61. Untitled Document Australian spina bifida and hydrocephalus Association You will find information on spina bifida, hydrocephalus, folic acid and latex allergies. http://www.tvcc.on.ca/newdocs/links.php3?sublabels=Spina Bifida

62. Spina Bifida,Spina Bifida,Spina Bifida,Rachischisis Posterior spina bifida is the most common of a group of birth defects called neural However, affected children should be evaluated for hydrocephalus and bladder http://www.icomm.ca/geneinfo/spinbif.htm

63. University Of Chicago Comer Children's Hospital: Comprehensive Care For Children We offer treatment for hydrocephalus, spina bifida, Chiari malformation type 1, and other congenital anomalies. http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/specialties/neurosurgery/hydrocephalus.html

@import "/css/style.css"; Home Contact Us Pediatric Specialties Neurosurgery ... Neurosurgery Comprehensive Care for Children with Hydrocephalus and Congenital Anomalies of the Nervous System Many congenital anomalies of the nervous system (birth defects), such as hydrocephalus, Chiari malformation, spina bifida, and encephalocele are treated primarily with surgery. At the University of Chicago Comer Children's Hospital, we have established an exceptional program to treat these diseases. Our dedicated staff includes a multidisciplinary team of pediatric neurosurgeons, pediatric neurologists, pediatric orthopaedists, urologists, rehabilitation specialists, and physicians in the human genetics program. Research grants fund this program so that we can bring the latest discoveries to children with these conditions. Hydrocephalus A common neurological disease, hydrocephalusfluid on the braincan occur after premature birth or trauma, or from a congenital anomaly. Our hydrocephalus care is internationally recognized, and parents from many countries bring their children to us for expert treatment. We offer the full range of devices to shunt, or drain, excess fluid from the brain. University of Chicago neurosurgeons are skilled at designing the optimal approach for each child. We can fine-tune fluid drainage with programmable valves and other shunt components to increase effectiveness and comfort for our young patients. We also offer new, non-invasive ways of testing the effectiveness of shunts after they have been implantedeliminating the need for other, more painful tests.

64. HSC: Unlocking The Mysteries Of Spina Bifida (Kaleidoscope) Project 1 will study the genetic factors associated with spina bifida and of children with the most severe form of spina bifida develop hydrocephalus, http://www.sickkids.on.ca/kaleid/SUM98/spina.asp

Go back to Summer 1998 Unlocking the mysteries of spina bifida To Maureen Dennis, psychologist and researcher at Sick Kids, the definition of heroine is a mother who raises a child with spina bifida, the number one disabling birth defect in North America. "There's something totally heroic about the way mothers care for these children," says the psychologist who has devoted much of her career to studying this and other neuro-developmental disorders. Spina bifida is a neural tube defect that occurs within the first four weeks of pregnancy. The vertebrae and/or spinal cord of the fetus fail to develop properly, resulting in varying degrees of damage to the spinal cord and brain. In Canada, approximately one in every 750 infants is born with spina bifida, a rate of frequency that should have commanded a lot of attention in the research community. It has not - until now. In March, Dr. Dennis and colleagues from Sick Kids, together with Jack Fletcher and his colleagues from the University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, embarked on a five-year, multi-million-dollar study to uncover the secrets of spina bifida. The two institutions will evaluate 583 children with spina bifida and 159 normally developing children in five concurrent projects.

65. TheFetus.net - Spina Bifida -Luís F. Gonçalves, MD - Maria Verônica Muñoz Ro Likewise, spina bifida is more frequent in Caucasians when compared to The presence of severe hydrocephalus is considered a poor prognostic sign4. http://www.thefetus.net/page.php?id=135

66. Spina Bifida Why Does It Happen Scotland s voice for spina bifida, hydrocephalus and related conditions, * spina bifida is only partially hereditary. However once there has been an http://www.ssba.org.uk/default.asp?page=66

67. FAQ Research is also ongoing into possible genetic and environmental causes. There are several causes of hydrocephalus. spina bifida is one where the http://www.ssba.org.uk/default.asp?page=59

68. Gillette Childrens Specialty Healthcare What Causes spina bifida and Other Neural Tube Defects? with myelomeningocele develop hydrocephalus, an abnormal buildup of spinal fluid in the brain. http://www.gillettechildrens.org/default.cfm/PID=1.3.14.4

Contact Us Site Map Assistive Technology Brachial Plexus ... Neurosurgery Spina Bifida and Other Neural Tube Defects Neural tube defects develop during the first month of pregnancy, usually before a woman knows she is pregnant. The conditions, which include spina bifida (myelomeningocele), involve the spinal cord (myelo) and its coverings (meninges). What Causes Spina Bifida and Other Neural Tube Defects? Can Spina Bifida Be Prevented? What Are the Indications of Spina Bifida? How Does Spina Bifida Occulta Differ? ... Related Sites What Causes Spina Bifida and Other Neural Tube Defects? Spina bifida occurs in one of every 1,000 births, making it one of today's most common birth defects. Although its causes are unknown, the condition appears to involve genetic and environmental factors. Excessive use of vitamin A and insulin during pregnancy seems to increase the risk, as does the use of valproic acid, an anticonvulsant that treats seizures. Can Spina Bifida Be Prevented? One major study showed that women who took folic acid supplements before and during pregnancy reduced the frequency of neural tube defects by 71 percent. Because the neural tube often develops before a woman knows she is pregnant, women who are trying to conceive should discuss the benefits of folic acid and other vitamins with their physicians. Similarly, women who take insulin, valproic acid or vitamin A supplements should discuss these medications with their physicians before becoming pregnant. Because women who've given birth to a child with spina bifida have a significantly higher chance (one in 20) of having another child with neural tube defects, genetic counseling may be appropriate.

69. Genetic Questions Genetic tests are already used and they will certainly increase over the next stated a) that people with spina bifida and hydrocephalus can live a full http://www.qlmed.org/scopi2/eg4.html

Virtual Round Table New frontiers in medicine Genetics Question Genetic tests are already used and they will certainly increase over the next few years. The prediction of a future and/or possible illness raises new problems: the correct perception of risk, the so-called therapeutic gap (a euphemism for the absence of therapy), the emotional involvement of the family, the relationship between the benefit to be gained and the economic/social costs, and so on. Could you indicate three fundamental points that, in your opinion, should direct health service policies on the use of these tests? 3) Does the increased genetification of medicine may move medicine into a untenable situation? Often genes are blamed and genetic technology are hailed as a solution where genetic cures may not be applicable and genes are not the culprit but behaviour habits environmental exposers... References: Brown, A., 1998, Amnesty's latest fear: how our genes may determine our fate in The Independent, Feb. 18th., p.19). Stein, E., 1998a "Choosing the sexual orientation of Children in Bioethics, Vol12, No1, pp. 16

70. Spina Bifida Prevention Using genetic information to help improve the quality of life before a child is Over 80 percent of newborns with spina bifida also have hydrocephalus http://www.uhl.uiowa.edu/newsroom/hotline/2001/2001_10/prevention.html

Testing and Services News Room Contact Us About UHL ... Site Map Search Quick Links Well Water Today's Air Quality Disease / Infection / Illness Info Environmental Info Kits / Quotes / Forms Results Interpretation Laboratory Certification Terrorism and Emergency Response CLIA Corner Health Careers Awareness Week Radon and UHL Radiochemistry: What Do You Know About Them? Spina Bifida Prevention ... October Spina Bifida Prevention Volume 39, No. 10, pp. 1-2 by Michelle Sexton, BS, MT(ASCP) Health Laboratory Scientist October is National Spina Bifida Prevention Month. It is recommended that all women who can become pregnant take a multivitamin that contains a minimum of 400 micrograms of folic acid every day and maintain a healthy diet. This is the only sure way a woman can get all the folic acid and other vitamins she needs to carry a healthy baby to term. At this time, the best method available for preventing spina bifida is management of the expectant mother's diet. The B vitamin folic acid is the key to preventing neural tube defects (NTDs). Since NTDs originate in the first month of pregnancy, it is important for a woman to have a significant amount of folic acid in her system before conception. Folic acid is recommended for all women of childbearing age because 50 percent of pregnancies in this country are unplanned. A healthy pregnancy helps to ensure a healthy baby.

71. EUROPEAN FUNDING FOR SPINA BIFIDA STUDY Professor Burn is a leading UK authority on the subject of spina bifida and and to increase support for people with spina bifida and/or hydrocephalus. http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/cgi/news/release?id=49856

72. Neurological Disorders - Spina Bifida Neural tube defects, including spina bifida (open spine) and anencephaly (open skull), hydrocephalus (increased fluid and pressure in the head area; http://uuhsc.utah.edu/healthinfo/pediatric/neuro/spibif.htm

Spina Bifida What is spina bifida? Spina bifida, also called myelodysplasia, is a condition in which there is abnormal development of the back bones, spinal cord, surrounding nerves, and the fluid-filled sac that surrounds the spinal cord. This neurological condition can cause a portion of the spinal cord and the surrounding structures to develop outside, instead of inside, the body. The defect can occur anywhere along the spine. What are the types of spina bifida? The types of spina bifida include the following: spina bifida occulta - a mild form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord and the surrounding structures remain inside the baby, but the back bones in the lower back area fail to form normally. There may be a hairy patch, dimple, or birthmark over the area of the defect. Other times, there may be no abnormalities in the area. meningocele - a moderate form of spina bifida in which a fluid-filled sac is visible outside of the back area. The sac does not contain the spinal cord or nerves. myelomeningocele - a severe form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord and nerves develop outside of the body and are contained in a fluid-filled sac that is visible outside of the back area. These babies typically have weakness and loss of sensation below the defect. Problems with bowel and bladder function are also common. A majority of babies with myelomeningocele will also have hydrocephalus, a condition that causes the fluid inside of the head to build up, causing pressure inside of the head to increase and the skull bones to expand to a larger than normal size.

73. High-Risk Newborn - Spina Bifida With early repair, some of the complications of spina bifida may be avoided. hydrocephalus (increased fluid and pressure in the head area; http://uuhsc.utah.edu/healthinfo/pediatric/Hrnewborn/spinbif.htm

Spina Bifida What is spina bifida? Spina bifida, also called myelodysplasia, is a condition in which there is abnormal development of the back bones, spinal cord, surrounding nerves, and the fluid-filled sac that surrounds the spinal cord. This neurological condition can cause a portion of the spinal cord and the surrounding structures to develop outside, instead of inside, the body. The defect can occur anywhere along the spine. What are the types of spina bifida? The types of spina bifida include the following: spina bifida occulta - a mild form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord and the surrounding structures remain inside the baby, but the back bones in the lower back area fail to form normally. There may be a hairy patch, dimple, or birthmark over the area of the defect. Other times, there may be no abnormalities in the area. meningocele - a moderate form of spina bifida in which a fluid-filled sac is visible outside of the back area. The sac does not contain the spinal cord or nerves. myelomeningocele - a severe form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord and nerves develop outside of the body and are contained in a fluid-filled sac that is visible outside of the back area. These babies typically have weakness and loss of sensation below the defect. Problems with bowel and bladder function are also common. A majority of babies with myelomeningocele will also have hydrocephalus, a condition that causes the fluid inside of the head to build up, causing pressure inside of the head to increase and the skull bones to expand to a larger than normal size.

74. Texas Medical Center News The search to identify the genes associated with spina bifida is being how genetics and environmental factors work together in causing spina bifida. http://www.tmc.edu/tmcnews/06_01_99/page_04.html

Vol. 21, No. 10 June 1, 1999 Scientists Search For Spina Bifida Genes by RONDA WENDLER Shriners Hospital for Children The search to identify the genes associated with spina bifida is being fueled by a $288,000, three-year grant from Shriners Hospital's National Headquarters in Tampa, Fla. Dr. Hope Northrup, who holds a research appointment at Shriners Hospital for Children in Houston and also serves as an associate professor of pediatrics and medical genetics division director at The University of Texas-Houston Medical School, has received the grant to fund her project titled, "Neural Tube Defects: Epidemiologic and Genetics Factors." Dr. Hope Northrup (right) works with graduate student Kelly Volcik to identify genes that cause spina bifida. While researchers are uncertain why spina bifida occurs, current studies suggest that 60 percent of cases are genetic, while 40 percent are caused by environmental factors, Dr. Northrup says. The search for spina bifida-causing genes is complicated, she explains, because of the lack of clear-cut inheritance in spina bifida, the scarcity of multigenerational spina bifida families, and the uncertainty about how genetics and environmental factors work together in causing spina bifida. To overcome these obstacles, she and other researchers contributing to the project identified 500 families affected by spina bifida - a large study sample by typical research standards.

75. Spina Bifida - DrGreene.com spina bifida refers to the failure of the spinal bones to close properly in the area of the Most also need a shunt to prevent or treat hydrocephalus. http://www.drgreene.com/21_1191.html

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76. Spina Bifida (Neurosurgical Issues) Chiari malformations, hydrocephalus, and syringohydromyelia. What causes spina bifida? Causes of spina bifida include environmental and genetic factors. http://www.pedisurg.com/PtEduc/Spina_Bifida_(Neurosurgical_Issues).htm

TEXAS PEDIATRIC SURGICAL ASSOCIATES SPINA BIFIDA NEUROSURGICAL ISSUES What is spina bifida? What causes spina bifida? How is spina bifida diagnosed prenatally? Spina bifida may be diagnosed prenatally by high-resolution ultrasound or by testing the mother for high levels of alpha-fetoprotein. Prenatal diagnosis gives the parents a chance to plan for the medical or surgical treatment the baby may need after birth. Cesarean delivery may also help to reduce the severity of paralysis in these infants. How is spina bifida treated? The current standard of treatment is early closure of the open spine defect. This is primarily to prevent infection which can be life threatening. Hydrocephalus , which occurs in up to 90% of children with myelomeningoceles also needs to be treated and the timing of that treatment is decided by the neurosurgeon. Because spina bifida affects a number of organ systems multiple specialists are involved with the care of these patients including urologists , orthopedic surgeons, physical therapists, occupational therapists and orthotists. Genetic counseling for the parents is also in order. What is the long-term outlook for children with spina bifida?

77. Ryliespage spina bifida is the incomplete formation of the spine and spinal cord. AT BIRTH Rylie was born August 1, 1999 with spina bifida and hydrocephalus. http://www.geocities.com/tanlen2/ryliespage.html

R Y L I E S P A G E A B O U T SPINA BIFIDA WHAT IS SPINA BIFIDA? Spina Bifida is the incomplete formation of the spine and spinal cord. It occurs 28 days after conception, before most even know they are pregnant! WHAT CAUSES SPINA BIFIDA? * Genetics * The environment - mother's diet before and after conception * No one seems to really know for sure HOW COMMON IS SB? An average of 1 in 750 in Canada are born with Spina Bifida. An average of 1 in 1000 in USA are born with Spina Bifida. WHAT IS HYDROCEPHALUS? Hydrocephalus is an increased collection of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain due to blockage. The collection causes the ventricles in the brain to enlarge, which applies pressure to the brain tissue. If left untreated, the pressure on the brain tissue causes the skull to enlarge. HOW IS HYDROCEPHALUS TREATED? Hyrocephalus is usually corrected with a shunt to redirect the fluid. In Rylie's case the ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt drains the fluid to the abdomen where it is reabsorbed. The shunt will likely stay in place throughout life. If the shunt malfunctions, the shunt will be surgically revised or replaced. WHAT IS CHIARI II MALFORMATION?

78. Spina Bifida Association Of Greater St. Louis The International Federation for hydrocephalus and spina bifida (ifHSB) is the About spina bifida and hydrocephalus spina bifida Association of Nova http://www.geocities.com/sbagstl2000/

Spina Bifida Association of Greater St. Louis, Inc. 5609 Hampton Ave., St. Louis, MO 63109 Telephone (314) 353-7079 or 1-800-784-0983, FAX (314) 353-1446 http://www.geocities.com/SBAGSTL2000 Welcome to the Spina Bifida Association of Greater St. Louis (SBAGSL) website! Please take a moment to read the following information. The following information is provided solely for informational purposes. The information is not intended to be, nor is it, medical advice on the management or care of a person with spina bifida. Although every effort is made to assure that information is accurate and current, knowledge in the field of spina bifida is growing rapidly and all data is subject to change without notice. Neither SBAGSL nor any parties who supply information to this system make any warranty concerning the accuracy of any information found on or exchanged through this system. No endorsements of any products which appear on this web site are given or implied by SBAGSL. SBAGSL does not endorse any specific medical regime. You should not change your medical schedules or activities based on the information provided at this site. Always consult with a doctor/healthcare provider/medical professional before making any medical decisions. Please note: SBAGSL does not employ medical personnel in their office.

79. Spina Bifida The spina bifida Clinic at Le Bonheur in Tennessee treats spina bifida in children neural tube defects, spinal cord defects and childhood hydrocephalus. http://www.lebonheur.org/Spina_Bifida.618.0.html

About Le Bonheur Services Patient Care Help Our Children ... Spina Bifida Spina Bifida Spina Bifida Clinic Spina Bifida in Children and Infants Our Spina Bifida Clinic offers interdisciplinary, ongoing care for spina bifida in infants and children , spinal cord defects, childhood hydrocephalus and neural tube defects in children. What is Spina Bifida? The word spina bifida means split spine or it can refer to the vertebrae or bones of the spinal cord that do not close as they normally should. Children and infants born with spina bifida cystica may require pediatric neurosurgery, usually within the first 24 to 48 hours of life, to close the opening in their backs. Spina bifida affects approximately one out of every 1,000 children born in the country. It may cause varying degrees of paralysis, loss of sensation in the lower extremities, bowel and bladder incontinence and, in about 80 percent of patients it may cause childhood hydrocephalus, the accumulation of fluid in the brain. During the first month of pregnancy, the brain and the spinal cord of an embryo form. For reasons still not well understood, this development is interrupted in some babies resulting in spina bifida. While spina bifida is a severe neural tube defect, most children born with spina bifida live well into adulthood as a result of today's sophisticated medical techniques. Treatment for a variety of consequences of spina bifida are decided by a multidisciplinary team. Are There Different Diagnoses for Childhood Spina Bifida?

80. ASBAH Continues Long-term Spina Bifida Study The Association for spina bifida and hydrocephalus (ASBAH) is going to continue funding a longterm study that has looked at the health and survival of 117 http://www.amrc.org.uk/12091

Monthly Member Research Feature Muscular Dystrophy Campaign focus on funding for specialist muscle centre Action Medical Research Fellow links emergency caesarean to cramp Multiple Sclerosis Society funds Cambridge Centre for Myelin Repair ... Foundation for Liver Research invests in infrastructure ASBAH continues long-term spina bifida study Fellowships bring lost expertise back to the bench Scientists and people with asthma debate research arc evaluates research for patient benefit PSP Association announces joint studentship ... Links ASBAH continues long-term spina bifida study The Association for Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus (ASBAH) is going to continue funding a long-term study that has looked at the health and survival of 117 babies who were born with open spina bifida in the Cambridge area between 1963 and 1971. In open spina bifida, babies are born with part of their spinal cord exposed and unprotected by both skin and the backbone. In 1963 Dr Gillian Hunt and colleagues from Addenbrooke’s Hospital set up an independent review process to understand the implications of a then new treatment for babies with open spina bifida: insertion of a shunt to relieve the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid build up after the back closure operation. Cerebrospinal fluid bathes and protects the brain and spinal cord but an excess of fluid, a condition known as hydrocephalus, causes damage by creating pressure on these delicate tissues. As a result of shunt insertion, the research has shown that more babies survived than would have been expected without the treatment. Dr Hunt explains why: “It used to be that doctors would close a baby’s back. Then cerebrospinal fluid pressure would rise and the back would leak or the head would swell, so inserting a shunt to drain away excess fluid and relieve pressure allowed the back-closure operation to be a success.’’

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