61. Prehistoric Peoples They hunted large herd animals such as mammoths. These animals provided them withfood, and their hides provided shelter and clothing. http://old.bchm.org/Austin/panel1.html

62. Young Naturalists Giants Of The Ice Age - Minnesota Conservaton Whole ecosystems of plants and animals—and prehistoric human mammoths weregrazing animals, consuming vast quantities of vegetation. http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/young_naturalists/pleistocene_megafauna.html

63. Early History Of Virginia Indians For Younger Readers They may have followed animals like mastodons or woolly mammoths which they huntedfor food. prehistoric Native Americans Florida http://falcon.jmu.edu/~ramseyil/vaindiansorigin

Early History of Virginia Indians By Inez Ramsey How Did the Early People Come to the Americas? Related References Lesson Plans How Did the Early People Come to the Americas? Ancestors are people in your family who lived before you, like great-great-grandparents. You are a descendant of your ancestors. The long ago ancestors of our Native Americans, including the Eskimos, may have come from Asia by crossing the Bering Sea at a land bridge between Siberia and Alaska. Thousands of years ago this was dry land. They may have followed animals like mastodons or woolly mammoths which they hunted for food. We call these early people PaleoIndians. Paleo- means "long ago". When did this happen? We don't know. Scientists think it could have been anywhere from 20,000 to 40,000 years ago. Over thousands of years, the descendants of the PaleoIndians spread across the continents into North, Central and South America. The world at that time was in the ice ages . The last great ice age lasted more than 2,500,000 years and ended about 10,000 years ago. There were many plants, insects, birds and animals which do not exist today. At times, glaciers covered almost 30% of the earth. The land which is now the state of Virginia was not covered by the ice sheet. States such as Pennsylvania and New Jersey were.

64. Animal And Plant Fossils Artifacts Collection prehistoric animals. prehistoric Life (Nature’s Hidden World) Understanding andCollecting Rocks and Fossils. Wild and Woolly mammoths http://www.mlb.ilstu.edu/about/depts/tmc/animalpl.htm

The Artifacts Collection TMC REALIA 372A5988A ANIMAL AND PLANT FOSSILS INVENTORY LIST Consists of 2 boxes (pt.1, pt.2) and 1 bag (pt.3) Contents of Artifacts Collections may change slightly as materials are added or lost. BOX Pt.1 Please return all items marked Pt.1 to this box. Books Eyewitness Book: Fossil Fossils (Golden Guide) (4 copies) Fossils (Illinois State Museum) (3 copies) Note: all Prehistoric Zoobook here are in a green plastic holder with a dinosaur imprint on the back. The holder says that Reptiles (vol. 6) and Dinosaurs (vol.7 are missing) (Book 3) Prehistoric Zoobooks: Flyers (Book 8) Prehistoric Zoobooks: Life Begins (Book 1) Prehistoric Zoobooks: Life Expands (Book 2) Prehistoric Zoobooks: Mammals (Book 9) (Part 1) Prehistoric Zoobooks: Mammals (Book 10) (Part 2) Prehistoric Zoobooks: Out of the Water (Book 5) Prehistoric Zoobooks: Swimmers (Book 4) Seashores (Golden Guide) The World We Live In: The First Four Billion Years of Life (volume 1) Magazines National Geographic (bound separately) "Explosion of Life: The Cambrian" (October 1993) "March Toward Extinction" (June 1989) "Fossils: Annals of Life Written in Rock" (August 1985) Time "Forever Amber" (February 12, 1996)

65. Yakima Valley Museum:Time Tunnel The new exhibit will feature scale models and real bones of prehistoric animals . Extinction occurred at the same time as mammoths and Giant Bison in the http://www.yakimavalleymuseum.org/timetunnel/tunnel.html

The new Time Tunnel at the Yakima Valley Museum provides a glimpse of the Yakima Valley 10,000 to 25 million years ago. This was when our present local landscape was formed in a drama of lava flows and great glacial floods. Fossils hidden beneath our feet help reveal the unique animals which lived in the Yakima Valley during those years; mastodons, mammoths, giant camels, tiny horses, huge bison, and even a giant ground sloth. See the Time Tunnel In QuicktimeVR ( Click here Plans began in late 1995 for an exhibition that would tell this story using the museum's collection of fossil animal bones as well as provide opportunities for new educational programs in the nearby Children's Underground hands-on exploration center. With the help of the Kiwanis Club of Yakima and the Yakima Kiwanis Charitable Trust, the development of the Time Tunnel was officially underway in 1996. "Children visiting the museum and Children's Underground often expect to see dinosaur bones" explained David Lynx, Curator of Education. However, when dinosaurs roamed the earth Yakima was underwater, a bay of the Pacific Ocean. No dinosaurs lived here. So Lynx decided that this exhibit would highlight this area's prehistoric past above water; the Pleistocene, when such ice age animals as the mammoth lived in Yakima, and the even earlier Miocene, when central Washington was moist and "tropical" and home to even stranger beasts.

66. Prehistoric Animals Information And Links KeyWorlds.com s collection of prehistoric animals sites and links. Pleistoceneanimals of the Midwestern US Unnatural Museum Of Mastodons, mammoths http://www.keyworlds.com/p/prehistoric_animals.htm

FREE Game Downloads Today's Featured Game FREE Download - Click Here FREE Download - Click Here FREE Download - Click Here ... Animals : Prehistoric Animals Links BBC Online: Walking with Dinosaurs Cretaceous Dinosaurs Dann's Dinosaur Reconstructions Dino Don ... KeyWorlds.com , a Piggyback.com company. Updated Friday, 21 September 2001 at 15:33:29 by LinkMaster Search by keywords: Free Inkjet Cartridge?

67. Human Evolution. Museum Of Natural Sciences Since the Janlet Wing is being renovated, the Of Men and mammoths robot mightmake you think these prehistoric animals are still kicking and alive. http://www.naturalsciences.be/museum/expoperm/prehist/

68. Countrybookshop.co.uk - Mammoths Send information about mammoths to my mobile as an SMS message So, whilethere is doubt about when most prehistoric animals first appeared on earth, http://www.countrybookshop.co.uk/books/index.phtml?whatfor=1593730187

69. Natural Selection: Subject Gateway To The Natural World This site from Discovery Channel Canada is devoted to mammoths, animals that prehistoric animals. An easy to use index to good quality illustrations of http://nature.ac.uk/browse/560.178.html

low graphics Top Stratigraphic palaeontology Cenozoic ... Boreas : an international journal of quaternary research Boreas publishes papers on biological and non-biological aspects of the Quaternary environment, in both glaciated and non-glaciated areas. Full access to the electronic version is available - to subscribers only - from this site. Free to access are tables of contents of recent volumes, instructions for authors and subscription details. Geography; Geology; Paleontology/Quaternary; Catalogues / Paleontological Museum, University of Oslo Animals, Fossil; Mammals, Fossil; Paleontology; Trilobites; Arachnomorpha; Trilobita; Mammalia; Collection of Eocene and Oligocene fossils A browseable selection of Eocene and Oligocene fossil images including bivalves, gastropods, vertebrates and other taxa from Bracklesham Beds, Headon Beds, Hamstead Bembridge Osborne Beds and Barton Beds in Hampshire, UK. A 'What's New' page lists species added to the site in chronological order. The site includes links to related sites and references. This resource has been compiled by Dr Alan Morton, a lecturer at Imperial College, London. Paleontology/Eocene; Paleontology/Oligocene; Fossils;

70. Cro-Magnon Cave Painting Stylized drawing, etching/painting of prehistoric animals, positive/negative mammals found in prehistoric paintings bison, wooly mammoths, reindeer, http://www.indiana.edu/~w505a/gibson.html

Interdisciplinary Study: Cro-Magnon Cave Painting Correlation with the Social Sciences Prepared by: Celia Kim Gibson, Indiana University, for course Disted W505 (This material can be reduced or expanded to meet specific grade levels and/or students' needs) (This lesson, as written, requires a minimal of three class sessions for completion) Links to Web Sites for Teacher Preparation: http://www.culture.fr/culture/arcnat/chauvet/et/gvpda-d.htm The Chauvet Cave http://www.mistral.culture.fr/culture/arcnat/chauvet/en/grotte3.htm Paintings and Engravings http://cgi.pathfinder.com/time/magazine/archive/1995/950619/950619.science.html Stone Age Bombshell http://www.campus.bt.com/public/ScienceNet/publications/neaderthal.html The Last Neanderthal Links for Student Enrichment: http://www.best.com/~swanson/caveart/cavemenu.html Gallery of Student Works http://cgi.pathfinder.com/time/magazine/archive/1995/950213/950213.cover.html Flints and Stones 1. Lesson Plan Rationale - The purpose of this study is to emphasize the correlation between the visual arts and the social sciences. The focus of the lesson will be on anthropological findings that discern prehistoric times.

71. ISGS What Is A Fossil A fossil is evidence of a prehistoric animal or plant that is preserved in rock, deer, and elephantlike animals called mammoths and mastodons, http://www.isgs.uiuc.edu/fossils/whatisafossil.htm

Illinois State Geological Survey A fossil is evidence of a prehistoric animal or plant that is preserved in rock, and which provides information about the characteristics of the organism. The remains of animals or plants that lived during historic time are not considered fossils. The oldest fossils in Illinois are found in rocks such as sandstone, limestone, or shale. Some are only impressions of the outside of a shell; some are fillings of the inside. Parts of the original shell may be preserved, but in many fossils the hard parts of the animal have been replaced by a different material. Silica and calcium carbonate, which are readily preserved, commonly replace the original shell material. Some fossils were made by marine worms that burrowed in the sand or mud of the sea floor. The worms themselves are rarely found as fossils but their trails and holes, called trace fossils, are common. In many places in Illinois, shells of clams, snails, and

72. Ice Age Mammals - EnchantedLearning.com These animals have long since gone extinct and are known mostly from fossils, mammoths (scientific name Mammuthus) are extinct herbivorous mammals that http://www.zoomdinosaurs.com/subjects/mammals/Iceagemammals.shtml

Become a member of Enchanted Learning. Site subscriptions last 12 months. Click here for more information on site membership. $20.00/year or other amount (directly by Credit Card $20.00/year or other amount (via PayPal As a thank-you bonus, site members have access to a banner-ad-free version of the site, with print-friendly pages. (Already a member? Click here. Ice Age Mammals During the last Ice Age, there were many large, interesting mammals, like the saber-toothed cats, giant ground sloths, mastodons, and mammoths. These animals have long since gone extinct and are known mostly from fossils, from frozen, mummified carcasses, and even from ancient cave drawings. The Last Ice Age The last Ice Age started about 70,000 years ago and ended about 10,000 years ago (during the Pleistocene epoch). The Earth was much colder than it is now; snow accumulated on much of the land, glaciers and ice sheets extended over large areas and the sea levels were lower. These phenomena changed the surface of the earth, forming lakes, changing the paths of rivers, eroding land, and depositing sand, gravel, and rocks along the glaciers' paths. What Is a Mammal?

73. A Mammoth Excavation intact remains of a prehistoric animal is compelling enough, For now youcan learn more about woolly mammoths and the controversial science of http://www.learnersonline.com/weekly/archive99/week43/

Weekly Online Lesson Online Lesson Archives Grade Level: 6-10 Subject: Science TEKS 112.23 (7.10); 112.24 (8.11); 112.24 (8.14); 112.43 (3-C); 112.43 (7) A Mammoth Excavation On October 18, 1999, a giant Russian helicopter lifted a 23-ton block of concrete-like permafrost containing the preserved remains of a woolly mammoth and transported it 150 miles to an ice cave in Khatanga. There a team of scientists led by French explorer Bernard Buigues will study the long-extinct animal, officially named Jarkov after the family that discovered him. The opportunity to study the perfectly-preserved, intact remains of a prehistoric animal is compelling enough, but given recent advances in cloning technology, some scientists are optimistic about the real possibility of extracting mammoth DNA to bring the species back to life. There are more than a few skeptics. Alexei Tikhonov, a Russian scientist who helped excavate a woolly mammoth from the tundra earlier this month, says that cloning the animal is nothing more than a pipe dream. "You have to have a living cell for cloning, and not a single cell can survive in the permafrost."

74. Mammoths Scientists have gone to lengths to explain how mammoths might have lived, The definitive article on the Siberian prehistoric animal remains was written http://www.bearfabrique.org/Catastrophism/sauropods/mammoth.html

The problem of Mammoths As is well known, elephants do not run, jump, or gallop, and achieve their greatest speeds via a sort of stiff-legged fast walk, and this is due to their great weight. The image above, from A. D. Stolyar's Origins of Representational Art clearly shows pliestocene artwork involving a mammoth elephant in full gallop. Another anomaly involving gravity... Scientists have gone to lengths to explain how mammoths might have lived, commissioning artwork showing mammoths trooping through snow-covered tundras, their massive fur coats much in evidence. What these pictures don't show is silos or grocery stores in those tundras; the mammoths would need them. The problem is that the bulk of mammoth remains are found in the far reaches of Canada and Alaska, and in Island groups to the North of Siberia in the Arctic circle. The question is, how given anything like the standard version of Earth history, did vast herds of such large creaturesever find food when the entire territory is covered by ice ten months of the year? Elephants are gluttonous; they spend most of their wakinghours eating, in fact, McGowan has stated that he does not understand how anythingever ate enough to get bigger than elephants since there would not appear to be time inthe day for it. You could literally take the healthiest elephant on Earth, fit him with the best fur coat and the best pair of jogging shoes in the world, start him off from any point on Earth habitable to elephants, and build for him a highway to the Liakhovs, and he would never get there. Winter would arrive and he would starve before he got there.

75. VALLEY OF THE MAMMOTHS This time, another prehistoric animal the Mammoth - takes center stage in their Valley of the mammoths is a new edition of the original game by Bruno http://www.gamersalliance.com/valleymammoths.htm

VALLEY OF THE MAMMOTHS (Eurogames-Descartes; $29.95) It seems that Eurogames has fallen for prehistoric times. Last year, they released Evo (featured in the Summer 2001 GA REPORT) which centered on dinosaurs. This time, another prehistoric animal - the Mammoth - takes center stage in their new release: Valley of the Mammoths Valley of the Mammoths is a new edition of the original game by Bruno Faidutti, published by the now defunct French company Ludodélire as La Vallée des Mammouths back in 1989. The large square box contains the typically high quality components we've come to expect from Eurogames: a mounted game board (and, as in Evo , consisting of two parts so that they the parts can be flipped to form different board configurations), three decks of cards (Fate, Summer Event and Winter Event), animal tokens (and a bag to hold them), six sets of tribe tokens, food markers and other assorted markers and six pages of rules. This moderate complexity game is for three to six players (but plays best with five or six) and has a playing time of about two hours. Players begin with a set of color-coded markers representing their tribe. These tokens represent men (warriors), women (females) and camps. In turn, each player sets up 1 camp, 2 women and five men (also known as warriors) in a vacant space on the board. When first seeding the board, no player may set up in an adjacent area. The Fate cards are shuffled and each player is dealt a starting hand (four cards with 5 or 6 players; five cards with 3 or 4).

76. Search Results For Mammuthus mammoths Three species of mammoths (genus Mammuthus ) lived on the mainland ofthe United . prehistoric animal Columbian Mammoth - Pleistocene epoch http://www.ivyjoy.com/coloring/mammuthus-search.html

Your Search Results for Mammuthus Back to: Dinosaur Coloring Mammoths Three species of mammoths (genus Mammuthus ) lived on the mainland of the United ... Mammoths Three species of mammoths (genus Mammuthus ) lived on the mainland of the United States at the end of the last Ice Age. These were the... Found by: AltaVista, AOL.com search, HotBot, Lycos, MSN Web Search, Teoma, WiseNut, Yahoo! http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/larson/mammuthus.html Pygmy Mammoth Update , Channel Islands National Park ... PYGMY MAMMOTH UPDATE A nearly complete pygmy mammoth (Mammuthus exilis) fossil skeleton, found in 1994, is ... were the home of the Pygmy Mammoth (Mammuthus exilis),a population of small animals that ... Found by: AltaVista, AOL.com search, FAST Search (alltheweb.com), HotBot, Lycos, MSN Web Search http://www.nps.gov/chis/pygmy.htm National Fish and Wildlife Forensics Laboratory Found by: AOL.com search, HotBot, Lycos, MSN Web Search http://www.lab.fws.gov/IVORY/text/elephant.html Vertebrate Paleontology Photo Gallery ... Pliomastodon sellardsi (gomphothere) Mammuthus columbi (Columbian mammoth) Rodentia (rats, mice,... Found by: AltaVista, MSN Web Search, WiseNut

77. Book Reviews Prehistoric Times April - May 2005 becoming a virtual cornucopia of newly named prehistoric animals It also turns Andrew Simpson s latest dino comic is prehistoric Manifesto Preview http://www.search4dinosaurs.com/prehistorictimes/reviews/aprmay2005/aprmay2005.h

Book Reviews by Mike Fredericks from the pages of the From Issue #71 Apr/May 2005 The Evolution and Extinction of the Dinosaurs by David E Fastovsky, David B Weishampel 2nd edition 512 pages Cambridge University Press, ISBN 05218 11724 Price $80 00 Our featured book for this issue, I give it our highest rating it for no other reason than the absolutely amazing, all new, John Sibbick artwork that fills it throughout (John told me he worked two years illustrating this book). I asked our own Tracy Ford to help me with my review and Tracy says, "David E Fastovsky and David B Weishampel's The Evolution and Extinction of the Dinosaurs 2nd edition from Cambridge University Press The Usborne Introduction to Archaeology: Internet-Linked by Abigail Wheatley, Struan Reid $22.95 Reading level Ages 9-12 Hardcover 128 pages Usborne Books ISBN 0794508065 An absolutely amazing, full color glossy overview of archaeology for young readers From before King Tut to the recent looting of the Iraq museum, young, up and coming archaeologists will relish this overview With directions to related internet sites, hours of interesting learning are ahead for its readers Quite an achievement! Dinosaurs Of Italy (Life of the Past) by Cristiano Dal Sasso, $35 00 Hardcover 232 pages, Indiana University Press ISBN 0253345146

78. Ooparts & Ancient High Technology--The Boneyards IV The mammoths of Siberia became extinct about the same time as the giant rhinoceros The definitive article on the Siberian prehistoric animal remains was http://www.s8int.com/boneyard4.html

OOPARTS (out of place artifacts) ANCIENT HIGH TECHNOLOGY Evidence of Noah's Flood? The Ooparts Collection Home 20th Century Dinosaurs Eyewitness Accounts There Were Giants In The Earth in Those Days Mega Fauna Those Sophisticated "Cave Men" Search for Noah's Ark DNA, The Ultimate Oopart The Bone Yards Underwater Cities, Monuments? Ancient Atomic Knowledge? Salvation. What Must You Do To Be Saved? Search Links Guestbook The Boneyards: The Beresovka Mammoth Problem, and... Entire Islands Composed of the Bones of Frozen Animals? ...PAGE 4 "In the early part of this century the famous Beresovka mammoth carcass was discovered in Siberia. Nearly intact, the animal was found buried in silty gravel sitting in the upright position. The mammoth had a broken foreleg, evidently caused by a fall from a nearby cliff 10,000 years ago. The remains of its stomach were intact and there were grasses and buttercups lodged between its teeth. The flesh was still edible, but reportedly not tasty. The Beresovka Mammoth and a Model. Click and drag photo to resize. Script from The Java Script Source No one has ever satisfactorily explained how the Beresovka mammoth and other animals found frozen in the subarctic could have been frozen before being consumed by predators of the time. Some have proposed a sudden change in climate, but this hardly seems a likely explanation. The scientist who uncovered the Beresovka mammoth conjectured that the animal fell into a snow-filled ravine that protected the body until it was perhaps covered by gravel during a summer flood"....

79. Prehistoric Humans Wiped Out Elephants Uplink Your Views. Discuss this or other Animal World stories. In the Americasboth mammoths and mastodons died out. Europe and Asia once had species http://www.livescience.com/animalworld/050418_elephant_extinction.html

Amazing Images: Summer under the Stars Contest 101 Amazing Earth Facts World Trivia Natural Disasters: Top 10 U.S. Threats ... LiveScience.com: Cool Science Galleries Prehistoric Humans Wiped Out Elephants By Bjorn Carey LiveScience Staff Writer posted: 18 April 2005 06:29 am ET One million years ago, elephants and their cousins roamed the five major continents of the earth. Then humans came along. Today elephants can be found only in portions of sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. There is a long-running debate over what drove elephants to extinction in some parts of the world and completely wiped other two other proboscideans, mammoths and mastodons. The two most argued hypotheses for their decline are climatic changes and over-hunting by humans. A recent archaeological expedition dug up information that may support the latter. Exploring 41 sites ranging from 1.8 million to 10,000 years old, Todd Surovell of the University of Wyoming found that interactions between humans and elephants matched up with successive waves of human population expansion. As the human populations in those sites continued to grow, the number of elephants shrank and, in some sites, disappeared. The findings suggest that the geographic expansion of prehistoric humans resulted in localized extinction events. Over-hunting was a key factor in these extinctions, Surovell figures, but

80. EXHIBIT REVIEW: Mammoths Migrate To Museum Of Science -- Museum Debuts “Pr mammoths Migrate to Museum of Science. Museum Debuts “prehistoric Worlds, BackyardDiscoveries”. By Erik Blankinship. staff Writer. Museum of Science http://www-tech.mit.edu/V121/N11/Mammoth_Exhibit.11a.html

EXHIBIT REVIEW Mammoths Migrate to Museum of Science By Erik Blankinship staff Writer Museum of Science Science Park Stop on MBTA Green Line Exhibit Open until June 2001 Museum Admission Free with MIT Student ID The exhibit also contains a number of videos, showing animated scenes of wooly mammoth activities, including walking around, taking baths, and engaging in other elephant-esque behaviors. Other videos suggest how we could clone a mammoth, before suggesting that impossible hurdles stand in the way. Just when I was beginning to become psyched ... which is, of course, the idea. The exhibit does jazz up the kid in you, eager to learn about and explore the world. Visitors sense that ancient history is all around them, and that they just might find it if they look hard enough. It reminded me of fossils I prepared as a kid by burying bones between two rocks in the nearby forest for future people to uncover. The exhibit does rouse that childhood excitement and feelings of possibility in you for a moment. Bambiraptor discovered by a 14 year-old, alongside an artistic recreation of what the beast probably looked like.

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