61. RIGHTS: Indigenous Peoples Push For Restitution indigenous peoples Push for Restitution Michelle Nel The San, or the Bushpeople of southern africa, the Maasai of Kenya and Tanzania, the Nama, http://ipsnews.net/interna.asp?idnews=20351

62. MSN Encarta - Print Preview - African Literature swahili writers of epic verse borrowed from the romantic traditions surrounding contact between European settlers or traders and the indigenous peoples, http://uk.encarta.msn.com/text_761555353___11/African_Literature.html

Print Print Preview African Literature Article View On the File menu, click Print to print the information. African Literature II. Pre-19th-Century Literature Early literature across Africa was meant for ceremonial and ritual use and was either commemorative in function, or a record of histories, peoples, and events. Much of it derived from or was inspired by devotional texts: the Bible of the early Coptic Christians and the Koran. Makeda, Queen of Sheba, Ethiopia, wrote an account in the 10th century bc of her experience of travelling to see Solomon, King of Israel, and of the effect this visit had on her life. The story, circulated in manuscript and oral form for centuries, was translated into English and published by Sir E. A. Wallis Budge under the title The Queen of Sheba and Her Only Son Menyelek (1922). Queen Hatshepsut of Egypt (15th century bc ) wrote poetry in honour of her earthly and spiritual fathers which appears on the sides of obelisks she erected at the temple of Amon in Karnak. The form and content of early written literature of West Africa were very much influenced by certain Islamic writings which originated further north on the continent. Histories such as the well-known Kano Chronicle were originally written in Hausa. Copies were highly prized property of the sarkis (rulers) of northern Nigeria. However, this epic only came to be known of centuries later, in 1883-1893, when the chronicle was transcribed by Sir Richmond Palmer. The original versions of the text were destroyed by Fulani invaders. The same is true of the famed

63. Wonders Of The African World - Episodes - The Swahili Coast - Wonders Photo swahili woman The swahili people number approximately half a million the swahili Coast by the 12th century, though elements of indigenous African http://www.pbs.org/wonders/Episodes/Epi2/2_wondr2.htm

THE SWAHILI COAST EPISODE The Swahili people number approximately half a million, inhabiting a string of small settlements along the East African coast in parts of Somalia, Kenya and Tanzania. They are believed to have descended from Bantu-speaking agriculturalists who lived in an area reaching roughly from Kenya's Tana River in modern Kenya to the Webi Shebelle region of Somalia. Although they had long supplemented their farming with fishing, it is believed that around 500 A.D. these people began to trade and migrate along the coast. Over the next three centuries migrant groups moved south by ship, establishing settlements both on the coast and on adjacent islands. These independent polities were linked by trade as well as by a common culture and language, Swahili . From an early date, merchants from the Arab peninsula, Persia, and India settled among and intermarried with the Swahili towns' African founders. By the 12 th century Swahili culture exhibited Arab and Asian cultural influences. A distinctive Swahili architecture had emerged, which reflected these influences. Houses made of coral rag and coral stone had replaced the circular mud-and-wattle buildings found in parts of inland East Africa. The ruins at the Gedi in Kenya provide one example of early Swahili architecture. Islam was also well established along the Swahili Coast by the 12

64. Ninemsn Encarta - African Literature more Encarta Search. Search Encarta about African Literature of regularcontact between European settlers or traders and the indigenous peoples, http://au.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761555353/African_Literature.html

ninemsn Home Hotmail Search Shopping ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Related Items Abrahams, Peter Achebe, Chinua more... Encarta Search Search Encarta about African Literature Advertisement African Literature Encyclopedia Article Multimedia 2 items Article Outline Introduction Pre-19th-Century Literature The Early 20th Century Contemporary Literature I Introduction Print Preview of Section African Literature , works of poetry, fiction, and non-fiction, published in written form in various media (books, journals, manuscripts, inscriptions on public monuments), by writers of direct African descent from countries south of the Sahara. African oral traditions of storytelling mean that the pioneering works of African fiction have been largely unavailable in print. Vast numbers of various peoples across sub-Saharan Africa mainly relied on the oral relaying of stories and styles of storytelling from one generation of a family to the next. This preserved a repertoire of tales peculiar to their culture which was also a record of African history. As such, African literature has traditionally blurred the boundaries of fiction and non-fiction as perceived in the West. It continues to confound these categories in other aspects of style. In traditional society, the business of telling stories was often professionalized. Male children learnt the art from their elders and matured when they acquired an established repertoire of stories and styles. Examples of this are in the traditions of the

65. Panel 26 indigenous people are those who are perceived to live in harmony with nature . nonAfrican – ie Arabian – origin of swahili coastal society has become http://www.nomadit.co.uk/~aegis/panels/26d.htm

PANEL 26d (SH) Images of Africa dijkr@fsw.leidenuniv.nl; bruijnm@fsw.leidenuniv.nl Panel abstract The creation of images of Africa is an ongoing process with a long dating history. This panel aims to explore the production and mediation by Western scholarship (of different disciplines) of images of Africa and how these are confronted and appropriated by local, regional and national actors in Africa. Panel summary "A great green grave": The roots of government policy in colonial and postcolonial images of Pemba, Zanzibar Liz McMahon, Indiana University, African Studies emmcmaho@indiana.edu This paper examines how the colonial construction of images of Pemba (Zanzibar) allows us to understand both the development of colonial policies and sheds light on the mechanics of Revolutionary attitudes to the island. These images underscore Pemban efforts to remain in control of their land by pushing outsiders away. African soldiers in the Dutch colonial army: from victors to victims Ineke van Kessel, Leiden University, African Studies

66. Programs People. African Studies Program (APS) Staff. Dr. Nancy Farwell, Chair human rights and indigenous peoples rights, international economic law http://depts.washington.edu/africa1/people.htm

HOME STUDENT OPPORTUNITIES PROGRAM ACTIVITIES PEOPLE ... OFFICE People African Studies Program (ASP) Staff Dr. Nancy Farwell, Chair School of Social Work, 206-616-2339, nfarwell@u.washington.edu Teresa Mares, Program Assistant Thomson 501, 206-616-0998, africa1@u.washington.edu Yemane Gebremicael, Experiential Learning Coordinator Thomson 501, 206-616-0998 yemanegm@u.washington.edu AFRICAN STUDIES PROGRAM, UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON FACULTY LIST CORE FACULTY RENE A. BRAVMANN, PhD Indiana University (1971), Professor, Art History; African-American art, African art, Oceanic art STEPHANIE M. H. CAMP, PhD University of Pennsylvania (1998), Associate Professor, History; history of slavery, African-American history, American South, gender RACHEL R CHAPMAN, PhD University of California, Los Angeles (1998), Assistant Professor, Anthropology; racial and ethnic disparities in health, urban and reproductive health, applied international health, gender systems, and political economy; US, Mozambique STEPHEN DE TRAY, PhD University of Washington (1995); Lecturer, Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences (Tacoma); African Studies, Comparative Politics, Nonprofit Management

67. Zfsheet09 indigenous people s knowledge of climatic and soil factors makes it possible for The swahili form a big indigenous community in Mozambique and Tanzania, http://www.sardc.net/imercsa/zambezi/zfsheet/zfsheet09.html

Musokotwane Environment Resource Centre for Southern Africa I M E R C S A Factsheet 9: Indigenous Knowledge Systems Factsheet No#9: Indigenous Knowledge Systems The traditional history of southern African societies is manifested in the hills, mountains, valleys, burial grounds and in specific sacred and historical sites. Quite often outsiders do not recognise the importance of such sites and superimpose different values on the local people. It is believed that people's contact with nature has never been direct, it has always been mediated through knowledge structures. Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) refers to a body of knowledge and beliefs built by a group of people, and handed down generations through oral tradition, about the relationship between living beings and their environment. It includes a system of organisation, a set of empirical observations about the local environment, and a system of self-management that governs resource use. Most IKS are oral-based and often revealed through stories and legends. It is therefore, difficult to transmit ideas and concepts to those who do not share the language, tradition and cultural experience. Hence when a language is threatened or diminished in importance, there is a direct impact on the ability to express knowledge acquired through generations of experience.

68. SOMALI BANTU - Their History And Culture The mixing of the coastal Bantuspeaking African peoples with these Arab immigrantsled to During this time, the swahili people expanded their trade and http://www.culturalorientation.net/bantu/sbhist.html

culturalorientation.net -home SOMALI BANTU CULTURE PROFILE CHAPTER C ONTENTS P REFACE ... ORDER A PRINT COPY SCROLL TO: Colonial Period Slavery Social Impact of Slavery After Slavery ... Post Civil War History Persian and Arab traders established business contacts with east Africans over 1,000 years ago. These relations, coupled with refugees who fled the turmoil in Arabia after the death of the prophet Muhammad in the 7 th century, resulted in a significant number of Arab immigrants residing on the coast of east Africa. The mixing of the coastal Bantu-speaking African peoples with these Arab immigrants led to the emergence of the Swahili people and language. The Swahili people lived and worked for the next seven centuries with the indigenous African population. During this time, the Swahili people expanded their trade and communication further inland and to the south with other African groups, including ancestral tribes of the Somali Bantu. Colonial Period By the time the Portuguese arrived in the 15 th century, there existed a modern economy and advanced society on the east coast of Africa that some claim rivaled those in Europe. Portuguese colonial rule, however, disrupted the traditional local economic networks on the east African coast, resulting in a general breakdown of the once prosperous Swahili economy.

69. African Proverbs, Sayings And Stories - Book Reviews After swahili Gikuyu is the African language spoken by the most people in East After many years of listening to the people in their indigenous language, http://www.afriprov.org/resources/bkreview.htm

Book Reviews Contents Book Review of African Stories for Preachers and Teachers Book Review of Nzerumbawiri: Provérbious Sena How To Enliven Community Development Making the Most Of Oral Literature ... African Proverbs on Peace and War Book Review of African Stories for Preachers and Teachers Compiled by Joseph G. Healey Nairobi: Paulines Publications Africa, 2005. Paperback, 152 pages. Price: $5. Reviewed by John P. Mbonde The author, Joseph G. Healey, is an American Maryknoll priest who was ordained in 1966. He has worked in East Africa since 1968 and presently is lives in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. He is the renowned prolific writer and analyst of African proverbs and stories including the famous book Towards an African Narrative Theology (published by both Orbis Books and Paulines Publications Africa). He has been in East Africa since 1968, and has written several other books including: A Fifth Gospel: The Experience of Black Christian Values; Kuishi Injili (Living the Gospel); and Kueneza Injili Kwa Methali (Preaching the Gospel Through Proverbs) . He is involved in continuous research on African stories, proverbs, sayings, poems, folklore, etc.

70. Popular Music And Society: Language Choice And Hip Hop In Tanzania And Malawi The choices of language in Tanzanian rap music, whether English, swahili, fear that the indigenous people would have access to official information. http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2822/is_3_24/ai_82803971

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles Popular Music and Society Fall 2000 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Related Searches Rap music / Africa African languages / Usage Language and culture / Africa Tanzania / Popular culture ... Malawi / Popular culture Featured Titles for ALAN Review Afterimage American Drama American Music Teacher ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Language choice and hip hop in Tanzania and Malawi Popular Music and Society Fall, 2000 by John Fenn Alex Perullo Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Hip hop music and culture, once considered an American phenomenon, exists throughout the world today. In each cultural area, hip hop artists filter American and other foreign hip hop styles through their own local musical, social, and linguistic practices, creating unique musical forms. Tanzania and Malawi, two African countries, are no exception to this creative process. Both countries have vibrant hip hop communities that draw heavily on their knowledge of international, as well as local and national, hip hop music and culture. In mediating between various hip hop communities, rap artists and enthusiasts in both countries have established distinctive rap cultures, particularly in regards to language use in their music and everyday conversations.

71. Journal Of Third World Studies: Power Of Babel: Language And Governance In The A He accounts for the limitations imposed before swahili in the US in for areturn to the people, to the indigenous languages and cultures which they http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3821/is_200110/ai_n8994240

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles Journal of Third World Studies Fall 2001 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Featured Titles for Advocate, The Air Force Journal of Logistics Air Force Law Review Air Force Speeches ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Power of Babel: Language and Governance in the African Experience, The Journal of Third World Studies Fall 2001 by Owino, Francis R Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Mazrui, Ali A. and Alamin M. Mazrui. The Power of Babel: Language and Governance in the African Experience. London: James Currey, Limited, 1998. 228 pp. In chapter one, "Language and Race in the Black Experience," Ali A. Mazrui notes the paradoxical survival of the cultural and linguistic practice of the subjugated communities when the colonialists, following separatist policies, denied Africans the use of European languages and promoted the use of the indigenous languages. He posits that the effect of assimilation where mixed policies were pursued has seen a remarkable loss of speakers of the indigenous languages. Where they survived, they have merely continued to serve communalist role as the European languages play the ecumenical role.

72. Anthropology Catalogue From Gazelle Book Services Still, much mythology and misconception enshroud africa and its people. Traditional or indigenous africa has not vanished; it is still the home of the http://www.gazellebookservices.co.uk/Marketing/Academic/Academic Forthcoming Boo

Gazelle Book Services Limited. White Cross Mills, Hightown, LANCASTER LA1 4XS, United Kingdom. Telephone: +44(0)1524 68765 Fax: +44(0)1524 63232 Email: sales@gazellebooks.co.uk Web: www.gazellebooks.co.uk NEW WORLD, FIRST NATIONS February 2006 ; HB, £55.00, Sussex Academic Press CULTURE, POWER AND AGENCY February 2006 ; HB, £28.00, Stree JEWS OF LEBANON February 2006 ; PB, £22.50, Sussex Academic Press DEVELOPING RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS CHILDREN January 2006 ; HB, £100.99, Transnational Publishers LANDSCAPES IN INDIA January 2006 ; HB, £44.50, University Press of Colorado ETHNOPHILOSOPHY December 2005 ; HB, £30.00, Stree INDIGENOUS AFRICAN INSTITUTIONS, 2ND EDITION December 2005 ; HB, £92.99, Transnational Publishers SCAR UPON OUR VOICE ((Mary Burritt Christiansen Poetry Series)) December 2005 ; HB, £19.50, University of New Mexico Press

73. African Languages. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 Tonality is a common feature of indigenous African languages. swahili, aBantu tongue of the NigerKordofanian stock, was written before the European http://www.bartleby.com/65/af/Africanlng.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. African languages geographic rather than linguistic classification of languages spoken on the African continent. Historically the term refers to the languages of sub-Saharan Africa, which do not belong to a single family, but are divided among several distinct linguistic stocks. It is estimated that more than 800 languages are spoken in Africa; however, they belong to comparatively few language families. Some 50 African languages have more than half a million speakers each, but many others are spoken by relatively few people. Tonality is a common feature of indigenous African languages. There are usually two or three tones (based on pitch levels rather than the rising and falling in inflections of Chinese tones) used to indicate semantic or grammatical distinction.

74. African Timelines Part II: African Empires Early Written Literature of SubSaharan West africa Zimbabwe swahili Cities West africa, The Land and its People (The Cora Connection) http://web.cocc.edu/cagatucci/classes/hum211/timelines/htimeline2.htm

Part II: African Empires AD / CE 1st - 15th centuries African Timelines Table of Contents COCC Home Cora Agatucci Home Classes ... African Timelines Web tip: When you revisit this web page, please "refresh" or "renew" in your Internet Browser Short Cuts on this web page to brief Discussions on: Axum Advent of Islam Glossary Trans-Saharan Cross-Cultural Contact Mali Empire ... Timbuktu "Let's face it think of Africa, and the first images that come to mind are of war, poverty, famine and flies. How many of us really know anything at all about the truly great ancient African civilizations, which in their day, were just as splendid and glorious as any on the face of the earth?" Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Wonders of the African World (PBS Online,1999): http://www.pbs.org/wonders/BehindSc/inter.htm#5 ca. 300 (to 700) Rise of Axum or Aksum (Ethiopia) and conversion to Christianity. (By CE 1 st century, Rome had conquered Egypt, Carthage, and other North African areas; which became the granaries of the Roman Empire, and the majority of the population converted to Christianity). Axum spent its religious zeal carving out churches from rocks and writing and interpreting religious texts Civilizations in Africa: Axum (Richard Hooker, World Civilizations, WSU):

75. Study Abroad Kenya Page LANGUAGE English, swahili, indigenous. MAJOR EVENTS Kenyatta Day, 20 October Striving to eradicate illiteracy among its people, Kenya also provides http://info.iiepassport.org/Archive/KenyaIIE.html

KENYA FAST FACTS: POPULATION: CAPITAL: Nairobi CURRENCY: Kenyan shilling (KES) RELIGIONS: Protestant (35%), Roman Catholic (35%), Muslim (30%), Animist (5%) LANGUAGE: English, Swahili, indigenous MAJOR EVENTS: Kenyatta Day, 20 October Independence Day, 12 December Kenya at a Glance... Kenya, 'the cradle of humanity', boasts a legacy of anthropological wonders, unique safari experiences, and an unsurpassed tribal and cultural identity. To the east of Kenya is the Indian Ocean, with Ethiopia to the north, Sudan to the northwest, Uganda to the west, Tanzania to the south, and Somalia to the northeast. The country has four topographical distinctions: arid deserts, savannah lands, fertile lowlands, and highlands. The Arabs were the first to formally capitalize on Kenya's trade advantage, which was later seized by the Portuguese in the 16th century. But by 1720 the Arabs regained power in the land. For the next two centuries, the Arabian Omani Dynasties ruled Kenya. The early part of the 19th century found Kenya burdened with internal struggles, which eventually resulted in Kenya being competitively controlled by the British and Germans. By the 1890s, British land rule was pervasive throughout Kenya's highlands. Civil unrest ignited during the early 20th century as outsiders turned their sites on Kenya's land potential and scattered Kenya's indigenous tribes. Kenya's fight for independence began, and Jomo Kenyatta, during the 1930s and 1940s began the movement to return territorial, economic and political rights back to the people. The Kenyan African National Union (KANU) movement emerged and Jomo Kenyatta assumed leadership in 1963. Under Kenyatta's leadership, Kenya maintained her prosperous, economic stability.

76. Indigenous Knowledge - Home Page - Africa Region - The World Bank indigenous Knowledge africa Region - The World Bank. The main theme forthe Symposium will be People in ecosystems linkages between traditional http://www.worldbank.org/afr/ik/newsflsh.htm

Archives Upcoming Events Forthcoming Conferences in 2005 - 2006 This conference aims to: facilitate the identification and testing of potentially beneficial low-cost naturally-derived medicinal products for HIV/AIDS prevention and cure and also facilitate the production of valuable resources which will ensure sound education and cultural empowerment in the fields of medicine, health care and sustainable development. The Global Summit on HIV/AIDS, Traditional Medicine and Indigenous Knowledge will be held at the Accra International Centre, Republic of Ghana. For more information visit: http://www.africa-first.com/gsaidstmik2006/default.aspx G lobal Conference on African Healing Wisdom, Washington DC, July 6-9, 2005 The workshop aims to To increase the capacity for dialogue and cooperation among traditional healers and health care providers across the health continuum in the United States, African countries and African communities in the Americas and Caribbean region. For more information visit: http://www.procultura.org/AFRICA.htm

77. UNESCO - Education For All - Knowledge Sharing - Grassroots Stories - Africa He cited the example of the use of swahili in the Organisation of africa We should not rely on other people s efforts of develop their languages to http://www.unesco.org/education/efa/know_sharing/grassroots_stories/africa.shtml

Background Documents Dakar Framework for Action FAQ ... Civil Society Knowledge Sharing Grassroots stories More Use Of African Languages In Schools Called For in Africa By Assumpta Massoi Inter Press Service DAR ES SALAAM, Apr 11 (IPS) - Language experts in Sub-Saharan Africa have called on governments in the region to put into place policies to ensure that African languages, like Swahili, are used as a medium of instruction in schools. Delegates who attended an international workshop on languages here recently said the absence of such policies makes it extremely difficult to develop local languages. They said strategic plans had to be put into place to ensure that more use of the languages was made in schools. The conference, which drew participants from Africa, Europe, the United States and Asia, said countries would develop faster if their people used a medium of communication which they were conversant with. South Africa was commended for adopting a multilingual language policy in 1996 in which nine African languages of the country Ndebele, Xhosa, Zulu, Sesotho, Sesotho sa Leboa, Sesotho Siswati, Setswana, Xitsonga and Tshivenda were included among 11 official languages. ''Language is a basic human right and everyone has the right to express themselves in a language they feel comfortable with at all levels,'' states one of the conference resolutions which calls on governments in Africa to develop indigenous languages for use at all educational levels and at national meetings.

78. Investing In Africa Can Be Quite A Challenge But Good Deals Are The national language and lingua franca is swahili which is spoken throughout Something important to note, in African culture people do not maintain http://www.escapeartist.com/efam/71/Investing_In_Kenya.html

Investing In Africa Can Be Quite A Challenge: But Good Deals Are On The Horizon ~ by James Joroge Return To Issue Article Index Investing In Africa Can Be Quite A Challenge But Good Deals Are On The Horizon ~ by James Joroge June 2005 Geography Kenya lies in the Eastern part of the African continent with an area of 582,646 square kilometers (slightly smaller than the size of Texas). The country is nearly shield-shaped, its northern part is broader while the southern part tapers out to a tip. The equator runs midway, almost dividing the country in two equal halves. Its neighbors in the region are: i) Ethiopia to the north ii) Sudan to the Northwest iii) Uganda to the West iv) Tanzania to the south v) Somalia to the East. The Indian Ocean borders the country in the Southeast. Topography Kenya can be divided into several regions of lowlands and highlands. These are: Nairobi a) The coastal plain - a region of high temperatures bordering the Indian Ocean b) Nyika Plateau - This the safari country that occupies most of Kenya. The region is dry with little and sometimes unreliable rainfall. c) The Highlands - situated in the central part of Kenya and divided into two parts by the Great Rift Valley, the Eastern highlands and Western highlands. This region receives heavy and reliable rainfall throughout the year.This is the breadbasket of the country with a lot of farming activities.

79. The MIA Curriculum Most people are not aware of the exponential growth of stock markets in africa, Only indigenous african languages are eligible to count toward the http://www.columbia.edu/cu/sipa/MIA/afr.html

80. African Studies: Films & Videos African Studies Videos at Columbia University (Columbia University Libraries) by People of Color in America and by Third World and indigenous people http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/africa/cuvl/video.html

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