101. Nosocomial Pneumonia Pulmonology Infectious Disease Bacteria pneumonia Nosocomial. http://www.fpnotebook.com/LUN82.htm&e=747

102. Postgraduate Medicine: Legionnaires' Disease And Pneumonia Research article on the disease. http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/2001/05_01/akbas.htm

Legionnaires' disease and pneumonia Beware the temptation to underestimate this "exotic" cause of infection Efsun Akbas, MD; Victor L. Yu, MD VOL 109 / NO 5 / MAY 2001 / POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE CME learning objectives To understand the clinical presentation, symptoms, and signs of legionnaires' disease To learn the latest antibiotic therapy for legionnaires' disease To be able to recognize the most useful laboratory tests for detecting and managing legionnaires' disease The author discloses no financial interests in this article. This page is best viewed with a browser that supports tables. Preview Akbas E, Yu V. Legionnaires' disease and pneumonia: beware the temptation to underestimate this "exotic" cause of infection. Postgrad Med 2001;109(5):135-47 L egionnaires' disease is commonly thought of as an exotic cause of bacterial pneumonia. It was first recognized during an outbreak of pneumonia involving delegates attending the American Legion Convention at a Philadelphia hotel in 1976. Numerous outbreaks since then have been well publicized in the lay media, but it is less well known that legionnaires' disease is a relatively common cause of community-acquired pneumonia. In numerous prospective studies (1,2)

103. United Press International: Mystery Pneumonia Toll May Be Much Higher The rates of pneumonia among personnel deployed to Southwest Asia in the We knew beforehand that the rate of pneumonia in anthraxvaccinated people http://www.upi.com/view.cfm?StoryID=20030915-014545-8114r&e=747

104. CNN.com - No Answers Yet On Mystery Pneumonia - Mar. 16, 2003 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/HEALTH/03/16/mystery.disease/index.html

The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com No answers yet on mystery pneumonia A woman puts a mask on a boy in the emergency ward of a hospital in Hong Kong, where a new, deadly strain of pneumonia has been diagnosed. Story Tools HEALTH WARNING The World Health Organization alerts travelers to be aware of the symptoms, which include: People presenting after February 1 with a history of fever greater than 38 C (100.4 F) and one or more respiratory symptoms including cough, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and one or more of the following: Close contact with a person who has been diagnosed with SARS. Close contact means having cared for, having lived with, or having had direct contact with respiratory secretions and body fluids of a person with SARS. Recent history of travel to areas reporting cases of SARS. Probable cases are defined as: A person with chest x-ray findings of pneumonia or Respiratory Distress Syndrome or A person with an unexplained respiratory illness resulting in death, with an autopsy examination demonstrating the pathology of Respiratory Distress Syndrome without an identifiable cause.

105. United Press International: Widow Fears Pentagon 'lying' On Pneumonia Last week, the families of two soldiers who died after a pneumonialike The common denominator in the pneumonia-like illnesses is smallpox and http://www.upi.com/view.cfm?StoryID=20030821-045901-1924r&e=747

106. CNN.com - Army Reports Two New Severe Pneumonia Cases - Aug. 19, 2003 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/HEALTH/08/18/iraq.pneumonia/index.html

The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com Army reports two new severe pneumonia cases Spokeswoman: Number of afflicted not historically significant Story Tools RELATED Dr. Gupta: Number of cases not unusual HEALTH LIBRARY Health Library Pneumonia Understanding infections QUICKVOTE Is the mystery illness striking soldiers in the Persian Gulf related to Gulf War illness? Yes No VIEW RESULTS WASHINGTON (CNN) The Army surgeon general said Monday that the number of cases of serious pneumonia reported since March 1 among U.S. service members has risen to 18, up from 16 since the last report 10 days ago. Two of the patients have died. Their deaths are being investigated, said Lyn Kukral, a public affairs officer with the office of the army surgeon general. No infectious agent common to the 18 cases has been found, she said, and there is no evidence that exposure to chemical or biological weapons, or severe acute respiratory syndrome or environmental toxins, caused any of the cases. All 18 patients 17 men and a woman were placed on ventilators. The cases were geographically dispersed, and the afflicted serve in different units.

107. Hardin MD Pneumonia From the University of Iowa, the *best* lists of Internet sources in pneumonia. http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/pneumonia.html&e=747

108. Smokers At Higher Risk For Infections People who smoke cigarettes or breathe secondhand smoke are at a higher risk of pneumonia or meningitis. http://www.nurseweek.com/news/00-03/031300a.html

Home Articles Jobs Education ... Links Related links American Heart and Lung Association American Cancer Society Smokers at higher risk for infections Posted 3-13-2000 By Mary Ann Hellinghausen Atlanta . People who smoke cigarettes or breathe secondhand smoke are at a higher risk for contracting pneumonia, a bloodstream infection, or meningitis, according to a study by the national Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The study, published in the March 9 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine , found that the risk of infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae , the virus that causes pneumonia, was four times higher for cigarette smokers and two-and-a-half times higher for those exposed to secondhand smoke. "This study documents yet another example of an adverse health event linked to active and passive smoking,’’ said Michael Eriksen, MD, director of the CDC’s Office on Smoking and Health. "Reducing the incidence of pneumococcal disease is yet another reason to continue to support public health programs to reduce smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke." Researchers worked with microbiology labs in Atlanta, Baltimore, and Toronto to identify all cases of invasive pneumococcal infection in adults ages 18 to 64 and selected a sample of patients for further study. Through telephone interviews with those patients and randomly selected healthy residents of the same age, the researchers discovered cigarette smoking was the strongest risk factor for pneumococcal infection in adults with normal immune systems.

109. Pneumococcal Pneumonia, NIAID Fact Sheet pneumonia is a lung disease that can be caused by a variety of viruses, bacteria, Pneumococcal pneumonia is an infection in the lungs caused by bacteria http://www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/pneumonia.htm&e=747

110. CNN - Gorilla 'Willie B' Treated For Pneumonia - January 20, 2000 CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/NATURE/01/20/willieb/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. LOCAL ... daily almanac MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists. Enter your address: document.write(' '); Or: Get a free e-mail account E-MAIL DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: AsiaNow Svenska Norge Danmark ... Italian FASTER ACCESS: europe japan TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: more networks transcripts SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Gorilla 'Willie B' treated for pneumonia Willie B January 20, 2000 Web posted at: 5:09 p.m. EST (2209 GMT) ATLANTA (CNN) Willie B., one of the best-known animals at Zoo Atlanta and one of the most famous gorillas in captivity, is being treated for pneumonia. Zoo officials said they are optimistic he will recover. Willie developed an upper respiratory infection during the Christmas holidays, which progressed to the most serious health problem Willie B. has experienced in captivity, said marketing director Gail Eaton. The 41-year-old silverback gorilla drew national attention in 1994 when he became a father after spending years in isolation.

111. What Is Bacterial Pneumonia? Bacterial pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that involves the small air sacsor alveoli and the tissues around them. Learn about it! http://utut.essortment.com/pneumoniawhatb_rqty.htm&e=747

112. Postgraduate Medicine: Pneumonia Symposium Introduction Series on communityacquired pneumonia, covering outpatient care, predicting which patients need inpatient or intensive-care treatment, and the lack of specificity in the atypical pneumonia label. Includes discussions of the various pathogens. http://www.postgradmed.com/issues/1999/04_99/symp_int.htm

Community-acquired pneumonia at the end of the 20th century A three-article symposium Symposium coordinator George A. Sarosi, MD Chief, Medical Service Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center Professor of Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis VOL 105 / NO 4 / APRIL 1999 / POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA AT THE END OF THE 20TH CENTURY : Introduction to a three-article symposium by George A. Sarosi, MD MANAGING COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA : Factors to consider in outpatient care by Mark O. Farber, MD SEVERE PNEUMONIA : When and why to hospitalize by Richard B. Kohler, MD 'ATYPICAL PNEUMONIA' : Why this term may be better left unsaid by George A. Sarosi, MD Each year, close to 4 million episodes of community-acquired pneumonia occur in the United States, about 500,000 of them necessitating hospitalization. In the vast majority of cases, patients are seen initially by a primary care physician in an office setting, an urgent-care facility, or an emergency department. When evaluating a patient who has a lower respiratory tract infection, the first question a physician asks himself or herself is whether the patient has pneumonia. This question cannot be answered adequately without a chest radiograph; physical examination simply is not sensitive enough to detect the difference between pneumonia and an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

113. ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA A common cause of aspiration pneumonia is inhaling (aspirating) acid or vomitfrom the stomach. What are the signs and symptoms of aspiration pneumonia? http://www.healthtouch.com/bin/EContent_HT/cnoteShowLfts.asp?fname=07190&title=A

114. New Suspect In Super-pneumonia Outbreak Several labs have found a coronavirus in SARS patients. One possibility is that the disease might be caused by both that and the previously isolated paramyxovirus acting in tandem. New Scientist http://www.newscientist.com/news/news.jsp?id=ns99993542

115. Viral Pneumonia a CHORUS notecard document about viral pneumonia. mycoplasma pneumonia pneumonia with chestwall involvement esophageal varices airless lung http://chorus.rad.mcw.edu/doc/00416.html&e=747

116. The Merck Manual Pneumonia Of Legionnaires' Disease Includes signs and symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual/section6/chapter73/73g.jsp

117. Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia a CHORUS notecard document about chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. http://chorus.rad.mcw.edu/doc/00081.html&e=747

118. CNN.com - Pneumonia: Children To Miss School - Mar. 24, 2003 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/HEALTH/03/22/mystery.flu.test/index.html

The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com Pneumonia: Children to miss school Hong Kong residents wear face masks outside a hospital. Story Tools SPECIAL REPORT SARS: Mystery illness on the move RELATED Suspected cases of SARS Questions and answers Centers for Disease Control World Health Organization HONG KONG (CNN) School officials in Hong Kong are telling some students to stay at home for a week because they have been exposed to a form of pneumonia that appears resistant to common treatments. Sunday's order affects only 180 of the 1.2 million students in the area, but officials say the number will grow if cases of the disease continue to mount. So far, five Hong Kong students, a teacher and a school assistant have contracted the illness, a school system statement said. First recognized in Asia in the middle of last month, the pneumonia strain, called severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), has hit nearly 400 people in three continents and by Saturday had claimed 11 lives. Hong Kong, where authorities have reported 222 cases, remains the most seriously affected area in the world.

119. AllRefer Health - Atypical Pneumonia (Walking Pneumonia) Atypical pneumonia (Walking pneumonia) information center covers causes, prevention,symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, incidence, risk factors, signs, tests, http://health.allrefer.com/health/atypical-pneumonia-info.html&e=747

120. Smoking And Respiratory Disease: Fact Sheet No. 5 - ASH ASHUK Factsheet on smoking and lung cancer, COPD, pneumonia. http://www.ash.org.uk/html/factsheets/html/fact05.html

factsheet no:5 Smoking and respiratory disease Action on Smoking and Health – September 2004 Introduction It is estimated that smoking causes some 114,000 premature deaths every year Lung cancer Lung cancer kills more people than any other type of cancer and around 90% of these deaths are caused by smoking.  Around 33,600 people die each year in the UK from lung cancer, accounting for 6% of all deaths and 22% of all cancer deaths in the UK   The risk of lung cancer increases directly with the number of cigarettes smoked.  In a study of male British doctors, Number of cigarettes smoked per day Annual death rate per 100,000 men 78 (8 times that of non-smokers) 127 (13 times that of non-smokers) 25 or more 251 (25 times that of non-smokers) Increased risk of developing lung cancer Age at time of starting to smoke is important.  The younger a person is when he or she starts smoking, the greater the risk of developing lung cancer.  A US study found that smoking during the teenage years causes permanent genetic changes in the lungs and forever increases the risk of lung cancer, even if the smoker subsequently stops. In smokers, the most important parameter of smoking that affects lung cancer risk is the duration of smoking, although, as noted above, risk also increases with the number of cigarettes smoked per day.

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