competition. There were 43 events contested which fell into the following categories; athletics (track and field), cycling, fencing, gymnastics, shooting, swimming, tennis, weightlifting and wrestling.

26. History history. Results of the Day Image Gallery water polo traces its roots to classic The team of Hungary olympic water polo made its debut at the 1900 http://www.athens2004.com/en/WaterPoloHistory

The official website of the ATHENS 2004 Olympic Games - Games of the XXVIII Olympiad Daily Summaries: Home Sports Aquatics Water polo History Javascript must be enabled to view this page, although the important information on the page is also available to browsers that do not support scripts. History Water polo traces its roots to classic Polo originally started in the Eastern Indies, where British troops experimented with a new game involving a ball and horses. The game flourished in America and Europe. In America, the game was first known as ‘softball Water polo’. Because players rode astride floating barrels fashioned to resemble horses the name ‘Water polo’ was born. Additionally, players handled the ball – a kind of bladder – with paddles vaguely familiar to the mallet used today in classic Polo. The London Swimming Association drew up the first rules of Water polo in 1870. They allowed: sinking opponents; holding the ball underwater; and scoring with the use of both hands. Today’s version of the sport is based on a set of rules introduced in Scotland in 1880, which made important changes in the way Water polo was played. There were seven players on each team, and the dimensions of the goal were fixed. The changes made Water polo more popular and within a short time it had won over many fans, mostly in the countries of the former British Empire. Olympic Water polo made its debut at the 1900 Olympic Games in Paris, and has remained on the Olympic programme ever since. Great Britain won all gold medals from 1900 to 1920. Women’s Water polo, played in Holland from the start of the twentieth century, was included in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney.

27. Wet And Wild (washingtonpost.com) The most famous water polo game in olympic history is also the most brutal.It occurred between the Soviet Union and Hungary in 1956, just after the http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A13448-2004Aug18.html

var SA_Message="SACategory=" + thisNode; Hello Edit Profile Sign Out Sign In Register Now ... Subscribe to SEARCH: News Web var ie = document.getElementById?true:false; ie ? formSize=27 : formSize=24 ; document.write(''); Top 20 E-mailed Articles washingtonpost.com Sports Leagues and Sports ... E-Mail This Article Wet and Wild In Water Polo, the Brutality Is Just Beneath the Surface By Peter Carlson Washington Post Staff Writer Thursday, August 19, 2004; Page C01 ATHENS, Aug. 18 Sure, all these swimming races are exciting and inspiring and all that, but after a few days of watching people paddle back and forth across a pool, your average red-blooded American sports fan begins to wonder: Hey, where's the violence? Fortunately, the happy answer is just a couple hundred yards away, in the indoor pool, where the preliminary rounds of water polo are in progress. There's enough violence in an average water polo match to fill all your brutality needs, at least until football season starts. With all the churning white water in the pool, there are plenty of penalties a water polo referee will never see. Wedgies are one of the more benign tactics. (Michael Robinson-chavez The Washington Post) Day 6 Paul Hamm wins the men's gymnastics individual all-around.

28. Water Polo From WWA ABOUT water polo. history. There is little documentation as to the origins ofwater polo water polo made its first appearance at the 1900 olympic Games, http://www.worldwideaquatics.com/aboutwaterpolo.htm

ABOUT WATER POLO HISTORY There is little documentation as to the origins of water polo. However, we do know that the term "polo" is the English pronunciation of the Indian word "pulu," meaning ball. Just as the ball game played on horseback became known as "polo," the ball game played in water became known as "water polo," although there is no connection whatsoever between the two sports. Water polo made its first appearance at the 1900 Olympic Games, and it has appeared in every Games since then. Prohibited from touching the bottom or side of the pool through four seven-minute quarters, water-polo players swim up to five kilometers in a game. They require the technique and endurance of a champion swimmer, plus a football player's finesse in passing, dribbling and shooting for goal and a rugby player's strength to battle for the ball. The game that evolved into modern water polo began as a form of rugby football played in rivers and lakes with the object to "carry" the ball to the opponent's side.

29. Australian Water Polo News history of international water polo. Why the sport s founding fathers adopted Scottish rules adopted for the olympic Games after European teams refused http://www.waterpoloaus.asn.au/info/Info1999/Info05/IntHistory.htm

INFORMATION History of international Water Polo Why the sport's founding fathers adopted the term polo for the name of this aquatic sport has been lost in the mists of time. Anyone who has played Water Polo for any length of time is used to the question "Do the horses ever drown?" Water Polo was invented in England specifically for the purpose of attracting spectators to swimming competitions: Committee members of the London Swimming Club laid down the first written rules with the aim of making the game cleaner and more free flowing. Originally, teams consisted of 3 players. The first official match took place at Crystal Palace. Water Polo caught the attention of media with a game organised by the Bournemouth Premier Rowing Club, when although the ball burst during the match, the players continued to play. Goals were marked by four flags tied 50 yards apart with goals being scored by placing the ball onto floating platforms. English Amateur Swimming Association sanctioned the sport and created a stricter set of rules.

30. Women'Sports Wire olympics COLORADO SPRINGS, CO. water polo has been played since the For thefirst time in olympic history, spectators will see women compete in the pole http://www.womensportswire.com/olympics/archived_olympics/archived_olympics_2/bo

Olympic Movements Women’s Water Polo Hoping to Get the Attention it Deserves COLORADO SPRINGS, CO . Water polo has been played since the mid-nineteenth century and has been a part of the Olympic Games since 1900, when it became the first team sport added to the Olympic program. However, up to this point, only men have been able to play for the gold. Finally this September, women will make their first Olympic appearance. Six countries will compete to become the first gold medalist in women's water polo. This year's women's field will include teams from Australia, The Netherlands, Canada, Russia, Kazakhstan and the United States. The host Australians and the Netherlands had been considered favorites for the gold medal until the United States shocked everyone by winning the Holiday Cup, a pre-Olympic tournament in Los Alamitos, CA. According to USA Water Polo Director of Communications, Eric Velazquez , "the US destroyed everyone. Even though some of the scores were close, the other teams were just outmatched." With confidence and momentum going into the Games, the American women will be a force to be reckoned with. From 19-year-old

31. History Canadian water polo history Enthusiastic members of Canadian boating and Women s water polo joined the olympic family at the 2000 Sydney olympics where http://www.ontariowaterpolo.ca/history.htm

ONTARIO WATER POLO ASSOCIATION 1185 Eglinton Ave. East, Toronto, Ontario, M3C 3C6, Suite 105 (416) 426-7028, fax (416) 426-7356, info@ontariowaterpolo.ca programs@ontariowaterpolo.ca [ OWPA Main Page ] Member clubs and programs ... Frequently Asked Questions HISTORY OF THE SPORT OF WATER POLO More about the OWPA History Hall of Fame LINKS Contact Information The first makeshift water polo contests were played in Britain in the 1860s - the sport may thank its inception to the monotony that spectators found in the competitive swim races of the times. Some horse jockeys with a want for amusement started "Water Derby", using barrels to replace the horses in the water. A new version called "Water Football", with three players aside, enjoyed brief success in 1876. What could be considered the first regular game of Water Polo was played in 1876. The game did not catch on, however. The same year, a more elaborate set of rules were written which were refined by English and Scottish teams. In 1885, the English National Swimming Association officially recognized water polo as a separate sport thereafter requiring games to be played in accordance with one set of rules. Interest in the emerging sport then spread around the world. Canadian Water Polo History Enthusiastic members of Canadian boating and swimming clubs started to popularize water polo in 1896. The first official water polo tournament in Canada was sponsored by the Montreal Aquatic Club and was played in 1887.

32. ContraCostaTimes.com 08/01/2002 Matadors Help Feed, Train Matadors help feed, train olympic water polo dreams. By Darcy Couch CONTRA COSTATIMES. Miramonte High School s water polo program has a rich history of http://www.contracostatimes.com/mld/cctimes/living/community/5269481.htm

33. There Is Little Documentation As To The Origins Of Water Polo The game that evolved into modern water polo began as a form of rugby The gamewas included in the olympic Games of 1900 as an exhibition at the Paris http://library.thinkquest.org/TQ0312206/web/waterpolo-history.htm

The Origins of Water Polo There is little documentation as to the origins of water polo. However, we do know that the term "polo" is the English pronunciation of the Indian word "pulu," meaning ball. Just as the ball game played on horseback became known as "polo," the ball game played in water became known as "water polo," although there in no connection between the two sports. The game that evolved into modern water polo began as a form of rugby football played in rivers and lakes with the object to "carry" the ball to the opponent's side. By 1869, an Indian rubber ball began replacing the original ball which was made from a pig's stomach. One year later, the London Swimming Club developed rules for football to be played in swimming pools. The first official game was played in the Crystal Palace Plunge in London. The early games were generally exhibitions of brute strength. Passing, punting and dribbling were scarcely ever practiced. Each player considered it his duty to score goals without regard to position. A goal was scored by placing the ball, with two hands, on the top of the tank end. A favorite trick of the players was to place the five- to nine-inch ball inside their swimming suit and dive under the murky water, then appear again as near the goal as possible. Should the player come up too near the goal, he was promptly jumped on by the goalie, who was permitted to stand on the pool deck.

34. Canadian Women Olympic Water Polo Players triang.gif (67 bytes) olympic history. triang.gif (67 bytes) New Sports The Canadian women s waterpolo team returned from a pre-olympic tournament to http://www.caaws.ca/olympics/2000/waterpolo/

Following Canadian Women to Sydney By Sport. Archery Badminton Basketball Canoe/Kayaking Cycling Diving Equestrian Fencing Gymnastics Judo Modern Pent. Paralympics Rowing Sailing Shooting Softball Swimming Table Tennis Tae Kwon Do Tennis Triathlon Trampoline Volleyball Water polo Weight Lifting Wheelchair Bball Windsurfing Wrestling Who has Qualified The Way to Sydney Olympic History New Sports ... Back to CAAWS Water Polo Canada beats Kazakhstan to finish fifth Jana Salat of Calgary scored two minutes into overtime to lift Canada to a 9-8 victory over Kazakhstan and a fifth-place finish at the first-ever women's Olympic water polo tournament.- September 22, 2000 Canada's medal dreams washed away Canada's inconsistent performance cost it a shot at one of the first medals awarded in women's water polo at the Olympic Games.A 9-4 loss to Australia on Wednesday, coupled with Russia's 6-3 win over The Netherlands prevented Canada from advancing to the four-team medal round.-September 20, 2000 Canada routs Kazakstan in water polo Canada made sure to hold onto this one, routing Kazakstan 10-3 Monday for its first Olympic victory after two very different ties.

35. INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE - SPORTS water polo history Women s water polo made its olympic debut during the 2000Sydney Games. The Australian team became the first to win gold in this new http://www.olympic.org/uk/sports/programme/history_uk.asp?DiscCode=WP&sportCode=

36. INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE - OLYMPIC GAMES In a performance unequaled in olympic history, Nedo Nadi of Italy earned goldmedals in five of the olympic Oath by Victor Boin (waterpolo/fencing) http://www.olympic.org/uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=1&OLGY=1920

37. Missouri Water Polo -- History There is little documentation as to the origins of water polo. The game wasincluded in the olympic Games of 1900 as an exhibition at the Paris Games. http://www.mowaterpolo.com/wphistory.html

The Origins of Water Polo There is little documentation as to the origins of water polo. However, we do know that the term "polo" is the English pronunciation of the Indian word "pulu," meaning ball. Just as the ball game played on horseback became known as "polo," the ball game played in water became known as "water polo," although there in no connection between the two sports. The game that evolved into modern water polo began as a form of rugby football played in rivers and lakes with the object to "carry" the ball to the opponent's side. By 1869, an Indian rubber ball began replacing the original ball which was made from a pig's stomach. One year later, the London Swimming Club developed rules for football to be played in swimming pools. The first official game was played in the Crystal Palace Plunge in London. The early games were generally exhibitions of brute strength. Passing, punting and dribbling were scarcely ever practiced. Each player considered it his duty to score goals without regard to position. A goal was scored by placing the ball, with two hands, on the top of the tank end. A favorite trick of the players was to place the five- to nine-inch ball inside their swimming suit and dive under the murky water, then appear again as near the goal as possible. Should the player come up too near the goal, he was promptly jumped on by the goalie, who was permitted to stand on the pool deck. By 1880 in Scotland, the introduction of the Trudgeon stroke permitted rule changes to make the game faster. The game moved from a rugby-style to a soccer-style of play. The goal then became a cage of ten feet by three feet and a goal could be scored by throwing the ball into this area. The small ball was changed to a leather association football (soccer ball). Players could only be tackled if they held the ball and players could only touch the ball with one hand at a time. In the late 1880s, these Scottish rules were generally adopted throughout Great Britain.

38. Missouri Water Polo -- History A Short history of St. Louis water polo By Wally Lundt Carl Bauer and theMAC hosted the 1946 olympic water polo Trials in St. Louis at Marquette pool http://www.mowaterpolo.com/mohistory.html

A Short History of St. Louis Water Polo By Wally Lundt The game of Water Polo received world-wide sanction as an Olympic event at the 1904 World’s Fair here in St. Louis. This combination of a World’s Fair and the Olympics drew athletes from around the world who came to participate in the usual Olympic individual events. Water Polo was the first team sport ever played in the Olympics. It was played in a muddy lagoon in Forest Park with an under-inflated, soft ball which could be submerged by a player and then moved underwater. There were few rules and the game was so rough that all European teams boycotted the event. European Water Polo was brought to St. Louis by Carl O. Bauer from Germany when he became Athletic Director of the Missouri Athletic Club in the 1920’s. In 1927 when the Meramec River Patrol was formed by Carl Bauer and Commodore Flint of the American Red Cross, Water polo was used as a conditioning activity for this organization dedicated to rescuing swimmers who were in trouble on our nearby rivers. Most Missouri Athletic Club players were members of the Meramec River Patrol. Carl Bauer and the MAC hosted the 1946 Olympic Water Polo Trials in St. Louis at Marquette pool in south St. Louis. The St. Louis team came in second. First place went to the Olympic Club from San Francisco, California.

39. International Institute For Sport And Olympic History and olympic history Library and Museum Keep in mind that water polo is aninternational sport and that we seek everything, in every language, http://www.harveyabramsbooks.com/501c3donatewaterpolo.html

HOW TO DONATE to the WATER POLO ENDOWMENT WATER POLO COLLECTION International Institute for Sport and Olympic History Library and Museum CASH DONATIONS: The IISOH is seeking $1 million (one million Dollars) from a benefactor in order to establish an endowment for the sport of WATER POLO. This is a naming opportunity for the benefactor to have a perpetual identification with the sport of WATER POLO . The endowment would be named by the benefactor with the approval of the IISOH Board of Directors. The endowment becomes a permanent trust fund invested by the Institute with only the quarterly earned interest being used for development of the WATER POLO collections in both the Library and Museum. Cash donations IN ANY AMOUNT are always welcome, too. For more details about the endowment program, please click here Endowment Program. NON-CASH DONATIONS: LIBRARY donations: Material in ANY language, including but not limited to English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Portugese, Flemish, Swedish, Finnish, Danish, Norwegian, Latin, Greek, Russian, Ukrainian, Serbo-Croatian, Hebrew, Arabic, Japanese, Chinese, Farsi, Sanskrit and dozens of others. The scope of the collection is international and comprehensive.

40. International Institute For Sport And Olympic History and olympic history. The following subject areas are suggested areas of interest water polo; water Skiing (see water sports); water Sports (skin diving, http://www.harveyabramsbooks.com/501c3subjects.html

SUBJECT LIST International Institute for Sport and Olympic History The following subject areas are suggested areas of interest for named endowments. You can see the broad scope of the Institute's collecting goals from this list. Additional subjects may be added at any time by the Board of Directors or suggested by Benefactors. Subjects in BOLD are on the program of the Modern Olympic Games and are the primary areas of interest in seeking endowments. Some subjects have links to a more detailed page on that subject to give you more information. Adapted physical education Air Sports Alpine skiing (see skiing) Ancient / Antiquities (Greece, Rome, etc) Aquatics (see Water sports) Archery Architecture (sports stadiums and facilities) Arts (see Sport in Art: coins, medals, posters) Association football (see soccer) Athletic injuries (see sports medicine) Backgammon Baseball Badminton Basketball Biathlon Bibliography Bicycling (see cycling Billiards Biomechanics Blacks in Sport Canoeing, Rowing, Yachting Bobsleigh (see Winter Sports) Bowling Boxing Business (see Sport and Business) Canoeing Cars and car racing (See Automobiles) Cards Checkers Cheerleading Chess Children and Physical Education Coaching (19th century) College Athletics Cricket Croquet Curling Cycling Dance Diving (See Dressage (See Equestrian Sports Drugs and sport (See Sports medicine) Equestrian Sports Exercise Facilities (see sports stadiums and facilities) Falconry Fencing Field Hockey Figure skating (see Skating) Fitness (See Physical Fitness) Football (American) Football (British, see Soccer)

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