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  1. Cattle Bring Us to Our Enemies: Turkana Ecology, Politics, and Raiding in a Disequilibrium System (Human-Environment Interactions) by J. Terrence McCabe, 2004-11-23

41. SLU Anthropology Department>Faculty
His study FisherHunters and Neolithic Pastoralists in East turkana, with womenin East africa and the Third World, development issues, and indigenous
http://web.stlawu.edu/anthropology/faculty.html
Dr. Shinu Abraham (Visiting Assistant Professor, Ph.D. U Pennsylvania) has done archaeological fieldwork in Egypt, Israel, India, and the US. Her research focuses on ancient Indo-Roman trade and the emergence of social complexity in Late Iron Age/Early Historic South India, the archaeology of ethnic identity, the rise of complex societies, and archaeological theory. Most recently, she directed a field survey project in the southern Indian state of Kerala designed to re-evaluate early South Indian ceramic and mortuary material culture. Her course offerings include ancient civilizations; archaeology of South Asia, archaeology and identity; and science and pseudoscience in archaeology.
Email: sabraham@stlawu.edu Phone: 315-229-5723 Dr. John Barthelme (Associate Professor, Ph.D. Berkeley) has done archaeological work for many years in East Africa. His study Fisher-Hunters and Neolithic Pastoralists in East Turkana, Kenya appeared as a Cambridge Monograph in African Archaeology, and he has published numerous papers on his research. Every two to three years he runs an archeology summer field course in Kenya. He offers courses in human origins, environmental

42. Africa Point: Northern Wilds Adventure - 7 Nights/8 Days
The turkana people inhabit the harsh desert like country northwest of Kenya around Maralal is home of the Samburu, another colorful indigenous people.
http://www.africapoint.com/tours1/vacation.asp?vacationid=17

43. Expo Times
Over the ages, the 800 million indigenous African peoples have developed many The indigenous turkana ethnic group in Kenya’s northwest risk losing
http://www.expotimes.net/pastissues/issue010425/AAessay1.htm
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The Health Of The African Culture Today Expo Times Africa Editor Kofi Akosah-Sarpong, who was recently named Fellow of the Institute of African Renaissance, University Of Botswana, writes from Ottawa, Canada, in this soul-searching essay how the African culture was wrongly branded "primitive" and "backward", and how it can rather be used in the socio-political, economic and agricultural development of the continent in light of the bubbling African Renaissance process.

44. MEMORANDUM FROM SENGWER OF KENYA - PART 4 PART 1 , PART 2 , PART 3
17 Mr. CB Thompson, Officer in Charge, turkana district Dated 17^th 80indigenous peoples, Racism and The United Nations, Pg. 107..quote from Victor
http://www.ogiek.org/sitemap/memo-seng-4.htm
MEMORANDUM FROM SENGWER OF KENYA - PART 4 PART 1 PART 2 PART 3 PART 4 Index of this compilation ANNEX I MAP OF KENYA RESOURCES ANNEX I
CHERANG'ANY OF WEST POKOT (MEMORANDUM) - (COMMUNIQUE) 11-4-1966
We arrived at Mr. Erick Cheserek on Friday at 10.00 a.m.
POINTS THAT WERE DISCUSSED ARE:
1. (a) We want both Cherang'any of West Pokot and Elgeyo Marakwet to meet and have their full meeting.
(b) We want a commission or inquiry to come and adjust the boundaries of the following districts Trans Nzoia, West Pokot and Elgeyo and Marakwet and attend the complains of Cherang'any from both mention districts.
2. We want both District Commissioners of above Districts and all members of parliament with the following officers:
(a) D.A.F. Officer
(b) Tambach Forest Officer
(c) Kitale Forest Officer
(d) Settlement Scheme Officer of Kitale To meet on this issue of Kipsoen of Kapolet Crown Land.

45. MEMORANDUM THE CASE FOR THE RECOGNITION AND PROTECTION OF THE
These peoples in Kenya include the Maasai, Samburu, turkana, Ogiek, Sengwer, African customary law which governs indigenous peoples - recognizes only
http://www.ogiek.org/sitemap/case-memorandum.htm
MEMORANDUM THE CASE FOR THE RECOGNITION AND PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF KENYA’S INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
MEMORANDUM TO:CONSTITUTION OF KENYA REVIEW COMMISSION
PRESENTED ON MONDAY 15TH JULY 2002, NAIROBI
NOTE:

This memorandum has been prepared and submitted to the Constitution of Kenya Review Commission by members of pastoralist and hunter-gatherer communities in Kenya. Pastoralists and hunter-gatherers (PHG) have identified themselves as indigenous peoples owing to their culture, relationship and spiritual attachment to their ancestral and traditional territories, in Kenya, and seek to have the new Kenyan Constitution recognize them as such.
THE PROPOSALS AT A GLANCE
1. There shall be a constitutional Commission to address historical injustices.
2. This Constitution shall obligate the State to recognize the rights of indigenous peoples as stipulated by various international instruments and standards, specifically, ILO Convention 169, the United Nations Declaration on Persons belonging to Ethnic Minorities, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, amongst others, mentioned in this memorandum.
3. The question of locus standi requires a more liberal construction with regard to an individual’s prosecutorial powers on behalf of the community.

46. Fourth World Bulletin, Spring/Summer 1996
Instead, they now face losing more land, as nonindigenous people Other pastoralpeoples, including the turkana, Samburu, and the Kalenjin,2 also have
http://carbon.cudenver.edu/public/fwc/Issue10/Africa/maasai-2.html
A FRICA
MDA Testimony at the UN Working Group
At the 1993 meeting of the UNWGIP and also at the 1993 Vienna World Conference on Human Rights, the MDA articulated the major problems that currently threaten Maasai culture and identity. The delegation presented testimony describing the ecological degradation of Maasailand, the lack of adequate educational facilities, Maasai displacement at the hands of competing peoples, and the misappropriation of funds earmarked for indigenous development projects. Foremost among the MDA's concerns is the desire to recover lands in Kenya's Rift Valley Province, which were lost through dispossession over the past century. Because Maasai culture is inextricably bound to the land, their concern is understandable; dispossession of territory threatens to obliterate their culture. In addition to its fear of increasing landlessness, the MDA explains that the Maasai have also been unable to achieve compensation for lands already taken from them. In particular, a great part of Maasailand was set aside for game reserves and national parks to expand Kenya's tourist economy, but to date, the Maasai have not benefitted from that development. Instead, they now face losing more land, as non-indigenous people attempt to buy it (or otherwise take it) from them. And while encroachment disrupts the cultural integrity of the Maasai, unsound farming methods used by non-indigenous peoples further upset the delicate ecological balance of the Rift Valley. The MDA claims that the unrestrained use of the herbicides, pesticides and fertilizers has polluted water sources in grazing areas.

47. IK Monitor 1(3)
pastoralists the turkana People (Kenya) and the Negev Bedouin (Israel) social Although the examples used are related to indigenous SWC in africa,
http://www.nuffic.nl/ciran/ikdm/1-3/communications/research.html
COMMUNICATIONS - RESEARCH
Im proving the performance of indigenous agricultural hand tools and equipment used by women
As a first step, the research team surveyed different types of hand tools used by female agriculture workers in Thailand: in Buri Ram province in the northeast, Lampang province in the north, Nakhon Sri Thammarat in the south, and in the eastern provinces of Chanthaburi and Trat. Two of the main crops in these areas are rice and rubber. Considerable use is made of hand tools instead of modern machinery. As many as 16 different hand tools are used in rice farming and 12 in rubber cultivation. Many of the women interviewed during the survey expressed dissatisfaction with certain hand tools. Some of them would like to improve these tools themselves but do not know how. One example is the krae , a small hand tool commonly used for harvesting paddy. It causes extreme discomfort when used for long periods.
In addition to studying indigenous hand tools, the research team is also examining the possibilities of modifying certain indigenous practices, and perhaps even totally replacing them with suitable equipment. An example is the tradition of threshing rice by foot. This could be done instead by a small pedal-operated paddy thresher especially designed for women.
For further information, please contact:

48. Références
Contemporary nomadic and pastoral peoples africa and Latin America. Conservation and indigenous peoples a study of convergent interests , pp.
http://www.fao.org/docrep/t6260f/t6260f0p.htm
Table des matières Précédente Suivante Abu Sin, M. El-H. 1983. Livestock economy and attitude of tenants in Rahad and Khashm el-Girba projects: a comparative study , Rahad Agricultural corporation/ Ford Foundation, Univ. of Khartourn. Abu-Lughod, L. 1984. "Change and Egyptian bedouins", Cultural Survival Quarterly Adams, M. 1982. "The Baggara problem: attempts at modern change in southern Darfur and southern Kordofan (Sudan)", Development and change Adegboye, R.O. et al A socioeconomic study of Fulani nomads in Kwara State , Federal Livestock Department (Kaduna), Ibadan. Ahrned, A.G.M. n.d. "Nomadic competition in the Funj area", Sudan Notes and Records , Khartoum. Ahmed, A.G.M. et al. 1976. Jonglei soclo-economic research team interim report , Executive Organ Development projects in Jonglei area, Rep. of Sudan. Ahmed, A.G.M. 1978. Integrated rural development: problems and strategies. The case of the Dinka and the Nuer of the Jonglei project area in the Sudan , Executive Organ Development Projects in Jonglei area, report no.8, Rep. of Sudan. Pastoralism conference in Nigeria , Ahmadu Bello Univ., Zaria.

49. REFERENCES
Contemporary nomadic and pastoral peoples africa and Latin America. “Conservation and indigenous peoples a study of convergent interests”, pp.
http://www.fao.org/docrep/t6260e/t6260e09.htm
REFERENCES
Abu Sin, M. El-H. 1983. Livestock economy and attitude of tenants in Rahad and Khashm el-Girba projects: a comparative study, Rahad Agricultural Corporation/Ford Foundation, Univ. of Khartoum. Abu-Lughod, L. 1984. Cultural Survival Quarterly Journal d'Agriculture Traditionnel et de Botanique Applique (JATBA) Adams, M. 1982. Development and change. Adegboye, R.O. et al. A socio-economic study of Fulani nomads in Kwara State, Federal Livestock Department (Kaduna), Ibadan. Ahmed, A.G.M. n.d. Sudan Notes and Records, Khartoum. Ahmed, A.G.M. et al. Jonglei socio-economic research team interim report, Executive Organ Development projects in Jonglei area. Rep. of Sudan. Ahmed, A.G.M. 1978. Integrated rural development: problems and strategies. The case of the Dinka and the Nuer of the Jonglei project area in the Sudan, Executive Organ Development Projects in Jonglei area, report no. 8, Rep. of Sudan. Pastoralism conference in Nigeria, Ahmadu Bello Univ., Zaria. Allan, W. et al. Land holding and land usage among the plateau Tonga of Mazabuka District: a reconnaissance survey, 1945. Oxford Univ. Press, Cape Town.

50. GIRR No. 21
In turkana District, 75% of the households travel between 2 and 3 km to sourcesof safe among the primarily pastoralist peoples in SubSaharan africa.
http://www.ossrea.net/girr/no21/no21-01.htm
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
African countries south of the Sahara are affected by desertification resulting from severe drought that has caused loss of human life and large scale displacement of populations (United Nations 1984). In Kenya, for example, most of 1999 has been a difficult year for many residents because of the crop failure due to lack of rain. Turkana District has been the most affected. Apart from starvation, the drought has had the following effects on the residents of Turkana District:
    Daily Nation th January 2000; 9 th February 2000).
The other equally important effects of drought have to do with lack of water for livestock and human consumption (Marx 1975). People are forced to walk long distances in search of water. In fact, the majority of people rely on distant and unprotected wells, boreholes and ponds to survive. In Turkana District, 75% of the households travel between 2 and 3 km to sources of safe water (GOK 1998). Even when they eventually get to the water points, they have to queue up because these are few (GOK 1998). Consequently, the scarcity of water poses environmental sanitation problems. In fact, 70% of the residents of Turkana District have no access to sanitation facilities of any kind. They tend to use the bush. This leads to contraction of water related diseases like typhoid, bilharzias and dysentery (GOK 1998). The information available on rural Africa suggests that in food crises and famines, it is women who suffer the most. This is more so in pastoralist communities where women in addition to building houses, milking and watering livestock, have to perform their daily chores of child rearing and household tasks (cooking and fetching water and firewood) (Hay and Sticher 1981; IDRC 1981; Anderson and Brouch 1999). In addition, during the famine situation, women are less mobile because of their reproductive roles and are therefore unlikely to receive relief food or venture out to look for work in towns (IDRC 1981; Anderson and Brouch 1999).

51. WRM Bulletin Nº 65 - Africa / December 2002
africa. Ghana Promissory reforestation plans end up in unemployment from The Sengwer indigenous peoples of Kenya , http//membres.lycos.fr/sengwer/
http://www.wrm.org.uy/bulletin/65/AF.html
WRM Bulletin To download the bulletin in word format click here
For free subscription

Previous issues
French ... Portuguese and Spanish versions here Issue Number 65 - December 2002 Index Viewpoint Asia Central Am. ... General
AFRICA
LOCAL STRUGGLES AND NEWS - Ghana: "Promissory" reforestation plans end up in unemployment Burdened by a mounting foreign debt and pushed by globalisation and trade liberalisation, Ghana, as many other West African countries, has had its ability to finance domestic public spending severely constrained. In addition most of the exports of African countries suffer decline in prices leading to overall poor returns in revenue and contributing to huge budget deficits. In a desperate bid to service debt and face their deficit, many countries in Africa including Ghana have been relying on the aggressive extraction of primary resources and not only plunder forest resources but also neglect budgeting for sustainable forest management practices.

52. IBS Newsletter
Much of my research work was conducted among turkana pastoralists in northern emphasis on the relationships between wildlife and indigenous peoples.
http://www.colorado.edu/ibs/newsletter/news9904.html
IBS Newsletter April 1999 Institute of Behavioral Science
University of Colorado
Kudos
IBS is proud to announce that Debbie A. Ash has been awarded the 1999 Chancellor's Employee of the Year award. She has been employed by the University for over twenty years, and since January 14, 1985, has held the position as assistant to the Director, Richard Jessor, at IBS. In a coming IBS Newsletter a more detailed profile of her service to the University, in particular IBS will be offered. We extend our most heartfelt congratulations and look forward to enjoying many more years of her continuing to be an integral part of IBS.
Program Activities
Environment and Behavior Program
Gilbert F. White participated in an Experts Workshop on Water Use Policy convened by the International Joint Commission (IJC) in Toronto, Canada on March 30-31. The Workshop brought together ten people from the two countries to discuss questions related to law, policy, management principles, and conservation measures as they might relate to issues being faced by the IJC, especially bearing on consumptive uses diversions in the Great Lakes Basin.
Natural Hazards Center
On March 26 Mary Fran Myers attended the American Association of Geographers meeting in Honolulu, Hawaii. She presented the paper "Floodplain Management: History, Trends, and Options in the United States." Floodplain management in the U.S. is a relatively young concept. A half-century after first conceived by geographer

53. TLIO, Legacy Of Colonialism Forum, Index
The turkana tribe of Kenya plans crop planting around knowledge of the behavior indigenous peoples not only have a right to preserve their way of life.
http://www.tlio.org.uk/issues/legacy/leg_lang.html
The Land Is Ours
a landrights campaign for All
Legacy of Colonialism
Home
Links References
Globalization Wiping Out Languages, Natural Links
NAIROBI, Kenya, February 8, 2001 (ENS) - Native farmers high in the Andean mountains grow abundant yields of potatoes and quinoa despite floods, frosts, and droughts. They use a system of terraces, canals and raised fields that evolved over 3,000 years ago. The Turkana tribe of Kenya plans crop planting around knowledge of the behavior of frogs and birds, such as the ground hornbill, spotted eagle owl and nightjar, which are revered as "prophets of rain." The BaAka pygmies of the Central African Republic use plants to cure many of their most common illnesses. Several plants are known and used to treat the same disease. Because they grow in different types of forest, the pygmies can cure themselves when travelling. A new report carried out on behalf of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) warns that such indigenous systems for environmentally harmonious living may soon be lost forever as a result of growing globalization. The study, based on work by hundreds of academics, claims many indigenous languages and cultures are already teetering on the brink of extinction in the face of globalization.

54. East African Travel Consultants Inc. Your Safari Specialist Since 1972
The turkana The turkana descended into Kenya from the Dodoth escarpment 200 The name Gabra- was bestowed on them by the Borana to describe peoples of
http://www.africaonsafari.com/safari.php?id=54&Region=North Africa

55. Ethnography And Film: A Selected Bibliography For Anthropology 1
Pp 3690 in A. Barnard J. Kenrick (eds), africa’s indigenous peoples ‘firstpeoples’ or ‘marginalised minorities’? Edinburgh CAS; Jerome Lewis 2001
http://www.gla.ac.uk/departments/sociology/links/ethnog.htm
home why Glasgow? research units staff ... Witchcraft among the Azande
Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Applied Social Sciences
Ethnography and Film: A Selected Bibliography for Anthropology 1
For any required item not available in libraries, first consult Dr Charsley.
Ethnographic film generally
  • K.G. Heider 1976 Ethnographic Film . Austin: University of Texas Press A.B. Weiner 1978 Epistemology and ethnographic reality, American Anthropologist M. Eaton (ed.) 1979 Anthropology - Reality - Cinema. The films of Jean Rouch . London: BFI I. Jarvie 1983 The problem of the ethnographic real, Current Anthropology Methodology in Anthropological Filmmaking . Gottingen: Edition Herodot T. Asch 1988 Collaboration in ethnographic filmmaking. In J.R. Rollwagen (ed.) Anthropological Filmmaking . Chur: Harwood S. Freudenthal 1988 What to tell and how to show it: issues in anthropological filmmaking. In Rollwagen op. cit. . London: Boxtree Film as Ethnography . Manchester: MUP op.cit.

56. Product
Kakuma turkana. Dueling Struggles africa s Forgotten peoples the indigenouspeoples of turkana have lived isolated in Kenya s remote northwest for
http://indybook.com/indybookcom/item.asp?item_id=11

57. ICE 2004 - Panel 8
Doum palms are not cultivated by turkana people, but the intense human use of doum Centre for indigenous peoples’ Nutrition and Environment (CINE),
http://www.kent.ac.uk/anthropology/ice2004/panels/panel8.html

Return to Congress home page
The International Society of Ethnobiology - Ninth International Congress
Hosted by the Department of Anthropology at the University of Kent, Canterbury, UK, 13th - 17th June, 2004
sldskds

Panel 8
The ethnobotany of crop diversity and evolution
(IPGRI)
Chair: Pablo Eyzaguirre
Grimond Lecture Theatre 1, Thursday 17th June
13.40 - 15.40 and 16.00 - 18.00
Maintaining diversity in the crops upon which humanity depends requires that we pay special attention to the role that local and indigenous cultures play in shaping and maintaining agricultural biodiversity. These local cultures have domesticated many species, have spread and accepted new crops and have adapted and shaped them to meet new needs, environments and uses. The rapid pace of sociocultural change including migration and the globalisation of markets and cultural values threatens the cultural diversity that has maintained biodiversity. At the same time, as people move and cultures change, new opportunities arise for keeping and expanding the crop diversity that is essential for local livelihoods, food security, nutrition and health. The panel addresses both sides of these global phenomena.
This panel examines in detail those lesser-known crops whose existence and future depends upon the cultural practices and futures of local and indigenous communities. We can refer to these as "cultural crops".

58. EuropaWorld 16/2/2001 To Let Them Be Or Not To Let Them Be
The turkana tribe of Kenya plan their crop planting around an intimate Other indigenous peoples cruelly trap rare animals for their fur or engage in
http://www.europaworld.org/Issue22/toletthembeornottoletthembe16201.htm
European Commission European Parliament European Goverments NGOs ... Trade and globalisation
To Let Them Be Or Not To Let Them Be
As New Research Warns of the Threat to Many of the World's Ancient Indigenous Cultures and their Associated Cultural, Lingual and Bio-Diversity, EuropaWorld asks 'Can they be Preserved?'
We Europeans no longer attack ethnic civilisations at the point of a sword, practising massacre and genocide in the name of Christianity or colonisation. We no longer plunder or destroy art treasures belonging to so-called 'uncivilised' people, practising a form of artistic vandalism simply because we cannot be bothered to appreciate or to understand.
Nevertheless we continue to oppress divergence. Through majority languages such as English or Spanish, through the ubiquitous power of radio and television, air travel, the invasion of habitat, through global culture we are in the process of destroying ancient ways of life as efficienly and perhaps even more effectively than our more brutal ancestors.The question arises are we right to do so?
A report recently published by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) highlights the extent of this destruction by analysing the fate of the world's minority languages. According to UNEP, there are between 5,000 and 7,000 languages spoken in the world today - the vast majority indigenous tongues. Approximately 2,500, they believe, are on the brink of extinction.

59. ETV - Educational Television
Among the societies featured are the turkana tribe of Kenya, The programincludes several examples of how indigenous peoples are making the future their
http://www.palomar.edu/etv/courseinfo/fall2002/video_series_descriptions/anth105
Introduction to Cultural Anthropology
Series Entitled: "Faces of Culture"
Faces of Culture
, an introductory cultural anthropology course, is a provocative study of the structure and process of culture. This telecourse features dramatic and unique film footage from around the world, embracing cultures from all continents, highlighting major life-styles, and illustrating human adaptation to environment from the beginnings of the human species to the present.
Faces of Culture focuses on the thesis that every society is based on an integrated culture that satisfies human needs and facilitates survival. The course also explores the ways in which our won culture fits into the broad range of human possibilities. PROGRAM DESCRIPTIONS
1) The Nature of Anthropology
2) The Nature of Culture
3) How Cultures Are Studied

This program provides a case study of how anthropologists conduct field surveys of other cultures. The program contains the case study of Napoleon Chagnon, an anthropologist who carried out an extensive study of the Yanamamo Indians of Venezuela. Over a period of several years, Dr. Chagnon spent several months living with the Yanamamo in order to obtain a complete ethnographic understanding of their culture. He explains the meaning of many anthropological terms, and the methods and techniques he used to conduct his studies, while stressing that in order to conduct a successful field study, an anthropologist must shed his or her cultural prejudices.

60. UNC Anthropology Faculty Publications
The turkana people of northwestern Kenya are one of a handful of societies that because the turkana today, like many other pastoral peoples in africa,
http://www.unc.edu/depts/anthro/faculty/book.html
people faculty publications graduate program undergraduate program ... Visible and Invisible Realms
New Directions in Anthropology and Environment: Intersections
Carole L. Crumley, ed.
Back to Top
Experiencing the New Genetics: Family and Kinship on the Medical Frontier
Kaja Finkler
University of Pennsylvania Press, April 2000 In Experiencing the New Genetics: Family and Kinship on the Medical Frontier, Kaja Finkler brings together certain kinds of researches usually isolated from each other- a history of genetic theory, the historical emergence from it of contemporary hereditarian notions in biomedicine, and debates about kinship and family - because genetic models of inheritance revolve around these institutions. Embedded in concepts of genetic inheritance are notions about family and kin that are seen as the mediums through which inheritance flows. Finkler poses two important and interrelated questions: first, How do people experience the ideology of genetic inheritance, especially as related to their family and kin? and second, Why has genetic inheritance become a major theme in contemporary life? To explore these questions, Finkler brings in empirical data drawn from interviews with women with breast cancer, healthy women with family histories of breast cancer, and adoptees searching for their birth parents. Finkler finds these ostensibly different groups of people are united by adhering to the reigning ideology of genetic inheritance that moves them to act, albeit in very different domains and with different consequences. Finkler concludes that our current period is one dominated by the "hegemony of the gene" leading to a "medicalization of kinship."

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