61. Culture Turkmenistan Selected Internet Resources (Portals To The Selected Internet Resources turkmenistan . Portals to the World contain selectivelinks providing authoritative, indepth information about the nations and http://www.loc.gov/rr/international/amed/turkmenistan/resources/turkmenistan-cul

62. Turkmenistan.it - Culture The section dedicated to culture of turkmenistan.it, the first Italian sitecompletely dedicated to turkmenistan. The section includes seven pages dedicated http://www.turkmenistan.it/turkcultgb.html&e=747

63. Turkmenistan.it - Culture News The page dedicated to culture news of the section news of turkmenistan.it, thefirst Italian site completely dedicated to turkmenistan. http://www.turkmenistan.it/cultnewsgb.html&e=747

64. IREX - International Research Exchanges Board Alumni Past Laura Kennedy, US Ambassador to turkmenistan, opened the fair, which attracted which outlines the customs and traditions of turkmenistan s culture. http://www.irex.org/alumni/highlights/turkmen02.asp&e=747

65. Country Study Turkmenistan Social Studies turkmenistan People History culture politics, culture and much more. illustrated - From Embassy of turkmenistan - http//www.turkmenistanembassy.org/ http://www.archaeolink.com/country_study_turkmenistan_histo.htm&e=747

66. Turkic Pages Around The World Images of turkmenistan * Journalistic Essays about turkmenistan * Cyber Uzbekistan History, Archaeology, and culture. The Khazaria Info Center http://www.armory.com/~ssahin/turk-world/turkic.html&e=747

67. --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia People and culture (from turkmenistan) turkmenistan has one of the highest ratesof population growth of all the former Soviet republics, http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-229121&e=747

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68. Bits Of Culture - Turkmenistan BITS OF culture turkmenistan. Languages. Map. Cultural Values. Main Religion Death Concepts/Rituals. Health Care Values. Diet. Interesting Facts http://www.massgeneral.org/interpreters/b_turkm.asp&e=747

69. Brazil Pantanal Riding Tours, Brazil Pantanal Riding Vacation Tea is part of turkmenistan s culture and is always offered to visitors.Turkmen tea is green and Russian tea is black. Alcoholic drinks include wine and http://www.ridingholidays.com/turkmenistan_ride.htm&e=747

70. Infoplease Atlas Facts on turkmenistan flags, maps, geography, history, statistics, Upto-dateinformation on Government, Economy, Population culture http://www.infoplease.com/atlas/country/turkmenistan.html&e=747

in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Daily Almanac for Sep 26, 2005 Skip Navigation Home Almanacs ... Word of the Day Editor's Favorites Hispanic Heritage Month Hurricane Katrina Daylight Saving Time Rosh Hashanah ... Texas Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map College Center Scholarship Search College Resources Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips Infoplease Atlas Click on a region below for a more detailed map, or try our map index Map Library: Map Index Printable U.S. Maps Country Maps U.S. State Maps World: Country Profiles Flags World Statistics United States: State Profiles Cities U.S. Statistics Geography: CROSSWORDS QUIZZES Geography Guide Geography Glossary ... More . . . Page Tools: Cite Print Email Premium Partner Content Search For: Documents Images and Maps Reference (from Newspapers, Magazines, Journals, Newswires, Transcripts and Books) Research our extensive archive of more than 28 million documents from 2,600 sources. Information on Maps Booking of Hotels in Prague Car Hire RSS About ... Privacy Related sites: Family Education TeacherVision var zflag_nid="305"; var zflag_cid="181/1"; var zflag_sid="114"; var zflag_width="1"; var zflag_height="1"; var zflag_sz="15";

71. Regional: Asia: Turkmenistan: Society And Culture - Open Site Regional Asia turkmenistan Society and culture Open Site. http://open-site.org/Regional/Asia/Turkmenistan/Society_and_Culture/&e=747

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project home submit content become an editor the entire directory only in Turkmenistan/Society_and_Culture Top Regional Asia Turkmenistan : Society and Culture Religion Overview The majority of Turkmenistan's citizens are ethnic Turkmen; other ethnic groups include Russian and Uzbek. Turkmen is the official language of Turkmenistan, though Russian still is widely spoken as a "language of inter-ethnic communication" (per the 1992 Constitution). Education is universal and mandatory through the secondary level, the total duration of which was recently reduced from 11 to 9 years. The territory of Turkmenistan has been populated since ancient times, as armies from one empire to another decamped on their way to more prosperous territories. Tribes of horse-breeding Turkmen drifted into the territory of Turkmenistan, possibly from the Altay Mountains, and grazed along the outskirts of the Karakum Desert into Persia, Syria, and Anatolia. Alexander the Great conquered the territory in the 4th century B.C. on his way to India. One hundred fifty years later the Parthian Kingdom took control of Turkmenistan, establishing its capital in Nisa, an area now located in the suburbs of the modern-day capital of Ashgabat. In the 7th century A.D. Arabs conquered this region, bringing with them the Islamic religion and incorporating the Turkmen into Middle Eastern culture. It was around this time that the famous "Silk Road" was established as a major trading route between Asia and Europe.

72. Regional: Asia: Turkmenistan: Society And Culture: Religion - Open Site Regional Asia turkmenistan Society and culture Religion Open Site. http://open-site.org/Regional/Asia/Turkmenistan/Society_and_Culture/Religion/&e=

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project home submit content become an editor the entire directory only in Society_and_Culture/Religion Top Regional Asia Turkmenistan ... Society and Culture : Religion Religion and Government Religious Demography The country has a total area of 188,407 square miles, and its population is approximately 5 million. Statistics regarding religious affiliation are not available. According to figures from the Government's most recent census in 1995, ethnic Turkmen constituted 77 percent of the population. Minority populations included ethnic Uzbeks (9.2 percent), ethnic Russians (6.7 percent), and ethnic Kazakhs (2 percent). Armenians, Azeris, and other ethnic groups comprised the remaining 5.1 percent of the population. The majority is Sunni Muslim, and the largest minority is Russian Orthodox Christian. The level of religious observance was unknown for both religions. Ethnic Turkmen, Uzbeks, and Kazakhs are predominantly Sunni Muslim. There are small pockets of Shi'a Muslims in the country, many of whom are ethnic Iranians living along the border with Iran. There has been a modest, government-sponsored and tightly controlled revival of Islam since independence. During the Soviet era, there were only 4 mosques operating; now there are approximately 320. Restrictive government control, unorthodox indigenous Islamic culture, and 70 years of Soviet rule have meant that traditional mosque-based Islam does not play a dominant role in society. Traditional Turkmen interpretations of Islam place a heavy premium on rituals associated with birth, marriage, and death ("sadakas"), featuring music and dancing that more traditional Muslims view as unorthodox. Together with shrine pilgrimage, such rituals play a greater role in Turkmen Muslims' expression of Islam than regular prayer at mosques.

73. Turkmenistan Arts turkmenistan Arts. http//www.atclick.com/turkmenistan/. Arts cultureProgram The Arts and culture Program s geographical focus lies in the Caucasus http://www.ezilon.com/world/countries/turkmenistan/turkmenistan_arts/index.shtml

74. SOTA Turkish World turkmenistan Info Center facts, photos, news, map, weather History,Archaeology, and culture; 1100th Anniversary of Hungarian Settlement in Central http://www.turkiye.net/sota/homepages.html&e=747

75. Turkmenistan Business Culture And Doing Business In Turkmenistan Guides on business culture and doing business in turkmenistan. http://www.worldbiz.com/index.php/cPath/130&e=747

Top Catalog Turkmenistan Monday 26 September, 2005 Cart Contents Checkout Categories Algeria Argentina Armenia Australia ... Yemen Turkmenistan W elcome to a country-specific business and cross-cultural page! Learn about business customs and protocol, social etiquette and negotiating tactics. Get practical tips on business contacts, resources, management and much more. The reports are published by International Cultural Enterprises, Inc., leaders in international business information, in cooperation with top US executives. The information is current and constantly updated. Below please find the titles of the reports with a brief summary of the topics. The reports will be delivered to your e-mail immediately after receiving your order - anytime, anywhere. Special discounts are available now! Buy 3 reports - get 20% discount. Buy 5 or more reports - get 30% discount. Discounts are available for any combination of reports or countries. Product Name Price More Info Starting Your Business in Turkmenistan Choosing the appropriate ministry ..... Meeting government officials ..... Going to the top ..... Greetings ..... Exchange of business cards ..... Meeting protocol ..... Discussing business ..... The language of business ..... Business entertainment ..... Traditional dinners... Displaying to (of products) Result Pages: Shopping Cart items What's New?

76. Discovery Of Ancient Culture In Turkmenistan Mr. Sedivy s high school history updates. Includes headline making historydiscoveries and newspaper articles. Discovery of ancient culture in turkmenistan. http://members.tripod.com/~mr_sedivy/news_ancient.html&e=747

77. Newsgroup: Alt.culture.turkmenistan Email List Directory News FTP Directory - Internet Reference. http://www.tile.net/news/?news_id=6880&e=747

78. Turkmenistan The exhibits were gifted to the turkmenistan side. An Indian cultural troupe and Giddha dancers visited turkmenistan during the Days of Indian culture. http://meaindia.nic.in/foreignrelation/trkmenistan.htm&e=747

79. Turkmenistan - Definition Of Turkmenistan In Encyclopedia turkmenistan, once known as the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic is a countryin Central Asia. Main article culture of turkmenistan http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Turkmenistan&e=747

Add to Favorites General Encyclopedia Legal ... Law forum Search Word: Visit our Law forums Labor Law Accidents Law Bankruptcy Law Business Law ... Tax Law Turkmenistan , once known as the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic is a country in Central Asia . It has borders with Afghanistan Iran Kazakhstan Uzbekistan and has a coastline on the Caspian Sea Türkmenistanyn Respublikasy Turkmenistan In Detail (Full size) National motto none Missing image LocationTurkmenistan.png image:LocationTurkmenistan.png Official language Turkmen Capital Ashgabat ... President and Prime Minister Saparmurat Niyazov Area - Total - % water Ranked 51st Negligible Population - Total (2002) Density Ranked 113th Independence - Declared - Recognised From Soviet Union October 27 (Year) Currency Turkmen manat Time zone UTC National anthem ... Calling Code Contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 History 2 Politics 3 Welayatlar 4 Geography ... 8 Miscellaneous topics History Main article: History of Turkmenistan Annexed by Russia between and , Turkmenistan became the Turkmen SSR , a Soviet republic in . It achieved its independence upon the dissolution of the USSR in Politics Main article: Politics of Turkmenistan President Saparmurat Niyazov retains absolute control over the country and opposition is not tolerated. An all pervasive

80. Republic Of Turkey, Ministry Of Culture And Tourism - Türkmenistan 36A The Hero of turkmenistan A. Niyazov str, Ashgabat tel (0099312) 39 28 08/09e-mail latif@online.tm Mr. Djora SAMEDOV - General Director http://goturkey.kultur.gov.tr/turizm_en.asp?belgeno=11697&e=747

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