21. Africa Indigenous People Baule africa, african Anthropology General Resources. By peoples Baule People The Baule belong to the Akan peoples who inhabit Ghana and Côte d Ivoire. http://www.archaeolink.com/africa_indigenous_people_baule.htm

Baule Home Africa, African Anthropology General Resources By peoples Akan Akuapem Akye Anyi ... ArtWorld AFRICA - Baule "One of the Akan group sharing similar language and, in general, matrilineal inheritance. They broke away from the Asante of Ghana in the 18th century, bringing with them craftsmanship in gold and gold leaf decoration." - From University of Durham - http://artworld.uea.ac.uk/teaching_modules/africa/cultural_groups_by_country/baule/welcome.html Baule People "The Baule belong to the Akan peoples who inhabit Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire. Three hundred years ago the Baule people migrated westward from Ghana when the Asante rose to power. The tale of how they broke away from the Asante has been preserved in their oral traditions." You will find material related to history, culture, religion, political structure, art and more. - From University of Iowa - http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/Baule.html Web archaeolink.com

22. WorldViews: The Peoples Of Africa In the introdution to his book, The shona and their Neighbours (Beach 1994), One final caution that is germane to the study of africa s peoples is that http://worldviews.igc.org/awpguide/peoples.html

AFRICA: Africa World Press Guide compiled and edited by WorldViews AFRICA'S PEOPLES A rich diversity of ancient and proud societies T here are strengths and weaknesses attached to the study of Africa through a focus on the continent's diverse and numerous peoples. The strengths are that the continent is reduced to a more manageable size, the diversity and the rich traditions of Africa's peoples are accentuated, and the similiarities and differences among peoples everywhere in the world can be identified and analyzed. Finally, a study of the particularities of discrete societies throughout the African continent cha llenges the misperception of Africa as an undifferentiated mass of peoples. The attendant weaknesses in this approach are that Africa's population of 735 million may be reduced to exotic images and stereotypes of one or another African society or they may remain frozen in the context of the particular historical period or geog raphic locale being studied. In the introdution to his book, The Shona and their Neighbours (Beach 1994), historian David Beach (University of Zimbabwe) clearly delineates the traps that can ensnare the unwary in a study of the peoples of Africa. H e takes, as just one example, the rock paintings and stone buildings for which inhabitants of the Zimbabwean plateau are reknowned. "From the standpoint of Shona studies," Beach points out, "[the paintings and buildings] have been both a blessing and a cu rse. On the one hand, the sheer beauty of the former attracted many of the minority of educated whites into the discipline of archaeology, but it also ensured that they devoted their attention to a period and people fairly remote from the [modern-day] Sho na and their recent neighbours." Clearly, as Beach suggests, the particularlities and generalities must be kept in proper balance at all times.

23. AFRICA - Teacher Tools: African Culture Lesson Plan Activity Four Art in African Culture. Activity Five indigenous Religions In this activity students will read about shona burial traditions on the http://www.pbs.org/wnet/africa/tools/culture/activities2.html

Activity One: African Myths Activity Two: Everyday Life Activity Three: Food in Africa Activity Four: Art in African Culture ... Activity Six: Musical Reflections Activity Four: Traditional and Modern Art in the African Culture Objects of art have many roles in African culture. Some are used for everyday life while others serve important social and religious functions. In this lesson students will view and write about traditional works of art as well as examples of modern African art. Teacher Background Information Because of the size and diversity of the African continent, it is difficult to discuss African art without discussing the varying regions and peoples of the African continent. The Teacher's Guide to African Art Web site is a good place to develop background information on African art. http://www. thinker.org/fam /education/publications /guide- african/ part-1.html Traditional African Art 1. Send students to one of the following Web sites: Cultural Symbols Project http://www.marshall .edu/akanart/ PBS AFRICA - Traditions http://www.pbs. org/africa /explore

24. African Culture - Society On The Internet The web site for her course peoples and Cultures of africa has information onthe Mande, Indilinga african Journal of indigenous Knowledge Systems http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/culture.html

Countries Topics Search the Africa Pages Suggest a Site ... Topics: Culture and Society See also: Country Pages Adire African Textiles - Duncan Clarke History, background, and photographs of adire, adinkra, kente, bogolan, Yoruba aso-oke, akwete, ewe, kuba, and nupe textiles. The symbolism of images is often provided. One can purchase textiles as well. Clarke's Ph.D. dissertation (School of Oriental and African Studies) is on Yoruba men's weaving. Based in London. http://www.adire.clara.net Africa e Mediterraneo (Roma : Istituto sindacale per la cooperazione allo sviluppo) In Italian. A quarterly magazine about African culture and society. Has the table of contents. Topics covered: literature and theatre, music and dance, visual arts (painting, sculpture, photography), cinema, immigration. Owned by Lai-momo, a non-profit co-operative. Contact: redazione@africaemediterraneo.it [KF] http://www.africaemediterraneo.it Africa: One Continent. Many Worlds Extensive site for the traveling art exhibit from the Field Museum, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County

25. Voices From Africa It was always under that tree that the shona people, or more precisely the Zezuru, To indigenous people, wildlife, formerly held in high esteem, http://www.unsystem.org/ngls/documents/publications.en/voices.africa/number6/vfa

Number 6: Sustainable Development Part 2 Contents: INTRODUCTION AUTHORS TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN GHANA TOXIC WASTE DUMPING IN ZAMBIA ... THE POOR PARTNERS' ATTITUDES TO TECHNICAL COOPERATION IN AFRICA CAMPFIRE: ZIMBABWE'S TRADITION OF CARING by Stephen Kasere Much has already been said and written about Zimbabwe's Campfire programme, highlighting how the programme decentralises political and administrative powers to grassroots people, how it distributes millions of dollars to the barefoot masses in communal areas, and how people have adopted eco-friendly views on wildlife and other natural resources as a result of it. But little has been said so far about the significance of the programme to reviving the cultural well-being of the people in Zimbabwe. The cultural component in Campfire not only proves to the world that sustainability is not a creation of western scholarship, as many would argue, but also explains why Campfire has managed to rapidly win the hearts of millions of Zimbabweans when other programmes, both in Zimbabwe and abroad, could not make it beyond the design stage. Prevailing arguments view Africans as non-conservationists at heart who have fallen in love with Campfire only because of the meat and money it generates. My contention, on the contrary, is that the programme has been accepted by people because it does not contradict the African wisdom about environment. While economic incentives are indispensable, the programme preaches and practises sustainable consumption as a vehicle for development. This is the language the Zimbabwean people and their ancestors have been practising since time immemorial.

26. Southern Africa, 1900 A.D.-present | Timeline Of Art History | The Metropolitan southern africa, (presentday Namibia), thousands of indigenous Herero peoples Having seen indigenous african artworks such as San rock paintings, http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/11/sfs/ht11sfs.htm

Encompasses present-day Madagascar, southern Mozambique, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Swaziland, Lesotho, Botswana, and Namibia See also Central Africa Eastern Africa Guinea Coast , and Western and Central Sudan The United Kingdom clashes with the Boer settlers in a final effort to subdue the independent Boer republics and unite them with its own South African colonies. They are aided by the Tswana and other native populations. Boer women and children are contained in prison camps with poor sanitation and health care; between 1900 and 1901, approximately 28,000 out of 117,000 inmates die of disease. In German southern Africa, (present-day Namibia), thousands of indigenous Herero peoples are massacred by German colonial troops in response to a Herero rebellion against German colonial rule. Lucy Lloyd publishes Specimens of Bushman Folklore , a compilation of interviews with San individuals and sketches of rock paintings accumulated by herself and linguist Wilhelm Bleek in the 1870s. It provides the cornerstone for later study of the San people and the rock art that has been attributed to them.

27. Operation World - Detailed Information indigenous 90.9%. shona 70.5%. 9 major peoples speaking related dialects andnumbering Nonindigenous 9.1%. African 7.9%. Many work as farm labourers. http://www.gmi.org/ow/country/zimo/owtext.html

28. Africa Stage: Kevin Dispatch - June 26, 1999 A description of the shona rituals of death, the symbolism, spirituality and It is the staple diet for most of the indigenous people of Zimbabwe. http://www.worldtrek.org/odyssey/africa/062699/062699kevinshona.html

We picked this dispatch as today's "Best." Click here to have future picks e-mailed to you! Music Can Keep a Family Together... Even After Death Click to listen and learn! Zimbabwe Thomas Mapfumo How would you feel, knowing that not only your big brother, sister and parents are looking out for you, but that your grandparents, great-grandparents, and all of their ancestors before them continue to watch over you, protect you and care for your well-being? Well, aside from making you a bit paranoid, you'd hardly ever feel alone and you would probably feel a lot safer wherever you'd go in your life. The Shona believe that death is a passage of the body from one physical form to another, and when the spirit leaves the body, it becomes part of a higher world of living spirits. Although the majority of Shona believe in God, they more widely believe that it is their ancestral spirits that act as their supernatural protectors. This is one of the principal beliefs within the Shona religion, whose customs, like mbira music have all been orally passed down for generations.

29. AFRICAN BY NATURE® Presents Open Our Eyes: African People Are Incapable Of M Great Zimbabwe, located in the southern part of africa, was built by peopleother than the shona (B) These are Black indigenous african people. http://www.africanbynature.com/eyes/openeyes_migration.html

African People Are Incapable Of Migration by Keith W. Jones African people are incapable of migration. That is an idea that many scholars would still like to have us people of African descent believe. I find it disappointing that even today, as we transition to a new millennium, this concept is still being pushed, taught, and written about. The static African concept, as I call it, is implied in our literature, newspapers, and cinema, and is disseminated during television broadcasts. One possible result of this concept is that, being incapable of movement might be linked to being incapable of accomplishment. That is, if one cannot think well enough to move from one location to a better location, even though all of his or her muscles are fully functional, then how can one possibly think well enough to develop technology, which will make life easier for himself or herself. I believe that what is most psychologically damaging, though, for people of African descent, are the Eurocentric and ethnocentric falsehoods still disseminated in most of the textbooks used in schools today, by our children and young adults. Put another way, when African American children and young adults go to school, they still are taught and they still read about untruths regarding the lack of scientific, intellectual, and technological accomplishments made by people of African descent. These untruths are in addition to what these young people are learning about the so-called mental and intellectual inferiority of African peoples to other ethnic groups. However, I am getting ahead of myself.

30. Great Zimbabwe, Africa’s Great Ruin It had been built by the shona, ancestors to Zimbabwe’s Bantuspeaking tribes, large as it has ever been built south of the Sahara by indigenous people. http://www.theculturedtraveler.com/Heritage/Print/Zimbabwe.htm

Print Close Sponsored By This month's World Heritage Site... Great Zimbabwe, Africa’s Great Ruin By Patrick Totty Sub-Saharan Africa probably has no greater a monument to its pre-colonial past than the ruins of Great Zimbabwe*, a massive stone city that impresses on so many counts: sophistication, mystery, wealth and power. The monument is located in southeastern Zimbabwe on a granite plain, about 160 air miles south of Harare, modern Zimbabwe’s capital city. For 16 th -century Portuguese, the first Europeans to see the city, the ruins, strewn over almost 1,800 acres, had to have been the seat of some great power. They theorized that the site might have been the capital of the Queen of Sheba or perhaps the legendary African Christian king, Prester John. Whoever Great Zimbabwe’s ancient monarch may have been, the Portuguese knew they had come upon something grand. The site’s biggest structure, later named the Elliptical Building or Great Enclosure, was a huge oval space formed by a mortarless granite wall up to 32 feet high, 17 feet thick and 800 feet in circumference. Its dimensions and massiveness reminded the Portuguese of the great castle walls of Europe. The Great Enclosure (which some claim housed a harem) was the second of Great Zimbabwe’s three major sites to be built. Preceding it was the nearby Hill Complex, constructed around 1250 A.D., which included housing and religious structures. A third element, the Valley Complex, was the smallest of Great Zimbabwe’s precincts, and was probably built in the early 15

31. Titles Are Sorted Into Publication Date Order Up Catalogue The shona peoples Michael Bourdillon Newly reissued, this book is still research undertaken amongst the shona people, taking indigenous religion and http://www.africanbookscollective.com/acatalog/Online_Catalogue_Anthropology_21.

32. Owl Articles - The Owl Pages I spent time with some of the locals of Zulu, Ndebele, shona, and Balozi tribes, Block ) in western Zimbabwe, the local indigenous people there (shonas, http://www.owlpages.com/articles/lore_culture/owls_in_lore_8.html

Owl Pages Home Owl Articles Owl Physiology What is an Owl? In this section, you will find information on Owl Physiology and Anatomy, as well as plenty of Owl facts. Studies and Papers Formal studies, discussions, notes, and scientific papers about Owls. Owl Mythology Take a glimpse into the mysterious realm of Owls in Myth and Legends from around the world. Owl Reports Reports on Owl observations, meetings and places. Owl Stories Stories about owl encounters and adventures. Care and Rehabilitation Articles about the care and/or rehabilitation of owls. Product Reviews From time to time, we come across Owl related books and products that we like to recommend to others. Other Owl Stuff If it doesn't belong above, it goes here. Owl Pages Home Owls Sports

33. Zimbabwe The UK annexed Southern Rhodesia from the South africa Company in 1923. indigenous people of Zimbabwe shona, Ndebele Mbira.org Traditional shona music http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/zimbabwe.htm

advertise with NOP Home Continents Africa Zimbabwe This page is part of One World - Nations Online the countries of the world keywords: zimbabwe, news papers, zimbabwe tourism, zimbabwe map Zimbabwe Country Code: zw Flag of Zimbabwe Background: The UK annexed Southern Rhodesia from the South Africa Company in 1923. A 1961 constitution was formulated to keep whites in power. In 1965 the government unilaterally declared its independence, but the UK did not recognize the act and demanded voting rights for the black African majority in the country (then called Rhodesia). UN sanctions and a guerrilla uprising finally led to free elections in 1979 and independence (as Zimbabwe) in 1980. Robert MUGABE, the nation's first prime minister, has been the country's only ruler (as president since 1987) and has dominated the country's political system since independence. (Source: CIA - The World Factbook) border countries: Botswana Mozambique South Africa Zambia related countries: UK Official Sites of Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Government The Zimbabwe Government online. The Embassy of Zimbabwe Washington D.C.

34. Zimbabwe, Country, Africa: Land And People Some 98% of the population is African, with the shona group predominant. indigenous religions; the balance of the people are split nearly evenly between http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0862063.html

Home U.S. People Word Wise ... Homework Center Fact Monster Favorites Hurricane Katrina Ramadan Children Inventors The Doctor's In ... 2006 TFK Almanac Reference Desk Atlas Almanacs Dictionary Encyclopedia ... Site Map Sponsored Links TripAdvisor Zimbabwe (Africa) Encyclopedia Zimbabwe, country, Africa Land and People Bulawayo , Chitungwiza, Gweru, and Mutare. Zimbabwe's official language is English, with Shona and Ndebele being the prominent African languages. Some 98% of the population is African, with the Shona group predominant. Since independence in 1980, the European population of Zimbabwe has fallen to under 100,000. About half the population practices a blend of Christian and indigenous religions; the balance of the people are split nearly evenly between the two. The Univ. of Zimbabwe is in Harare. Sections in this article: Introduction Land and People Economy Government History Bibliography The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Page Tools: Cite Print AD AD AD ADS Business Cards Link to Fact Monster Add Fact Monster search ... Privacy Brought to you by: Information Please

35. Retail crafts and bush clothing hand made by the indigenous people of Southern africa . We also carry sadza batik fabrics and traditional shona musical http://www.africacentre.org/retail.htm

Africa Centre 1405 Arapahoe Ave, Boulder, CO 80302 Tel: 303 442 2637 info@africacentre.org Home Resource Library Internet Links ... Contact Us Retail Boudashery The Boudashery Ltd offers An Africa n Odyssey of unique and distinctive furniture artwork, crafts and gifts which include jewelry, beaded clothing, embroidery, wood and stone carvings, glassware and handpainted tableware. Afritex African prints at wholesale prices. Kente, Bogoln Mali, Mudcloth, Brocade, Gold Prints. A Piece of Africa: African arts, African crafts and African Paintings A job creation project for artists selling African art, African craft, African paintings, African curios and African sculptures. We also supply wildlife carvings, paintings, and sculptures providing a platform for Africa’s unsung artists internationally Umboko The name UMBOKO is derived from Swahili and means "maker of things" or "craftsperson". All of our products are handmade and represent arts and crafts from many cultures including several African countries, India, Nepal, Thailand, Tibet, several of the Indonesian islands such as Bali, Lombok and Java, and some South and Central American countries. S and A Beads This store sells beads including Millfiori trade beads, Tuareg jewelry, Kiffa beads, Fulani brass, traditional

36. A Short History Of Shona Stone Sculpture, Origins Of This Form Of Stone Sculptur It was the largest city in southern africa at the time and prospered until The shona People. The shona are Zimbabwe s largest indigenous tribe and make http://www.roomforart.co.uk/html/a_short_history.html

About Zimbabwe The Stone Sculpture we have to offer you comes from Zimbabwe, a landlocked country in Southern Africa which is bordered by Botswana, Mozambique, South Africa and Zambia (the Zambezi River being a natural riverine boundary). The country has a population of some 12.5 million and covers an area of just under 151,000 square miles. Formerly the British colony of Southern Rhodesia, Rhodesia unilaterally declared its independence (UDI) from Britain in 1965, leading to an extended period of international trade sanctions and civil war under a white minority government. In 1980 free elections were held and the country became truly independent under a black majority government. The country changed its name to Zimbabwe after the ancient stone city of Great Zimbabwe which derived its name from the Shona word ´ dzimba dza mabwe´ meaning ´ House of Stone ´. Great Zimbabwe, which existed from around 1300 - 1525, was a powerful trading city-state in south-eastern Africa occupying much of the present day Zimbabwe. It was the largest city in southern Africa at the time and prospered until the middle of the 15th century with up to 18,000 - 20,000 inhabitants before declining - probably due to shortages of natural resources, drought, political instability and the development of new and competitive settlements in the region. The vast ruins and walls of Great Zimbabwe can be still be explored today and are arguably the greatest remaining example of African architecture and civilisation, the walls being intricate structures made from precision carved granite blocks without the use of any mortar. Unfortunately, explorers plundered the area in the late 1800s and the reckless excavation efforts of early archaeologists also disturbed the ruins, limiting the usefulness of what could be learnt from the site. Current day excavation techniques would have allowed archaeologists to unlock much more information about this truly impressive civilisation. However, objects found at the ruins suggest that trade was conducted with far flung Chinese, Portuguese, Indian and Arab traders and trading centres.

37. OneWorld.ca / In Depth / Africa - Full Coverage Africa The Memory Box Program in South africa records family histories of parents World Conference Against Racism logo indigenous peoples have been in the UN http://www.oneworld.ca/article/country/950/20

38. Sculptor.Org - African Sculptors - Zimbabwe The critics were amazed at how the indigenous people took to this art form and Spirits In Stone, shona Sculpture The journey from ephemeral dream to a http://www.sculptor.org/Countries/Africa/Zimbabwe.htm

African Sculptors - Zimbabwe Home Zimbabwe , Sculptors, Books Chapungu.Com - Zimbabwe Stone Sculpture Zimbabwe stone sculpture first began to emerge in the early sixties with artists and small workshops of artists who were encouraged by the then director of the National Art Gallery in Zimbabwe (then Rhodesia). The critics were amazed at how the indigenous people took to this art form and by the themes and ideas that inspired each piece. The sculptors soon discovered the wealth of the stones to be found in Zimbabwe's Great Dyke and moved onto harder, more difficult but more beautiful material. Out of these beginnings have risen some of the most famous names in African art history such as Nicholas Mukomberanwa Henry Munyaradzi Joram Mariga and many more. We are now coming up into the second and even third generation of artists from this era, and with this we see more than ever the great diversity of impressions and materials used. See: Sculptors Sculpture Gallery News Contact: Contact Missouri Botanical Garden in St Louis Missouri USA. April 28 to October 7, 2001

39. Animals: Plight Of Africa's Wild Dogs In the early 1900s, indigenous people in what s now Zimbabwe were happy The shona people believed that organs from the dogs possessed medicinal value. http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FRO/is_n2_v131/ai_20443411

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles Animals March-April 1998 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Featured Titles for ASA News ASEE Prism Academe African American Review ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Plight of Africa's wild dogs Animals March-April, 1998 by Wendy Williams Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. In 1906, a few years after Cecil Rhodes grabbed southern Rhodesia from the Shona and Matabele people, the British government began paying a 10-shilling bounty for each African wild dog killed. Settlers on the high veld were ranching cattle, and Lycaon pictus became the target of some serious blame in those outlying areas. The charges? Stealing calves and creating general mayhem. Nearly 100 years later, wild dogs often have the same allegations levied against them. But with the dogs now ranking among Africa's most threatened carnivores, attitudes held for decades, and probably centuries, are changing.

40. Globalinfo.org - Human Rights RIGHTSSOUTH africa CLEAN-CITY POLICIES PUSH POOR ONTO STREETS JOHANNESBURG, Aug . indigenous peoples DAY NOT MUCH TO CELEBRATE FOR NATIVE peoples http://globalinfo.org/eng/topictoday.asp?TopicId=16

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