1. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Sickle Cell Anemia Illustrated article gives definition, causes, treatment, and risk factors. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000527.htm

@import url(/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Sickle cell anemia Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Red blood cells, sickle cell Red blood cells, normal Red blood cells, multiple sickle cells Red blood cells, sickle cells ... Blood cells Alternative names Return to top Anemia - sickle cell; Hemoglobin SS disease (Hb SS); Sickle cell disease Definition Return to top Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disease in which the red blood cells, normally disc-shaped, become crescent shaped. As a result, they function abnormally and cause small blood clots. These clots give rise to recurrent painful episodes called "sickle cell pain crises." Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Sickle cell anemia is caused by an abnormal type of hemoglobin called hemoglobin S. Hemoglobin is a protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen. Hemoglobin S, however, reduces the amount of oxygen inside the cells, distoring their shape. The fragile, sickle-shaped cells deliver less oxygen to the body's tissues, and can break into pieces that disrupt blood flow. Sickle cell anemia is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait , which means it occurs in someone who has inherited hemoglobin S from both parents. Sickle cell disease is much more common in certain ethnic groups, affecting approximately one out of every 500 African Americans. Someone who inherits hemoglobin S from one parent and normal hemoglobin (A) from the other parent will have

2. Welcome To The American Sickle Cell Anemia Association The American sickle cell anemia Association of Cleveland Ohio. http://www.ascaa.org/

A United Way Agency Categories Who We Are Mission Statement Board of Trustees Executive Director ... Events NEW Events posted! Make a Donation (Online or Mail) Message Board Research ... Home Find Out Here! Welcome to The American Sickle Cell Association web site. Please visit often to get the latest news and available information. What's coming up... THANK YOU NEW YORK KNICKS! THANK YOU TO MALCOLM-JAMAL WARNER! September is Sickle Cell Awareness Month Visitors to this site. Updated 06/25/05 *Information relayed on this site is collective, and has been accumulated over time from various factual sources, medical journals and general entities about sickle cell anemia and its disease variants. For specific printed matter, useful for citing text information, please contact us and we will forward printed matter to you. The materials on www.ascaa.org Please note that while ASCAA makes a conscientious attempt to make certain that information on our site is current and accurate, any errors or exclusions are not the liability of ASCAA. All information on our Message Board is subject to public response, therefore, while we will make our best effort to display accurate information, it is not the liability of ASCAA if any misinformation is submitted through the public message board (direct request, should be sent to ASCAA via email, mail or phone.) ASCAA is not responsible for any complications arising from site searching, visiting linked sites, downloading files/clips/pictures/etc.

3. Priapism In Sickle Cell Anemia Looks at the course, management and complications of this disease. http://www.fpnotebook.com/HEM49.htm

Home About Links Index ... Editor's Choice document.write(code); Advertisement Hematology and Oncology Hemoglobin Anemia ... Thalassemia Assorted Pages Hemoglobinopathy Sickle Cell Anemia Cerebrovascular Accident in Sickle Cell Anemia Hand Foot Syndrome ... Priapism in Sickle Cell Anemia Priapism in Sickle Cell Anemia Book Home Page Cardiovascular Medicine Dentistry Dermatology Emergency Medicine Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatric Medicine Gynecology Hematology and Oncology HIV Infectious Disease Jokes Laboratory Neonatology Nephrology Neurology Obstetrics Ophthalmology Orthopedics Otolaryngology Pediatrics Pharmacology Practice Management Prevention Psychiatry Pulmonology Radiology Rheumatology Sports Medicine Surgery Urology Chapter Hematology and Oncology Index Anemia Cancer Coagulopathy Cardiovascular Medicine Dermatology Endocrinology Otolaryngology Examination Gastroenterology Hemoglobin Hemolysis Histiocytosis HIV Infectious Disease Laboratory Leukemia General Pulmonology Lymph Marrow Neurology Obstetrics Orthopedics Pediatrics Pharmacology Platelet Prevention Procedure Psychiatry Rheumatology Sarcoma Surgery Symptom Evaluation Vascular Page Hemoglobin Index Approach Anemia Thalassemia Sickle Sickle Complications CVA Sickle Complications Hand Foot Sickle Complications Hematuria Sickle Complications Priapism See Also Priapism Course Resolves spontaneously May occur frequently Management Medications Nifedipine 10 mg (in repeated doses) Nitroglycerin patch (0.2 - 0.4 mg/hour)

4. Sickle Cell Anemia A definition of sickle cell anemia, what it is, how one gets it, symptoms, statistics and testing. http://www.mamashealth.com/Sickle_Cell.asp

Mamashealth.com Home Blood Diseases Agnogenic Metaplasia Amyloidosis Aplastic Anemia Diabetes ... Von Willebrand's Disease Links Email Mama What is Sickle Cell Anemia? Sickle Cell is an inherited, chronic blood disease where the red blood cells become crescent shaped and function abnormally. When the blood cells become cresent/sickle shaped, they are unable to deliver adequate amounts of oxygen to other cells. The Sickle Cell Disease results in anemia (low blood counts), episodes of pain and increased susceptibility to infections. Sickle Cell produces a chronic anemia which may become life-threatening when hemolytic crises (the breakdown of red blood cells) or aplastic crises (bone marrow fails to produce blood cells) occur. If repeated crises occurs, damage of the kidneys lungs , bone, liver , and central nervous system may result. Occasionaly, acute painful episodes may occur. These acute episodes may last hours to days affecting the bones of the back, the long bones, and the chest. What makes the red blood cell become a sickle shape?

5. MedlinePlus: Sickle Cell Anemia From the National Institutes of Health; sickle cell anemia (National Heart, Lung, (Nemours Foundation); sickle cell anemia (Nemours Foundation) http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/sicklecellanemia.html

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Other health topics: A B C D ... List of All Topics Sickle Cell Anemia Contents of this page: News From the NIH Overviews Diagnosis/Symptoms ... Teenagers Search MEDLINE/PubMed for recent research articles on Sickle Cell Anemia You may also be interested in these MedlinePlus related pages: Blood/Lymphatic System Genetics/Birth Defects Latest News Blood Disorder Has Little Impact on Pregnancy (09/09/2005, Reuters Health) From the National Institutes of Health Sickle Cell Anemia (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute) Overviews Frequently Asked Questions (Sickle Cell Disease Association of America) Sickle Cell Disease (March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation) What Is Sickle Cell Disease? (Sickle Cell Disease Association of America) What Is Sickle Cell Disease? (Dolan DNA Learning Center) Diagnosis/Symptoms Blood Smear (American Association for Clinical Chemistry) Complete Blood Count (American Association for Clinical Chemistry) Hemoglobin Variants (American Association for Clinical Chemistry) Treatment Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplantation Also available in: Spanish Bone Marrow and Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplant (Georgia Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center at Grady Health System) Prevention/Screening Genetic Counseling (Nemours Foundation) Newborn Screening Tests (March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation) Also available in: Spanish Sickle Cell Test (American Association for Clinical Chemistry) Disease Management Pain Assessment and Pain Management in Sickle Cell Disease (Georgia Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center at Grady Health System)

6. Sickle Cell Anemia Learn More About sickle cell anemia 1 Learn More About sickle cell anemia - 2 Learn More About sickle cell anemia - 3 http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. Sickle Cell Disease Association Of America SCDAA Home SCDAA Home. About SCDAA. Member Organizations. About Sickle Cell Disease. Programs Services. News, Events Archives. Research. Links http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. Sickle Cell Anemia Tells what the condition is, how it affects people, how it may be treated, and what young people can do to stay well. http://www.kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/blood/sickle_cell_anemia.html

KidsHealth Teens Blood Disorders Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder that mostly affects people of African ancestry, but also occurs in other ethnic groups, including people who are of Mediterranean and Middle Eastern descent. More than 70,000 Americans have sickle cell anemia. And about 2 million Americans - and one in 12 African Americans - have sickle cell trait (this means they carry one gene for the disease, but do not have the disease itself). Sickle cell anemia occurs when a person inherits two abnormal genes (one from each parent) that cause their red blood cells to change shape. Instead of being flexible and round, these cells are more rigid and curved in the shape of the farm tool known as a sickle - that's where the disease gets its name. The shape is similar to a crescent moon. What Is Sickle Cell Anemia? Sickle cell anemia is a blood disorder that affects hemoglobin (pronounced: hee -muh-glow-bin), a protein found in red blood cells that helps carry oxygen throughout the body. Red blood cells with normal hemoglobin ( HbA ) move easily through the bloodstream, delivering oxygen to all of the cells of the body. Normal red blood cells are shaped like doughnuts with the centers partially scooped out and are soft and flexible.

9. What Is Sickle Cell Anemia? Compares normal red blood cells to those affected by this disorder. Tells who may be born with the condition and how it affects the lives of those http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. Welcome To The American Sickle Cell Anemia Association Scientists have learned a great deal about sickle cell anemia during the past 30 However, some people with sickle cell anemia continue to produce large http://www.ascaa.org/ftreat.htm

A United Way Agency BACK HOME What is the future of Sickle Cell Anemia treatment? Scientists have learned a great deal about sickle cell anemia during the past 30 years - what causes it, how it affects the patient, and how to treat some of the complications. They also have begun to have success in developing drugs that will prevent the symptoms of sickle cell anemia and procedures that should ultimately provide a cure. Some researchers are focusing on identifying drugs that will increase the level of fetal hemoglobin in the blood. Fetal hemoglobin is a form of hemoglobin that all humans produce before birth, but most stop making shortly after birth. Most humans have little fetal hemoglobin left in their bloodstream by the time they reach the age of 6 months. However, some people with sickle cell anemia continue to produce large amounts of fetal hemoglobin after birth, and studies have shown that these people have less severe cases of the disease. Fetal hemoglobin seems to prevent sick- ling of red cells, and cells containing fetal hemoglobin tend to survive longer in the bloodstream. Hydroxyurea appears to work primarily by stimulating production of fetal hemoglobin. There is some evidence that administering hydroxyurea with erythropoietin, a genetically engineered hormone that stimulates red cell production, may make hydroxyurea work better. This combination approach offers the possibility that lower doses of hydroxyurea can be used to achieve the needed level of fetal hemoglobin. However, both of these drugs may produce serious side effects, so researchers continue to search for safer agents that are just as effective.

11. MedlinePlus Sickle Cell Anemia sickle cell anemia http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. Sickle Cell Anemia sickle cell anemia occurs when a person inherits two abnormal genes that cause their red blood cells to change shape. Find out more about what sickle cell http://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/blood/sickle_cell_anemia.html

KidsHealth Teens Blood Disorders Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder that mostly affects people of African ancestry, but also occurs in other ethnic groups, including people who are of Mediterranean and Middle Eastern descent. More than 70,000 Americans have sickle cell anemia. And about 2 million Americans - and one in 12 African Americans - have sickle cell trait (this means they carry one gene for the disease, but do not have the disease itself). Sickle cell anemia occurs when a person inherits two abnormal genes (one from each parent) that cause their red blood cells to change shape. Instead of being flexible and round, these cells are more rigid and curved in the shape of the farm tool known as a sickle - that's where the disease gets its name. The shape is similar to a crescent moon. What Is Sickle Cell Anemia? Sickle cell anemia is a blood disorder that affects hemoglobin (pronounced: hee -muh-glow-bin), a protein found in red blood cells that helps carry oxygen throughout the body. Red blood cells with normal hemoglobin ( HbA ) move easily through the bloodstream, delivering oxygen to all of the cells of the body. Normal red blood cells are shaped like doughnuts with the centers partially scooped out and are soft and flexible.

13. M. D. Anderson Cancer Center - Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation Services, which are for childhood cancers of the blood, neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, Wilm's tumor, and noncancerous blood disorders, including sickle cell anemia and immunodeficiency syndromes. http://www.mdanderson.org/departments/pedbmt

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14. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia Sickle Cell Anemia sickle cell anemia Contents of this page Illustrations. Alternative names. Definition. Causes, incidence, and risk factors. Symptoms http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. New Hope For People With Sickle Cell Anemia (FDA Consumer Reprint) New Hope for People with sickle cell anemia by Eleanor Mayfield http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

16. Carolina WrenPress Nonprofit publisher whose Lollipop Power Books specialize in multicultural, bilingual, nonsexist, and nontraditional children's books. Publishes Puzzles, the story of a tenyear-old girl with sickle cell anemia. http://www.carolinawrenpress.org/

Poetry Carolina Wren Press Poetry Home About Book List Orders ... Contact Us What's New: 2005 Poetry Chapbook Contest The finalists have been chosen! Winners will be announced July 1st. 2003/4 Poetry Chapbook Contest - Book Launch and Reading Friday, October 8th, 7pm. The Regulator Bookshop, Ninth Street, Durham READERS: Winner: Sandra Becker, Foreign Bodies Runner-Up: David Williams, Far Sides of the Only World Judge: Joseph Donahue, In This Paradise: Terra Lucida XXI-XL SPECIAL DEAL for Summer/Fall 2004 Free shipping on all chapbooks. singing a tree into dance by Jaki Shelton Green - $10.95. Piece Logic by Erica Hunt - $14.95. The Gorgon Goddess by Evie Shockley - $12.95. Gold Indigoes by George Elliott Clarke - $12.95. Succory by Andrea Selch - $12.95. or buy any 4 chapbooks for $40 (can include multiple copies of same title) Send check or money order to Carolina Wren Press, 120 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701. Or write MC/Visa account # and exp date by fax 919-560-2759 Jaki Shelton Green's singing a tree into dance A chapbook of new work by this fine poet, winner of the 2003 NC Governor's Award for Literature. Retail Price: $10.95. Shipping is only $2.00 for the first copy, 50 cents for each further copy.

17. Immigration Spurs Rise Of Sickle Cell Anemia In U.S. - The Immigration to the United States is resulting in population shifts that are contributing to a rise in sickle cell anemia, researchers say. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

18. Patient Information How do you get sickle cell anemia or trait? Hemoglobin SS or sickle cell anemia; Hemoglobin SC disease; Hemoglobin sickle betathalassemia http://www.scinfo.org/sicklept.htm

Sickle Cell Disease Sickle Cell Disease is a group of inherited red blood cell disorders. Normal red blood cells are round like doughnuts, and they move through small blood tubes in the body to deliver oxygen. Sickle red blood cells become hard, sticky and shaped like sickles used to cut wheat. When these hard and pointed red cells go through the small blood tube, they clog the flow and break apart. This can cause pain, damage and a low blood count, or anemia. What makes the red cell sickle? There is a substance in the red cell called hemoglobin that carries oxygen inside the cell. One little change in this substance causes the hemoglobin to form long rods in the red cell when it gives away oxygen. These rigid rods change the red cell into a sickle shape instead of the round shape. How do you get sickle cell anemia or trait? You inherit the abnormal hemoglobin from your parents, who may be carriers with sickle cell trait or parents with sickle cell disease. You can not catch it. You are born with the sickle cell hemoglobin and it is present for life. If you inherit only one sickle gene, you have sickle cell trait. If you inherit two sickle cell genes you have sickle cell disease.

19. Brian's InterPlaza Personal site of Florida native, with information and links to information regarding sickle cell anemia http://home.earthlink.net/~brianhender/

It's new and improved! Welcome to my home on the internet.If this is your first time visiting this site, I extend a hearty welcome. If you have visited here before, I hope that you enjoy the new layout and graphics. I don't know if you can tell by the improved graphics on the site, but I am out of the hospital and back at work.Thanks for all the get well wishes and sympathetic letters I hope that visitors will continue to find my site informative, and I look forward to reading more letters from people with Sickle Cell Anemia and their family and friends. I still hope to showcase some of my 3D graphics in this space, and post information for my co-workers regarding the use of the computers in their classrooms. So once I get a grasp of what the common questions are, I will begin a new section on this site. As far as the3D graphics are concerned, well....they come as soon as I get more free time. My thanks to all who have wished me well during the rough times. Also a special thanks to my family, who always encourage me to keep my head up. And a very special thanks to my friends (Kitten, SexySlim, and RawBass), who daily demonstrate to me the meaning of friendship. Sincerely

20. Welcome To The American Sickle Cell Anemia Association The American sickle cell anemia Association of Cleveland Ohio http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

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