41. Switzerland's History switzerland s history Helvetians Age of Romans - Middle Ages - Reformation - Swiss Revolution - Democratic Constitution - World War II. http://history-switzerland.geschichte-schweiz.ch/

Sitemap Early Swiss History Old Swiss History A Modern Constitution Industrialisation World War II Regions Links Switzerland's History Switzerland is a small country situated in the heart of Central Europe and shares a lot of it's history and of it's culture (four national languages spoken in different regions) with it's neighbours Germany, France, Italy and Austria. When does the history of Switzerland begin? The answer depends on the interpretation of the term Switzerland Archeology shows that Stone Age hunters have been living in Switzerland already before the last Ice Age (approximately 350'000 B.C.). Switzerland's official latin name "Confoederatio Helvetica" goes back to a Celtic tribe called the Helvetians The majority of Switzerland's "native" population settled during the Germanic Migration of Nations that set an end to the Roman Empire in Western Europe at about 400 A.D. The Old Swiss Confederacy was founded in the first days of August, 1291 (hence Switzerland's national holiday is celebrated on August, 1 st Switzerland was officially accepted as an independent nation by it's neighbours in the 1648 European peace treaty.

42. Association Culturelle Pour Le Voyage En Suisse - Association For The Study Of T ACVS explores the manifold cultural aspects of past travel in switzerland and encourage exchanges between academics and anyone interested in art, literature, history and art history. Press review, publications. http://www.unil.ch/acvs

43. A Timeline Of Switzerland's History Helvetians Age of Romans - Middle Ages - Reformation - Swiss Revolution - democratic constitution - World War II. http://history-switzerland.geschichte-schweiz.ch/timeline-switzerlands-history.h

Timeline Early Swiss History Old Swiss History A Modern Constitution Industrialisation World War II Regions Links A Timeline of Switzerland's History Prehistory 600000 - 30000 B.C. Ice Age Human Evolution in Africa. Central Europe more or less covered by glaciers, some warmer intermediate periods allow human activities, however. 30000 - 1800 B.C. Stone Age Hunters using weapons and tools made from stones in Europe. 1800 - 800 B.C. Bronze Age Weapons and tools made from bronze. Early Swiss History 800 - 58 B.C. Iron Age Helvetians Weapons and tools made from iron. Celtic tribes all over Western Europe. The Helvetians , a celtic tribe , give their name to the Swiss territory: hence HELVETIA on Swiss coins and stamps, ch Confoederatio Helvetica on cars and internet domains. 58 B.C. - 400 A.D. Roman Period Helvetians stopped by roman commander C. Julius Cesar when trying to move towards Southern France. Switzerland occupied by roman troops, beginning of written history in this region. Middle Ages Germanic tribes set an end to the Roman Empire and build new states and empires in Europe. Feudal system. Monasteries keep up roman and greek heritage (reading and writing) and develop new agricultural methods. Old Swiss History Old Swiss Confederacy Three valleys in Central Switzerland unite against the counts of Habsburg and fight for autonomy. Cities join the confederacy. They conquer territories in northern and southern Switzerland.

44. A Short Switzerland's History Search Google for another short switzerland s history. switzerland gets a mention on these Abacci history pages The Age of Political Experiments; http://www.abacci.com/atlas/history3.asp?countryID=333

45. Dongari Schweiz Swiss Association for Korean adoptees. Includes presentation of the history and agenda of this club. http://www.dongari.ch/

kannst d Programm Suchst du deine Eltern oder Verwandte in Korea? Wir haben einige Erfahrung darin. Unter der Rubrik Adoption haben wir unsere Tipps abgelegt. besten Adressen zu Themen wie Korea, Adoption, Kulinarium und vielem mehr abgelegt. Last updated: 12.04.2005 on schreiben Sie an den webmaster 19.03.05 Programm 2005 Das neue Jahresprogramm 2005

46. Switzerland, Switzerland Maps, Switzerland Profile, Switzerland Economy, Switzer Information on switzerland, Its Geography history Economy of switzerland, Its People, Culture Flag Flag of switzerland. Advertisement. Click Here http://www.mapsofworld.com/switzerland/

Maps of World Switzerland Switzerland Location in Europe Map Switzerland Location in World Map Switzerland Political Map Switzerland Outline Map ... Flag of Switzerland Advertisement www.mapsofworld.com from the promoters of www.mapsofindia.com , the worlds largest site on Indian Maps.

47. Lindt Switzerland - History Of Chocolate For his tour of switzerland in 1797 he includes in his luggage chocolate and a chocolate history of Chocolate Chocolate Production Delicious Recipes http://www.lindt.com/omcms/omPage.asp?ID=3432

48. Encyclopedia Of Aikido [SWITZERLAND, HISTORY OF AIKIDO IN.] AikidoJournal, the leading worldwide aikido publication featuring videos, articles, forums, the Encyclopedia of Aikido, and anything else related to aikido http://www.aikidojournal.com/encyclopedia.php?entryID=647

49. KPMG In Switzerland - History KPMG has been represented in switzerland as part of the international network since 1992. http://www.kpmg.ch/about_kpmg/history/en/11789.htm

SELECT LANGUAGE Deutsch English Home Services Industries Issues ... About KPMG History History KPMG was founded in 1987 with the merger of accounting firms PMI (Peat Marwick International) and KMG (Klynveld Main Goerdeler) and their respective member firms. The name KPMG is made up of the names Piet Klynveld, William Barclay Peat, James Marwick and Reinhard Goerdeler. KPMG has been represented in Switzerland as part of the international network since 1992. TOP printer friendly version

50. IAESTE Switzerland - History history of IAESTE switzerland. Conference. switzerland was one of the nine West European countries who met three years after the second world war in London http://www.iaeste.ch/General/history.en.shtml

General Model History Universities ... Sitemap History of IAESTE Switzerland Switzerland was one of the nine West European countries who met three years after the second world war in London at the Imperial College with delegates of Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. It was recommended that a central organisation should be established to control the interchange of technical students in the various countries and that this permanent organisation should be called THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE EXCHANGE OF STUDENTS FOR TECHNICAL EXPERIENCE (IAESTE). The geographical coverage was soon to spread to most of Europe and beyond, as new countries were admitted into membership. In Switzerland the first exchanges took place with students from the ETH Zurich, but gradually other Swiss universities and technical colleges joined in. Over the last 50 years IAESTE Switzerland has been a regular member of IAESTE International , has hosted several General Conferences, has experienced the ups and downs of economic crises or political turmoils and contributed considerably to the smooth running of this world-wide organisation. IAESTE International Switzerland National Office LC Basel ... JUMP!2000

51. Travel In Interlaken, Switzerland - History - WorldTravelGate.net® The Germanic tribes overran switzerland a little more than three hundred years All of switzerland came under Frankish rule during the sixth century, http://www.eurotravelling.net/switzerland/interlaken_history.htm

ADVERTISING INFORMATION Interlaken - History Interlaken (570 m), though originally the stomping ground of some wayward Celts, was taken over by the Romans in 58 B.C.. These conquer o rs gave it the Latin name "Interlacus," meaning "between the lakes." The Germanic tribes over-ran Switzerland a little more than three hundred years later, and it was specifically the Alemanni who moved into the valley in 260 A.D.. Sometime during their heyday the name was mutated to "Inder-lappen." All of Switzerland came under Frankish rule during the sixth century, but the Franks had little effect on an area already well ensconsed in the Germanic language and culture. In 1133, an Augustinian monastery was founded and given the strangely familiar name of "Interlacus." The monks gained power by buying up all of the surrounding lands, during the next few centuries eventually becoming the biggest landowners in all of the Berner Oberland. The concept of feudalism was alive and thriving. Around the year 1280, Count Berchtold of Eschenbach got permission to build a town on lands rented from the monastery. His town, just over on the other side of the River Aare, became known as "Unterseen," also "between the lakes."

52. Travel In Berne, Switzerland - History - WorldTravelGate.net® of Breisgau (now the German region north of the Rhine bordering switzerland). west of the River Aare in today s Frenchspeaking switzerland). http://www.eurotravelling.net/switzerland/berne_history.htm

ADVERTISING INFORMATION Berne - History Bern - City of the Zähringers The region of Bern was settled as early as prehistoric times, and later by Celts, Romans and Germanic tribes. In 1191 Duke Berchtold V of Zähringen founded the City of Bern. The Zähringers came from a Swabian family of noble descent, rulers of the dukedom of Breisgau (now the German region north of the Rhine bordering Switzerland). The German Emperor appointed them Chancellors of Burgundy (roughly present-day Burgundy in France as well as the territory west of the River Aare in today's French-speaking Switzerland). As chancellors they were entrusted with representing the Emperor and protecting his interests against rebellious nobles, as well as ensuring safe access to the strategically important alpine passes in the Burgundy region, which were vital to the Emperor's rule over north and south, running as they did from present-day Germany to present-day Italy. Construction of Bern on the Aare peninsula. Natural protection on three sides; walls and watch-tower on the fourth side (now the Clock Tower), city moats. Berchtold V built the city according to a clearly defined plan, starting with the lowest edge (Nydegg) and proceeding in a westerly direction. Characteristic features common to all Zähringer cities: broad street for market (no central square); advanced infrastructure with utility water source (Stadtbach), sewage (Ehgräben) and drinking water supply (Quellfassung); right-angle street grid; lots divided into tracts of equal dimensions (so-called homesteads measuring 100x60 feet); imperial citadel (Nydegg Fortress, now the site of the Nydegg Church) separated from the main city: public buildings (Cathedral and Town Hall) set aside from the main city axis (which was reserved for commercial purposes).

53. MSN Encarta - Further Reading - Switzerland A history of switzerland, the First 100000 Years Before the Beginnings to Geography, history, and culture of switzerland; for middle school readers. http://encarta.msn.com/readings_761571795/Switzerland.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Sign In Web Search: Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Go to article Further Reading from Encarta Further Reading offers additional information about your topics. Switzerland For younger readers Switzerland: History Switzerland: Politics, Society, and Culture Also on Encarta Compare online degrees Train for a better career College life Encarta word of the day For younger readers Hintz, Martin. Switzerland. Rev. ed. Children's Press, 1996. An introduction to the country; for readers in grades 5 to 8. Levy, Patricia M. Switzerland. 2nd ed. Marshall Cavendish, 1994. For readers in grades 6 to 8. Netzley, Patricia D. Switzerland. Lucent, 2001. For readers in grades 5 to 8. Switzerland: History Birmingham, David. Switzerland: A Village History. St. Martin's, 2000. Ten centuries of Swiss history as seen through the history of a rural Alpine village. Bonjour, Edgar. A Short History of Switzerland. Greenwood, 1985. Standard concise account; reprint of 1952 edition. Luck, James Murray.

54. REFORM IN FRENCH SWITZERLAND A brief history of Calvin and his supporters and opponents. http://www.christianchronicler.com/history1/reform_in_french_switzerland.html

REFORM IN FRENCH SWITZERLAND Some historians refer to Calvin as a generation reformer. Calvin built on Luther's and Zwingli's foundations but went much farther to construct his own building. In some ways he represents a median between the two. On one hand, Calvin admired Luther but often disagreed with him. On the other hand, he saw Zwingli as too humanistic, Erasmian and anti-Augustinian. John Calvin influenced western civilization far more than the other two reformers. Calvin systematized where the others did not. Luther wrote tracts, pamphlets and treatises but did not put his thinking into neat systematic form. Zwingli tended toward the negative, demanding the removal of unbiblical observances and practices but hardly developing a systematic theology. When Calvin wrote, he weighed his arguments carefully and wrote in well turned phrases. As a result, readers found him logical, understandable and reasonable and thus highly influential. I. Calvin's early life. Jean Cauvin (1509-1564) began his life in Noyon, Picardy, France. His father served the Lord of Noyon as fiscal secretary and the local bishop as secretary. Since Calvin grew up in a nobleman's home, he enjoyed many advantages. Educational opportunities presented themselves at every corner. He enjoyed considerable wealth and cultural enrichment. Because of his father's relationship to the bishop, Calvin received his own chaplaincy at age 12 complete with stipend.

55. Magazine Antiques: Chateau De Coppet Near Geneva, Switzerland - History Of The C Chateau de Coppet near Geneva, switzerland history of the chateau. Magazine Antiques, March, 2001 by Paula Deitz. new. Save a personal copy of this http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1026/is_3_159/ai_71578618

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles Magazine Antiques March 2001 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Related Searches Literary landmarks / Homes and haunts Geneva, Switzerland / Housing Featured Titles for Air Classics Art Culinaire Ask CPSC Monitor ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Chateau de Coppet near Geneva, Switzerland - history of the chateau Magazine Antiques March, 2001 by Paula Deitz Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. When Napoleon I, then first consul, forced the liberal novelist and essayist Madame de Stael (nee Anne Louise Germaine Necker) into exile from Paris in 1803, she settled just north of Geneva in the Chateau de Coppet on the banks of the lake. Declaring that "Geneva is Europe." [1] Napoleon realized that Madame de Stael continued to gather the world around her at Coppet, making it a literal crossroads for writers across the Continent. Stendhal (1783-1842) later called Coppet "the Estates General of European thought." [2] Even today, the visitor to Geneva senses that the city is the magnetic center of intellectual Europe. Madame de Stael inherited Coppet from her father, the Genevan banker Jacques Necker (1732-1804), on his death and often spent the summer there before Napoleon forced her into exile, first at Coppet, and then, beginning in 1812, on a journey that took her across Austria, Russia, Finland, and Sweden before arriving in England. She traveled through Russia just ahead of Napoleon's Grande Armee, and soon after she was presented to Czar Alexander I (r. 1801-1825) in Saint Petersburg, the French captured Moscow.

56. Switzerland -- Primary Documents history of switzerland Primary Documents Especially strong in French and Swiss history sources. (French transcriptions and translations) http://library.byu.edu/~rdh/eurodocs/switzerl.html

History of Switzerland: Primary Documents The Early Germanic Kingdoms Texts and Archives (Transcriptions) Quellen zur mittelalterlichen Reichsgeschichte Sources for the History of the Medieval [Germanic] Empire Early, High and Late Middle Ages. Includes the Hanseatic League. (800 - 1503; Latin and contemporary German transcriptions with critical apparatus) Handschriftenabbildungen: Deutschsprachige Handschriften des Mittelalters im Internet Facsimiles of German-language medieval manuscripts. Organized by locations of manuscripts. Holy Roman Empire: Frederick II and After (Transcriptions and translations) Foedus Pactum Pact Between Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden (August 1291; transcription of Latin original) Bundesbrief Pact Between Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden (August 1291; modern German translation of Latin original) Federal Charter Pact Between Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden (August 1291; English translation of Latin original) NOTE: Further translations of the Foedus Pactum are also available in Romansh French and Italian Codex Manesse Complete facsimile of the Codex Palatinus Germanicus 848 in the Heidelberg university library

57. IPA SWITZERLAND - History Nowadays the section of switzerland counts over 12’000 members. Founder Foundation year of the IPA section switzerland regions http://www.ipa-swiss.ch/Sito IPA creazione/IPA CH/Storia CH/storiach_en.htm

La storia della sezione Svizzera dell'IPA Home Foundation Founder Region Foundation ... National Board since 1955 Foundation With the foundation in the year 1955 of the first two IPA Sections «Suisse-Genève» and «Suisse Fribourg» (changed to Regions later on) the foundation of IPA Section Switzerland was done. The official foundation took place on the 9th May 1955. Foundation document of the IPA Switzerland During the international congress in Paris, held on the 16th and 17th of September 1955, our section was admitted together with the Germany section to the nowadays largest association of police officers. The Swiss delegation at the first international congress in Paris, September 1995 (from left to right: Loegan, Clerc, Goebler, Baumgartner) At this memorable day in Paris the section Switzerland was represented by our friends René Goebler André Clerc André Baumgartner and Marcel Loegan According to the international statutes the IPA section Switzerland is independent regarding the organisation and the administration, as well as the 14 regions, unless they are not inconsistent with the international statutes.

58. _ Book Books History Society Switzerland Guide Rough guide to switzerland Contexts Books about switzerland history and society. http://switzerland.isyours.com/e/guide/contexts/historybooks.html

Contact About Links Gallery ... Hotels Living and investing in Switzerland Home Swiss Residency Swiss bank accounts Tourist Guide ... Travel books History and society Litterature Food and drink Language Travel basics ... www.housesearch.ch Books about Switzerland : history and society Home Tourist Guide Table of contents Swiss culture ... Books Tom Bower, Blood Money (Pan) and Nazi Gold (Harperperennial, US). Two recent exposés of the Nazi gold scandal, both sensational airport-style paperbacks full of shocked prose, but both nonetheless getting down to the nitty-gritty. Walter Dettwiler, William Tell: Portrait of a Legend (Swiss National Museum). Fascinating little study of the web of tales surrounding the Swiss national hero, and the many different ways the story has been told over the centuries to suit the concerns of each particular age. Dieter Fahrni, An Outline History of Switzerland (Pro Helvetia). Compact 130-page overview of the main events in Swiss history from Julius Caesar to the Nazi gold scandal, a little gushing on recent events and accomplishments (this is, after all, published by the official Arts Council of Switzerland) but nonetheless valuable for its clarity and simplicity of approach. Available free from Swiss embassies worldwide. Stephen P. Halbrook, Target Switzerland: Swiss Armed Neutrality in World War II (Sarpedon). Controversial work putting forward the thesis that it was the mobilization of Switzerland’s citizen army, and not high-level politicking and collaboration, that kept the Third Reich at bay during World War II. Lambasted for being naive, it nonetheless brings some interesting facts to light, although remains ultimately unconvincing.

59. _ History Zurich Zürich Switzerland Guide Some history about Zurich in switzerland. without our prior written permission. Printed from http//switzerland.isyours.com/e/guide/zurich/history.html. http://switzerland.isyours.com/e/guide/zurich/history.html

Contact About Links Gallery ... Hotels Living and investing in Switzerland Home Swiss Residency Swiss bank accounts Tourist Guide ... Maps History Felix and Regula The city Restaurants Nightlife ... www.housesearch.ch Zürich : some history Home Tourist Guide Table of contents Zurich Although there’s evidence of settlement around Zürich from the Bronze Age and before, the Romans were the first to fortify the site, turning the Lindenhof into a customs post in the first century BC and naming it Turicum . The legend of the city’s foundation dates from the martyrdom of Felix and Regula , deserters from a Roman legion based in Valais. During the eleventh and twelfth centuries, Zürich’s traders built up fabulous wealth, mainly from textiles such as wool and silk. In 1336, however, a visionary burgomaster, Rudolf Brun , shuffled the merchant nobility out of power, handing control instead to workers’ guilds (which were to keep a hold on the city until the nineteenth century). Shortly after, still under Brun’s direction, Zürich joined the nascent Swiss Confederation. The thriving city experienced its zenith of power and prestige in the sixteenth century, when it became the first Swiss city to embrace the

60. SwitzerlandGenWeb Willkommen . switzerland. Family history A history of the switzerland GOOGLE switzerland Rootsweb Email Lists for switzerland the Cantons http://www.rootsweb.com/~chewgw/

Enjoy the Music of Switzerland Be sure to press "RELOAD" to view the latest changes! "Willkommen" Switzerland Family History Confoederatio Helvetica - - - Swiss Confederation  Switzerland, the Roman province of Helvetia  The Helvetia becomes part of the Holy Roman Empire.           Holy Roman Empire, the designation for the political entity that originated at the coronation           as emperor (962) of the German king Otto I and endured until the renunciation (1806) of the           imperial title by Francis II. The term itself did not come into usage until several centuries           after Otto's accession. Formation of a defense league , The League of the Three Forest Cantons,  the basis of the Swiss Confederation, by cantons (states) of Uri, Schwyz, and  Unterwalden.  Henry VII recognizes Swiss League.  Swiss defeat Leopold of Austria at Morgarten.  The Swiss League renewed.  Truce between Swiss League and Hapsburgs.  Lucerne joins Swiss League.  Zurich joins Swiss League.  Glarus and Zug join Swiss League.  Austria wars against Zurich.  Bern joins the Swiss Confederation, which now consists of the 8 old cantons.

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