1. TURKMENISTAN Government Links turkmenistan government Links. United Opposition of Turkmenistan TheTurkmenia Foundation Žôèöèàëüíûé ñàéò Žáúåäèíåííîé Žïïîçèöèè ’óðêìåíèñòàíà http://www.eurasianet.org/resource/turkmenistan/links/government.shtml

home about partners events ... site map COUNTRIES DEPARTMENTS Eurasia Insight Civil Society CARTOON DISPATCH From Central Asia -Ted Rall Photo Essays TURKMENISTAN GOVERNMENT LINKS Departments Ministry of Communications of Turkmenistan Embassies and Consulates Embassy of Turkmenistan in Washington, DC United States Embassy in Ashgabat British Embassy in Turkmenistan Opposition Groups ( Žïïîçèöèè ) United Opposition of Turkmenistan - The Turkmenia Foundation Agzybyrlik Democratic Movement of the Turkmenistani Power Structures Dogry Yol (True Path) People's Democratic Movement of Turkmenistan ... Social-Political Movement "Watan" Ministry of Culture 14 Pushkina Street 744000 Ashkhabad, Turkmenistan Tel: (7-3632) 253560, 253570 Tel: (7-3632) 253417 International Relations Fax: (7-3632) 511991, 256985 Telex: 116175 tinto Mr. Saparmurad Nuriyev, Minister

2. CIA - The World Factbook Turkmenistan Government Turkmenistan. Top of Page. Country name http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

3. EurasiaNet Human Rights - Turkmenistan: Government Orders People Out Of Their Ho turkmenistan government Orders People Out Of Their Homes In Name Of UrbanRenewal news and analysis about Central Asia and the Caucasus. http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/rights/articles/pp072404.shtml

Eurasia Insight Analysis of current affairs Deals, Developments, and Trends Environment Hazards and Solutions Expert and Observer Interviews Culture News, Book Reviews, and Photo Essays Human Rights Monitoring and Actions Recaps Summaries of Expert Meetings Letters to the Editor East of Magnum An Online Photo Exhibition EurasiaNet Partners Contributing Sites Grants and Employment Opportunities in Central Eurasia Search EurasiaNet Eurasia Policy Forum Drug Policy, HIV/AIDS and the Public Health Crisis in Central Asia Caspian Revenue Watch HUMAN RIGHTS Bruce Pannier: 7/24/04 A EurasiaNet Partner Post from RFE/RL The Turkmen government at the behest of President Saparmurat Niyazov is in the midst of a drastic urban renewal project in the capital Ashgabat. These may be pleasing additions to some Turkmen who make their home in Ashgabat. But for others, the coming attractions are already the source of bitter resentment.

4. History Of Turkmenistan History of Turkmenistan with maps, links and articles. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. Turkmenistan Government - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Reso turkmenistan government Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, NaturalResources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, http://www.photius.com/wfb/wfb1999/turkmenistan/turkmenistan_government.html

MAIN INDEX 1999 INDEX Geography People Government Economy Communicat's Transportation Military ... [TOP] Turkmenistan Government Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turkmenistan local long form: none local short form: Turkmenistan former: Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic Data code: TX Government type: republic Capital: Ashgabat Administrative divisions: note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) Independence: 27 October 1991 (from the Soviet Union) National holiday: Independence Day, 27 October (1991) Constitution: adopted 18 May 1992 Legal system: based on civil law system Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state: head of government: cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president note: NIYAZOV has been asked by various local groups, most recently on 21 December 1998 at the Second Congress of the Democratic Party, to be "president for life," but he has declined, saying the status would require an amendment to the constitution elections: election results: Legislative branch: under the 1992 constitution, there are two parliamentary bodies, a unicameral People's Council or Halk Maslahaty (more than 100 seats, some of which are elected by popular vote and some of which are appointed; meets infrequently) and a unicameral Assembly or Majlis (50 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

6. Turkmenistan Government - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography turkmenistan government Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. Turkmenistan Government - Flags, Maps, Economy, Government, Climate, Natural Res turkmenistan government Flags, Maps, Economy, Government, Climate, NaturalResources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, http://www.photius.com/countries/turkmenistan/government/

Country Ranks INDEX for Turkmenistan History ... Feedback Turkmenistan - Government Index http://www.photius.com/countries/turkmenistan/government/index.html Sources: The Library of Congress Country Studies; CIA World Factbook Current Government Profile Historical Analysis Government and Politics Centers of Political Power Government Structure Political Parties ... Caspian Sea Issues NOTE: The information regarding Turkmenistan on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies and the CIA World Factbook. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Turkmenistan Government information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Turkmenistan Government should be addressed to the Library of Congress and the CIA. Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - http://www.photius.com/countries/turkmenistan/government/index.html Revised 27-Mar-05 Photius Coutsoukis

8. EMBASSY OF TURKMENISTAN, Washington DC USA Index Welcome to the Embassy of Turkmenistan's World Wide Web information service General Information History Culture Government Politics http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. TURKMENISTAN Government Links turkmenistan government Links http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. Forbes.com Turkmenistan Buys $77M Worth Of Equipment Associated Press Turkmenistan Buys $77M Worth of Equipment 10.07.2004, 1021 AM Turkmenistan's government signed contracts on Thursday to buy http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. Turkmenistan Government Government of Turkmenistan. Country name conventional long form none conventionalshort form Turkmenistan local long form none local short form http://www.abacci.com/atlas/politics.asp?countryID=346

12. ABC Country Book Of Turkmenistan - Government Flag, Map, Economy Turkmenistan Interactive Factbook GEOGRAPHY, Flag, Map Geography, People, Government, Economy, Transportation, Communications http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

13. Turkmenistan Government Turkmenistan Government, Turkmenistan Government homepage, turkmenistan government web, Turkmenistan Government net, information about Turkmenistan http://search.asiaco.com/Turkmenistan/Government/

14. U.S. Embassy, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Homepage Ashgabat Alumni EWork Embassy of Turkmenistan, Washington, D.C Turkmenistan Links U.S.A. Links LATEST U.S. GOVERNMENT POLICY STATEMENTS http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. 1Up Travel Turkmenistan Government - Facts On Government Of Wanted to find out info about Government of Turkmenistan with respect to Country name, Data code, Dependency status, Government type, Capital http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

16. AllRefer.com - Turkmenistan: Government (**turkmenistan-adj** Government) :Capit AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete informationon Turkmenistan with respect to Government, Country name, conventional long http://reference.allrefer.com/world/countries/turkmenistan/government.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather September 26, 2005 Medicine People Places History ... Maps Web AllRefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Reference World Countries ... Turkmenistan - Government Turkmenistan: Government Government Turkmenistan Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turkmenistan local long form: none former: Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic local short form: Turkmenistan Government type: republic Capital: Ashgabat Administrative divisions: 5 provinces (welayatlar, singular - welayat): Ahal Welayaty (Ashgabat), Balkan Welayaty (Balkanabat), Dashoguz Welayaty, Lebap Welayaty (Turkmenabat), Mary Welayaty note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) Independence: 27 October 1991 (from the Soviet Union) National holiday: Independence Day, 27 October (1991) Constitution: adopted 18 May 1992 Legal system: based on civil law system Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

17. Political Resources On The Net - Turkmenistan Index of Turkmenistan political sites. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

18. Regional: Asia: Turkmenistan: Government And Politics - Open Site Regional Asia turkmenistan government and Politics Open Site. http://open-site.org/Regional/Asia/Turkmenistan/Government_and_Politics/

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project home submit content become an editor the entire directory only in Turkmenistan/Government_and_Politics Top Regional Asia Turkmenistan : Government and Politics Foreign Relations Overview Following the end of the Cold War and the breakup of the Soviet Union, Turkmenistan declared its independence on October 27, 1991. Saparmurat Niyazov became the first president of the new republic and still remains the supreme decision-maker. On December 28, 1999, Niyazov's term was extended indefinitely by the Majlis (parliament), which itself had taken office only a week earlier in flawed elections that included only candidates hand-picked by President Niyazov. Neither independent political activity nor opposition candidates are allowed in Turkmenistan. The Democratic Party of Turkmenistan (DPT) is the only legal political party. Political gatherings are illegal unless government sanctioned, and the citizens of Turkmenistan do not have the means to change their government democratically. On November 25, 2002, an armed attack against President Niyazov's motorcade was made and the Government of Turkmenistan moved quickly against perceived sources of opposition. There were widespread reports of human rights abuses committed by officials investigating the attack, including torture and punishment of families of the accused. The Government of Turkmenistan denied the charges, but refused to allow independent observers at trials, to accept a mandatory OSCE fact-finding mission, or to permit ICRC access to prisons. It also instituted new measures to stifle dissent and limit contact with the outside world.

19. Regional: Asia: Turkmenistan: Government And Politics: Foreign Relations - Open Regional Asia turkmenistan government and Politics Foreign Relations Open Site. http://open-site.org/Regional/Asia/Turkmenistan/Government_and_Politics/Foreign_

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project home submit content become an editor the entire directory only in Government_and_Politics/Foreign_Relations Top Regional Asia Turkmenistan ... Government and Politics : Foreign Relations Overview Turkmenistan’s declaration of “permanent neutrality” was formally recognized by the United Nations in 1995. Although the Government of Turkmenistan favors purchases from the United States, it has significant commercial relationships with Turkey, Russia, and Iran. The government worked closely with the Taliban regime in Afghanistan until September 11, 2001, and until that time had a growing cross-border trade with the regime in Afghanistan. Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan wrestle with sharing limited water resources and regional environmental degradation caused by the shrinking of the Aral Sea. Multilaterally accepted Caspian Sea seabed and maritime boundaries have not yet been established. Iran and Turkmenistan insist on dividing the Caspian Sea into five equal sectors while Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Russia have generally agreed upon equidistant seabed boundaries. United States Relations For several years, Turkmenistan was a key player in the U.S. Caspian Basin Energy Initiative, which sought to facilitate negotiations between commercial partners and the Governments of Turkmenistan, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Turkey to build a pipeline under the Caspian Sea and export Turkmen gas to the Turkish domestic energy market and beyondthe so-called Trans-Caspian Gas Pipeline (TCGP). However, the Government of Turkmenistan essentially removed itself from the negotiations in 2000 by refusing all offers by its commercial partners and making unrealistic demands for multimillion-dollar "pre-financing."

20. Turkmenistan, Turkmenistan Government, Turkmenistan Economy turkmenistan government, Turkmenistan economy. local short form Turkmenistan.Government type. republic. Capital. Ashgabat. Administrative divisions http://zhenghe.tripod.com/t/turkmenistan/facts2.html

SITE NAVIGATION HOME COUNTRIES A-D COUNTRIES E-K COUNTRIES L-R ... ADD YOURSELF TO THE ATLAS! COUNTRY NAVIGATION INTRODUCTION GEOGRAPHY PEOPLE GOVERNMENT ... LETTERS AND PICTURES Turkmenistan former: Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic s="na";c="na";j="na";f=""+escape(document.referrer) Click Here to view visitor stats MAPS! Clipart.com. Unlimited access to more than 5,000,000 clipart images, animations, photos, fonts, and sounds! Click here to get a free 14-day trial of RealRhapsody Global Gallery: Browse 1000's of Art Prints and Posters Free Animated Aquarium Screensaver! "Napster Official Site - Get Free Trial!" www.ebay.com Bob Starkgraf GOVERNMENT Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turkmenistan local long form: none former: Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic local short form: Turkmenistan Government type: republic Capital: Ashgabat Administrative divisions: 5 provinces (welayatlar, singular - welayat): Ahal Welayaty (Ashgabat), Balkan Welayaty (Balkanabat), Dashoguz Welayaty, Lebap Welayaty (Turkmenabat), Mary Welayaty

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