61. Ignacio L. Götz - On Spirituality And Teaching A spirituality developed in the context of a teaching life would have to strive (18611925) developed the spiritual method and approach of the waldorf http://www.ed.uiuc.edu/EPS/PES-Yearbook/97_docs/gotz.html

Select - HOME 1992 Contents 1993 Contents 1994 Contents 1995 Contents 1996 Contents 1997 Contents 1998 Contents 1999 Contents 2000 Contents 2001 Contents 2002 Contents 2003 Contents Author Index PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION 1997 On Spirituality and Teaching Hofstra University More than a hundred years ago William James called the attention of teachers to what he termed a "pathological anaesthesia" to the magic of the world. More recently, David Purpel has written of a moral and spiritual crisis in education, and Robert Coles has called for the development of "a day-to-day attentiveness...that touches all spheres of activity." Yet nowhere in either pedagogical literature or practice do we find a concern to develop such qualities of life in teachers, even though it is obvious that, if spirituality is desired, then those who live the spiritual life, however narrowly, are likely to be better teachers than those who merely know about it, however much. Here I will argue that spirituality is one of the most important qualities a teacher can develop. I shall point to some of the obstacles to such spiritual development and shall suggest some ways in which it can be integrated in teacher preparation. T HE N ATURE OF S PIRITUALITY In the West, the Platonic distinction between the intelligible and the sensible was colored by the Christian distinction between soul and body, itself tinged with the Gnostic distinction between spirit and matter and the Hebrew distinction between spirit and soul. The result was a tripartite division between spirit, soul, and body. Spirit was defined in contradistinction to matter, and spirituality as a certain non-material and even religious quality of life.

62. Techniques Unschooling, Charlotte Mason, waldorf teaching, Montessori methods . waldorf Methods waldorf education derives from the work done by Rudolf Steiner http://www.freedom-in-education.co.uk/home ed/home_education_techniques.htm

freedom-in-education .co.uk This page: John Holt Unschooling Automatic Learning Charlotte Mason ... Summary How do you Home Educate? Everyone has the right to educate their own child: it is something that has been happening since the beginning of time and it makes sense that this is what people should turn to at a time when the education system fails. In principle, how you educate your child is a matter that concerns only you and your immediate family: you are the ones who know what is best for your children: interference from outside rarely makes things better and often makes things worse. It can, however, be helpful to know how other parents in a similar situation to yourself have answered questions such as 'Should we do regular lessons?', 'Should we follow the national curriculum?', 'Should I panic if my child will not look at a book?', 'Should I tell the Local Education Authority that I am home-educating?' etc. The answers vary from child to child. The page of home-education links has links to home-education sites that provide information about support groups, discussion groups and web rings that should make it possible for parents to make contact with other people in a similar situation to themselves. In addition, I have compiled a brief guide to some of the terms and people that one comes across when searching the internet for homeschooling information:

63. July Newsletter Teaching Teenagers using waldorf Methods. waldorf methods are well known fortheir success with young children but so far have had little impact on the http://www.freedom-in-education.co.uk/newsletter/July 05.htm

freedom-in-education.co.uk About the Site S ubs c ribe to the Free E-Newsletter Over 1000 subscribers J u ly E-mail: Site Contents: Home Pre-School Home Education Overview ... Links Education Reformers: Rudolf Steiner Maria Montessori Part-Time School Mathematics: Euclid ... Drugs Freedom-in-Education Newsletter July 2005 The Freedom in Education Newsletter is now entering its fourth year and this has given me some cause for thought about what it has achieved and what it could achieve. The experience of editing the newsletter (in association with my daughter Wendy) has brought home to me something about the nature of freedom and something about the nature of education. Most of the correspondence that we receive is from people who are experiencing freedom in education - in most cases because they are home educating their children - and this has opened their eyes to a whole new world in which education becomes a rewarding and fulfilling activity for everyone in the family. This correspondence , however, clearly represents the experience of a very small minority of the population. The reality for most families is that they feel caught in a trap - experiencing terrible difficulties as a result of sending their children to school but being too frightened to do anything about it.

64. Area Of Study Education Methods of Teaching History of Education Theories of Education waldorf Methodsof Teaching Montessori Methods of Teaching Alternative Methods of Teaching http://www.iseek.org/sv/22030.jsp?id=471200

65. Charlotte Mason Method - A To Z Home's Cool Homeschooling What is the Charlotte Mason method of education and how do I apply it to ourhomeschool A thorough chapterby-chapter overview of the inspiring teaching http://homeschooling.gomilpitas.com/methods/CharlotteMason.htm

YOU ARE HERE: HOME METHODS A to Z Home's Cool Homeschooling I am Ann Zeise , your guide to the best and most interesting and useful sites and articles about home education on the web. Search All of A to Z Articles Calendar Curriculum Explorations 4 Kids Field Trips Jokes Laws Links Methods Older Kids Regional Religion/Cultural The Web Home Recent Articles Events Join Email List ... Curriculum Shopping Site Index: A B C D ... Z Charlotte Mason Method Approach FAQ Online Reading ... Waldorf Method A to Z Home's Cool Home Articles Beginning to Homeschool Community Networking ... Support Group Resources Explorations 4 Kids Computer Literacy Drivers Ed Fine Arts General Interest ... Keeping a Nature Journal: Discover a Whole New Way of Seeing the World Around You (Paperback) by Clare Walker Leslie, Charles E. Roth Simple techniques to give first-time journal-keepers the confidence to go outside, observe the natural world, and sketch and write about what they see. At the same time, long-time journal-keepers are motivated to hone their powers of observation as they immerse themselves in the mysteries of the natural world. My Nature Journal A Personal Nature Guide for Young People Adrienne Olmstead For kids ages 8-14. It is packed with suggestions for nature activities which encourage observation and note-taking skills.

66. Lawsuit Against Waldorf Revived waldorf teaching methods differ from many public schools curricula and haveencountered criticism for not teaching children to read until they are older. http://www.rickross.com/reference/waldorf/waldorf4.html

Lawsuit against Waldorf revived Critics say the public schools' teaching method is religious Sacramento Bee/March 31, 2003 By Bill Lindelof John Morse Waldorf School in south Sacramento and the Yuba River Charter School in Nevada City are once again targets in a legal battle that seeks to ban any public school in America from using Waldorf teaching methods. The group that filed the lawsuit against them contends that the Waldorf system cannot be separated from founder Rudolf Steiner's religious philosophy so the public Waldorf schools are sectarian and ineligible to receive taxpayer dollars. Debra Snell, president of People for Legal and Nonsectarian Schools and a former Waldorf parent, said it boils down to a question of fairness. "If Catholic or Lutheran schools cannot be publicly funded, then neither can Waldorf, " she said. Her organization has filed a federal lawsuit in Sacramento contending that the public Waldorf schools violate the constitutional separation of church and state. Those who run the Waldorf public schools say the lawsuit is unfounded and misses the point. "We teach about religion, but we don't teach religion," Principal Cheryl Eining said of her 270-student school in the Sacramento City Unified School District.

67. Waldorf Writing forth for his specific methods of teaching go much deeper and as a waldorf Putting the Heart Back into Teaching Rhythms of Learning What waldorf http://www.waldorfhomeschoolers.com/unlined.htm

Ask Kytka Do you know why handwriting should be done on unlined paper in the Waldorf method? June 15, 2002 I would have to assume that you are referring to a younger child writing, correct? In looking at this from that standpoint you need to go back to Steiner's beliefs and views about form drawing. Form drawing is the basis for for the development of fine motor skills as a preparation for writing. Remember, the movement of the hand also educates the brain. From the book Form Drawing Grades One through Four: "It is part of the evolution of art and, as such, develops the aesthetic sense and a feeling for form. It also teaches thinking but not in a non-intellectual way; it trains the intelligence to be flexible, able to follow and understand a complicated line of thought." A child experiences the forms and this develops the will forces. It is a way of "seeing" with the hands. Rudolf Steiner said "the line is the subject and not a picture of something in the outer world". This is also why when form drawing you should not allow the child to color in between the forms and lines. Children in Waldorf schools learn very significantly through the arts. In looking at work for the first grade, following Steiner's indications, we would begin with two lines: the straight and the curved. The first year is the year when the child gains uprightness - so in this posture the child actually "draws" this form with her upright body. So you see it's not just about drawing a line or letters or writing words... the reasons Steiner set forth for his specific methods of teaching go much deeper and as a Waldorf home educator you really do need to do the homework to understand completely what is going on. You must have a real understanding of coordination, movement, senses... the human ego and will forces and the soul force. Waldorf is about willing, thinking, feeling and all of this is going on in your child at all times!

68. Teaching Teenagers Using Waldorf Methods Wonder Ranch. Teaching Teenagers Using waldorf Methods waldorf methods arewell known for their success with young children but so far have had little http://mysite.verizon.net/res2216j/wonder/id97.html

Wonder Ranch Teaching Teenagers Using Waldorf Methods Home Homeschool Diary What's New? Just Imagine! ... About Us, the Artwork, and This Site Gareth Lewis has been there. Not only did he guide his own three children through the teen years, but he also shared the wisdom he gained in his book, Unqualified Education Did I mention that he's been teaching for most of his life? (Scroll down for more about him.) Waldorf methods are well known for their success with young children but so far have had little impact on the teaching of teenagers. This is something that homeschoolers interested in Rudolf Steiner's ideas on education might be able to remedy. In order to understand the difficulties that have plagued the teaching of teenagers in the Waldorf school movement it is necessary to understand a little about the history of the Waldorf method of education. At the close of the First World War, Rudolf Steiner was approached with the idea of starting a school for the children of workers of the Waldorf cigarette factory in Stuttgart. It was a time of great social tension: the war had been lost, the government had collapsed and hunger and malnutrition were rife. Rudolf Steiner was acutely worried about the possibility of a Bolshevik revolution taking place in Germany, and...

69. Appendix To Newsletter Good summary of major teaching methods currently popular in HSling circles http//www.gomilpitas.com/homeschooling/methods/waldorf.htm http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~ja8i-brtl/appendix.htm

HOMESCHOOLING/AFTERSCHOOLING IN JAPAN NEWSLETTER Issue 001 Appendix of Resources page 1 This newsletter is produced and maintained by Aileen Kawagoe. Please contact Aileen with your comments and subscription requests. All Things Japanese Curricula Reviews Geography Homeschooling Approaches ... Booklists 1. All things Japanese: Websites with schooling info: Homeschooling in Japan Kat Combs' website: Homeschooling in Japan - a brand new network of homeschooling and afterschooling families in Japan. For those of you who homeschool full time or supplement your children's education after school hours, this organization serves to support your need to network with other like-minded families and share resources, commiserate, etc. Organized outings around Tokyo once a month. http://www.jwindow.net/OLD/LWT/GENERAL/lwt_life_education.html NEW! A concise overview of the Japanese educational system Click on either "international schools" for listings or "the Japanese System" (a chart is provided) and "Foreign Children and the Education System" for good info http://www.mixpizza.omron.co.jp/mp/svc/bnf.menu?pbnf=ChildEducation

70. The Waldorf Promise. By Landfall Productions, Inc. The growing use of use of waldorf teaching methods in public schools across theUSA holds .great promise for our children and for the future http://www.spinninglobe.net/edwaldprom.htm

The Waldorf Promise From the back cover: "I'm more interested in American schools than I am in Waldorf schools. My interest is in how to help schools to the point where we don't have so many children dropping out, alienated from the system. I go to Waldorf schools looking for advice about how to that." Ray McDermott, Ph.D. Profssor of Education, Stanford University SPECIAL FEATURES: NTSC video - full screen 3:4 79 minutes/Digital Stereo Landfall Productions, Inc. The Down-to-Earth Foundation promise: Call or write us for more information about possible scholarship aid to attend the Waldorf training at one of the Waldorf training Centers in the US. It will help if you are already a teacher, but if you are only thinking of becoming one, we may be able to help. Our only condition is that you make a commitment with that center - and us - to sctually teach for a year in an inner city public school of the kind shown on the DVD. Call Mary at 413-628-0227 or write to us at maryskole@aol.com. Back to the bookstore

71. Spirit Working TRIAL DATE SET FOR SEPTEMBER 12, 2005 IN waldorf METHODS PUBLIC SCHOOLS CASE . the following “waldorf education involves alternative teaching methods, http://www.spiritworking.org/news/waldorf_trial.html

We are working on increasing the visibility of all Anthroposophical websites by encouraging cross-linking. Click here for the Links page, then click Add Your Site at the top of the page to open the online submission form. Don't forget to check the Calendar of Events Home Other News Articles TRIAL DATE SET FOR SEPTEMBER 12, 2005 IN WALDORF METHODS PUBLIC SCHOOLS CASE RUDOLF STEINER ARCHIVE: An e.Library on the World Wide Web (part I). SCHOOLED IN SPIRITUALITY NAKHODKA ASKS ISIS INTERNATIONAL FOR ASSISTANCE WITH THE PROBLEMS OF ADDICTION ATTENTION WALDORF SCHOOLS ALTERNATIVE NOBEL PRIZE FOR ANTHROPOSOPHICAL ACTIVISTS ... ARTISTS MAKE MUSIC VISIBLE A full color article on eurthmy featured in the Sacramento Bee SLUDGE TO FERTILE SOIL HEALTHFUL HARVEST Biodynamic Community Farming RUDOLF STEINER HEALTH CENTER AND SUMMER RETREAT ... MORE DOCTORS MIX TRADITIONAL MEDICINE WITH THERAPEUTICS article on anthroposophical medicine featured in the Detroit News MISTLETOE THERAPY from an article by Beth W. Orenstein that appeared in Radiology Today / December 23, 2002 TRIAL DATE SET FOR SEPTEMBER 12, 2005

72. Education World ® Early Childhood : Teaching Methods & Practices This section provides access to information on teaching methods and educationaltheories. Database. Teacher Resources Methods. waldorf Education http://content.educationworld.com/early_childhood/methods/index.shtml

Home Early Childhood Links updated December 1, 2004 This section provides access to information on teaching methods and educational theories. We have also included other educational practices that aren't broad enough to be considered methods, yet have merit in early childhood classrooms. General Resources Montessori Project Approach Reggio Emilia ... Waldorf GENERAL RESOURCES Sections This section of the Parents Community provides on overviews of a wide variety of teaching methods and educational programs currently in practice. Specific subject areas include: General Resources Arts Education Ability Grouping Bilingual Education ... Waldorf Education Articles Strategies That Work To enhance public awareness of the benefits to be derived from brain research, Congress designated the 1990s as the See Education World's archive of Strategies articles. Dozens of themes, hundreds of articles! Reviews Exploring Multiple Intelligences: New Dimensions of Learning Exploring Multiple Intelligences is a web site about Dr. Howard Gardner's revolutionary theory of eight different forms of intelligence and/or learning modes. The site has descriptions and lesson plans for each intelligence as well as articles, links, and a list of books and audio-visual resources.

73. Waldorf Resources :: Featured Article: Oak Meadow And Waldorf Education The minutes from the first (unofficial) waldorf Resources, Inc. board meeting . meet the Williams at a waldorf Methods and Home Schooling conference. http://www.waldorfresources.org/readroom/features/om_we.php

offering Information, Support, and Inspiration to a global Waldorf Community Home The Reading Room Featured Articles Oak Meadow and Waldorf Education Some Ideas for Upper Elementary Grades Margo Barker I'd like to share some ideas about using the Oak Meadow curriculum in conjunction with a Waldorf curriculum, specifically in the upper elementary grades around 5th through 7th grade. On my "Waldorf homeschooling" journey I have found that it is impractical to approach my family's home educational setting as though I were a Waldorf class teacher, creating main lesson material from scratch and not using any "packaged" or already prepared curriculum. In discussions with other Waldorf homeschoolers I have heard similar storiesthere are those of us who have tried and found ourselves in an impossible situation. Some Waldorf class teachers themselves have encountered this as well, but that's another story! The Waldorf philosophy brings a depth and beauty to education, as well as a timetable for introducing certain subjects at certain ages based on the unfolding consciousness of the child. It has been my experience that this timetable can really be right on the mark! This is what led me to explore how I could pull some main lesson ideas from the already well-written Oak Meadow curriculum while also integrating some of the more potent Waldorf material. To begin with, Oak Meadow is basically a homeschooling course offering curricula for pre-school through 12th grade. The founders of Oak Meadow, Lawrence Williams, EdD, an experienced Waldorf educator, and his wife Bonnie, created a Waldorf-influenced homeschooling course after having gone through quite an amazing journey. Their story can be found on the Oak Meadow web site at:

74. Mothering Magazine Article: The Wisdom Of Waldorf The waldorf approach also goes against the current tide of teaching The firstpublic school using waldorf methods was founded in Milwaukee in 1991. http://www.mothering.com/articles/growing_child/education/waldorf.html

make mothering.com your home page subscription services discuss ... growing child editorial columns choose a column a quiet place food for families family tools choose a tool resource directory find a practitioner parenting toolbox product safety media reviews family fun guide send an e-card family astrology community features choose a feature birth stories find a Mothering friend live chat mothers' writing group teen voices growing child education The Wisdom of Waldorf: Education for the Future By Rahima Baldwin Dancy Issue 123, March/April 2004 Educating for Cultural Renewal Waldorf education put down roots in America in 1928 with the founding of the Rudolf Steiner School of New York City. Joining in this celebration of 75 years of Waldorf education in North America are more than 157 private schools affiliated with the Association of Waldorf Schools of North America, as well as scores of early-childhood programs and a growing number of Waldorf-oriented approaches in public schools. Another factor in this rapid growth is that Waldorf schools try to counteract the isolation inherent in modern life by helping parents connect with one another in community. For example, parents have opportunities to come together in parent-tot groups, toy-making classes, study groups, assemblies, and festival celebrations. Some schools have biodynamic gardens, or participate in Community Supported Agriculture programs. Steiner also explored new social forms for teachers, feeling strongly that schools should not be run by political appointees or principals who dictate from on high. Rather, decision-making in Waldorf schools is a collaborative process involving faculty, staff, and parent volunteers.

75. Frequently Asked Questions About Waldorf Education This includes practice teaching in a waldorf school under the supervision forms the theoretical basis to the teaching methods used in waldorf schools, http://www.steiner-australia.org/other/Wald_faq.html

Frequently Asked Questions About Waldorf (Steiner) Education Located at Steiner Schools in Australia www.steiner-australia.org What is Waldorf Education? Waldorf education is a unique and distinctive approach to educating children that is practiced in Waldorf schools worldwide. Waldorf schools collectively form the largest, and quite possibly the fastest growing, group of independent private schools in the world. There is no centralised administrative structure governing all Waldorf schools; each is administratively independent, but there are established associations which provide resources, publish materials, sponsor conferences, and promote the movement. What is unique about Waldorf Education? How is it different from other alternatives (Public Schooling, Montessori, etc.)? The best overall statement on what is unique about Waldorf education is to be found in the stated goals of the schooling: "to produce individuals who are able, in and of themselves, to impart meaning to their lives". The aim of Waldorf schooling is to educate the whole child, "head, heart and hands". The curriculum is as broad as time will allow, and balances academics subjects with artistic and practical activities.

76. Mothering: The Wisdom Of Waldorf: Education For The Future People educated by Steiner s methods would be more likely to discover and implement The waldorf approach also goes against the current tide of teaching http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0838/is_123/ai_n6038364

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles Mothering March-April 2004 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Featured Titles for Air Classics Art Culinaire Ask CPSC Monitor ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports The wisdom of Waldorf: education for the future Mothering March-April, 2004 by Rahima Baldwin Dancy Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. In a world of accelerating change and increasing uncertainty, what values will help inspire and sustain children as they become young adults? Unlike past generations, children today can expect to have several careers during their lives, and they can expect to be lifelong learners because many of the jobs they will have don't yet exist. The pace of change today is accelerating as never before in history. How can we prepare a generation that will be comfortable with change and will have the tools and the willingness to confrontand solvethe many problems of our global society, instead of sinking into cynicism or apathy? Many parents, when they choose their first preschool or send their child to first grade, are unaware of the underlying values or the long-term implications of the educational system they have chosen. Overwhelmed by the demands of daily life, parents often don't have the energy or resources to consider how their choices today might affect their child's life as a teenager or adult. But an increasing number of parents are looking at the big picture and investigating Waldorf education, a worldwide approach to education for preschool through grade 12 developed by Rudolf Steiner and thousands of teachers on five continents. In the past 20 years, Waldorf has become the largest private school movement in the world, and Waldorf methods are now being taken up by a growing number of homeschooling families and public charter and magnet schools throughout the US. But why is an approach to education that was developed in 1919 by an Austrian researcher and educator so relevant to today's world?

77. Conscious Choice: Waldorf Schools In addition to the conception of teaching as an art, the waldorf curriculum Currently, waldorf methods are proving effective in helping juvenile http://www.consciouschoice.com/2000/cc1308/waldorfschools1308.html

Search this site: A Dragonfly Village Publication Home News Directory Calendar ... August 2000 Waldorf Schools Educating the Whole Child by Claudia M. Lenart "I like to use the analogy of a Waldorf School as a garden and the teacher as the gardener. Our job is not to turn a cabbage into a rose or a rose into a cabbage, but to weed and mulch so the cabbage is the healthiest and best you've ever seen and the rose is the most beautiful and the best you've ever seen," says Susan Stevenson, a teacher at Chicago Waldorf School. In addition, the Waldorf curriculum is based on children's developmental stages. Steiner believed students go through three major developmental stages. The first, early childhood, lasts until about seven, when children start to get their permanent teeth. During this stage, Steiner posits that children learn best through physical activity and play. The second stage is said to go from seven to fourteen, when children learn through feeling and imagination and the arts speak deeply to them. The final stage is the thinking stage, when students are expected to begin developing their intellectual abilities. Steiner accused traditional education of focusing too much on the intellectual and dry textbook-style of learning, and noted that children who only learn on one level become bored.

78. Goethe-Institut - School And Work - Topics waldorf kindergartens, which also follow Steiner’s pedagogical methods. The basic concept of waldorf teaching, according to Walter Hiller from the http://www.goethe.de/kug/buw/sub/thm/en190031.htm

Contact About Us FAQ Presse ... Institutes School and Work: Topics The Arts Society Media and Information Education and Science ... Search Learning for Life 85 Years of Waldorf Teaching The shock of the PISA test results and the dissatisfaction with the normal state schools have unleashed a dash for the 187 Waldorf schools in Germanytional institutions, whose pedagogical concept is based on that of the anthroposophist Rudolf Steiner. But his approach is controversial. The year 2004 marked the 85th anniversary of the "Uhlandsh¶he" Waldorf school in Stuttgart. In September 1919, Emil Moldt, the owner of the "Waldorf-Astoria" cigar factory, set up the first Waldorf school for the children of his employees in a former caf©. He asked the anthroposophist Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925) to design and realise the school. Germany now has 187 Waldorf schools teaching some 80,000 pupils; world-wide, there are about 900 schools. In addition, there are special schools for the disabled, and, generally linked to the schools, Waldorf kindergartens, which also follow Steiner’s pedagogical methods. Differences from the Normal State Schools The basic concept of Waldorf teaching, according to Walter Hiller from the Association of Independent Waldorf Schools, is that kindergarten and school teaching is oriented to the physical, spiritual and mental development of the child. Following this approach, creative, artistic and craft-based subjects like handicrafts, needlework or gardening are of far greater importance at Waldorf schools than at normal state schools. And there are many more differences between the two types of school. In the 12 years of Waldorf schooling, the pupils usually stay in "their" class through to the final year. Children are not made to repeat school years, and there are no grades. Rather, at the end of a school year, the teachers provide a written assessment which describes the development of each child’s personality and abilities.

79. Balanced Living Magazine - September - October 2004 - Educating The Whole Child Both the waldorf and the Montessori teaching methods enact a belief that education spurpose is to facilitate a balanced learning process that encompasses http://www.balancedlivingmag.com/2004/Sept - Oct 04/Educating the Whole Child .h

The Main Lessons, as they are called in Waldorf Education, are math, science, English and grammar, literature and history, and geography. Literature and history are taught at Spring Garden in grade one (along with the alphabet and numbers) through folktales, fairytales and nature stories. As the students progress through eighth grade, literature and history are learned through a variety of modes that includes everything from fables to Native American stories to literature from the 1700s to the present. First-graders garden and study nature as they move through a science curriculum that includes zoology in grade four, botany in grade six and chemistry, anatomy, physiology and physics by grade eight. Math and geography follow a similar trajectory. Children learn through artistic activities, movement, speech and presentations by the teacher. Learning becomes an inner experience and a spontaneous process of discovery. A Waldorf curriculum incorporates activities that have become expendable in many schools, such as music, art and foreign language. The Waldorf curriculum also integrates unique classes such as knitting, quilting and woodworking. Physical education stresses noncompetitive sports and rhythmic exercises in the younger grades and softball, basketball, kickball, gymnastics and volleyball in the upper grades. Fifth-graders recreate the Greek Pentathlon. Like Steiner, Maria Montessori was also a scientist who saw the importance of educating the whole child. She was nominated three times for the Nobel Peace Prize before her death in 1952. Born in 1870 in Italy, Montessori was a physician who became intrigued by how children learn. Returning to school to study psychology and philosophy, she eventually left her medical practice and teaching post to work with the young children of working parents in Rome. Observing that children effortlessly absorb knowledge from their surroundings and have a tireless, natural interest in manipulating materials, Montessori concluded that children have the ability to teach themselves. She developed a method of education around these concepts and opened the first Montessori school in 1907. Her method is now used in thousands of classrooms around the world. Helen Keller, Thomas Edison and Alexander Bell were some of her many supporters.

80. River Song Waldorf School - Frequently Asked Questions Basic introduction answering 23 frequently asked questions about this type ofeducation. http://www.fortnet.org/rsws/waldorf/faq.html

1. What is Waldorf education? Waldorf education is a unique and distinctive approach to educating children that is practiced in Waldorf schools worldwide. Waldorf schools collectively form the largest, and quite possibly the fastest growing, group of independent private schools in the world. There is no centralized administrative structure governing all Waldorf schools; each is administratively independent, but there are established associations which provide resources, publish materials, sponsor conferences, and promote the movement. 2. What is unique about Waldorf education? How is it different from other alternatives (public schooling, Montessori, unschooling, etc.)? The best overall statement on what is unique about Waldorf education is to be found in the stated goals of the schooling: "to produce individuals who are able, in and of themselves, to impart meaning to their lives". The aim of Waldorf schooling is to educate the whole child, "head, heart and hands". The curriculum is as broad as time will allow, and balances academics subjects with artistic and practical activities. Waldorf teachers are dedicated to creating a genuine love of learning within each child. By freely using arts and activities in the service of teaching academics, an internal motivation to learn is developed in the students, doing away with the need for competitive testing and grading.

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