81. Human Organization: Sustainability And Pastoral Livelihoods: Lessons From East A This paper compares two pastoralist populationsEast African Maasai and such as removing indigenous peoples from endangered habitats through the http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3800/is_200307/ai_n9257750

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles Human Organization Summer 2003 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Featured Titles for ASA News ASEE Prism Academe African American Review ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Sustainability and pastoral livelihoods: Lessons from East African Maasai and Mongolia Human Organization Summer 2003 by Fratkin, Elliot Mearns, Robin Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. "Sustainable development" currently has a firm grip on the lexicon of development agencies from the World Bank to small nongovernmental organizations, but it offers little practical guidance for tackling diverse problems in specific places. The concept is of particular importance to pastoral populations throughout the world-those people dependent on livestock raising in arid or semiarid lands whose survival depends on their ability physically and politically to maintain access to their pastures. This paper compares two pastoralist populations-East African Maasai and pastoralists of Mongolia-to discuss recent changes in the pastoral way of life and to describe what sustainability has meant in the past and what sustainability needs to mean in the future for pastoralist populations.

82. Peacebuilding - Approved Projects (2001-02) africa Americas - Asia - Central and Eastern Europe - Multilateral Chart Geographic and Thematic Guatemala, Reconciliation Of indigenous People http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/cida_ind.nsf/0/fc31c6310230cb6e85256c68005b7651?OpenD

83. WorldViews: Belief Systems In Africa Recognized books on the history and development of indigenous African A South African Journey (Worsnip 1996); The Rainbow People of God The Making of a http://worldviews.igc.org/awpguide/relig.html

AFRICA: Africa World Press Guide compiled and edited by WorldViews BELIEF SYSTEMS Indigenous, Islamic, Christian R eligion, author Tshishiku Tshibangu has observed, "impregnates the entire texture of individual and commercial life in Africa." In his chapter on "Religion and Social Evolution" in Africa Since 1935 (Mazrui 1993), volume 8 of UNESCO's General History of Africa series, Tshibangu writes: "The African is profoundly, incurably a believer, a religious person. To him, religion is not just a set of beliefs but a way of life, the basis of culture, identity and moral values. Religion is an essential part of the tradition that helps to promote both social stability and creative innovation." Tshibangu's article (chapter 17) identifies and describes the three major strands of religious beliefs in Africa: indigenous (traditional) relig ions, Christianity, and Islam. An earlier introductory survey, Religions in Africa (Stewart et al. 1984), follows the same three-part focusone that we have adopted for this chapter. The twenty essays in Religion in Africa: Experience and Expression (Blakely et al. 1994) provide a scholarlyyet accessibleoverview of the varieties of religious experiences and expressions that are rooted in the African continent. The book i s the fruit of a conference entitled "Religion in Africa: The Variety of Religious Experience in Sub-Saharan Africa" held at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, 22-25 October 1986. Scholars from four continents who study religious expression througho ut all the major regions of Africa and in the African Diaspora in the Americas gave presentations on an array of topics from multi-disciplinary academic perspectives.

84. Foundation For Endangered Languages. Home Thus Somalia has two endangered languages according to one map and none according Responsibility,a nd Authority of indigenous peoples to Speak and Make http://www.ogmios.org/1110.htm

Foundation for Endangered Languages Home Manifesto Membership details Proceedings ... Bibliography 10. Publications of Interest Wurm, S.A. (ed.) 1996. Atlas of the world’s languages in danger of disappearing. Canberra/Paris: Pacific Linguistics/UNESCO. A Partial Review by Roger Blench The notion that we need an atlas of the world’s endangered languages is an attractive one; all too frequently we read about some threatened speech-form and have only the vaguest notion of where it is spoken. As Stephen Wurm has been responsible for two major Language Atlases, of the Pacific and of China, I had high expectations of this volume. But unfortunately, for a variety of reasons, it is of limited use. This review will concentrate on Africa, since that is the region with which I am most familiar. The African continent probably is home to some 2000 languages, one-third of the world total, and comparable only to Oceania in terms of diversity. Africa is the continent where the least work on the description of all but major languages has been carried out, and to say (p. 21) ‘A large amount of work on endangered African languages has been carried out by linguists from outside Africa and also by linguists from institutions in African countries.’ is simply false. Compared with Oceania, the amount of work is vanishingly low and the rate of work produced is slowing down. Most endangered African languages are represented in the literature by little more than short wordlists. For crucial languages spoken by small foraging groups, such as Hadza, Dahalo, Ongota, Laal and the Khoisan languages little more than sketches are available. As my reports from Nigeria should show, much of the published information is anyway wrong.

85. United Nations Daily Highlights, 02-05-24 SECURITY COUNCIL DISCUSSES SOMALIA, KOSOVO AND DRCONGO indigenous peoples, he noted, make up an estimated one out of every 20 persons. http://www.hri.org/cgi-bin/brief?/news/world/undh/2002/02-05-24.undh.html

86. SOMALI BANTU - Their History And Culture Other southeast African tribes represented among the Bantu refugees include the The Bantu people are ethnically and culturally distinct from the somali http://www.culturalorientation.net/bantu/sbpeop.html

culturalorientation.net -home SOMALI BANTU CULTURE PROFILE CHAPTER C ONTENTS P REFACE ... ORDER A PRINT COPY SCROLL TO: Place in Society Social Structures People Many Bantu refugees can trace their origins back to ancestors in southeast African tribes who were enslaved in the 18 th century by agents of the Sultanate of Zanzibar. These ancestral tribes include, among others, the Makua and Yao of southern Tanzania and northern Mozambique; the Ngindo of southern Tanzania; the Nyasa of southern Tanzania, northern Mozambique, and northern Malawi; and the Zaramo and Zigua of northeast Tanzania. Other southeast African tribes represented among the Bantu refugees include the Digo, Makale, Manyawa, Nyamwezi, and Nyika. The Bantu slated for resettlement, especially those who fled the once forested Juba River valley, are politely referred to as Wagosha ("people of the forest") or Jareer (term used to describe Africans with hard or kinky hair). Derogatory terms to describe the Somali Bantu include

87. Oxfam Australia :: Oxfam News the Bela Bela Prevention Group in South africa, which runs a variety of care and prevention programs for people living with and affected by HIV/AIDS. http://www.oxfam.org.au/oxfamnews/

Programs Donate Now Events Media About Us Campaigns Get Active Resources Shop Search Your location :: home oxfam news magazine Email to a friend Print Friendly Oxfam News September June February December ... February Oxfam News Each quarter, we produce Oxfam News, a 24-page magazine with news on our long-term development programs, advocacy campaigns and emergency responses. Oxfam News also provides news and views about international social justice issues and poverty. Please email the editor if you require an issue published prior to 2002. September 2005 In this issue we focus on the raising HIV/AIDS epidemic in Papua New Guinea and new ways of spreading HIV/AIDS awareness among young people. We also highlight world poverty and look at what we can do as a country to eradicate poverty. There is also a follow up article on the tsunami. html version pdf version (3.68 MB) June 2005 This issue looks at the ways in which Oxfam’s mid-year appeal is ‘making poverty history’ in Mozambique and Laos. Also: ‘Six months on from the Tsunami’, a retrospective analysis of how Oxfam’s response has helped to rebuild shattered lives. We also detail how Oxfam is working to protect the livelihoods of fishers in Laos and Cambodia, while on the home front, healing the trauma of family violence in Aboriginal communities. html version pdf version (4.00 MB)

88. Horn Of Africa Review July 20 - August 30 1996 The twoday committee meeting also discussed the issue of African reform programmes, SOMALIA. At least nine people were killed and another 12 wounded in http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/eue_web/hoa0896.htm

UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME Emergencies Unit for Ethiopia HORN OF AFRICA The Monthly Review This update covers the period 20 July - 30 August 1996 The following is the fourth in a series of updates prepared by the UNDP Emergencies Unit for Ethiopia (UNDP/EUE) on the general situation in the countries of the Horn of Africa. Updates cover events in Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Somalia and Uganda. Information in this update has been obtained from UN, NGOs and media reports; reference is made to the sources as appropriate. No claims are made by the EUE as to the accuracy of these reports. IGAD The Rwandan government has asked to join the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development - IGAD (currently comprised of Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Uganda and Somalia) and the East African Co-operation (comprised of Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania) in an effort to boost the country's economic recovery. The request was announced by the Rwandan President, Pasteur Bizimungu, at the end of a four day visit to Kampala in early August. (IRIN, Nairobi, 12-18 August) **** It is now anticpated that consultations will take place in Addis Ababa from 9 September to review and refine the project profiles previously presented to the donor community by IGAD. Participants will include members of the IGAD Secretariat, experts from IGAD member states and international partners. **** A tentative date has also been set for the official launching of the revitalised IGAD, now expected to take place 25-26 November 1996 in Djibouti. (United Nations, Addis Ababa, August) ****

89. "War On Terrorism" - Empire? - Global Policy Forum CounterTerrorism in Somalia Losing Hearts and Minds? (July 11, 2005) War on Terror Has indigenous People in Its Sights (June 6, 2005) http://www.globalpolicy.org/empire/terrorwar/analysis/

about GPF What's New Newsletter Sitemap ... *Opinion Forum "War on Terrorism" Articles Back to Empire? "War on Terrorism" Legal Documents General Analysis ... Latin America Legal Documents USA Patriot Act 2001 The US Congress adopted the USA Patriot Act in October 2001 to provide "appropriate tools required to intercept and obstruct terrorism." Critics of the Act argue that it seriously threatens civil liberties and freedoms in the US. European Arrest Warrant (EAW) The EU has substituted current extradition law within the EU member states with the EAW to facilitate the arrest of terrorists and other criminals. However, the extensive application of the EAW to a very wide area of crimes raises fears that the law will threaten civil liberties. Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 In the aftermath of September 11, UK Prime Minister Tony Blair declared he would stand "shoulder to shoulder" with US President George W. Bush in the "war against terrorism." The UK parliament passed the "Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001" (ATCSA) to increase authorities' powers to protect UK citizens from terrorist attacks. Yet, like the US Patriot Act, ATCSA poses serious threats to civil liberty rights. US Code on Terrorism While the US government has declared its intention to defeat terrorism, it is essential to understand how it defines terrorism and what kind of penalties is sought under the US Code. Under

90. Africa Development - Africa Economy Established in 2000 to aid young people in africa, as well as african By Jeremy Weinstein (uses case studies from Uganda, Eritrea, and Somalia) http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/devel.html

Countries Topics Search the Africa Pages Suggest a Site ... Topics: Development See also: South Africa Economy 50 Years Is Enough: U.S. Network for Global Economic Justice Information on debt relief for Africa . The organization is a "coalition of 205 grassroots, faith-based, policy, women's, social- and economic-justice, youth, solidarity, labor, and development organizations dedicated to the profound tranformation of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Based in Washington, D.C. http://www.50years.org/index.htm Africa Action - U.S / Africa: Trade Wars, Part 1 and Part 2 June 29, 2003 report regarding U.S. subsidies to American farmers and their effects on African farmers, statement by the Mali President, African trade ministers' statement re industrial tariffs , the WTO , etc. [KF] http://www.africaaction.org/docs03/tr0306a.htm Africa Business Information Services "...information and analysis on business and economics in Africa." ABIS "aims to help companies and individuals come to a better understanding of African economies and make decisions about them." Includes articles on political development, the section Nigeria Business Information , a special report on Nigeria's leading banks by reporters from the Vanguard newspaper (Nigeria), "The Way Forward for Africa" by A. Bolaji Akinyemi, etc. Based in the U.K.

91. Kenya On The Internet Site has information on the history, people, language, geography, Has full text reports on the Horn of africa, Kenya, Somalia, Somaliland, Sudan, http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/kenya.html

Countries Topics Search the Africa Pages Suggest a Site ... Countries: Kenya See also: Kenya News Acton Publishers Kenya publisher of academic and specialized titles, such as African Christianity . Founded by Prof. J.N.K. Mugambi. Based in Nairobi, Kenya. [KF] http://www.acton.co.ke/ Africa Online News, business, sports, travel section with directories of Kenyan embassies worldwide and embassies in Kenya, Business Section Women's Page Kid's page . An internet service provider for Kenya, founded by Kenyans, now owned by African Lakes Corp., a British company. http://www.AfricaOnline.com African Centre for Technology Studies (Nairobi, Kenya) "An Institute for Policy Research & Training For Sustainable Development in Africa." "...an international non-governmental policy training and research institute...." The Centre is particularly concerned with environmental issues . Has full text papers in Adobe PDF, the full text of " Governing the Environment ," (in Adobe PDF), "

92. AllAfrica.com Botswana allAfrica African news and information for a global audience. Special Rapporteur on the Rights of indigenous People visiting the country for a briefing http://allafrica.com/botswana/

93. IK Monitor 5(2) Article Chewing khat together from indigenous practice to international issue People use khat to help them to perform daily activities involving hard physical http://www.nuffic.nl/ciran/ikdm/5-2/articles/beekhuis.htm

Chewing khat together: from indigenous practice to international issue Angelique Beekhuis In view of the increasing use of khat worldwide, and the negative international attention caused by official uncertainty concerning this once indigenous practice, the present article surveys the various uses of khat, and advocates not only further research but also a positive approach to khat use as a social event. Botanical specifications The shrub khat (Catha edulis Forsk.) has a slender trunk with smooth, thin bark. The lancet-shaped leaves are between 0.5 and 10cm long and 0.5 to 5cm wide. Young leaves are a reddish green, later turning to yellow-green. In areas with frost, the shrub grows no higher than 1.5 meters, but in places with more rainfall, like the highlands of Ethiopia and areas near the equator, khat trees can reach 20 metres. Khat is known by a variety of names, many of them phonetic transcriptions of the most commonly used Arabic khat: catha, kat, qat, ciat, tsjat and ch'at. The term mira or miraa is also common, particularly in areas of Kenya (UN 1956:7; Kennedy 1987:176-177). Khat is native to the eastern and southern regions of Africa, but it is grown extensively as a cash crop in Ethiopia, Yemen and the northern provinces of Kenya. It is also socially and economically important in the neighbouring areas of Somalia and Djibouti.

94. IK Monitor 4(1) McCall Within farming systems, ITK embraces people s knowledge of tools and techniques McCall, MK (1995) indigenous technical knowledge in farming systems of http://www.nuffic.nl/ciran/ikdm/4-1/articles/mccall.html

ITK in East African farming systems Michael K. McCall The potentials of indigenous technical knowledge (ITK), both for expanding scientific technical knowledge and for empowering its owners, are overwhelming. There is compelling evidence of the extent and rationality of ITK in East Africa. This article presents a broad overview of past and present research in the field of ITK within East African farming systems. It also indicates possible topics for further research. Indigenous technical knowledge Within farming systems, ITK embraces people's knowledge of tools and techniques for the assessment, acquisition, transformation, and utilization of resources which are specific to a particular location. ITK can encompass: Vernacular: technical knowledge held by all or most individuals in a specific locality, e.g., knowledge of crop rotation, or pest and weed control; Specialized: the technical knowledge of certain skilled 'resource persons', e.g., medicine, charcoal-making, blacksmithery and varietal testing; Controlled: knowledge held by dominant groups in society, such as the specialized knowledge referred to above, or skills in animal breeding, hunting or water divining;

95. BACK TO THE FUTURE - Update Multinational companies are waging a war to control Somalia’s lucrative banana The denial of recognition and rights to the indigenous people of Ainu http://www.newint.org/issue269/update.htm

Update ENVIRONMENT Frontal assault Threat to the forest in Honduras Tim Hamilton /Tear Fund Bananas World Press Review vol 42 no 5 Palatial parks World Press Review vol 42 no 5 Shortlist Saferworld , London, Tel: (171) 580 8886 Dished World Press Review vol 42 no 5 Premium Women in Britain routinely pay 50 per cent more than men for private health insurance, despite the fact that women take better care of their health and make fewer claims. Everywoman no 114 SARA LEIGH LEWIS / PANOS Fake NI 256 David Ransom HUMAN RIGHTS Catch and kill Bleak outlook in Kashmir PIERRE ZAKREWSKI In the next bed Saleema, aged nine, and Shaheena, aged five, had both received 40-per-cent burns after the Army set their house ablaze to intimidate their family into giving the names of suspected militants. Both have little chance of survival. There are some 85 million Muslims in India. Any spread of Muslim separatism from Kashmir to the rest of the country is a daunting prospect for the Indian Government. The official view from New Delhi is that UN resolutions on the right to self determin-ation for the people of Jammu and Kashmir, passed in 1949, are outdated; the area is, and will always remain, a part of India. Accordingly the solution must lie within the framework of the Indian Constitution, not the UN. As India seeks a more prominent international role and a permanent seat on the UN Security Council this view may have to change. But in the meantime the prospect of talks between India, Pakistan and the representatives of the Kashmiri people seems as remote as ever.

96. The Halls Of Academia Archives of African American Music and Culture Indiana University Bloomington Native Web A cyberplace for Earth s indigenous people links to Subject http://www.tenet.edu/halls/multiculturalism.html

Administrators Teachers Professional Resources ... Students The Hall of Multiculturalism African/African American Resources Asian/Asian American Resources General Resources Latino/Chicano/Mexican Resources ... Native American Resources African/African American Resources Aboriginal Studies WWW Virtual Library: The Internet Guide to Aboriginal Studies : Links to General Resources, Koori Web Resources, Aboriginal History, Australian Native Title Documents, Aboriginal Languages, Aboriginal Art and Culture, Online Databases of Interest, and a search engine Aboriginal Youth Network (AYN) : Provides information specifically designed for Aboriginal youth regarding programs, services, youth news, bulletins, powwow listings, art n' literature, events, Chat Lines, e-mail hook-ups and listings, and the new addition of health info sites for teens Africa Hotlist : Links to African Culture, Countries, Arts, and Teacher Resources African-American Sheet Music, 1850-1920 Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater : Learn about Alvin Ailey and the company's current and past repertory. Archives of African American Music and Culture : Indiana University Bloomington, Smith Research Center: links to Who we are, About the Archives, Visit, Write, Call, E-mail the Archives, Holdings, Exhibitions and Events, Classical Music in Black and White, and Selected Links to Internet Resources related to African American music

97. Center For World Indigenous Studies Fourth World Eye Newsletter #5: Russia's "Re Center For World indigenous Studies Fourth World Eye The lesson of Somalia. The Russian Federation is broken. It is unable to function as a state http://www.cwis.org/fweye/fweye-5.html

December 1999 Number 5 MY WORD.... by Rudolph C. Rÿser, Ph.D. Russia's "Recollapse" - Chechnya's Independence: The lesson of Somalia The Russian Federation is broken. It is unable to function as a state according to the ordinary terms that define an internationally recognized state. Like Burma (Myanmar), Haiti, Colombia, Congo, Honduras, Indonesia, Bangladesh, North Korea, Afghanistan, Rwanda, Burundi, the Sudan and Somalia the Russian Federation is incapable of fulfilling the fundamental requirements of a state. The key issue is whether the Russian Federation can exercise sovereignty over all the territory it claims and whether central authority extends universal legal systems to claimed boundaries. Russia can claim neither. The non-Russian populations of the Russian Federation have more to gain by being loosely associated with Moscow or going their way as independent republics. In the face of a bankrupt economy, corrupt government officials, a ham-fisted bureaucracy and a continuing and unending winter of discontent, Russia viciously attacks a small republic and the public press draws attention to the only thing that seems to put a good face on events: public opinion polls. Citing unidentified opinion polls the press reports that Russians are pleased with Prime Minister Vladimir Putin's leadership. We are now led to believe that somehow all the problems befalling the Russian people have been swept away. Just as it was an illusion that Russia was being transformed into an open society by Michael Gorbechev's

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