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         Turkmenistan History:     more books (38)
  1. Turkmenistan: Terre d'histoire et de progrès (Turkmenistan: Land of History and Progress)
  2. Turkmenistan Can Build Strategic Links Through Iran, If Its Leader Gets Positive.: An article from: APS Diplomat News Service
  3. Executive Report on Strategies in Turkmenistan, 2000 edition (Strategic Planning Series) by The Turkmenistan Research Group, The Turkmenistan Research Group, 2000-11-02
  4. "Zheng-i Merv" Source and History of Southern Turkmenistan in the Mid-19th Century"Zheng-e Merv" kak persidskii istochnik po izucheniyu istorii Yuznovo Turkmenistana serediny 19 v. by M Saparov, 1990
  5. Tribal Nation: The Making of Soviet Turkmenistan.(Book review): An article from: Canadian Journal of History by Aurelie Campana, 2005-12-01
  6. Politics of Language in the Ex-Soviet Muslim States: Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan by C. Hurst & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., Barbara Kellner-Heinkele, 2001-08-14
  7. Southern Turkmenistan in the Neolithic: A Petrographic Case Study (Bar International) by J. W. Coolidge, 2005-01
  8. 21st Century Complete Guide to Turkmenistan - Encyclopedic Coverage, Country Profile, History, DOD, State Dept., White House, CIA Factbook (Two CD-ROM Set) by U.S. Government, 2007-10-12
  9. Historical Dictionary of Turkmenistan (Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East) by Rafis Abazov, 2005-01-28
  10. Biogeography and Ecology of Turkmenistan (Monographiae Biologicae)
  11. Tribal Nation: The Making of Soviet Turkmenistan by Adrienne Lynn Edgar, 2006-09-05
  12. Central Asia: History, Ethnicity, Modernity (Central Asia Research Forum Series.) by Everett-HeatH, 2003-07-07
  13. Turkmenistan (Cultures of the World) by Marylee Knowlton, 2006-03-30
  14. The Law & Politics of the Caspian Sea in the Twenty-First Century: The Positions and Views of Russia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, With Special Reference to Iran by Bahman Aghai-Diba, 2003-01-01

101. Asian American Net: Turkmenistan
turkmenistan Information Center. National data, history, photos, news, turkmenistan Resource Page. Brief history, maps, fact book ethnic info,
http://www.asianamerican.net/turkmen_main.html
Central Asia Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan ... Uzbekistan Republic of Turkmenistan Embassy Address:
2207 Massachusetts Avenue, NW
Washington, D.C. 20008
Phone: 202-588-1500
Fax: 202-588-0697
E-Mail: turkmen@earthlink.net
Turkmenistan Embassy in Washington, DC

American Embassy in Ashgabat
President of Turkmenistan ... Constitution and Law: Banks and Financial Institutions: Investing, Doing Business in Turkmenistan:

102. Turkmenistan Genealogy: Resources For Family History Research
history Culture. Miscellaneous Resources. 007 Web Directory Genealogy NedGen.com; Adoption Resources Adoption related news, books and web resources.
http://www.kindredtrails.com/turkmenistan.html
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103. Turkmenistan
Official web sites of turkmenistan, the capital of turkmenistan, art, culture, history, cities, airlines, embassies, tourist boards and newspapers.
http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/turkmenistan.htm
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keywords: turkmenistan information, best of turkmenistan, turkmenistan newspapers, tourist information for turkmenistan, turkmenistan tourism, turkmenistan map Note: Links will open in a new browser window.
Turkmenistan Country Code: tm
Flag
of Turkmenistan Background:
Annexed by Russia between 1865 and 1885, Turkmenistan became a Soviet republic in 1925.
It achieved its independence upon the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. President NIYAZOV retains absolute control over the country and opposition is not tolerated.
Extensive hydrocarbon/natural gas reserves could prove a boon to this underdeveloped country if extraction and delivery projects can be worked out.
(Source: CIA - The World Factbook) border countries: Afghanistan Iran Kazakhstan Uzbekistan
Official Sites of Turkmenistan Embassy of Turkmenistan Washington, D.C. Capital City: Ashgabat Maps Political Map of Turkmenistan Caucasus and Central Asia Map Map of Central Asia and the Caucasus region. Turkmenistan.News

104. History (from Turkmenistan) --  Encyclopædia Britannica
history (from turkmenistan) It is possible to follow the development of human habitats in southern turkmenistan from Paleolithic times to the present.
http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-214562
Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Introduction The land Relief Drainage ... Transportation Administration and social conditions Government Education Cultural life History Additional Reading Geography History Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products Turkmenistan
Page 16 of 18 History
It is possible to follow the development of human habitats in southern Turkmenistan from Paleolithic times to the present. Some of the earliest traces of agriculture in Central Asia were discovered some 20 miles (32 kilometres) north of Ashgabat in the Neolithic Jeitun civilization, which may be dated to the 5th millennium

105. General Information
A branch of the Huns wrested control of southern turkmenistan from the Sasanian Although turkmenistan was still populated mostly by nomadic herders,
http://www.tacistm.org/tempus/Turkm/history.htm
Homepage Current Project Past project Your Proposal New Proposals Strategy Ministry Priorities 2002 EuropeAid Office ... What to take Main Cities: Ashgabat Balkanabat Dashoguz Mary ... Turkmenbashi Tools from the Stone-Age have been discovered along the Caspian Sea shore and near the modern port of Turkmenbashi, establishing the pre-historic presence of humans in the area that is today known as Turkmenistan. The remains of farming settlements in the Kopet-Dag Mountains date back 8,000 years. The ancient cultivators in this region used the mountain streams to irrigate their crops. They also survived by herding livestock and by hunting wild game.
As early societies learned to make pottery and metal tools, they began to trade with other peoples of central Asia. This profitable trade however, also attracted foreign invaders. By the 6th century B.C., the powerful Persian Empire had established the provinces of Parthia and Margiana, in what is now Turkmenistan. From their base south of the Kopet-Dag range, the Persians controlled trade through central Asia and subdued the many nomadic peoples who lived on Turkmenistan's arid plains.
Early Rulers
In the 4th century B.C., the Persian Empire was defeated by the army of Alexander the Great. In 330 B.C., Alexander marched northward into central Asia and founded the city of Alexandria near the Murgab River. Located on an important trade route, Alexandria later became the city of Merv (modern Mary). The ruins of Alexander's ancient city are still visible along the banks of the Murgab River.

106. Turkmen Carpets Online
Classic Turkmen and Bukhara handmade carpets. Sales, history, information.
http://www.turkmenistan-online.com

107. Alcohol And Drugs History Society: Turkmenistan
Online home of The Social history of Alcohol and Drugs Canada, Heroin, Opium, Pakistan, turkmenistan , United States Permalink Comments (0)
http://historyofalcoholanddrugs.typepad.com/alcohol_and_drugs_history/turkmenist
Alcohol and Drugs History Society
Online home of The Social History of Alcohol and Drugs
Website Table of Contents
Join the ADHS and receive the print edition of the SHAD. Use your major credit card. For an individual one-year membership and subscription to a North American mailing address, click here: For an individual one-year membership and subscription to an address outside North America, click here: For an institutional membership to an address anywhere in the world, click here:
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MSNBC News reported on 3 March 2004 that drug traffickers are targeting middle-class Americans with high-purity heroin that users can smoke rather than inject. Find the full story here Posted by Matthew McKean on March 3, 2005 at 06:50 PM in Afghanistan Canada Heroin Opium ... Join the ADHS (PDF)
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108. Turkmenistan Republican Party
official site of the Republican party of turkmenistan in exile
http://www.tmrepublican.org/
Turkmenistan Today Remarks on Niyazov Our Values In 2003, Freedom House listed Turkmenistan amongst the world's eight "worst" regimes, determined by their repression of civil liberties and political rights.
"Turkmenbashi the Great is committing mind-boggling rights abuses in Turkmenistan. There is a huge gap between the law as it is presented and the reality marked by terror and fear."
We believe in a democratic and open society, based on the rule of law, separation of executive, judicial and legislative power. We believe in an effective functioning Government, a free market economy, an independent press and a vibrant civil society. We believe in freedom of thought, conscience, and religion. We believe in adherance to human rights. We believe that good Government is based on the individual and that each person's ability, dignity, freedom and responsibilty must be honored and recognized. We believe that only free enterprise and the encouragement of individual initiative and incentive will bring prosperity. We believe that sound money policy and strong education should be our goal.

109. Turkmenistan: Selected Internet Resources (Portals To The World, Library Of Cong
Annotated directory covering a broad range of subjects selected by Library of Congress specialists.
http://www.loc.gov/rr/international/amed/turkmenistan/turkmenistan.html
The Library of Congress Global Gateway Portals to the World Find in Portals Web Pages Global Gateway Pages All Library Web Pages
Turkmenistan
Created and maintained by the
Collections and Services Directorate General Resources
Business, Commerce, Economy

Culture

Education
...
Society

Wearing traditional dress and headgear, a Turkmen camel driver poses with his camel, laden with what is most likely grain or cotton. Image from the online exhibition "The Empire that was Russia the Prokudin-Gorskii Photographic Record Recreated" Suggest a Link African and Middle Eastern countries African and Middle Eastern Reading Room ... Portals to the World
July 21, 2005 Ask a Librarian

110. Turkmenistan Map
Relief map from the University of Texas.
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east_and_asia/turkmenistan_relief.jpg

111. Turkmenistan Freight Forwarders Directory
Listings of freight forwarders, shipping agents and NVOCCs.
http://sailings.to/turkmenistan/freight-forwarders-directory.html
turkmenistan Freight Forwarders and Shipping Agents,
Links to Telephone Numbers, Fax Numbers, eMail Addresses and Company Websites.
Freight Directory Main Menu
Freight Forwarders / NVOCCs Listing

112. Global Geografia - Asia, Turkmenistan
Scheda con informazioni generali.
http://www.globalgeografia.com/asia/turkmenistan.htm
» SPONSOR
ASIA
STATI E DIPENDENZE » TURKMENISTAN Repubblica del Turkmenistan
Türkmenistan

Superficie: 488.341 Km²
Abitanti: 4.603.000 (stime 2001)
Densità: 9,5 ab/Km²
Forma di governo: Repubblica presidenziale
Capitale: Ashabad (518.000 ab.)
Altre città: Cardzev 70.000 ab., Dashovuz 42.000 ab.
Gruppi etnici: Turkmeni 68%, Russi 13%, Uzbeki 9%
Paesi confinanti: Kazakistan ed Uzbekistan a NORD, Afghanistan e Iran a SUD Monti principali: Gora Reza 2942 m Fiumi principali: Amudarja 2540 Km (totale, compresi tratti tagiko, afghano e uzbeco) Laghi principali: Mar Caspio 371.000 Km² (comprese parti russa, azera, iraniana e kazaka), Bacino di Sarykarnys 800 Km² (compresa parte uzbeca) Isole principali: Ostrov Ogurchinskiy Clima: Continentale - arido Lingua: Turkmeno (ufficiale), Uzbeco, Russo Religione: Musulmana 85%, Ortodossa orientale 10% Moneta: Manat turkmeno GLOBALGEOGRAFIA.com

113. Travel & Tourism
from the Turkmen Embassy in Washington
http://www.turkmenistanembassy.org/turkmen/travel/airline.html
Flying to Turkmenistan SPECIAL NOTE TO TRAVEL AGENTS: Turkmenistan Airlines' IATA code is T5. International schedules are published in OAG. For fares and availability, bookings, and ticketing instructions, please contact Turkmenistan Airlines' London office listed below. Several airlines fly to Turkmenistan including Turkmenistan Airlines and Lufthansa. Below is listed the contact numbers for Turkmenistan Airlines offices throughout Europe and Central Asia as well as the specific flight available from Birmingham, and London, England. Turkmenistan Airlines - the only airline offering non-stop service from Europe to Turkmenistan. Check Birmingham International Airport's Home Page for flight changes Aircraft types:
733: Boeing 737-300
757: Boeing 757-200
  • Convenient connections to Delhi, Karachi, Abu-Dhabi, and Central Asia

114. WashingtonPost.com: International: Turkmenistan
Weather, information, some links.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/worldref/country/turkmeni.ht

Search the World
World Section
The oil refinery in the coastal town of Turkmenbashy is part of an oil rush in the Caspian Sea.
(AP Photo/ Misha Japaridze)

The links below will take you out of this site. Use the BACK button to return. CIA World Factbook
A detailed list of facts and figures for Turkmenistan. U.S. State Department Notes
This document describes the history, government, politics and economy of Turkmenistan. Internet Links
Select Internet sites and Web publications:
  • Embassy of Turkmenistan: Washington, D.C.
  • Turkmenistan Resource Page
  • Destination Turkmenistan
  • The Unofficial Peace Corps Turkmenistan Site
    News

    Recent stories about Turkmenistan: The Washington Post The Associated Press World Currency/Stocks: International Currency International Stocks World Weather: International Weather Page Country Search Enter a country name for news, background and Internet links: Complete Country List If you got to this page by way of the pop-up interactive map, click here to bring the window to the front. Search the Site: Enter a keyword to find a section or special package.
  • 115. Work In Turkmenistan
    A synopsis of current research at the sites of Bolshoi Balkan and Jeitun by the University of Sheffield.
    http://www.shef.ac.uk/uni/academic/A-C/ap/research/turkmen.html

    116. Turkmenistan - Viquipèdia
    Estat d'€sia de capital Ashgabat. Superf­cie, poblaci³, lleng¼es i religions.
    http://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistan
    Turkmenistan
    De Viquip¨dia
    T¼rkmenistan Jumhuriy¤ti Bandera Escut Lema nacional : Cap Idiomes oficials Turcman Capital Askhabad
    37° 58' N, 58° 20' E Ciutat m©s gran Askhabad Govern President
    Primer Ministre
    ... Democr cia parlament ria
    Saparmurat Niyazov
    Saparmurat Niyazov Superf­cie
    488.100 km²

    Poblaci³

    Densitat
    ... Sobirania
    de la Uni³ Sovi¨tica 27 d'octubre de Himne nacional Himne Nacional del Turkmenistan Independent i Neutral Domini internet .tm Codi telef²nic Gentilici Turcman El Turkmenistan ©s un estat d' €sia de capital Ashgabat T© una superf­cie de 488.100 km² i una poblaci³ d'uns 4.500.000 d'habitants. La poblaci³ es divideix en un 77% de turcomans (turkmens), un 9,2% d'uzbeks, un 6.7 de russos mentre que tatars, alemanys i altres compten amb un 5%. La llengua oficial i tamb© majorit ria ©s el turkmen que es parlat per un 72% de la poblaci³, seguida pel rus , principalment a les ciutats, amb un 12% i l' uzbek que ©s la llengua del 9%. Tamb© existeix varietat de religions, donat que un 89% s³n musulmans , i un 9% s³n membres de l'esgl¨sia ortodoxa russa, la resta pertanyen a petites minories,i algunes d'elles, com els Testimonis de Jehov  pateixen la manca de llibertat religiosa.

    117. John McCall Talks About Serving In Turkmenistan
    Observations from Ashgabat 199697
    http://www.chaihana.com/mccall.html
    A word of introduction from Greg: John P. McCall and his wife Mary were volunteers in the first Turkmenistan Peace Corps group. (a.k.a. T1) John was also the president of Knox College before joining the Peace Corps. This article is reprinted from the Knox Alumnus magazine of April 1998. Please do not reprint or distribute without their permission. All their rights are reserved. Teaching and Learning in Turkmenistan reprinted from Knox Alumnus · April 1998
    by John P. McCall Excerpts from a talk to the Caxton Club, September 25, 1997.
    Almost four years ago, Mrs. McCall and I went on a great adventure. We volunteered to serve in the Peace Corps teaching English and were assigned to the former Soviet Republic of Turkmenia, now Turkmenistan. We arrived in the capital city of Ashgabat in October 1993, as part of the first Peace Corps team in Turkmenistan. Peace Corps groups had aleady been sent to the neighboring republics of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Kirghistan. When we arrived, 32 Americans, we doubled the population of native English speakers in the country. That included European Community people from England and Ireland there on a variety of programs, the American ambassador and his staff, plus Peace Corps administrators. After three months of orientation, we were out among the people, paid our living allowance not in U.S. dollars or Russian rubles but in manat, the local currency.

    118. CNN.com - Turkmenistan Blasts Russian Attempts To Solve Caspian Dispute - Octobe
    CNN
    http://www.cnn.com/2000/ASIANOW/central/10/03/turkmenistan.russia.ap/index.html
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    Gore accepts visiting professor post at Columbia Lott calls Justice Department 'cesspool,' Ashcroft foes 'extremists' ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES:
    Turkmenistan blasts Russian attempts to solve Caspian dispute
    October 4, 2000

    119. CNN.com - China Records Strong Earthquake In Turkmenistan - December 6, 2000
    CNN
    http://cnn.com/2000/ASIANOW/central/12/06/quake.turkmenistan.02.reut/index.html
    asianow Editions myCNN Video ... Feedback
    CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages
    Search
    AsiaNow TIME Only Asiaweek Only CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web
    ASIANOW

    TOP STORIES
    Faith, madness, magic mix at sacred Hindu festival

    MORE

    TOP STORIES
    Tanker spills remaining fuel near Galapagos as captain detained

    Final two Texas fugitives make first court appearance
    Gore accepts visiting professor post at Columbia Lott calls Justice Department 'cesspool,' Ashcroft foes 'extremists' ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES:
    China records strong earthquake in Turkmenistan
    December 7, 2000

    120. China – Ein Land Der Gegensätze
    Berichte mit Fotos einer Reise von Istanbul nach Hongkong entlang der Seidenstrasse. 20'000 km durch die T¼rkei, Iran, turkmenistan, Usbekistan, Kirgisien, Kasachstan und China im September/Oktober 2000.
    http://www.studyrussian.com/seidenstrasse/
    Istanbul bis Hongkong durch Iran, Turkmenistan, Usbekistan, Kirigisien, Kasachstan
    14.Juli bis 17.September 2000
    Berichte und Bilder von unserer Reise entlang der Seidenstrasse
    Abflug in die Tuerkei und Istanbul

    Ankara und die Fahrt durch Anatolien

    Nordwest Iran: Tabriz-Sanandaj-Hamadan-Isfahan

    Isfahan, paradiesische Stadt der Moscheen, Palaeste, Gaerten und Teppiche
    ...
    China - ein Land der Gegensaetze
    >Fortsetzung der Reise durch Indochina von Hongkong bis nach Bangkok

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