61. Supercomputer Applications pvm is a computing environment that will allow a master program to run Debugging pvm programs can be difficult at times because slave processes are http://www.tjhsst.edu/~dhyatt/superap/pvm3.html

PARALLEL VIRTUAL MACHINE A Parallel Programming Environment for UNIX Workstations Essentials of PVM 1.0 Introduction PVM is a computing environment that will allow a "master" program to run parallel "slave" processes on other computers. The programmer must decide how to design the code in order to take advantage of increased speed through concurrent computation, but not lose too much time to overhead since processes must communicate by passing messages over a network. Debugging PVM programs can be difficult at times because slave processes are not able to print information to the programmer's screen since they are running on remote systems. Sometimes programmers will write debugging messages to a file, but that can be difficult too because all the processes may share the same file space on the network. Therefore, the programmer must consider how to avoid having two or more processes try to write to the same file at the same time. It is best to write error-free code that runs perfectly on the first compilation so that there is no need to debug. (Ha! Ha!!) 2.0 Setting up the Environment

62. 2.9 PVM Applications Whenever a pvm program asks for nodes (machines), the request is forwarded If a machine needs to leave the pool, the pvm program is notified by normal http://www.cs.wisc.edu/condor/manual/v6.6/2_9PVM_Applications.html

Next: 2.10 MPI Applications Up: 2. Users' Manual Previous: 2.8 Java Applications Contents Index Subsections 2.9.1 Effective Usage: the Master-Worker Paradigm 2.9.2 Binary Compatibility and Runtime Differences 2.9.3 Sample PVM submit file 2.9 PVM Applications Applications that use PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine) may use Condor. PVM offers a set of message passing primitives for use in C and C++ language programs. The primitives, together with the PVM environment allow parallelism at the program level. Multiple processes may run on multiple machines, while communicating with each other. More information about PVM is available at http://www.epm.ornl.gov/pvm/ Condor-PVM provides a framework to run PVM applications in Condor's opportunistic environment. Where PVM needs dedicated machines to run PVM applications, Condor does not. Condor can be used to dynamically construct PVM virtual machines from a Condor pool of machines. In Condor-PVM, Condor acts as the resource manager for the PVM daemon. Whenever a PVM program asks for nodes (machines), the request is forwarded to Condor. Condor finds a machine in the Condor pool using usual mechanisms, and adds it to the virtual machine. If a machine needs to leave the pool, the PVM program is notified by normal PVM mechanisms. NOTE : Condor-PVM is an optional Condor module. It is not automatically installed with Condor. To check and see if it has been installed at your site, enter the command:

63. 2.9 Parallel Applications In Condor: Condor-PVM Then we give some hints on how to write good pvm programs to suit the Condor Whenever your pvm program asks for nodes (machines), the request is http://cluster.yars.free.net/condor-V6_1-Manual/2_9Parallel_Applications.html

Next: 2.10 Interjob Dependencies: DAGMan Up: 2. Users' Manual Previous: 2.8 Priorities in Condor Subsections 2.9.1 What does Condor-PVM do? 2.9.2 The Master-Worker Paradigm 2.9.3 Binary Compatibility 2.9.4 Runtime differences between Condor-PVM and regular PVM ... 2.9.6 Sample PVM submit file 2.9 Parallel Applications in Condor: Condor-PVM Condor has a PVM submit Universe which allows the user to submit PVM jobs to the Condor pool. In this section, we will first discuss the differences between running under normal PVM and running PVM under the Condor environment. Then we give some hints on how to write good PVM programs to suit the Condor environment via an example program. In the end, we illustrate how to submit PVM jobs to Condor by examining a sample Condor submit-description file which submits a PVM job. Note that Condor-PVM is an optional Condor module. To check and see if it has been installed at your site, enter the following command: ls -l `condor_config_val PVMD` (notice the use of backticks in the above command). If this shows the file ``condor_pvmd'' on your system, Condor-PVM is installed. If not, ask your site administrator to download Condor-PVM from http://www.cs.wisc.edu/condor/condor-pvm

64. A Beginner's Guide To PVM Parallel Virtual Machine There are a few elements common to all pvm programs. Every pvm program needs to include a header file (C needs pvm3.h; ) at the beginning. http://www.itec.uni-klu.ac.at/~harald/PVM/pvm_guide.html

A Beginner's Guide to PVM Parallel Virtual Machine Contents Introduction Installing PVM Writing PVM Applications A Simple Example ... Where to get more Information Introduction PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine) is a software environment for heterogeneous distributed computing. It allows a user to create and access a parallel computing system made from a collection of distributed processors, and treat the resulting system as a single virtual machine (hence the name, parallel virtual machine). The hardware in a user's virtual machine may be single processor workstations, vector machines or parallel supercomputers or any combination of those. The individual elements may all be of a single type (homogeneous) or all different (heterogeneous) or any mixture, as long as all machines used are connected through one or more networks. These networks may be as small as a LAN connecting machines in the same room, as large as the Internet connecting machines across the world or any combination. This ability to bring together diverse resources under a central control allows the PVM user to divide a problem into subtasks and assign each one to be executed on the processor architecture that is best suited for that subtask. PVM is based on the message-passing model of parallel programming. Messages are passed between tasks over the connecting networks.

65. 2.9 Parallel Applications In Condor: Condor-PVM The following is a sample pvm program that works well under Condor. It is an extensively commented skeleton of a sample pvm program master_sum.c, http://server11.infn.it/condor/condor-V6_1-Manual/2_9Parallel_Applications.html

Next: 2.10 Running MPICH jobs Up: 2. Users' Manual Previous: 2.8 Priorities in Condor Subsections 2.9.1 Effective Usage: the Master-Worker Paradigm 2.9.2 Binary Compatibility and Runtime Differences 2.9.3 A Sample PVM program for Condor-PVM 2.9.4 Sample PVM submit file 2.9 Parallel Applications in Condor: Condor-PVM Applications that use PVM (Parallel Virtual Machines) may use Condor. PVM offers a set of message passing primitives for use in C and C++ language programs. The primitives, together with the PVM environment allow parallelism at the program level. Multiple processes may run on multiple machines, while communicating with each other. Condor PVM provides a framework to run PVM applications in Condor's opportunistic environment. Where PVM needs dedicated machines to run PVM applications, Condor does not. Condor can be used to dynamically construct PVM virtual machines from a Condor pool of machines. In Condor PVM, Condor acts as the resource manager for the PVM daemon. Whenever your PVM program asks for nodes (machines), the request is re-mapped to Condor. Condor then finds a machine in the Condor pool via the usual mechanisms, and adds it to the PVM virtual machine. If a machine needs to leave the pool, your PVM program is notified of that as well via the normal PVM mechanisms. This section discusses the differences between running under normal PVM and running PVM under the Condor environment. The most effective way to use Condor PVM is presented, along with an example program. A sample Condor submit description file for a PVM job illustrates how to submit a Condor PVM job.

66. XPVM Provides several animated views to monitor the execution of pvm programs. Xpvm generates trace records during pvm program execution. http://www.pdc.kth.se/training/Talks/SMP/maui98/xpvm/xpvm.html

SP Parallel Programming Workshop XPVM Note: This tutorial is no longer being maintained. Some information contained in it may be out of date and/or no longer valid. Table of Contents Overview Functionality Views Miscellaneous ... Exercise Overview Xpvm is an X Windows based, graphical console and monitor for PVM. Provides a graphical user interface to the PVM console commands Provides several animated views to monitor the execution of PVM programs Xpvm generates trace records during PVM program execution. The resulting trace file is used to "playback" a program's execution. The xpvm views provide information about the interactions among tasks in a parallel PVM program, to assist in debugging and performance tuning. Like PVM, xpvm was developed at the Oak Ridge National Lab and is available as public domain software from netlib: http://www.netlib.org/pvm3/index.html Anonymous ftp: to ftp.netlib.org . Look in directory pvm3/xpvm. The file index describes the files in this directory and its subdirectories. Xnetlib: an X-Window interface that allows you to browse or query netlib for available software and to automatically transfer the selected software to your computer. To get xnetlib:

67. SGI TPL (IRIX 6.5: Developer/T_IRIX_Prog - Chapter 14. Message-Passing Paralleli Hence, the process of converting a pvm program into an MPI program can be straightforward A user starts this session before invoking any pvm programs; http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi/srch3@MPI/0650/bks/SGI_De

IRIX 6.5 Books Developer Topics in IRIX Programming (document number: / published: 2004-04-21) table of contents additional info download find in page ... clear highlight Chapter 14. Message-Passing Parallelism Prev Part IV. Models of Parallel Computation Next Chapter 14. Message-Passing Parallelism In a message-passing model, your parallel application consists of multiple, independent processes, each with its own address space. Each process shares data and coordinates with the others by passing messages, using a formal interface. The formal interface makes the program independent of the medium over which the message go. The processes of the program can be in a single computer, with messages moving via memory-to-memory copy; but it is possible to distribute the program in different machines, with messages passing over a network. The Message-Passing Toolkit package supports three libraries on which you can build a message-passing application. The Cray Shared-Memory (SHMEM) library supports message passing in a single system. Message-Passing Interface ( MPI ) and Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) models support distribution. High-level overviews of these are given under

68. The PVM System Application programs written in C and C++ access pvm library functions by linking The final pvm_exit call dissociates the program from the pvm system. http://cch.loria.fr/documentation/local/PvmBook/node17.html

Next: Using PVM Up: PVM: Parallel Virtual Machine Previous: The Linda System The PVM System PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine) is a byproduct of an ongoing heterogeneous network computing research project involving the authors and their institutions. The general goals of this project are to investigate issues in, and develop solutions for, heterogeneous concurrent computing. PVM is an integrated set of software tools and libraries that emulates a general-purpose, flexible, heterogeneous concurrent computing framework on interconnected computers of varied architecture. The overall objective of the PVM system is to to enable such a collection of computers to be used cooperatively for concurrent or parallel computation. Detailed descriptions and discussions of the concepts, logistics, and methodologies involved in this network-based computing process are contained in the remainder of the book. Briefly, the principles upon which PVM is based include the following: User-configured host pool : The application's computational tasks execute on a set of machines that are selected by the user for a given run of the PVM program. Both single-CPU machines and hardware multiprocessors (including shared-memory and distributed-memory computers) may be part of the host pool. The host pool may be altered by adding and deleting machines during operation (an important feature for fault tolerance). Translucent access to hardware: Application programs either may view the hardware environment as an attributeless collection of virtual processing elements or may choose to exploit the capabilities of specific machines in the host pool by positioning certain computational tasks on the most appropriate computers.

69. Parallel Processing On Linux With PVM And MPI LG #65 1 Make file for the demo pvm program 2 .SILENT 3 paths fro pvm include To run the pvm programs, you need to run the pvm daemon which manages the http://www.linuxgazette.com/issue65/joshi.html

"Linux Gazette... making Linux just a little more fun! Parallel Processing on Linux with PVM and MPI By Rahul U. Joshi This article aims to provide an introduction to PVM and MPI, two widely used software systems for implementing parallel message passing programs. They enable us to use a group of heterogeneous UNIX/LINUX computers connected by a network as a single machine for solving a large problem. 1. Introduction to Parallel Processing Parallel processing is a form of computing in which a number of activities are carried out concurrently so that the effective time required to solve the problem is reduced. In the previous days, parallel processing was used for such thing as large scale simulations (e.g. molecular simulations, simulation of the explosion of an atomic bomb etc), solving large number crunching and data processing problems (e.g. compiling the census data) etc. However, as the cost of hardware is decreasing rapidly, parallel processing is being uses more and more in routine tasks. Multiple processor servers have been in existence for a long time. Parallel processing is also used in your own PC too. For example, a graphics processor working along with the main processor to render graphics on your monitor is also a form of parallel processing. However, apart from the hardware facilities for parallel processing, some software support too is required so that we can run the programs in parallel and coordinate their execution. Such a coordination is necessary due to the dependencies of the parallel programs on one other. This will become clearer when we work through an example. The most widely used method to achieve such coordination is

70. Parallel Processing On Linux With PVM And MPI Before the pvm program exits, it must tell the pvm system that it is leaving the Now that you know some basics of a pvm program, let us implement the http://www.linuxgazette.com/book/print/2613

71. Performance Prediction Of PVM Programs - Steed, Clement Introduction In general, a parallel computer is a computer that has multiple processors connected by a communication network and is capable of using all its http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/steed95performance.html

72. PARALLEL COMPUTING - EXERCISE 1 The daemon must be started before pvm programs can be executed. After the daemon is running, you can run pvm programs normally, if programs is called hello, http://www.it.lut.fi/kurssit/04-05/010652100/exercises/exercise_04.html

PARALLEL COMPUTING PARALLEL COMPUTING (010652100) EXERCISE 4 Cluster Instructions Login Login to cluster using ssh. "ssh -l groupXX klonkku.pc.lut.fi", where XX corresponds to group number: group 1 - ryhma01, group 2 - ryhma02. Initial password is 'group'. Group number can be found from the list You can only login from school network (LUT, LNET). If you don't know or remember your group number, consult the assistant (The list on the course web page is incomplete...). After login, change the password of your group ( using command passwd General information Home directories reside in directory /home/groupXX, which is an NFS partition that is accessible from all nodes of the cluster. This home directory is different from school home directory. The preferred shell in the cluster is tcsh. All paths and environment variables are set globally for it, if you want to use other shells, you have to set them manually. The front end machine is called master . Nodes of the cluster are called tyanXX , where XX is 01-08. You can use command rsh to login to different nodes without having to type our password. E.g.

73. Table Of Content Developing pvm programs is typically not an easy undertaking for nontoy problems. The available language bindings for pvm (ie, Fortran, C, and even C++) http://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~ramadan/projects/605/project-summery.html

The project proposal of CS605 (N Queens Problem in JPVM) Adam Ramadan Suqiao Li About JPVM A Brief History of N Queens Applications of N Queens Problem to Mathematics and other Areas Introduction to N Queens Problem Solution Generation Analysis of Backtracking Timing Analysis of N Queens Problem Parallel Implementations Number of Solutions Geometric Transformations Algorithm of N Queens Problem Reference The Java Parallel Virtual Machine JPVM is a PVM-like library of object classes implemented in and for use with the Java Programming language. PVM is a popular message passing interface used in numerous heterogeneous hardware environments ranging from distributed memory parallel machines to networks of workstations. Java is the popular object oriented programming language from Sun Microsystems that has become a hot-spot of development on the Web. JPVM, thus, is the combination of both - ease of programming inherited from Java, high performance through parallelism inherited from PVM. The reasons against are obvious - Java programs suffer from poor performance, running more than 10 times slower than C and Fortran counterparts in a number of tests I ran on simple numerical kernels. Why then would anyone want to do parallel programming in Java? The answer for me lies in a combination of issues including the difficulty of programming - parallel programming in particular, the increasing gap between CPU and communications performance, and the increasing availability of idle workstations. Developing PVM programs is typically not an easy undertaking for non-toy problems. The available language bindings for PVM (i.e., Fortran, C, and even C++) don't make matters any easier. Java has been found to be easy to learn and scalable to complex programming problems, and thus might help avoid some of the incidental complexity in PVM programming, and allow the programmer to concentrate on the inherent complexity - there's enough of that to go around.

74. CPSC 441: Networking pvm is a system used to write distributed programs. A distributed program is one that runs in pieces on a number of networked computers. We will cover pvm http://math.hws.edu/eck/courses/cpsc441_f02.html

CPSC 441: Computer Networks and Distributed Processing Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Hobart and William Smith Colleges Fall, 2002. Instructor: David J. Eck . Monday, Wednesday, Friday, 3:003:55. Room Lansing 300 (or in a lab). About This Course It is hardly necessary to explain the importance of computer networking. It's everywhere. Computer networks are very complex systems, with many levels of organization. It is certainly not possible to learn everything in one term. (Probably not in one lifetime, especially since things seem to change as fast as anyone can learn them.) The key to dealing with this complexity is to learn the basic ideas and fundamental theory of computer networking. I hope that the course will make that possible, while at the same time covering a lot of practical material. The main textbook for this course is Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet, first edition, by James F. Kurose and Keith W. Ross. We will cover some material from each chapter in this book, while skipping some sections along the way. This book comes with access to a Web site, but I will probably not assign any specific readings from the Web site. The other major source of material will be the on-line user's guide for the Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM). PVM is a system used to write distributed programs. A distributed program is one that runs in pieces on a number of networked computers. We will cover PVM during the last two weeks of the term. There will be additional readings from handouts and on-line sources.

75. Volume 17 Integrated static and dynamic analysis of pvm programs with STEPS. H. Krawczyk, B. Wiszniewski, P. Kuzora, M. Neyman, J. Proficz. Abstract. http://www.cai.sk/Volumes/Volume_17_1998_No5.htm

Volume 17, 1998, No. 5 Special Issue on Parallel Programming Environments and Tools Guest Editor: Peter Kacsuk EDDEPPS : an environment for optimal parallel software design T. Delaitre. M.J. Zemerly, G.R. Justo, J. Burgeois, S.C. Winter Abstract. This paper describes an environment for performance-oriented design of portable parallel software. The environment consists of a graphical design tool based on the PVM communication library for building parallel algorithms, a state-of-the-art simulation engine and a visualization tool for animation of program execution and visualization of platform and network performance measures and statistics. The toolset is used to model a virtual machine composed of a cluster of workstations interconnected by a local area network. The simulation model used is modular and its components are interchangeable which allows easy re-configuration of the platform. The model is validated using experiments on the COMMSI benchmark from the Parkbench suite, and a standard image processing algorithm with maximum errors of 1% and 10% respectively. GRADE : a graphical programming environment for multicomputers P. Kacsuk, G. Dózsa, T. Fadfyas, R. Lovas

76. Xab: A Tool For Monitoring PVM Programs Using Xab, pvm programs can easily be instrumented and monitored. Xab uses pvm to monitor pvm programs. This makes Xab very portable but it leads to http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=865218

77. PVM/MPI 2000 The Transition from a pvm Program Simulator to a Heterogeneous System Simulator The Comparison of Different Approaches to Trace pvm Program Execution. http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/pvm/pvm2000.html

PVM/MPI Jack Dongarra Norbert Podhorszki Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1908 Springer 2000, ISBN 3-540-41010-4 BibTeX DBLP Invited Speakers Al Geist PVM and MPI: What Else Is Needed for Cluster Computing?. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Miron Livny Managing Your Workforce on a Computational Grid. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Ewing L. Lusk Isolating and Interfacing the Components of a Parallel Computing Environment. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Thomas L. Sterling Symbolic Computing with Beowulf-Class PC Clusters. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Bernard Tourancheau High Speed Networks for Clusters, the BIP-Myrinet Experience. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Evaluation and Performance Ralf Reussner Gunnar Hunzelmann A Benchmark for MPI Derived Datatypes. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Hermann Mierendorff ... Helmut Schwamborn Working with MPI Benchmarking Suites on ccNUMA Architectures. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Kamil Iskra ... Peter M. A. Sloot Performance Measurements on Dynamite/DPVM. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Sergi Girona ... Rosa M. Badia

78. PVM/MPI 1998 Automatic Detection of pvm Program Performance Problems. 1926 Monitoring pvm Programs Using the DAMS Approach. 273-280 http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/pvm/pvm1998.html

PVM/MPI 1998: Liverpool, UK Vassil N. Alexandrov Jack Dongarra (Eds.): Recent Advances in Parallel Virtual Machine and Message Passing Interface, 5th European PVM/MPI Users' Group Meeting, Liverpool, UK, September 7-9, 1998, Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1497 Springer 1998, ISBN 3-540-65041-5 BibTeX DBLP 1. Evaluation and Performance Marian Bubak Wlodzimierz Funika Kamil Iskra Radoslaw Maruszewski On-Line Performance Monitoring Using OMIS. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Andrea Clematis ... Angelo Corana Performance Analysis of Task-Based Algorithms on Heterogeneous Systems with Message Passing. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Antonio Espinosa ... Emilio Luque Automatic Detection of PVM Program Performance Problems. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Gianluigi Folino ... Domenico Talia Evaluating and Modeling Communication Overhead of MPI Primitives on the Meiko CS-2. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX D. Lancaster ... Tim Oliver A Parallel I/O Test Suite. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Ron Lavi ... Amnon Barak Improving the PVM Daemon Network Performance by Direct Network Access. Electronic Edition Springer LINK BibTeX Ralf Reussner ... Lutz Prechelt SKaMPI: A Detailed, Accurate MPI Benchmark.

79. Chapter 4 PVM Tutorial Example pvm Program. Now we re ready to play with the prime number tester. This program determines which integers in a given range are prime numbers using a http://www.arsc.edu/support/howtos/t3e/PVMTutorial.html

80. WAIS Documents J Proficz Title Integrated static and dynamic analysis of pvm programs with implementation of a distributed debugger for C/pvm programs within the http://144.16.72.189/netlis/wise/search/field3.htm

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