101. South Africa : Country Studies - Federal Research Division, Library Of Congress A Country Study south africa. Library of Congress Call Number DT1719 .S67 1997 Provincial and Local government Drafting a Final Constitution http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/zatoc.html

The Library of Congress Especially for Researchers Research Centers Home ... Country Studies South Africa Find in Federal Research Division Pages Researchers Web Pages All Library of Congress Pages A Country Study: South Africa Library of Congress Call Number South Africa Foreword Acknowledgments Preface ... Search Database Choose a Country Study Afghanistan Albania Algeria Angola Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Belarus Belize Bhutan Bolivia Brazil Bulgaria Cambodia Chad Chile China Colombia Caribbean Islands Comoros Cyprus Czechoslovakia (Former) Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Estonia Ethiopia Finland Georgia Germany Germany (East) Ghana Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary India Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Ivory Coast (Cote d'Ivoire Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Latvia Laos Lebanon Libya Lithuania Macau Madagascar Maldives Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Moldova Mongolia Nepal Nicaragua Nigeria North Korea Oman Pakistan Panama Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Russia Saudi Arabia Seychelles Singapore Somalia South Africa South Korea Soviet Union (Former) Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Syria Tajikistan Thailand Turkmenistan Turkey Uganda United Arab Emirates Uruguay

102. South African Government Faces Credibility Crisis Over Arms Probe CNN http://cnn.com/2001/WORLD/africa/02/01/southafrica.arms.ap/index.html

103. CNN - South African Government Urges Nation To Fight AIDS Pandemic - October 9, CNN http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/africa/9810/09/safrica.aids/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD africa americas ... news quiz CNN WEB SITES: TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW MORE SERVICES: video on demand video archive audio on demand news email services ... pointcast DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback SITE GUIDES: help contents search FASTER ACCESS: europe japan WEB SERVICES: Keyword Title Author South African government urges nation to fight AIDS pandemic October 9, 1998 Web posted at: 3:22 p.m. EDT (1922 GMT) JOHANNESBURG, South Africa (CNN) In a country where the AIDS virus is spreading at an estimated rate of 1,500 new infections per day, the South African government on Friday made an urgent appeal for a nationwide effort to fight the killer disease. "For too long we have closed our eyes as a nation ... We face the danger that half of our youth will not reach adulthood ... Our dreams as a people will be shattered," said Deputy President Thabo Mbeki in an unusual live broadcast. Some 83 percent of the world's AIDS deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa. The region is home to two thirds of the world's entire HIV population nearly 21 million men, women and children. South Africa is one of the hardest-hit areas on the continent. The United Nations AIDS program (UNAIDS) estimates nearly 13 percent of the adult population is HIV- positive. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS.

104. CNN - Buthelezi Wants Inkatha Role In South African Government - July 18, 1998 CNN http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/africa/9807/18/safrica/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD africa americas ... news quiz CNN WEB SITES: TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW MORE SERVICES: video on demand video archive audio on demand news email services ... pointcast DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback SITE GUIDES: help contents search FASTER ACCESS: europe japan WEB SERVICES: Keyword Title Author Buthelezi wants Inkatha role in South African government In this story: IFP part of ANC-led government 5 killed after clash at vigil Political motives for murders? Related stories and sites Political turf war in Inkatha bastion triggers more deaths July 18, 1998 Web posted at: 4:04 p.m. EDT (2004 GMT) ULUNDI, South Africa (CNN) Warning that political divisions could result in a break-up of the country, Zulu leader Mangosuthu Buthelezi on Saturday appealed for a place in the country's government of national unity after next year's general elections, His appeal at the annual conference of the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) in Ulundi in the KwaZulu-Natal province came amid heightened tension in the region after five people were killed Friday in the latest attacks fueled by political disputes. "It is absurd to think that the party of the people of goodwill should be in opposition to the government of the country," Buthelezi told IFP delegates.

105. South African Government Ousts Head Of Arms Probe CNN http://cnn.com/2001/WORLD/africa/01/29/safrica.arms.reut/index.html

106. Travel Advice For South Africa - Australian Department Of Foreign Affairs And Tr If you are uncertain whether the south African government will treat you as asouth African national, you can contact the south African Department of Home http://www.smartraveller.gov.au/zw-cgi/view/Advice/South_Africa

smartraveller.gov.au - Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade It's a must see destination. Skip to content Site Navigation: Travel advisories Register with us Travel tips Travel publications ... Home Site tools Search Site Feedback Subscribe to receive updated e-mail versions of this Travel Advice Travel Advice South Africa This Advice is current for Monday, 26 September 2005. The Advice was issued on Wednesday, 22 June 2005, 13:21:26, AEST. This advice has been reviewed and reissued. The overall level of the advice has been raised. It contains new information on safety and security and entry and exit requirements. Australians in South Africa are advised to exercise caution. As you would in Australia, use common sense and be alert to suspicious activities. Be aware of concern about the security environment because of the risk of serious criminal activity. Safety and Security Terrorism Australian travellers should be aware of the threat of terrorism globally and should read this travel advice in conjunction with the General Advice to Australian Travellers Personal Security The risk of violent crime (including robbery and armed assault) is high throughout South Africa. Car-jackings, muggings, theft and pick-pocketing are common. Security risks increase after dark and during weekends in the major city areas and surrounding townships. Theft from hotel rooms is a problem.

107. BBC NEWS | Africa | Mbeki Sued Over Apartheid Era The south African government is being sued, along with major corporations, byalleged victims of the apartheid era. The suit, filed in New York, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3826729.stm

News Sport Weather World Service ... Newswatch LANGUAGES Somali French Arabic Swahili ... More Last Updated: Monday, 21 June, 2004, 15:18 GMT 16:18 UK E-mail this to a friend Printable version Mbeki sued over apartheid era President Mbeki will fight the lawsuit, says his spokesman The South African government is being sued, along with major corporations, by alleged victims of the apartheid era. The suit, filed in New York, seeks $10bn for "genocide, expropriation and other wrongful acts" by the firms under apartheid, said the US lawyer Ed Fagan. Controversially, it also demands another $10bn from the post-apartheid government for "continuing to allow companies to exploit victims". The government plans to defend itself, but would prefer it resolved in SA. The lawsuit targets mining firms Anglo-American and Goldfields; US computer giant IBM; UBS Bank of Switzerland and local petroleum company Sasol. "At the end of the day these companies were strategic partners of the (apartheid government)", Mr Fagan told a news conference. 'Winnable case' He said President Thabo Mbeki's government was also being targeted "because of its failure to fulfil its obligations and its conspiracy with specific companies to violate these people's rights".

108. South Africa: The ANC And The Atom Bomb | Thebulletin.org south africa The ANC and the atom bomb. The south african government wants tosell its weapongrade uranium before black majority rule begins. http://www.thebulletin.org/article.php?art_ofn=apr93albright

109. South Africa (09/05) The government of south africa demonstrated its commitment to open markets, south africa s government is committed to managing the country s rich and http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2898.htm

Bureau of Public Affairs Electronic Information and Publications Office Background Notes Bureau of African Affairs September 2005 Background Note: South Africa PROFILE OFFICIAL NAME: Republic of South Africa Geography Area: 1.2 million sq. km. (470,462 sq. mi.). Cities: Capitals Administrative, Pretoria; Legislative, Cape Town; Judicial, Bloemfontein. Other cities Johannesburg, Durban, Port Elizabeth. Terrain: Plateau, savanna, desert, mountains, coastal plains. Climate: moderate; similar to southern California. People Nationality: Noun and adjective South African(s). Annual growth rate (2004 World Bank Group): 0.8%. Population (2004, 46.6 million): Composition black 79%; white 9.6%; colored 8.9%; Asian (Indian) 2.5%. Official figures from 2000 South African Census at http://www.statssa.gov.za/ Languages: Afrikaans, English, isiNdebele, isiXhosa, isiZulu, Sepedi, Sesotho, Setswana, siSwati, Tshivenda, and Xitsonga (all official languages). Religions: Predominantly Christian; traditional African, Hindu, Muslim, Jewish. Education: Years compulsory 7-15 years of age for all children. The South African Schools Act, Act 84 of 1996, passed by Parliament in 1996, aims to achieve greater educational opportunities for black children, mandating a single syllabus and more equitable funding for schools.

110. South Africa No decision has been made to relocate the seat of government. south africa,on the continent s southern tip, is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107983.html

in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Daily Almanac for Sep 25, 2005 Skip Navigation Home Almanacs ... Word of the Day Editor's Favorites Hispanic Heritage Month Hurricane Katrina Daylight Saving Time Ramadan ... Texas Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map College Center Scholarship Search College Resources Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips World Countries South Africa Infoplease Atlas: South Africa Republic of South Africa President: Thabo Mbeki (1999) Area: 471,008 sq mi (1,219,912 sq km) Population (2005 est.): Administrative capital (2003 est.): Pretoria, 1,541,300 (metro. area), 1,249,700 (city proper); Legislative capital and largest city: Cape Town, 3,140,600 (metro. area), 2,733,000 (city proper); Judicial capital: Bloemfontein, 378,000. No decision has been made to relocate the seat of government. South Africa is demarcated into nine provinces, consisting of the Gauteng, Northern Province, Mpumalanga, North West, KwaZulu/Natal, Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Northern Cape, and Free State. Each province has its own capital Other large cities: Durban/Pinetown, 2,396,100; Johannesburg, 1,675,200; East Rand, 1,378,792 (part of Johannesburg metro. area, 2000 est.)

111. AEGiS: South Africa Websites. US government Agencies. CDC south africa Fact Sheet An onlineresource brought to you by the south african government. http://www.aegis.com/countries/safrica.html

Local time in Pretoria: Facts and Figures Official Name Republic of South Africa. Capital City Pretoria; Note - Cape Town is the legislative center and Bloemfontein the judicial center. Languages 11 official languages, including Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Pedi, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu. Official Currency Rand (ZAR). Ethnic Groups Black 75.2%, white 13.6%, Colored 8.6%, Indian 2.6%. Religions Christian 68% (includes most whites and Coloreds, about 60% of blacks and about 40% of Indians), Muslim 2%, Hindu 1.5% (60% of Indians), indigenous beliefs and animist 28.5%. Population 43,647,658. Note: South Africa took a census October 1996 that showed a population of 40,583,611 (after an official adjustment for a 6.8% underenumeration based on a postenumeration survey); estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.). Land Area 1,221,040 sq km (471,443 sq miles).

112. Economist.com | Country Briefings: South Africa south africa Websites A directory of south africa s government websites government online south african Reserve Bank (central bank) http://www.economist.com/countries/SouthAfrica/

Sunday September 25th 2005 denotes premium content Log in Free registration Help ... Past issues Books, diaries and more Management Reading Business Education Executive Dialogue Economist.com The Economist ... Staff Books Rather perky Sep 24th 2005 From The Economist print edition Growth is fast but jobs are still being created too slowly ... more City guide Johannesburg EIU Store South Africa Backgrounders South Africa Websites A directory of South Africa's government websites Government on-line South African Reserve Bank (central bank) Constitutional Court of South Africa ... World Oil Officials Gather in South Africa (VOA) Sep 26th 2005 02:27 GMT McConnell snubbed over Cape Town trip (PA News via The Scotsman Online) Sep 26th 2005 02:14 GMT [BRIEFLY]S. African business chamber opens (Korea Herald) Sep 26th 2005 01:53 GMT 8(A)s still a hit with ANCs, tribally owned companies (Washington Technology) Sep 26th 2005 01:36 GMT more... Provided by Moreover Technologies Offshoring in South Africa Can South Africa ride the outsourcing and offshoring wave? Aug 25th 2005 Africa's new patterns of migration How can Africa move from brain drain to brain gain?

113. The Green Party Of South Africa THE START OF A BRAND NEW FORM OF government. south africaN CONSTITUTION also of The Green Party of south africa – also known as The government by the http://www.greenparty.org.za/

THE GREEN PARTY OF SOUTH AFRICA Also known as The Government by the People Green Party www.greenpartyofsouthafrica.co.za P.O. Box 114 Noordhoek Cape Town 7985 tel +27 21 789 1391 fax +27 21 789 1143 Contact: Judy Sole THE GREEN PARTY OF SOUTH AFRICA Ultimately Eliminate corruption and Ensure that decisions currently made by government are made by a wiser, wider group by replacing representative government by a system of public participation in decision-making on an ongoing basis. The first truly democratic governmental system in the world: Meanwhile A Green Voice in Government would enforce laws and put government spending into 1. Stopping the practices that are destroying the ecosystems that give us life 3. Ensuring that food is safe to eat, water safe to drink, air safe to breathe. 4. STOPPING DEATHS FROM AIDS AND CANCER by introducing organic food countrywide containing the trace elements and minerals necessary for our immune systems to function, and free of the toxins which destroy our immune systems. 5. Restoring damaged soils, aquifers, seas, ozone layer

114. South Africa: Mengistu - The Opportunity For Justice Must Not Be Lost - Amnesty The south African government must not let slip the opportunity to see justicedone, the In a letter sent to the south African government last Friday, http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGAFR530121999?open&of=ENG-ZAF

115. Wired News: U.S. To South Africa: Just Say No Officials were upset when the south African government in 1997 passed a law thatwould permit it parallel imports of AIDS drugs or the ability to http://www.wired.com/news/politics/0,1283,35874,00.html

Welcome to Wired News. Skip directly to: Search Box Section Navigation Content Search: Wired News Wired Magazine HotBot (the Web) U.S. to South Africa: Just Say No Page 1 of 2 next by Lakshmi Chaudhry Also by this reporter 03:00 AM Apr. 25, 2000 PT The Clinton administration has been the pharmaceutical industry's favorite attack dog when it comes to protecting patent rights. For the past three years, the White House has been pressuring the South African government to drop its plans to seek cheaper alternatives to AIDS medications. See also A South African AIDS Catch-22 Check yourself into Med-Tech Today's Top 5 Stories Can Bloggers Strike It Rich? Swelling Demand for Sex Ed Online Post All the News That's Healthy Sniffing Out Hidden Explosives ... Wired News RSS Feeds Breaking News Rita's toll, damage less than feared Israel mounts new strikes, Hamas ends attacks Israel mounts new strike, Hamas ends attacks Oil down a $1 as Rita spares Houston ... More Breaking News Special Partner Promotion Find local technology jobs Officials were upset when the South African government in 1997 passed a law that would permit it parallel imports of AIDS drugs or the ability to compulsorily license AIDS medications, such as AZT, which studies have shown can reduce the rate of transmission between pregnant women and their babies. Parallel importing would let South Africa import patented drugs into the country from nations other than the U.S. at cheaper prices, since multinationals often charge different prices for the same drug.

116. TCS: Tech Central Station - A Deadly Cocktail In South Africa The south African government, far from providing balance and reason, seems to becreating confusion and adding to stigma. The acrimonious relationship http://www.techcentralstation.com/011005D.html

HOME Richard Tren Director, Africa Fighting Malaria Email Author Biographical related articles TCS Exclusive: 'No Black and White Answers'? "This Should Have Been Anthropology 101": Quiet Breakthroughs in Africa's War on AIDS Bill Clinton Gets a Taste of His Own Medicine ... Sex Workers of the World Unite! articles by author The Dubious Debut of Africa's Parliament The NAM You Should Worry About USAID's Troubling Malaria Efforts This Should Have Activists Seeing Red - Or Not ... Away From the "New Conservatism" Font Size: A Deadly Cocktail in South Africa By Richard Tren Published E-Mail Bookmark Print Save TCS On Thursday Nelson Mandela's eldest son, Makgatho died tragically from an AIDS related disease. Mandela has been widely hailed for being open about the cause of his son's death. In a country where the stigma of AIDS forces people to lie every day about the disease, Mandela's move was indeed brave and is another example of his extraordinary moral courage and leadership. Right now, South Africa is in desperate need of more leadership of this nature. The same week that Makgatho Mandela died, controversy rages about the safety of the AIDS drug Nevirapine. The South African government, far from providing balance and reason, seems to be creating confusion and adding to stigma. The acrimonious relationship between the South African government, NGOs and the drug developers does untold harm to the effort to roll out essential treatment. All of this confirms the opinion that we have held for many years; that the simple message that drug patents block access to treatment is wrong.

117. South Africa south africa marked ten years of democratic rule in 2004. government review ofprogress and challenges of the past decade identified one of the challenges http://www.unaids.org/en/geographical area/by country/south africa.asp

118. The History Of Apartheid In South Africa south africa (see map) is a country blessed with an abundance of natural The Department of Home Affairs (a government bureau) was responsible for the http://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~cale/cs201/apartheid.hist.html

The History of Apartheid in South Africa South Africa (see map ) is a country blessed with an abundance of natural resources including fertile farmlands and unique mineral resources. South African mines are world leaders in the production of diamonds and gold as well as strategic metals such as platinum. The climate is mild, reportedly resembling the San Francisco bay area weather more than anywhere in the world. South Africa was colonized by the English and Dutch in the seventeenth century. English domination of the Dutch descendents (known as Boers or Afrikaners) resulted in the Dutch establishing the new colonies of Orange Free State and Transvaal. The discovery of diamonds in these lands around 1900 resulted in an English invasion which sparked the Boer War. Following independence from England, an uneasy power-sharing between the two groups held sway until the 1940's, when the Afrikaner National Party was able to gain a strong majority. Strategists in the National Party invented apartheid as a means to cement their control over the economic and social system. Initially, aim of the apartheid was to maintain white domination while extending racial separation. Starting in the 60's, a plan of ``Grand Apartheid'' was executed, emphasizing territorial separation and police repression. In 1951, the Bantu Authorities Act established a basis for ethnic government in African reserves, known as ``homelands.'' These homelands were independent states to which each African was assigned by the government according to the record of origin (which was frequently inaccurate). All political rights, including voting, held by an African were restricted to the designated homeland. The idea was that they would be citizens of the homeland, losing their citizenship in South Africa and any right of involvement with the South African Parliament which held complete hegemony over the homelands. From 1976 to 1981, four of these homelands were created, denationalizing nine million South Africans. The homeland administrations refused the nominal independence, maintaining pressure for political rights within the country as a whole. Nevertheless, Africans living in the homelands needed passports to enter South Africa: aliens in their own country.

119. South Africa: The Making Of U.S. Policy, 1962-1989 to pressure the south African government to change its domestic policies, and the south African government apparently agreed, Although the Vorster http://nsarchive.chadwyck.com/saintro.htm

Return to collections homepage. South Africa: The Making of U.S. Policy, 1962-1989 Acknowledgments Essay Introduction The Scope and Sources of the Document Set The South African document collection provides a contemporary record of changing U.S. responses to historical events in South Africa from 1962 to 1989. Coveted for its resources, supported as an ally, empowered by its nuclear capability and hated for its policy of apartheid, South Africa remains a country of extremes. Reactive in nature, U.S. policies toward South Africa reflect a desire to reconcile conflicting interests in South Africa and the region. The collection provides primary source documents dealing with most aspects of U.S. policy toward South Africa from 1962 to 1989. The document collection highlights the fact that U.S. policy toward South Africa has sailed an improvised, often erratic course between U.S. economic, scientific and strategic interests and South Africa's repressive racial policies, with occassional concessions to black African leaders as the pressure mounted, while avoiding an irreparable break with the white regime. Most frequently, U.S. policies toward South Africa have been reactive, not proactive. Following the Sharpeville Massacre of March 21, 1960, the United States asserted, for the first time to the U.N. General Assembly, its "abhorrence" of South Africa's apartheid policies. Soon thereafter, President Kennedy instructed U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Adlai Stevenson to vote in favor of an arms embargo against Pretoria. The United States subsequently authorized the sale of helicopters, air-to-air missiles, torpedoes, sidewinder missile and other military equipment to South Africa, however, justifying the sales as necessary for the "maintenance of peace and international security and the common defense effort in the interest of the world community."

120. MSF-USA: 2001 Activity Report - South Africa: Big Pharma Backs Down In 1997, the south African government had passed the Medicines and RelatedSubstances Control Amendment Act, a law making medicines more affordable by http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/publications/ar/i2001/bigpharma.cfm

Home Site Map Contact Us Donate Online email newsletter About Us Field News Volunteer Donate ... Employment International Activity Report 2001 South Africa: Big Pharma Backs Down On April 19, 2001, people took to the streets and uncorked champagne in South Africa , in celebration of a victory that very emphatically, and very publicly, put patients before profits. Thirty-nine pharmaceutical companies had taken the South African government to court disputing a law intended to protect public health. Their action prompted public outrage worldwide. Support for the South African government poured in... In 1997, the South African government had passed the "Medicines and Related Substances Control Amendment Act," a law making medicines more affordable by allowing parallel imports (buying the cheapest available patented drug), enforcing generic substitution, and implementing price controls. Objecting to many of the provisions included in the Act, 39 pharmaceutical companies filed suit to block the legislation. They claimed that the law was unconstitutional and that it violated South Africa's commitments under the World Trade Organization's TRIPS Agreement. This claim was met with a public outcry at the pharmaceutical industry's desire to put profits before poor people's lives.

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