101. The State Hermitage Museum: Collection Highlights The State Hermitage Museum Collection Highlights. This varied collection of roman art spans the period from the late period of the Republic (1st century BC) to the late empire (4th century AD), but most important is the collection of sculptural portraits. Illustrated. http://www.hermitagemuseum.org/html_En/03/hm3_1_3.html

The Hermitage collection of Roman antiquities is complemented by fine examples of bronzes, glassware, ceramics and mosaics. If you enjoyed this collection, you might want to also visit the other collections at the State Hermitage Museum. Ancient Coins Portrait of a Roman Larger view Portrait of the Emperor Philip the Arab Larger view Statue of the Emperor Octavian Augustus Larger view Image Usage Policy. About the Site

102. Detroit Institute Of Arts : Permanent Collection - Ancient Art - Rome See photos and read descriptions of different works of art from the roman empire. http://www.dia.org/collections/ancient/rome/rome.html

The Romans inherited much from the Etruscans , but they also borrowed many ideas from the Greeks . Sculpture was used to decorate public and private buildings and much of Roman art was made as official propaganda to glorify the ruler, proclaim victories, or to make pious references to the state and its governance. From the time of Augustus, the first emperor , artists created idealized representations of the imperial family. Such statues could portray important personalities in armor to proclaim a military victory, as an orator in reference to learned activities, or even as a deity to suggest an association with the gods. Head of Emperor Augustus Togate Statue of a Youth Torso in Armor The highly organized and well-integrated political structure of the Roman Empire made it possible for citizens in even the most distant provinces to enjoy a level of material comfort and sophistication close to that of Rome itself. Styles and technical innovations spread rapidly, providing, for the wealthy, a luxurious way of life. Fragment of a Painted Wall Personification of the River Tigris Pair of Earrings Ribbed Bowl Spoon Select an Ancient Art section from below: Ancient Art Home Page Mesopotamia Persepolis/Ancient Iran Egypt ... The Etruscans Rome South Arabian Sculpture Ancient Silver Islamic Art

103. Deseretnews.com | Sea Trade Between Romans And India Rivaled Silk Road From Deseret News, on how spices, gems and other exotic cargo excavated from an ancient port on Egypt's Red Sea show that the sea trade between the roman empire and India was more extensive than previously thought. http://www.deseretnews.com/dn/view/0,1249,405011230,00.html

Thursday, June 13, 2002 Sea trade between Romans and India rivaled Silk Road By Andrew Bridges AP science writer Bastiaan Seldenthuis, Associated Press This Indian cotton resist-dye textile was excavated from a Roman trash dump in the ancient Egyptian town of Berenike. "We talk today about globalism as if it were the latest thing, but trade was going on in antiquity at a scale and scope that is truly impressive," said the co-director of the dig, Willeke Wendrich of the University of California at Los Angeles. Wendrich and Steven Sidebotham of the University of Delaware report their findings in the July issue of the journal Sahara. Historians have long known that Egypt and India traded by land and sea during the Roman era, in part because of texts detailing the commercial exchange of luxury goods, including fabrics, spices and wine. Now, archaeologists who have spent the past nine years excavating the town of Berenike say they have recovered artifacts that are the best physical evidence yet of the extent of sea trade between the Roman Empire and India. They say the evidence indicates that trade between the Roman Empire and India was as extensive as that of the Silk Road, the trade route that stretched from Venice to Japan. Silk, spices, perfume, glass and other goods moved along the Silk Road between about 100 B.C. and the 15th century.

104. Ancient Roman History Timeline Provides a chronological history of ancient Rome with extensive links to internet resources. Superstition permeated the daily life of the ancient roman. http://www.exovedate.com/ancient_timeline_one.html

TIMELINE: ANCIENT ROME Provides a chronological index of the history of Ancient Rome with extensive links to internet resources. Emphasis is placed upon the use of primary source material and new perspectives upon the roles of women in ancient time. scroll down for the timeline Thank you for visiting! Kindly report any suggestions, problems, errors, or dead links by emailing david(at)exovedate.com Using info from this site? contact the author by emailing david(at)exovedate.com (note: replace (at) with the @ symbol) Ridley Scott's GLADIATOR is a great film. Is it great history? Click here to learn the real story behind the events and characters portrayed in the movie. Thanks Encyclopedia Britannica! We are listed on The History Channel web site The timeline is divided chronologically into eight sections: I 2000 BCE-450 BCE (scroll down) II 450 BCE-175 BCE III 175 BCE-100 BCE IV 100 BCE-1 CE V 1 CE-50 CE VI 50 CE-300 CE VII 300 CE-600 CE VIII A History of The Calendar This symbol indicates a link to a primary source text Now you can search TIMELINE: ANCIENT ROME with Google: WWW exovedate.com

105. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Byzantine Empire Term employed to designate the Eastern survival of the ancient roman empire. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03096a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... B > The Byzantine Empire A B C D ... CICDC - Home of the Catholic Lifetime Reading Plan The Byzantine Empire The ancient Roman Empire having been divided into two parts, an Eastern and a Western, the Eastern remained subject to successors of Constantine , whose capital was at Byzantium or Constantinople . The term Byzantine is therefore employed to designate this Eastern survival of the ancient Roman Empire. The subject will be here treated under the following divisions: I. Byzantine Civilization; II. Dynastic History. The latter division of the article will be subdivided into six heads in chronological order. I. BYZANTINE CIVILIZATION Slavs The first period of the empire, which embraces the dynasties of Theodosius, Leo I, Justinian , and Tiberius, is politically still under Roman influence. In the second period the dynasty of Heraclius in conflict with Islam , succeeds in creating a distinctively Byzantine State. The third period, that of the Syrian (Isaurian) emperors and of Iconoclasm , is marked by the attempt to avoid the struggle with Islam by completely orientalizing the land.

106. Camelot Village: Britain's Heritage And History An educational site that explores many aspects of ancient Rome including daily life, religion, trade and technology. http://www.camelotintl.com/romans/

107. PBS: The Roman Empire In The First Century Brief look at the empire itself, ancient voices, social order, and daily life. From PBS. http://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/

Two thousand years ago, the world was ruled by Rome, and Rome was in turmoil. From the chaos of civil war, the Roman Empire would rise even stronger to embrace hundreds of cultures, and till the soil from which western civilization would grow. Meet the Emperors of Rome, read the words of poets and philosophers, learn about life in the 1st Century AD, then try your skills in our "Emperor of Rome" game! Archival images courtesy of Alfredo Foglia, and Dagli Orti, Paris

108. Map Of Ancient Rome Map accompanied by a dropdown menu of buildings. Select one and its location will appear in red on the map. http://www.roman-empire.net/maps/map-rome.html

109. Ancient History Sourcebook: Herodian Of Syria (3rd Cent. CE): History Of The Emp Account by Herodian of Syria of how Didius Julianus acquired the roman throne. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/herodianus-didius.html

Back to Ancient History Sourcebook Ancient History Sourcebook: Herodian of Syria (3rd Cent. CE): History of the Emperors: - How Didius Julianus Bought the Empire at Auction, 193 CE [Introduction (adapted from Davis)] In 193 A.D. the Praetorian Guards murdered the Emperor Pertinax, who had striven to reduce them to discipline. The sale of the purple which followed forms one of the most fearful and dramatic incidents in the history of the Empire, illustrating: (1) how completely the guardsmen had lost all sense of decency, discipline, and patriotism; (2) how the idea that all things were purchasable for money had possessed the men of the Empire. It ought to be said that the Praetorians were an especially pampered corps, and probably the rest of the army was less corrupted. Didius Julianus held his ill-gotten power only from March 28th, 193 A.D., to June 1st of the same year, being deposed and slain when Septimius Severus and the valiant Danube legions marched on Rome to avenge Pertinax. The ringleaders of the Praetorians were executed; the rest of the guardsmen dishonorably discharged and banished from Italy. Herodian of Syria (3rd Cent. CE):

110. THE ROMANS Ancient, Medieval And Modern ancient. CONTENTS roman empire, 27 BC 1453 AD. (MAPS). Modern. Medieval. roman empire Merovingian Franks Feudalism Church Christianity Jesus Christ God http://www.romanity.org/

@import url(cdf/index.css); T h e R O M A N S Ancient CONTENTS Modern Medieval Kind sponsorship of V.I.C CHARLEMAGNE'S LIE OF 794 AD, THE GREEK LATINS OF ALBA LONGA AND OF ROME, THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE LIE AND BALKANIZATION © John S. Romanides Mettius Fufetius, the Latin King of Alba Longa, claims that the Romans of Tullus Hostilius (672-640 BC), the Latin King of Rome, are no longer pure Greeks, whereas his Albans (Alvanoi) are still pure Greeks. Within this context we shall study EXAMPLES OF THE SCIENCE OF THE ETHNIC CLEANING OF HISTORY AND A VISION OF THE FUTURE UNITED STATES OF FRANCO-ROMANIA The joke is on the fibbers. Why? Because the primitive Romans of Latium (as the reader of this website will see) were a union of such Greek speaking tribes as: Pelasgians, Aborigines, Sabines and Trojans. This is the football we are passing on the specialists in Roman, Greek and so-called Byzantine History to play around with. In other words Charlemagne believed and knew that he was lying, but without knowing it he was telling a truth, i.e. that the ancient Romans were indeed Greek speaking. This Football is on this website. Have fun! SOME UNDERLYING POSITIONS OF THIS WEBSITE Conclusion The names by which things are called are important in shaping our interpretation of reality. People are often surprised to discover that historical labels which define the past are inventions of later scholarship and ideology, not parts of the past itself. Men and women of the Middle Ages did not know that they lived in the Middle Ages: people who lived in Classical Athens or Renaissance Italy suffered the same disability. The people of the "Byzantine Empire" had no idea that they were Byzantine. They regarded themselves as the authentic continuators of the Roman world: the Romans living in Romania.

111. Rome - Indo-European Immigrants Slowly Inhabit Italy By Way Of The Because an ancient custom allows promotion from magistracy to the Senate, Because Sulla grants full control of the roman empire to the aristocracy, http://eawc.evansville.edu/chronology/ropage.htm

1000 BCE : Rome - Indo-European immigrants slowly inhabit Italy by way of the Alps. They bring the horse, the wheeled cart, and artistic knowledge of bronze work to the Italian peninsula. Two different groups, the Greeks and the Etruscans, occupy different regions of the peninsula during the eighth century. 753 BCE : Rome - Archeological research indicates that the founders of Rome itself are Italic people who occupy the area south of the Tiber River. By the sixth century BCE, Rome will have become the dominant power of most of its surrounding area. Their conservative government consists of a kingship, resembling the traditional values of the patriarchal family; an assembly, composed of male citizens of military age; and a Senate, comprised of elders who serve as the heads of different community sects. 600 BCE : Rome - The Etruscans, believed to be natives of Asia Minor, establish cities stretching from northern to central Italy. Their major contributions to the Romans are the arch and the vault, gladiatorial combat for entertainment and the study of animals to predict future events. The Greeks establish city-states along the southern coast of Italy and the island of Sicily. Their contributions to the Romans are the basis of the Roman alphabet, many religious concepts and artistic talent as well as mythology. 509 BCE : Rome - The Roman monarchy is overthrown and replaced with a republic. For more than two centuries following the establishment of the Roman Republic, Rome is constantly at war with the other inhabitants of Italy (the Etruscans and the Greeks).

112. Ancient & Classic Cultures - Homework Center - Multnomah County Library The Parthian empire http//www.parthia.com/ Learn about history, geography, http//www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/romans/colosseum_01.shtml This site http://www.multcolib.org/homework/anchsthc.html

skip navigation links Log in Search this site About the library ... Ancient Scripts and Languages http://www.ancientscripts.com/ This site provides information on ancient languages, such as the language family and pronunciation, as well as the written characters of any ancient language you can imagine. Collapse: Why Do Civilizations Fall? http://www.learner.org/exhibits/collapse/ With hands-on activities, color images, and text, this site explores theories as to why civilizations end. Focuses on the Mayans, the ancient city of Copan, Mesopotamia and more. HyperHistory: 3000 Years of World History http://www.hyperhistory.com/online_n2/History_n2/a.html A clickable chart of people and events throughout human history. Take a look! Images From History http://www.hp.uab.edu/image_archive/noframes.html An archive of photos illustrating artifacts, cave and rock art, and architecture from various ancient cultures and periods. Museums of Ancient Inventions http://www.smith.edu/hsc/museum/ancient_inventions/hsclist.htm An illustrated archive of the significant human inventions from the ancient world.

113. I-Friesland: The History Of The Ancient Frisian People long history of the Frisians, a people first mentioned by the ancient Romans The Frisians were early empirebuilders among the scattered tribes of http://www.i-friesland.com/history.html

i-Friesland history pages: Frisian law poem Tacitus: Germanic traits Tacitus: Germanic tribes Pagan Frisia Charlemagne and the Franks The Hanseatic League Freedom in Frisian law In the 8 th century Charlemagne freed the people of Friesland from swearing fealty to foreign overlords “That all Frisians would be fully free, the born and the unborn, so long as the wind blows from heaven and the child cries, grass grows green and flowers bloom, as far as the sun rises and the world stands.” This is from a 12th century law text written in Old Frisian using the poetic saga-style of Scandinavian epics.  There are a substantial number of existing Frisian law texts and some of these have yet to be studied.  There is currently a Frisia Project at the University of Amsterdam that is studying the ancient history of Friesland, which will likely uncover a lot more fascinating facts. But the tantalising tidbits of Frisian history that are already known reveal a people not much given to making their mark on history, except when provoked, and then fighting with a legendary fierceness to protect their freedom.  Frisia in Roman times The Romans under Augustus managed to defeat the Belgae and the Batavians (the ancestors of the Dutch).  The Frisians originally formed a treaty with the Romans at the River Rhine in 28 AD.  But 16 years later when taxes became repressive, they hung the taxman and defeated the Romans under Tiberius at the famous Battle of Baduhennawood.  The Frisii were known and respected by the Romans and written about by several sources. Tacitus wrote a particularly fascinating treatise about the Germanic peoples in 69 AD, describing the

114. Ancient Roman Emporers Claudius reign is marked with an expansion of the roman empire. ancient sources provide very different pictures of Vespasian s sons. http://www.crystalinks.com/romemperors.html

ANCIENT ROMAN EMPORERS Agustus - (27 BC - 14 AD) Agustus' first step was to repair the bitter wounds of civil war. On January 13 of 27 BC, Octavian, in his own words, "transferred the Republic from my own power to the authority of the Senate and the Roman people." This action showed shrewd political planning, as Augustus used it purely for public show. The Senate awarded him the name of Augustus, and mobs demanded that he retain power. Augustus carefully retained the titles of traditional offices to disguise his absolute power. He kept only the offices of consul and proconsul and claimed that he held no more power than his colleagues. Some Romans complained that the loss of liberty was too great a price to pay for peace, but most recognized that under the so-called liberty of the Roman Republic, a few hundred men had divided the spoils of empire while the workers and the provincials suffered. The majority of Romans welcomed the peace and stability of the Augustan Age. The rule of Augustus brought social stability, economic revival, and efficient administration to Rome, but it was unable to ensure the future. Augustus seemingly owed his power to the Senate and Roman people; in fact, his power came from his personal authority, and there was a real possibility his death might trigger a renewed civil war. For decades, Augustus watched his chosen successors die until only his stepson, Tiberius, remained. His selection of an heir outside of his immediate bloodline set the precedent for the future; struggles for power once fought on the battlefield were now waged in the imperial palace.

115. Internet Resources: Rome The Rome Project, The largest catalog of web resources on roman history and Map of the roman empire 227 K GIF file taken from Long s Classical Atlas http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/ROMINRES.HTM

Roman Internet Resources General Resources History Art Architecture ... Search the Web General Resources The Rome Project The largest catalog of web resources on Roman history and culture on the web; originally authored by David Miele, Columbia University student, and now maintained by Dr. Neil Goldberg, Archaeology Resident at the The Dalton School . Includes Internet directories on Roman military archaeology literature politics ... drama , and religion Roman History Primary Texts The Law of the Twelve Tables Translated by E.H. Warmington, Remains of Old Latin III; site maintained by Dr. Thom Thiebault, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale Octavian/Augustus: Select Testimonia Translated by John Porter , Associate Professor, Department of Classics , Saskatchewan University Pliny, Letter 10.96-97 Pliny's letter to the Emperor Trajan on the Christian "problem"; prepared by James J. O'Donnell, University of Pennsylvania Polybius 8: 11-16: The Constitution of the Roman Republic Translated by John Porter , Associate Professor, Department of Classics , Saskatchewan University Selections from Livy, Books I and II

116. The Roman Empire And Its Germanic Peoples The roman empire and Its Germanic Peoples Translated by Thomas Dunlap. His earlier history of the Goths (California, 1988) has been widely acclaimed. http://www.ucpress.edu/books/pages/6269.html

@import "style.css"; 379 pages, 6 x 9 inches, 11 Published November 1997 Available worldwide Entire Site Books Journals E-Editions The Press Herwig Wolfram The Roman Empire and Its Germanic Peoples Translated by Thomas Dunlap. In stockships in 2-3 days In stockships in 2-3 days Categories: Classics Ancient History Medieval History European History ... MORE INFO AND CHOICES Email: Description About the Author Related Books "[Wolfram's] detailed survey makes clear the breathtaking transformation wrought by the Germanic tribes." Kirkus Reviews "[A] classic work. . . . This clever and subtle text . . . comes over clearly, unravelling the kaleidoscopic hybridity of the world of Goths, Vandals, Huns, Burgundians, Franks and Lombards." Times Literary Supplement "[Wolfram] explores the high points in the history of a number of closely related Germanic societies as they faced the power of the Roman Empire and Roman imperial society. . . . This is a learned, sophisticated, and valuable bookone which can address the interests of people on all levels of erudition."Robert L. Benson, co-editor of Renaissance and Renewal in the Twelfth Century DESCRIPTION (back to top) The names of early Germanic warrior tribes and leaders resound in songs and legends; the real story of the part they played in reshaping the ancient world is no less gripping. Herwig Wolfram's panoramic history spans the great migrations of the Germanic peoples and the rise and fall of their kingdoms between the third and eighth centuries, as they invaded, settled in, and ultimately transformed the Roman Empire.

117. Ancient Law - Professor Bernard Hibbitts Egyptian Law, The Law of ancient Israel, roman Law Hans Julius Wolff, Greek Legal history Its Functions and otentialities , 1975 Washington University http://www.law.pitt.edu/hibbitts/ancientl.htm

This seminar explores the laws and legal practices of six ancient civilizations: Mesopotamia, Egypt, Egypt, the Hittite Empire, Israel, Greece and Rome. This page contains a full course description , a list of required readings and hyperlinks Listed below are the required readings on the legal cultures of each of the six ancient civilizations studied in this course. Mesopotamian Law Hittite Law Greek Law Egyptian Law ... Roman Law Mesopotamian Law Cyrus H. Gordon, The Ancient Near East E.A. Speiser, "Early Law and Civilization", in Collected Writings J.J. Finkelstein, "Law in the Ancient Near East", 5 Encyclopedia Biblica (1968), reprinted in Jewish Law and Decision-Making: A Study Through Time (Aaron M. Schreiber, ed., 1979) J.N. Postgate, "Laws and the Law", in Early Mesopotamia: Society and Economy at the Dawn of History Theodore J. Meek, trans., "The Code of Hammurabi", in Ancient Near Eastern Texts (J. Pritchard, ed., 1955) Jean Bottero, "The Code' of Hammurabi", in Mesopotamia, Writing, Reasoning and the Gods Egyptian Law Robert Wenke, "The Origins of Cultural Complexity in Africa", in

118. Unisa Online - Ancient History Students who select ancient history as a major subject are advised to take at least one or more ANH202T Themes in Greek and roman history (S1 and S2) http://www.unisa.ac.za/default.asp?Cmd=ViewContent&ContentID=16761

119. Rome The Palatine for discussions of roman history The third century before the common era was a time of empire-making and empire-breaking especially in http://www.ancientworlds.net/aw/City/11

Rome Hellas Egypt Mesopotamia ... Site Map Welcome to Rome! Please let the Scribes know if you have any questions. People To Meet Places To Go Things To Do Meet the Scribes of Rome Tanaquil Sergius Homesite Calpurnia ... Homesite Meet some of the Patrons of Rome Senex Caecilius Homesite Fabricius ... Homesite Visit the Best Roman Homes! Coming Soon! Meet the Newest Romans Sep 25 Tibor Porcius Sep 24 Empress Caesar Sep 24 Tomasz Lupus Sep 24 Constantinus Augustus Sep 24 Gaius Publius Claudius Sep 24 Scorp Caesar Sep 23 chrisja Scipio Sep 23 Simonius Maximus Sep 23 Nero Claudius Sep 23 Link Caesar Explore the Roman Families Sort by: FamilyName MemberCount Aelius members) Aemilius members) Antonius members) Atrebas members) Augustus members) Caecilius members) Caelius members) Caesar members) Cassius members) Cicero members) Claudius members) Cocceius members) Cornelius members) Crassus members) Curius members) Curtius members) Didius members) Domitius members) Duilius members) Fabius members) Flaminius members) Flavius members) Fufius members) Furius members) Furtivus members) Horatius members) Hostilius members) Junius members) Livius members) Longinus members) Lucretius members) Lupus members) Manlius members) Marcius members) Marius members) Maximus members) Papirius members) Pinguinus members) Pompilius members) Porcius members) Next 11 Bottom enlarge map Check out the Featured Places in Rome: Gallia Belgica Augusta Trevirorum Rome Germania Inferior Italia

120. EAWC: Ancient Rome What the Romans also did was learn from other cultures. thus is both polemic and propaganda his blending of history and mythology provides a platform http://eawc.evansville.edu/ropage.htm

Rome Virgil's Aeneid The Gospel of Mark Paul's Letter to the Romans The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius ... Texts The art and artifacts from the Karanis excavation provide a useful, summary statement about the culture of ROME the great imperial city. Rome's greatness grew out of its imperial program of conquering others and establishing colonies. This military expansion at once brought great material benefit to the Roman state and guaranteed a pipeline of wealth for Rome, the imperial city. And Rome becomes a cosmopolitan capital where high-living and material wealth become synonymous with personal importance and success. Note how the Karanis exhibit displays extravagant wall paintings, which did not decorate the walls of churches or temples but rather the homes of wealthy citizens. The exhibit also includes coins, whose minting bespeaks the abiding concern for the tokens of wealth as well. What the Romans also did was learn from other cultures. You might wonder why APHRODITE a Greek goddess, was memorialized in a fantastic sculpture in Roman times (and in Egypt, no less!). To their credit, the Romans recognized the richness of Greek art and architecture, and they sought to emulate the Greek masters and the Greek styles and themes in their own art. To a large degree, it was the Romans who brought Greek (and Hellenistic) culture to world attention. Romans patronized Greek artists and artisans in the glorification of a vast world of their own, Roman creation. It is no surprise, then, that the Roman poet

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