81. CIA - The World Factbook -- Turkmenistan The turkmenistan Government is actively seeking to develop alternative petroleum geography note. landlocked; the western and central low-lying, http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/print/tx.html

Country List World Factbook Home The World Factbook Turkmenistan Introduction Turkmenistan Background: Annexed by Russia between 1865 and 1885, Turkmenistan became a Soviet republic in 1924. It achieved its independence upon the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. President NIYAZOV retains absolute control over the country and opposition is not tolerated. Extensive hydrocarbon/natural gas reserves could prove a boon to this underdeveloped country if extraction and delivery projects were to be expanded. The Turkmenistan Government is actively seeking to develop alternative petroleum transportation routes in order to break Russia's pipeline monopoly. Geography Turkmenistan Location: Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan Geographic coordinates: 40 00 N, 60 00 E Map references: Asia Area: total: 488,100 sq km land: 488,100 sq km water: negl. Area - comparative: slightly larger than California Land boundaries: total: 3,736 km border countries: Afghanistan 744 km, Iran 992 km, Kazakhstan 379 km, Uzbekistan 1,621 km

82. News Reports Merry says that turkmenistan s geography as much as its policy accountsfor its difficulties. The country is landlocked, making cooperation with its http://www.b-info.com/tools/miva/newsview.mv?url=news/2000-03/text/mar31c.rfe

83. Regional: Asia: Turkmenistan: Maps And Views: Geography - Open Site Regional Asia turkmenistan Maps and Views geography Open Site. http://open-site.org/Regional/Asia/Turkmenistan/Maps_and_Views/Geography/

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project home submit content become an editor the entire directory only in Maps_and_Views/Geography Top Regional Asia Turkmenistan ... Maps and Views : Geography Elevation extremes lowest point: Vpadina Akchanaya -81 m; (note: Sarygamysh Koli is a lake in northern Turkmenistan with a water level that fluctuates above and below the elevation of Vpadina Akchanaya - the lake has dropped as low as -110 m) highest point: Gora Ayribaba 3,139 m Geographic coordinates 40 00 N, 60 00 E This category needs an editor - apply here Open Site Code 0.5.3 robot company. Visit our sister sites dmoz.org mozilla.org chefmoz.org musicmoz.org ... edit

84. Geography And Environment: Turkmenistan: Selected Internet Resources (Portals To Selected Internet Resources turkmenistan . Portals to the World contain selectivelinks providing authoritative, indepth information about the nations and http://www.loc.gov/rr/international/amed/turkmenistan/resources/turkmenistan-geo

The Library of Congress Global Gateway Portals to the World Turkmenistan Find in Portals Web Pages Global Gateway Pages All Library Web Pages Geography and Environment: Turkmenistan Includes online maps, links to other map collections, flags, climate, weather, natural resources. Created and maintained by the Collections and Services Directorate Aral Sea Project (http://www.msf.org/aralsea/) The website of an international project working to ameliorate the catastrophic environmental conditions in the region of the Aral Sea. DMOZ Open Directory - Turkmenistan (http://dmoz.org/Regional/Asia/Turkmenistan/) Major website giving access to many important subject areas. Eurasianet Resource Page (http://www.eurasianet.org/resource/turkmenistan/) An independent page discussing events in Turkmenistan and Central Asia. Perry-Castaneda Library Map Collections (http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/commonwealth.html) The University of Texas' Perry Castaneda Library Map collection here offers a variety of historical, geological and political maps of Turkmenistan. U.S. Library of Congress. Geography and Maps Division

85. Turkmenistan - Atlapedia Online LOCATION AND geography turkmenistan is located in Central Asia and is a formerrepublic of the USSR. It is bound by the Caspian Sea to the west, http://www.atlapedia.com/online/countries/turkmeni.htm

OFFICIAL NAME: Republic of Turkmenistan CAPITAL: Ashgabat SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT: Multiparty Republic AREA: 488,100 Sq Km (188,500 Sq Mi) ESTIMATED 2000 POPULATION: LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHY: Turkmenistan is located in Central Asia and is a former republic of the USSR. It is bound by the Caspian Sea to the west, Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the northeast and east, Afghanistan to the southeast and Iran to the south. Around 85% of the land area consists of the Kara Kum Desert while the only significant upland areas are along the southern and eastern borders, of which Mt. Kopet rises to 2,940 metres (9,650 feet). The country's only major river is the Amu-Darya which flows along the Uzbekistan border in the northeast. Major Cities (pop. est.); Ashgabat 416,400, Charjew 166,400, Dashhowuz 117,000, Mary 94,900, Nebit-Dag 89,100 (1991). Land Use; forested 8%, pastures 63%, agricultural-cultivated 3%, other 26% (1993). CLIMATE: Turkmenistan has an arid, continental climate with long hot summers and short cold winters. Average annual precipitation varies from 76 mm (3 inches) in the desert areas to 305 mm (12 inches) or more in the southern mountains. Cold air masses from Siberia can cause winter temperatures to reach -34 degrees Celsius (-29 degrees Fahrenheit), however, the average temperature in summer is 29 degrees Celsius (85 degrees Fahrenheit) and degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit) in winter. PEOPLE: The principal ethnic majority are the Turkmen who account for 72% of the population while 10% are Russians and 9% are Uzbeks. Other ethnic minorities include Ukrainians, Armenians, Azerbaiji, Kazakhs, Tartars and Belarussians.

86. Facts About Turkmenistan Facts about turkmenistan; the population, geography, history and economy. geography of turkmenistan. Location. Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, http://worldfacts.us/Turkmenistan.htm

Facts about Turkmenistan World Facts Index Annexed by Russia between 1865 and 1885, Turkmenistan became a Soviet republic in 1925. It achieved its independence upon the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. President NIYAZOV retains absolute control over the country and opposition is not tolerated. Extensive hydrocarbon/natural gas reserves could prove a boon to this underdeveloped country if extraction and delivery projects can be worked out. Geography of Turkmenistan Location: Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan Geographic coordinates: 40 00 N, 60 00 E Area: total: 488,100 sq km water: sq km land: 488,100 sq km Area - comparative: slightly larger than California Land boundaries: total: 3,736 km border countries: Afghanistan 744 km, Iran 992 km, Kazakhstan 379 km, Uzbekistan 1,621 km Coastline: km; note - Turkmenistan borders the Caspian Sea (1,768 km) Maritime claims: none (landlocked) Climate: subtropical desert Terrain: flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes rising to mountains in the south; low mountains along border with Iran; borders Caspian Sea in west

87. Turkmenistan.it - Geography The section dedicated to geography of turkmenistan.it, the first Italian sitecompletely dedicated to turkmenistan. The section includes four pages http://www.turkmenistan.it/turkgeoggb.html

turkmenistan.it the first Italian site completely dedicated to Turkmenistan Home Our site Sitemap Contacts ... GEOGRAPHY TERRITORY Situated in the southwest region of Central Asia, Turkmenistan is constituited by a low ta-bleland delimited to the south by the impo-sant mountain chain of and to the north by the Turanic lowland. The central re-gion of the country is occupied quite enterely by the Karakum Desert , a vast sandy zone characterized by the presence of takyrs, pecu-liar hollows of large dimensions separated by the dunes generated by the strong winds blo-wing in the region. From the physical point of view the Karakum Desert is divided into two parts by the Unguz depression, separating Zaunguzsky plateau, in the southest region of the country, from the Low Karakum

88. Turkmenistan, Map And Flag city information and pictures about turkmenistan with discussion forum, map, Introduction Map geography People Government Economy http://www.greatestcities.com/Asia/Turkmenistan.html

login or join GC Web greatestcities.com World Asia Turkmenistan Turkmenistan info Map Asia, Turkmenistan - Pictures Turkmenistan Real Estate Bars Restaurants Hotels ... Turkmenistan info Turkmenistan People - photos and pictures about Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Journals: artdeco etannate hs barrytucker in Shenzhen 1 Comment Comment on this Turkmenistan Forum ... Transnational Issue Introduction Turkmenistan Background: Annexed by Russia between 1865 and 1885, Turkmenistan became a Soviet republic in 1925. It achieved its independence upon the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. President NIYAZOV retains absolute control over the country and opposition is not tolerated. Extensive hydrocarbon/natural gas reserves could prove a boon to this underdeveloped country if extraction and delivery projects can be worked out. Geography Turkmenistan Location: Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan Geographic coordinates: 40 00 N, 60 00 E Map references: Asia Area: total: 488,100 sq km water: sq km land: 488,100 sq km

89. Geography Of Turkmenistan www.volcanolive.com. geography of turkmenistan. turkmenistan. Geographic coordinates,40 N, 60 E. Location, Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, http://www.volcanolive.com/turkmenistan.html

Volcano Live www.volcanolive.com Geography of Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Geographic coordinates 40 N, 60 E Location Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan; landlocked Terrain flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes rising to mountains in the south; low mountains along border with Iran; borders Caspian Sea in west Highest Point Gora Ayribaba 3,139 m Natural hazards None Volcanic Activity No volcanoes Geography of Turkmenistan www.volcanolive.com

90. World Facts And Figures - Turkmenistan turkmenistan. Introduction geography People Government Economy CommunicationsTransportation Military Transnational Issues http://www.worldfactsandfigures.com/countries/turkmenistan.php

World Facts and Figures Home Country List Country Maps Country Flags ... Measurement Conversion Calculator Exclusive Bonus Offer for PacificPoker.com click here for Details Deposit $20 and get $30 FREE Turkmenistan Introduction Geography People Government ... Transnational Issues Turkmenistan Introduction Top of Page Background: Annexed by Russia between 1865 and 1885, Turkmenistan became a Soviet republic in 1925. It achieved its independence upon the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. President NIYAZOV retains absolute control over the country and opposition is not tolerated. Extensive hydrocarbon/natural gas reserves could prove a boon to this underdeveloped country if extraction and delivery projects can be worked out. Turkmenistan Geography Top of Page Location: Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan Geographic coordinates: 40 00 N, 60 00 E

91. Turkmenistan - Definition Of Turkmenistan In Encyclopedia turkmenistan, once known as the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic is a country geography. Main article geography of turkmenistan Map of turkmenistan http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Turkmenistan

Add to Favorites General Encyclopedia Legal ... Law forum Search Word: Visit our Law forums Labor Law Accidents Law Bankruptcy Law Business Law ... Tax Law Turkmenistan , once known as the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic is a country in Central Asia . It has borders with Afghanistan Iran Kazakhstan Uzbekistan and has a coastline on the Caspian Sea Türkmenistanyn Respublikasy Turkmenistan In Detail (Full size) National motto none Missing image LocationTurkmenistan.png image:LocationTurkmenistan.png Official language Turkmen Capital Ashgabat ... President and Prime Minister Saparmurat Niyazov Area - Total - % water Ranked 51st Negligible Population - Total (2002) Density Ranked 113th Independence - Declared - Recognised From Soviet Union October 27 (Year) Currency Turkmen manat Time zone UTC National anthem ... Calling Code Contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 2 Politics 3 Welayatlar 4 Geography ... 8 Miscellaneous topics History Main article: History of Turkmenistan Annexed by Russia between and , Turkmenistan became the Turkmen SSR , a Soviet republic in . It achieved its independence upon the dissolution of the USSR in Politics Main article: Politics of Turkmenistan President Saparmurat Niyazov retains absolute control over the country and opposition is not tolerated. An all pervasive

92. Geography And History Top / Regional / Asia / turkmenistan / geography and History. Map of turkmenistanPolitical, 1994. (167K); Map of turkmenistan Small map, 1997. http://www.reference.com/Dir/Regional/Asia/Turkmenistan/Geography_and_History/

Dictionary Thesaurus Encyclopedia Web Home Premium: Sign up Login YOUR AD HERE Dictionary ... Encyclopedia - Web Directory Web Directory Top Regional Asia Turkmenistan / Geography and History Map of Turkmenistan Political, 1994. (167K) Map of Turkmenistan Small map, 1997. Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor Lexico Publishing Group, LLC ... Contact Us

93. Turkmenistan Country Information From InsideCountries For more information about turkmenistan, select one of the options below.geography; People; Government; Economy; Communications; Transportation http://www.insidecountryinfo.com/html/turkmenistan_information.html

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94. TURKMENISTAN turkmenistan. geography turkmenistan is situated in Central Asia. Its area is488100 sq. km, or around 188456 sq. miles; the population is 4437600 (1995) http://packages.orbitz.com/packages/show_country.asp?countryid=TM

95. Prof. Agajan Babaev He was awarded a Diploma in geography from turkmenistan State University in 1949, He is the President of the Geographic Society of turkmenistan (since http://www.ias-worldwide.org/profiles/prof8.htm

Prof. Agadjan Babaev Prof. Agadjan Babaev was born on May 10, 1929 in Turkmenistan. He is married. He was awarded a Diploma in Geography from Turkmenistan State University in 1949, a Candidate’s Degree in Geography from Leningrad University in 1953, and a Doctorate in Geography from the Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1968. He became a full Professor in 1970. He started out as a Lecturer in Geography and Head of the Physical Geography Chair at the Turkmen State University (1950-1960), moving on to become Director of the Desert Research Institute in Turkmenistan (1960-1975), (1986-1989) and (1997-todate). He was President of the Turkmenistan Academy of Sciences (1975-1986) and then Lecturer at the Turkmenistan University (1989-1993). Since 1987, Prof. Babaev has been the Director of the Regional Research and Training Center on Desertification Control ESCAP/UNEP. Prof. Babaev has over 300 papers and articles to his credit, including five books and is Chief-Editor of the Journal “Problems of Desert Development.” He is the President of the Geographic Society of Turkmenistan (since 1956), Chairman of the Khawarizmi State Prize Committee (since 1992), and Chairman of the State Committee on Desertification Control in Turkmenistan. He is a member of the USSR (now Russian) Academy of Sciences. Prof. Babaev was Deputy in the Supreme Soviet of the USSR for two terms.

96. General Information About Turkmenistan A Guide to turkmenistan containing general info, flag, map, a resource to getpen pals in turkmenistan General Information about turkmenistan. geography http://www.michander.com/sape/tminfo.html

Home Who We Are Teacher Recommendations Pen Pal Meetings ... Make A Donation to SAPE PLEASE HELP SAPE GET A NEW MIDDLE EAST PENPAL PROGRAM STARTED ! ! ! click here for information General Information about Turkmenistan Geography Location: Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakstan Geographic coordinates: 40 00 N, 60 00 E Map references: Commonwealth of Independent States Area: total : 488,100 sq km land: 488,100 sq km water: sq km Area - comparative: slightly larger than California Land boundaries: total: 3,736 km border countries: Afghanistan 744 km, Iran 992 km, Kazakstan 379 km, Uzbekistan 1,621 km Coastline: km note: Turkmenistan borders the Caspian Sea (1,768 km) Maritime claims: none (landlocked) Climate: subtropical desert Terrain: flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes rising to mountains in the south; low mountains along border with Iran; borders Caspian Sea in west Elevation extremes: lowest point: Sarygamysh Koli -110 m highest point: Ayrybaba 3,139 m

97. Asia - EnchantedLearning.com Asia A collection of geography pages, printouts, and activities for students turkmenistan Outline Map Printout An outline map of turkmenistan to print http://www.enchantedlearning.com/geography/asia/

Become a member of Enchanted Learning. Site subscriptions last 12 months. Click here for more information on site membership. $20.00/year or other amount (directly by Credit Card $20.00/year or other amount (via PayPal As a thank-you bonus, site members have access to a banner-ad-free version of the site, with print-friendly pages. (Already a member? Click here. EnchantedLearning.com GEOGRAPHY Flags Africa Antarctica Asia Australia/Oceania ... Rivers Asia Asia: Outline Map Printout An outline map of Asia to print. Rivers of Asia: Outline Map Printout An outline map of Asia's rivers to print. Asia: Label Me! Printout Label the map of Asia. Answers Asian Flags Afghanistan: Outline Map Printout An outline map of Afghanistan to print. Armenia: Outline Map Printout An outline map of Armenia to print. Azerbaijan: Outline Map Printout An outline map of Azerbaijan to print. Bahrain: Outline Map Printout An outline map of Bahrain to print. Bangladesh: Outline Map Printout An outline map of Bangladesh to print. Burma/Myanmar: Outline Map Printout An outline map of Burma/Myanmar to print.

98. Turkmenistan Facts From ALS International Introduction geography People Government Economy Communications TransportationMilitary Transnational Issues turkmenistan, geography, Top of Page http://www.alsintl.com/countries/T/turkmenistan.html

Turkmenistan Introduction Geography People Government ... Country List Turkmenistan Introduction Top of Page Background: Annexed by Russia between 1865 and 1885, Turkmenistan became a Soviet republic in 1925. It achieved its independence upon the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. President NIYAZOV retains absolute control over the country and opposition is not tolerated. Extensive hydrocarbon/natural gas reserves could prove a boon to this underdeveloped country if extraction and delivery projects can be worked out. Turkmenistan Geography Top of Page Location: Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan Geographic coordinates: 40 00 N, 60 00 E Map references: Commonwealth of Independent States Area: total: 488,100 sq km land: 488,100 sq km water: sq km Area - comparative: slightly larger than California Land boundaries: total: 3,736 km border countries: Afghanistan 744 km, Iran 992 km, Kazakhstan 379 km, Uzbekistan 1,621 km Coastline: km; note - Turkmenistan borders the Caspian Sea (1,768 km) Maritime claims: none (landlocked) Climate: subtropical desert Terrain: flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes rising to mountains in the south; low mountains along border with Iran; borders Caspian Sea in west

99. DOE - Fossil Energy: information summary about turkmenistan, including sections on geography, people, US Department of Commerce A commercial overview of turkmenistan. http://www.fe.doe.gov/international/Russia_and_Central_Asia/Turkmenistan.html

HOME ABOUT US NEWS/EVENTS SEARCH Carbon Sequestration Natural Gas Regulation Electricity Regulation Petroleum Reserves ... Russia and Central Asia Turkmenistan TURKMENISTAN LINKS TO BUSINESS INFORMATION SOURCES ON TURKMENISTAN US-DOE Energy Information Administration - Country Analysis Brief on Turkmenistan. A description of Turkmenistan's energy economy, including Oil, Natural Gas, and Electricity. Elsewhere at this site are some regional energy issues and a somewhat dated (year 2000) but still useful Country Energy Balance for Turkmenistan with information on oil, coal, natural gas, and electricity. CIA World Factbook 2002 - A very useful information summary about Turkmenistan, including sections on geography, people, government, economy, communications, transportation, military forces, and transnational issues. U.S. Department of Commerce - A commercial overview of Turkmenistan. This badly-constructed site consists of nine parts that do not link to each other: Basic Facts ; an Economic Overview (including reforms); Foreign Investment Environment/Regulations Commercial Banks Travel Information Useful Contacts/Addresses ... Government Leaders/Organizations ; and U.S.-Turkmenistan Trade Figures

100. The Inner Asian And Uralic National Resource Center At Indiana University ABC Country Book of turkmenistan covers geography, economy, communications,government and people. Amnesty International Report 2002 turkmenistan documents http://www.indiana.edu/~iaunrc/turkmenistan.html

Goodbody Hall 324 Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 Phone: (812) 856-5263 Fax: (812) 855-8667 Email: iaunrc@indiana.edu Central Asia Regional Information Azerbaijan Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Uighurs of Eastern Turkistan/ Xinjiang Turkmenistan Internet Resources This page contains convenient starting points for exploring web sites related to Turkmenistan. To make this page easier to load and use, we generally have limited the list to those sites which contain substantial collections of links to information on these subjects. The views reflected on any web site linked below do not necessarily reflect the views of the Inner Asian and Uralic National Resource Center. We provide these links as a service to the public. ABC Country Book of Turkmenistan covers geography, economy, communications, government and people. Amnesty International Report 2002: Turkmenistan documents human rights issues in the republic during 2001.

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