61. Natural Resources The characteristic burrows of the rodents are commonly seen at the base of creosotebushes throughout the range. threatened and endangered Species http://www.luke.af.mil/rmo/natural.htm

62. Illinois Natural History Survey--Lost Mound Field Station Measure selected bones to estimate age classes of rodents eaten by the owls (Lyman Historic endangered and threatened plant species element occurrence http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/cwpe/research/fieldstations/lm_research.htm

LOST MOUND Background and History Directions Habitats Photo Gallery ... Species Lists RESEARCH Current Research Research Policies ACTIVITIES Conferences Field Trips Programs Volunteer OTHER Graduate Student Opportunities Staff INHS Field Station Home ... INHS Homepage Current Research Projects Lark Sparrow genetics and ecology Jeremy Ross (Bowling Green State University) A continent-wide study of Lark Sparrow (Chondestes grammacus) Restoration of Sand Prairie in Illinois: Seed Banks and Existing Vegetation Molly McNicoll (University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana) Our objectives for this research are to compare the vegetation of native sand prairie to the present vegetation of former sand prairie that was protected from external impacts and vegetation for 80 years, and former sand prairie with a long grazing history. The proposed research will be conducted on successional and former sand prairie at the Lost Mound Unit, including areas dominated by little bluestem (Scizachyrium scoparium) and exotic annual grasses (Bromus spp.)

63. References For Species: Falco Peregrinus Postfire community structure of birds and rodents in southern California endangered and threatened species of Illinois status and distribution. http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/wildlife/bird/fape/references.html

References for species: Falco peregrinus Amadon, Dean. 1969. Predation, shooting, and other factors. In: Hickey, Joseph J., ed. Peregrine falcon populations: their biology and decline. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press: 491-495. [13721] Donohoe, Robert W. 1974. American hornbeam Carpinus caroliniana Walt. In: Gill, John D.; Healy, William M., eds. Shrubs and vines for northeastern wildlife. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-9. Upper Darby, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station: 86-88. [13714] Bernard, Stephen R.; Brown, Kenneth F. 1977. Distribution of mammals, reptiles, and amphibians by BLM physiographic regions and A.W. Kuchler's associations for the eleven western states. Tech. Note 301. Denver, CO: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 169 p. [434] Bull, John; Farrand, John, Jr. 1988. The Audubon Society field guide to North American birds. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 784 p. [13716] Cade, Tom J.; Bird, David M. 1990. Peregrine falcon, Falco peregrinus, nesting in an urban environment: a review. Canadian Field-Naturalist. 104(2): 209-218. [13718] Campbell, R. Wayne; Paul, Marilyn A.; Rodway, Michael S.; Carter, Harry R. 1978. Tree-nesting peregrine falcons in British Columbia. The Condor. 79(4): 500-501. [13724]

64. Bird Of The Month and may be proposed for listing as endangered or threatened in the future . Bats are second only to rodents in numbers among mammals and comprise http://www.main.nc.us/nas-hpc/BOM October.htm

Bird of the Month October BATS Of course bats are not birds! We all know that, but it is October and Halloween is a good time to stress the importance of this amazing creature.Bats may be the most misunderstood animals in the United States, although as consumers of enormous numbers of insects, they rank among the most beneficial. Almost all United States bats, and 70 percent of the bat species worldwide, feed almost exclusively on insects and are thus extremely beneficial. In fact, bats are the only major predators of night-flying insects. One bat can eat between 600 and 1,000 mosquitoes and other insect pests in just one hour While most United States bat species are insectivorous, bats in other parts of the world feed on a variety of items in addition to insects. Many species feed primarily on fruit, while several types feed on nectar and pollen. Fruit bats perform an extremely important function as seed dispersers. Nectar eating bats are important pollinators. Many plant species depend almost entirely on bats for pollination. Of the 45 species of bats found in the continental United States, six are federally-listed as endangered. Twenty other species are considered to be of special concern and may be proposed for listing as endangered or threatened in the future. Populations of several of the remaining species, especially cave-dwelling species, also appear to be declining.

65. Critters | Threatened & Endangered Species They feed primarily on rodents but will occasionally capture small birds. Pull Down for Information, Critters Overview, threatened and endangered http://www.agfc.state.ar.us/critters/wildlife_bird_p2.html

All About Birds Navigate: Pull Down for Bookmarks Bluebird Bluejay Cardinal Goldfinch Mockingbird Barn Owl Click Photo for Big Version The Barn Owl is 14-20 inches in length and has a wingspan of 43-47 inches. The barn owl often roosts and nests in buildings and hunts in areas cleared for agriculture, particularly meadows and pastures. It is perhaps the most distinctive looking owl with its long legs and heart-shaped face. Like other owls, the barn owl can locate and capture prey in total darkness using its hearing alone. This is accomplished with asymmetrically positioned ear openings, and the aid of the facial disks. They feed primarily on rodents but will occasionally capture small birds. These owls nest during any month of the year and are believed to mate for life. A pair of barn owls will raise 1-3 broods per year. The young stay in the nest for 55-65 days and are fed by both sexes. Many farmers encourage the presence of this excellent mouser in their barns. These owls are rare to uncommon and a decline has been noted in the East.

66. Gray Wolf (Canis Lupus) snowshoe hare, rodents and other small mammals, but may also include woodchuck, With reclassification from endangered to threatened, gray wolves in http://www.michigan.gov/dnr/0,1607,7-153-10370_12145_12205-32569--,00.html

Skip Navigation Michigan.gov Home DNR Home Links ... Ask DNR document.form2.SearchCriteria.size=10; Wildlife Conservation Strategy Landowner Incentive Program Michigan Breeding Bird Atlas Michigan Bird Conservation Initiative ... [Text Version] Gray Wolf ( Canis lupus Life History Michigan History Gray Wolf Recovery Federal Reclassification ... Non-DNR Links Life History Gray wolves (a.k.a. timber wolves and eastern timber wolves) are the largest member of the Canid family (wild dogs), which also includes coyotes, and red and gray foxes. The sub-species found in Michigan is Canis lupus lycaon . As adults, gray wolves average 30 inches in height at the shoulder and 65 pounds. Their feet are generally 3 1/2 inches wide and 4 1/2 inches long, and provide an easy way of differentiating wolves from coyotes, whose feet are only 1 1/2 inches wide and 2 1/2 inches long. The diet of wolves in Michigan consists mainly deer, beaver, snowshoe hare, rodents and other small mammals, but may also include woodchuck, muskrat, coyote, raccoon, insects, nuts, berries and grasses. They are the only Canid species in Michigan that hunts in a social unit (the pack). While wolves can go for a week without eating, when they do eat, their meal may include 20 pounds of meat at a time. Although wolves do not need "wilderness" (i.e. non-managed, roadless areas), they do need large areas of contiguous forest in which to range that support stable populations of their preferred prey. Wolf habitat is enhanced by timber cutting, wildlife habitat management and other practices that create more diverse and productive forests. Generally, a pack of gray wolves will roam an area of at least 100 square miles.

67. Page49-ENDANGERED SPECIES Status threatened and endangered Status cause Habitat loss or degradation due which means they eat small rodents, plants, fish, and sometimes grass! http://www.wtv-zone.com/moe/moesboomerabilia/page49.html

This article is an excerpt from the opening program in the series "Deep Ecology for the 21st Century," with David Suzuki DAVID SUZUKI: Life on this planet has existed now for almost four billion years. During that time, of course, there have been a number of extinction crises, when large numbers of species have suddenly disappeared from the planet. We're going through a period that looks like a major extinction crisis, but it's different from any other situation that has ever existed in that it is being driven by a single species. We're in an absolutely unprecedented situation. Human beings are now the most numerous mammal on the planet. Unlike other mammals, we are highly adaptable, so we're not confined to a specific habitat; and we have this enormous capacity through our brain to create technology, which gives us enormous muscle power at being able to extract materials and resources from around the Earth. So as we approach the end of the millennium, we find that our own species is in that terrible phase of exponential growth when our numbers are skyrocketing. We're adding three more people to the planet's population every second. That's over a quarter of a million human beings a day; it's over ninety million people a year. Human populations are skyrocketing at the very same time that our capacity to produce food is declining. We're losing on the order of twenty-four billion tons of agricultural topsoil a year-equivalent to the entire wheat-growing capacity of Australia. Of course, a great deal of the technological optimists would say, "Well, we've got biotechnology and we'll be able to increase production of food massively to feed the world's starving millions." That's an absurd claim for which there's absolutely no evidence.

68. ANIMALNET JULY 6, 1999 Spain-Trout Hantavirus Warning Issued to feed or handle wild rodents and to take extra precautions when cleaning up endangered AND threatened WILDLIFE AND PLANTS; PROPOSED RULE TO REMOVE http://archives.foodsafetynetwork.ca/animalnet/1999/7-1999/an-07-06-99-01.txt

69. ANIMALNET JANUARY 3, 2001 II Antibiotic Resistance How Wild in faecal bacteria from wild rodents living in northwest England1. endangered AND threatened WILDLIFE AND PLANTS; REOPENING OF COMMENT PERIOD ON THE http://archives.foodsafetynetwork.ca/animalnet/2001/1-2001/an-01-03-01-02.txt

70. California State Senate Republican Caucus Additions to the endangered or threatened species list could have activity forendangered species give birds, insects, rodents and weeds greater rights http://republican.sen.ca.gov/opeds/18/oped1583_print.asp

back Roy Ashburn: A Friend of the Oil Industry. For Immediate Release California’s oil industry is vital to the nation. And Kern County leads the state as the top oil and gas producer. I am pleased to represent one of the nation’s top oil producing counties. As a legislator, my goals include fighting against the threat of increased regulations and taxes, and for workers’ compensation and endangered species reform. That is why I am working on two measures this year that will benefit the oil industry. The first bill, AB 975, would make important reforms to current workers’ compensation law. Every year, thousands of people are injured in the workplace. While most workers are hurt due to honest mistakes or misfortune, many are injured because they are drunk or under the influence of illegal drugs. Even when an injured employee tests positive for drugs or alcohol immediately after an accident, current law requires employers to pay benefits anyway. The only way an employer can avoid paying the claim in a situation like this is to prove that the accident was a result of the employee being impaired by drugs or alcohol. Often it is less expensive for an employer to pay a claim than to fight it in court. AB 975 would correct this problem by shifting the burden of proving fault of a workplace injury from the employer to the employee when the employee was under the influence of illegal drugs or alcohol when the injury occurred.

71. WHOOPING CRANE, Grus Americana, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Source endangered and threatened Species of the Southeastern United States (TheRed Book) They feed on insects, frogs, rodents, small birds, minnows, http://endangered.fws.gov/i/b/sab6t.html

U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE DIVISION OF ENDANGERED SPECIES SPECIES ACCOUNTS Source: Endangered and Threatened Species of the Southeastern United States (The Red Book) FWS Region 4 As of 1/95 WHOOPING CRANE Grus americana FAMILY: Gruidae STATUS: Endangered, Federal Register , March 11, 1967 Florida Experimental Population, Federal Register , January 22, 1993 DESCRIPTION: REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT: RANGE AND POPULATION LEVEL: The historic range of the whooping crane once extended from the Arctic coast south to central Mexico, and from Utah east to New Jersey, into South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. The historic breeding range once extended across the north-central United States and in the Canadian provinces, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta. A separate non-migratory breeding population occurred in southwestern Louisiana. The current nesting range of the self-sustaining natural wild population is restricted to Wood Buffalo National Park in Canada and the current wintering grounds of this population are restricted to the Texas Gulf Coast at Aransas National Wildlife Refuge and vicinity. In June 1994, this population was estimated at 146 individuals. In 1975, an effort to establish a second, self-sustaining migratory flock was initiated by transferring wild whooping crane eggs from Wood Buffalo National Park to the nests of greater sandhill cranes at Grays Lake National Wildlife Refuge in Idaho. This Rocky Mountain population peaked at 33 birds in 1985, but declined to only seven birds in 1994. Pilot studies are being conducted to reintroduce whooping cranes to a migratory situation by bonding captive-reared chicks with wild cross-fostered adults, which would teach the chicks appropriate survival techniques and a migration pathway.

72. BISON Species Account 050273 and Arizona (including all threatened, endangered and sensitive species). Zinc phosphide is highly toxic to rodents (USDA, 1994)*09* and (Johnson http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/states/nmex_main/species/050273.htm

050273 Harquahala Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae subsimilis (AZ) Biota Information System Of New Mexico BISON version 1/2004 BISON contains accounts for all vertebrate and many invertebrate species of wildlife occurring in New Mexico and Arizona (including all threatened, endangered and sensitive species). Many accounts are incomplete although new information is being added continuously. Errors do occur. Users are cautioned to refer back to the original cited source to assess completeness and correctness before using the information. The database is completely searchable when installed on stand-alone personal computers, and limited searches are available at http://nmnhp.unm.edu/bisonm/bisonquery.php. Accounts can be accessed directly at http://www.cmiweb.org/states/. Web updates are intermittent, not continuous, therefore some dynamic information such as legal status may not be absolutely current. Numbers listed under "References" and numbers enclosed by asterisks (e.g., *43*) refer to reference numbers in the last section of the account (i.e., REFERENCES) and indicate the source of the information. If you have questions or want to report errors, please contact Leland Pierce, New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, Santa Fe, NM; e-mail ljspierce@state.nm.us.

73. CPC Plant Profile - National Collection Of Endangered Plants Nutria (aquatic rodents) eating stalks endangered, threatened, and RareWetland Plants and Animals of the Continental United States. http://www.centerforplantconservation.org/ASP/CPC_ViewProfile.asp?CPCNum=4456

74. Rodents rodents are relatively small animals that have a single pair of constantly growingincisor Listed as endangered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. http://www.outdooralabama.com/watchable-wildlife/what/Mammals/Rodents/

Search Alabama Birding Trails Alabama Birding Trails Map Tennessee Valley Talon Trail Highland Flyers Trail ... Southeastern Pocket Gopher Rodents are relatively small animals that have a single pair of constantly growing incisor teeth specialized for gnawing. Because the incisors are enameled on the front only, the working of upper teeth against lower ones wears away the softer inner surfaces more rapidly, producing a sharp, beveled edge ideal for gnawing. Incisors grow throughout the animals life (if they didn't they would be worn away), and rodents must gnaw enough to keep them from growing too long. Rodents have bulbous eyes on the sides of the head, which enable them to see forward or behind, detecting danger over a wide arc. Most, bu not all, have four toes on their forefeet and five on their hindfeet. Most rodents are nocturnal and remain active throughout the year. Squirrels - Family Sciuridae Eastern Chipmunk Tamias striatus . Common. Found statewide, except for extreme southwestern and southeastern regions. Occupies wooded areas with dense canopy and sparsely covered forest floor, open brushy habitats, ravines, deciduous growth along streams, and urban areas. Gestation 31- 32 days; two litters averaging four to five young produced each year. Seeds, nuts, insects, other invertebrates, and fungi are important foods. Lowest Conservation Concern.

75. Carnivores Listed as endangered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Diet includes manyplant and animal species, including rodents, birds, eggs, and carrion. http://www.outdooralabama.com/watchable-wildlife/what/Mammals/Carnivores/

Search Alabama Birding Trails Alabama Birding Trails Map Tennessee Valley Talon Trail Highland Flyers Trail ... River Otter Carnivores vary greatly in size and appearance. The name is somewhat misleading, however, for while many carnivores live mainly on fresh killed prey, others are omnivorous eating a great deal of vegetation. All have three pairs of relatively small incisors on the upper and lower jaws, and large strong canines. Most have one annual litter with offspring born blind and requiring a relaively extended period of parental care. Carnivores generally live on land, but some spend part of nearly all of their time in water. Wolves, Dogs, Foxes, and Jackals - Family Canidae Coyote Canis latrans . Found statewide, including urban areas. Common in all habitats. Usually breeds February-March. Gestation about 60 days; litter size about six. Diet extremely varied and includes rodents, rabbits, birds, eggs, many kinds of fruits, domestic poultry, livestock, and watermelons. Lowest Conservation Concern. Red Wolf Canis rufus Extirpated.

76. Chwptxt threatened AND endangered PLANTS AND ANIMALS IN MIXEDGRASS PRAIRIE. Manitoba sendangered Species Act (1990) protects plant and animal species that are http://www.naturenorth.com/summer/mgp/endtxt.html

THREATENED AND ENDANGERED PLANTS AND ANIMALS IN MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE Manitoba's Endangered Species Act (1990) protects plant and animal species that are considered endangered or threatened within Manitoba. Under the Act, native species threatened with extinction are classified as "endangered". Native species likely to become endangered or found in low numbers are classified as "threatened". A species is considered "vulnerable" if it is found in low numbers or restricted areas but is not yet threatened. Vulnerable species are not protected under the Act. The following mixed-grass prairie species are recognized and protected as endangered or threatened in Manitoba. Small white lady's slipper (Cypripedium candidum) The small white lady's slipper is an endangered orchid found in wet meadows in fewer than 10 locations in southern Manitoba. It grows in clumps, blooming briefly in late May or early June. Like many orchids, the small white lady's slipper cannot reproduce without the presence of a companion fungus, nor can the mature plants live without a symbiotic fungus found within its root system. It is unlawful to pick, dig or disturb the surroundings of this plant.

77. Endangered And Threatened Species Of Pennsylvania they move to higher, drier old fields or meadows nearby to feed on rodentsand insects. REASON FOR BEING endangered Never common in Pennsylvania, http://sites.state.pa.us/PA_Exec/Fish_Boat/endangered/endange3.htm

Eastern Massasauga Sistrurus catenatus catenatus photo by Robert T. Zappalorti maximum length- 20 to 30 inches IDENTIFYING CHARACTERISTICS: The massasauga is the smallest of venomous snakes. Most individuals are 20 to 30 inches in length (record: 39 1/2 inches). Unlike the larger, black tailed timber rattlesnake, the massasauga's tail is ringed with dark brown or black, and the top of its head is covered with nine large scales (plates) like our nonvenomous snakes. The belly is black, irregularly marked with pale yellow or white. The tail is tipped with yellow in the young and bears a small, but well-developed rattle. BIOLOGY-NATURAL HISTORY: Massasaugas hibernate in water-saturated sites, six to 24 inches underground, although some remain active through the winter, raising their heads above the water in which they may lie. Crayfish burrows may be used to gain access to these winter quarters, from which the snakes emerge in mid-April. After feeding on frogs and crayfish and sunning for about a month, they move to higher, drier old fields or meadows nearby to feed on rodents and insects. Females with developing young may bask together in drier areas until birth of their young in August or early September. Females reach breeding age at two years and give birth to an average of six or seven young every other year. Hibernation begins in mid-October; young may enter hibernation later than adults.

78. Comprehensive Report Species - Neotamias Quadrivittatus Australis Informal Taxonomy Animals, Vertebrates Mammals - rodents endangered andThreatened Wildlife and Plants; Animal Candidate Review for Listing as http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Tamias quadri

79. North American Wolves Gray Wolf Recovery. The Wolves POTD Gray wolves are listed under the endangered Species Act as endangered in the Service reclassified wolves from endangered to threatened throughout a http://www.northamericanwolves.com/gray_wolf_recovery.html

Welcome to North American Wolves Pic of the Day! North American Wolves Daily Wolf Pics North American Wolves .Com reflects my own interest in Wolves. The site will show a new picture relating to the North American Wolf every day. Note: Archive has been reset and the new series of pics begins May 5th 2003 You can also browse the archives and review previous pics of the day. Be sure to bookmark the site and enjoy your visit. Enter North American Wolves View the Pic of The Day Gray Wolf Recovery Gray wolves have evoked a variety of responses from humans throughout history. Most Native Americans revered gray wolves, trying to emulate their cunning hunting abilities. However, wolves became nearly extinct in the lower 48 states in the early part of the 20th Century because settlers believed wolves caused widespread livestock losses. Constantly persecuted and targeted by predator eradication programs sponsored by the Federal government, wolves have been pursued with more passion and determination than any other animal in U.S. history. By the time wolves were finally protected by the Endangered Species Act of 1973, they had been exterminated from the lower 48 states except for a few hundred inhabiting extreme northeastern Minnesota and a small number on Isle Royale, Michigan. Second only to humans in their adaptation to climate extremes, gray wolves were equally at home in the deserts of Israel, the deciduous forests of Wisconsin, and the frozen arctic of Siberia. Within the continental United States, gray wolves once ranged from coast to coast and from Canada to Mexico, but they were absent from areas of the Southeast and East that were occupied by red wolves (Canis rufus).

80. Endangered Birds Of NJ In 1970, the Service listed the peregrine falcon as endangered under the It mainly catches fish but may occasionally eat small rodents and birds. http://library.thinkquest.org/5736/birds.htm

BIRDS Click on any of the bird species below to get information BALD EAGLE BOBOLINK BLACK SKIMMER PIPING PLOVER ... GREAT BLUE HERON BOBOLINK- (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) BALD EAGLE - (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) (USFWS file photo) One of New Jersey's greatest success stories is the Bald Eagle, a species that was brought "back from the brink" of extinction in N.J. This bird is believed to live over thirty years in the wild and longer in captivity. Also called the "American eagle". New Jersey's bald eagle population continued to grow during the 1995 nesting season as 11 pairs nested. Nine of the pairs were successful at raising 20 young. Nests occurred at Bear Swamp, Belleplain State Forest, Cohansey River, Mannington Meadow, Newport, Maurice River, Raccoon Creek/Gibbstown, Stow Creek, Union Lake, Wading River and Round Valley Reservoir. All of the nests, with the exception of the Round Valley nest, are located within the Inner and Outer Coastal Plain of South Jersey. Bald eagles are very sensitive to disturbances, and will abandon their nest sites if people come too close to the nest. Most nests are on private land, and the landowners are the main protectors of nest sites. The state's most productive nest is the Stow Creek pair. This pair has produced three young in three of the past four seasons. In 1998, 14 active pairs (tying 1996's post DDT high) fledged 17 young!

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