21. Indigenous Peoples And Globalisation: Eduardo Tamayo of 10 people headed by the quechua indigenous leader Humberto Cholango, The indigenous peoples are suffering the consequences of globalisation, http://www.solidaridadesrebeldes.kolgados.com.ar/article.php3?id_article=12

22. Diplomacy Monitor: Indigenous Peoples PROMOTING HUMAN SECURITY AND REDUCING POVERTY AMONG indigenous peoples IN PAPUA, CHARTER TRANSLATED INTO quechua indigenous peoples, PERU, ARGENTINA http://www.diplomacymonitor.com/stu/dm.nsf/issued?openform&cat=Indigenous_People

23. Peru Indigenous Peoples - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resour The word indio, as applied to native highland people of quechua and Aymara origin, No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Peru indigenous peoples http://www.photius.com/countries/peru/society/peru_society_indigenous_peoples.ht

Country Ranks INDEX for Peru Society ... Feedback Peru Indigenous Peoples http://www.photius.com/countries/peru/society/peru_society_indigenous_peoples.html Sources: The Library of Congress Country Studies; CIA World Factbook Back to Peru Society The word indio , as applied to native highland people of Quechua and Aymara origin, carries strong negative meanings and stereotypes among non-native Peruvians. For that reason, the ardently populist Velasco regime attempted with some success to substitute the term peasant (campesino) to accompany the many far-reaching changes his government directed at improving the socioeconomic conditions in the highlands. Nevertheless, traditional usage has prevailed in many areas in reference to those who speak native languages, dress in native styles, and engage in activities defined as native. Peruvian society ascribes to them a caste status to which no one else aspires. The ingrained attitudes and stereotypes held by the mistikuna (the Quechua term for mestizo people) toward the runakuna (native peoplethe Quechua term for themselves) in most highland towns have led to a variety of discriminatory behaviors, from mocking references to "brute" or "savage" to obliging native Americans to step aside, sit in the back of vehicles, and in general humble themselves in the presence of persons of higher status. The pattern of ethnoracist denigration has continued despite all of the protests and reports, official policies, and compelling accounts of discrimination described in Peruvian novels published since the beginning of the twentieth century.

24. Indigenous People Of The Andes Reinventing the communal tradition indigenous peoples, civil society, Contemporary quechua indigenous Culture of Highland Peru Annotated Bibliography http://lanra.anthro.uga.edu/courses/anth8400/andes-bib.html

Bibliography Under construction! Bebbington, A. 2000. Reencountering development: Livelihood transitions and place transformations in the Andes. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 90:495-520. . 2001. Globalized Andes? Livelihoods, landscapes and development. Ecumene 8:414-436. Bebbington, A., and T. Perreault. 1999. Social capital, development, and access to resources in highland Ecuador. Economic Geography 75:395-418. Boelens, R., and B. Doornbos. 2001. The battlefield of water rights: Rule making amidst conflicting normative frameworks in the Ecuadorian highlands. Human Organization 60:343-355. Carroll, T., and A. Bebbington. 2002. Peasant federations and rural development in the Andes (vol 33, pg 435, 2000). Policy Sciences 35:121-121. Crider, G. S. 1999. The two-headed household: Gender and rural development in the Ecuadorean Andes. Labor History 40:583-584. Gero, J. 2000. Food, gender, and poverty in the Ecuadorian Andes. Latin American Antiquity 11:212-213.

25. Indigenous People Of The Andes WEEK 1 indigenous peoples of the AndesReading for August 28, 2002 The Contemporary quechua indigenous Culture of Highland Peru An Annotated http://lanra.anthro.uga.edu/courses/anth8400/readings.html

Readings To comply with the quota (file size) limit of the WebCT, old readings are taken out to be archived, see Milan if you need a copy WEEK 1: Indigenous Peoples of the Andes-Reading for August 28, 2002 Orlove, Benjamin. 1985. The History of the Andes: A Brief Overview. Mountain Research and Development. 5(1): 45-60. Adam Henne Salomon, Frank. 1982. Andean Ethnology in the 1970s: A Retrospective. Latin American Research Review. 17(2): 75-128. Rebecca Witter Murra, John. 1984. Andean Societies. Annual Reviews of Anthropology. 13:119-41. Juana Camacho Murra, John.1970. Current Research and Prospects in Andean Ethnohistory. Latin American Research Review. 3-36. Will Van de Berg or Laura (if returned) Steward, Julian. 1946-59. Indians of South America. Vol. 2. The Andean Civilizations. Look over the entire volume to get an idea of the diversity of Andean groups. Select one chapter on indigenous peoples of the Andes to present in class (Contemporary Quechua, Aymara, or Highland Tribes of Southern Colombia). Carlos Tapia

26. Info 21: Indigenous Resources On The Internet IDRC Publications Working with indigenous Knowledge quechua Language Homepage indigenous peoples, indigenous Knowledge and Innovations and the http://www.undp.org/info21/sector/s-c-indi.html

The Netherlands Organization for International Cooperation in Higher Education (Nuffic) Programmes and Projects for Human Resources and Institutional Development Indigenous Knowledge Centre for International Research and Advisory Networks (CIRAN) ... Dialogue Between Nations : an interactive global communications network hosting an ongoing educational forum for the self-representation of the world's 300 million Indigenous Peoples and their nations in relation to the goals of the United Nations International Decade of the World's Indigenous Peoples and the United Nations International Decade for Human Rights Education (1995-2004) ( Chiapas Media Project : a bi-national partnership that provides video and computer equipment and training to marginalised indigenous communities in Chiapas, Mexico CMP Videotapes Project Reports IDRC Publications: Working with Indigenous Knowledge Quechua Language Homepage (Internet Quechua Lessons): Quechua ("qheshwa") is an indigenous language of the Andean region, spoken by approximately 13 million people in Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Northern Chile, Argentina, and Southern Colombia Indigenous Knowledge and Development Monitor : aims at all those with an interest in the role of indigenous knowledgealso known as local or traditional knowledgein participatory approaches to sustainable development and provides an instrument for the exchange of information, a platform for debate on the concept of indigenous knowledge in a variety of disciplines and an overview of activities in the field of indigenous knowledge and sustainable development

27. MSN Encarta - Native Americans Of Middle And South America indigenous peoples also struggle with governments and rival users over the controland By 1990 quechua village rondas (militias) played a major role in http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_701509044_22/Native_Americans_of_Middle_and_

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Sign In Web Search: Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Upgrade your Encarta Experience Spend less time searching and more time learning. Learn more Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Related Items ancient civilizations – Aztec ancient civilizations – Inca more... Further Reading Editors' picks for Native Americans of Middle and South America Search for books and more related to Native Americans of Middle and South America Encarta Search Search Encarta about Native Americans of Middle and South America Editors' Picks Great books about your topic, Native Americans of Middle and South America ... Click here Advertisement document.write(' Page 22 of 23 Native Americans of Middle and South America Encyclopedia Article Multimedia 106 items Article Outline Introduction Culture Areas History Native Americans Today B Efforts to Control Natural Resources Indigenous peoples also struggle with governments and rival users over the control and use of natural resources. Mineral development is a frequent issue, particularly in countries where the law reserves all rights to minerals below Earth’s surface for the state. A prolonged struggle in the early 1990s over oil rights pitted petroleum giants and the Ecuadorian government against the tiny Huaorani ethnic group and its international allies, who fought the issue to a draw. The Mexican Huave also took on their government concerning oil pollution. In 1989 Brazilian Kayap³ protested against a huge dam and besieged Congress in their feather crowns. They became instant media icons. These successful actions show how small indigenous groups have sometimes become powerful actors in the struggle over natural resources.

28. MSN Encarta - Native Americans Of Middle And South America indigenous peoples in Middle and South America today make up a large majority of all By the 1990s the largest single body of people who knew quechua, http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_701509044_21/Native_Americans_of_Middle_and_

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Sign In Web Search: Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Upgrade your Encarta Experience Spend less time searching and more time learning. Learn more Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Related Items ancient civilizations – Aztec ancient civilizations – Inca more... Further Reading Editors' picks for Native Americans of Middle and South America Search for books and more related to Native Americans of Middle and South America Encarta Search Search Encarta about Native Americans of Middle and South America Editors' Picks Great books about your topic, Native Americans of Middle and South America ... Click here Advertisement document.write(' Page 21 of 23 Native Americans of Middle and South America Encyclopedia Article Multimedia 106 items Article Outline Introduction Culture Areas History Native Americans Today IV Native Americans Today Print Preview of Section Indigenous peoples in Middle and South America today make up a large majority of all Native Americans throughout the world. At least 400 different groups count themselves as culturally distinct peoples. Some strive to reinforce cultural traditions, while others have shifted toward urban and international ways of life. Some live on land that the government set aside for them, but many more live as peasants in the countryside, or migrate to cities. Diverse as they are, these peoples share a common experience: All of them live in countries that until very recently excluded them from power. Indeed the word

29. Peru - Indigenous Peoples The word indio, as applied to native highland people of quechua and Aymara origin,carries strong negative meanings and stereotypes among nonnative http://countrystudies.us/peru/38.htm

Indigenous Peoples Peru Table of Contents The word indio , as applied to native highland people of Quechua and Aymara origin, carries strong negative meanings and stereotypes among non-native Peruvians. For that reason, the ardently populist Velasco regime attempted with some success to substitute the term peasant (campesino) to accompany the many far-reaching changes his government directed at improving the socioeconomic conditions in the highlands. Nevertheless, traditional usage has prevailed in many areas in reference to those who speak native languages, dress in native styles, and engage in activities defined as native. Peruvian society ascribes to them a caste status to which no one else aspires. The ingrained attitudes and stereotypes held by the mistikuna (the Quechua term for mestizo people) toward the runakuna (native peoplethe Quechua term for themselves) in most highland towns have led to a variety of discriminatory behaviors, from mocking references to "brute" or "savage" to obliging native Americans to step aside, sit in the back of vehicles, and in general humble themselves in the presence of persons of higher status. The pattern of ethnoracist denigration has continued despite all of the protests and reports, official policies, and compelling accounts of discrimination described in Peruvian novels published since the beginning of the twentieth century.

30. LANGUAGES-ON-THE-WEB: BEST QUECHUA LINKS Runasimi Llikanpi quechua on the Net. Barry indigenous peoples in Peru onAbya Yala Net (Excite) abyayala.nativeweb.org/cultures/peru/index.php http://www.languages-on-the-web.com/links/link-quechua.htm

languages-on-the-web is now www.lonweb.org The page you are looking for is now HERE

31. Forum 2004 - Documents: Indigenous Youth Conference indigenous peoples demand that their collective rights and the right toselfdetermination Mirian Masaquiza, speaking for the quechua People in Ecuador, http://www.barcelona2004.org/eng/banco_del_conocimiento/documentos/ficha.cfm?idD

32. Indigenous Peoples And Poverty: The Cases Of Bolivia, Guatemala, Honduras And Ni World Bank, indigenous People in Latin America, HRD Discrimination Notes, used by the Aymara, quechua and Uru peoples of the Bolivian highlands. http://www.minorityrights.org/Dev/mrg_dev_title12_LatinAmerica/mrg_dev_title12_L

printer friendly version Notes 2. World Bank, Indigenous People in Latin America, HRD Discrimination Notes, Human Resources Development and Operations Policy, no. 8, 1993. 3. 'Indigenous communities, peoples and nations are those which, having a historical continuity with pre-invasion and pre-colonial societies that developed on their territories, consider themselves distinct from other sectors of the society now prevailing in those territories, or parts of them. They form at present non-dominant sectors of society and are determined to preserve, develop, and transmit to future generations their ancestral territories, and their ethnic identity, as the basis of their continued existence as peoples, in accordance with their own cultural patterns, social institutions and legal systems'. (UN Doc.No.E/CN.4/Sub.2/1986/87). 4. THOA, Bolivia. 5. Measuring Poverty at the Global Level, www.worldbank.org/poverty/mission/wp2.htm 6. World Bank, Draft Operational Policy (OP 4.10).

33. INTERNATIONAL DAY OF WORLD’S INDIGENOUS PEOPLE TO BE OBSERVED ON 9 Peruko Ccopacatty (Aymara/quechua, Lake Titicaca), an indigenous elder and sculptor It covers the history of indigenous peoples at the United Nations, http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2005/Note_No._5956.doc.htm

34. Resource Centre For The Rights Of Indigenous Peoples Advances on paper no guarantee of real progress for indigenous peoples The quechua, Aymara and Guaraní Indians are the largest ethnic groups in Bolivia http://www.galdu.org/english/index.php?odas=485

35. The Magazine Of The ILO: WORLD OF WORK No. 40 - Indigenous And Tribal Peoples An 40 indigenous and Tribal peoples and the ILO - Department of Communication . quechua, for example is currently spoken by a growing number of people in http://www.ilo.org/public/english/bureau/inf/magazine/40/tribal.htm

Communication Archived articles WORLD OF WORK No. 40, August 2001 Convention No. 169: 10 years after? Indigenous and Tribal Peoples and the ILO This year marks the 10 th anniversary of one of the most significant attempts ever made to come to grips with the problems and prospects of the world's estimated 300 million indigenous and tribal peoples. In 1991, the ILO's Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 (No.169) came into force. This series of articles looks at selected groups of indigenous and tribal peoples on four continents, and considers how they have fared in the past decade They are the peoples whose residence on the land dates back to time immemorial, or they are those whose cultures and lifestyles take them outside the mainstream of national development. From the Arctic Circle to Latin America, Africa and Asia, an estimated 300 million indigenous and tribal peoples today live in over 70 countries worldwide. They are often among the most vulnerable and marginalized people in those countries. Economic and social exclusion have shunted them to the lowest rung of the health, work and societal ladder or exposed them to inordinate suffering in times of natural disaster and war. For them, development, when it is undertaken without consideration of their specific cultures, languages and traditions, is inappropriate to their needs and priorities, and in some cases constitutes a threat, displacing them from their traditional lands and cutting vital economic, spiritual and cultural links.

36. Andean Indigenous Carnival Comes To The City Descendants of the Atacameño, quechua, Kolla and Aymará indigenous peoples stilllive in Chile, and some continue to practice traditional farming methods http://www.lacaravana.org/nueva/english/herenow/cerrob.htm

Andean Indigenous Carnival Comes to the City Daniela Estrada SANTIAGO, Feb 10 (IPS) - For the second year in a row, the Chilean capital is hosting an Andean Carnival held to pay tribute to Mother Earth and celebrate the ancestral traditions of the indigenous peoples of Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador and northern Argentina and Chile. Arce is also one of the people responsible for bringing these traditionally rural celebrations to the capital city. The Carnival will take place Feb. 12 and 13 on a hill known as Cerro Blanco, in the district of Recoleta on the northside of Santiago. The area is home to a large number of Peruvian and Bolivian immigrants, who will be active participants in the activities scheduled. The Carnival is traditionally held to give thanks to Pachamama the name for Mother Earth in the Quechua language for everything that she has provided during the previous year. To show their gratitude, those who honour Pachamama must respect nature and live in harmony with those around them. A total of 300 participants are expected, of all ages and from all social sectors, including Andean indigenous peoples and their descendants and other members of the general public.

37. Knowledge Centre | Dev-Zone indigenous peoples websites. and library resources for the following Chileanindigenous peoples Aymara, quechua, Atacameno, Kolla, Rapa Nui, Mapuche, http://www.dev-zone.org/knowledge/Society_and_Culture/Indigenous_Peoples/Website

Knowledge Centre Library Just Change Magazine Development Work ... Indigenous Peoples : Websites Knowledge Centre Home New Resources Search Suggest a Resource to Here ... Modify a Resource to Here Links Being Indigenous Being Indigenous is a project supported by Chilean Indigenous People Department under The National Council of Culture and Arts - Chile. This website provides videos, images, music, links, and library resources for the following Chilean indigenous peoples: Aymara, Quechua, Atacameno, Kolla, Rapa Nui, Mapuche, Kawesqar, Yagan, Diaguita, Aonikenk, Selk'nam. Anthropologists, artists, journalists and members of the indigenous communities have contributed with their knowledge and practices about the Chilean Ancestral Cultures. http://www.beingindigenous.org/ (Added: Tue Dec 16 2003 Hits: 51) Black GST Campaign The Black GST campaign to boycott and protest at the 2006 Melbourne "Stolenwealth" Games was launched on 26th January 2005 in Melbourne. http://www.kooriweb.org/gst/stolenwealth.html (Added: Mon Feb 21 2005 Hits: 30) Indigenous Biz "The global indigenous business portal" http://www.indigenousbiz.org

38. Choike : Indigenous Peoples . ILRC is dedicated to the protection of indigenous peoples’ human rights, quechua Network. Organization whose funtamental objective is to provide http://www.choike.org/nuevo_eng/4/34/more2.html

var category = '4'; var subcategory = '34'; Directory NGO sites This site Directory In-depth Reports Campaigns News ... CONTACT Categorias(category); SubCategorias(category,subcategory); Indigenous Peoples recommended Indian Law Resource Center ILRC is dedicated to the protection of indigenous peoples’ human rights, cultures, and traditional lands. The Center provides legal and technical support to indigenous communities working on these issues. Tebtebba Tebtebba Foundation is committed to the recognition, protection and promotion of indigenous peoples' rights worldwide. Kaitiaki - Maori Environmental and Heritage Guardians The site works on behalf of whanau, hapu and iwi, particularly on environment and resource management issues. New Zealand. NGO sites Indigenous Peoples in Brazil Indigenous organizations and policies, demarcation of lands, rights, etc. Brazil. Indigenous Peoples of Africa Co-ordinating Committee - IPACC Network of indigenous peoples organisation in Africa. IPACC has over 70 members around the continent and its Annual General meeting is held during the UN Working Group on Indigenous Populations (UNWGIP) in Geneva, Switzerland each year. Every second year the membership elects a representative body which functions as the IPACC Executive. Indigenous Rigths Program Program from the Indigenous Studies Institute at Universidad de la Frontera, in Temuco. Chile.

39. Indigenous/Native English/Español/quechua. indigenous peoples Overview Overview on Mexicanindigenous peoples. Lacandon (Hach Winik) Links for the indigenous peoples of http://www.lasculturas.com/lib/libNative.php

Indigenous/Native Resources on the indigenous cultures and influences in Latin America. Abya Yala Net A wonderful find, networking Indigenous people and issues throughout the Americas. Ancient Meso-American Writing A look at early Meso-American writing systems. Cultures of the Andes Cultural and language resources for Quechua, native to the Andes. [English/Español/Quechua] Indigenous Peoples: Overview Overview on Mexican Indigenous peoples. Lacandon (Hach Winik) Links for the indigenous peoples of the Chiapas region in Mexico. Languages Learning and understanding the Indigenous languages from throughout the Americas. Maya Index of Resources References on the Mayan culture and people from your About.com guide on travel to Mexico. Mestizaje and Indigenous Identities An examination of the indigenous identity in the Hispanic New World. Mexi'cayotl Indio Cultural Center An organization dedicated to preserving the Native American heritage of southwestern US and Mexico. Ollinkoatl's Page Gathering as much information as he can about information about the Mexika - the Mexican Indigenous.

40. Quechua - An Introduction To The Indigenous Languages Of The Americas Covers particularly the languages of the Andes (quechua, Aymara, Jaqaru, Puquina), Where the social position of the indigenous peoples was not actual http://www.shef.ac.uk/q/quechua/i_INTRO.HTM

Introduction to the Indigenous Languages of Latin America particularly in the Andes origins, history, place in society, endangerment, relationships with other languages Contents The Languages: Exotic and Different Who Speaks the Andean Languages? How Do They Live? Origins: The Americas Before the European Conquest The Old World Meets the New ... References For a clickable map , and for a few very brief details on particular languages, some of which are not much covered here, you might also want to check out Beatriz Dukes’ webpage on Indigenous Languages of South America To print out these pages, I recommend you save this file as a webpage and then open it in Word (or in later versions of Internet Explorer, do File – Edit with Microsoft Word. You can then print it out as a Word document: the current settings are for A4 format paper (i.e. not Letter or Legal), you can change that under File – Page Setup in Word. Back to Homepage Back to Contents skip to Next section The Languages: ‘Exotic’ and Different There are three main points to get over right from the start. Firstly one must realise just how different Latin America is from the West, and secondly that in itself, Latin America is an enormously diverse place. Thirdly, when it comes to the languages spoken in Latin America today, it is Spanish, and in Brazil Portuguese, that are unquestionably the mainstream, dominant languages of the continent. Out of a total population of something like 400 million people in Latin America, probably less than 30 million people speak indigenous languages, and most of these people are in any case bilingual in either Spanish or Portuguese.

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