81. Hispanic Heritage Month Unlike Spanish conquistadors Hernan Cortez and francisco pizarro, from KingCharles V and permission to explore and establish new world colonies. http://www.defenselink.mil/specials/Hispanic2001/desoto.html

Explorer de Soto Discovered a Continent Instead of Riches By Gerry J. Gilmore American Forces Press Service Fate had other plans. De Soto found no New World wealth and his fame has dimmed with the passage of time. Ill and dispirited, he died in the wilderness and was secretly laid to rest within the waters of the great tributary he discovered. Spanish explorers in Florida a decade before de Soto were told by the inhabitants that cities of immense wealth lay just beyond the horizon, probably in the hopes of ridding themselves of the strange interlopers. The natives de Soto met in his travels offered him fish, furs and freshwater pearls, but no silver, gold and jewels. But, they also told him of lands of wealth. Besides riches, the great powers of the 16th century also believed the New World offered an ocean shortcut to the lucrative trade markets in India and China — the legendary "Northwest Passage." De Soto would come to realize to his chagrin that no such route existed. While historians agree de Soto found "Old Muddy," uncertainty exists regarding the exact path of his exploration some 230 years before the birth of the United States.

82. Crossroads: Middle School Unit II Spain took many treasures from the new world and claimed large areas of southwesternUnited States as Resource 3 Explorer Fact Sheet francisco pizarro http://www.eduref.org/Virtual/Lessons/crossroads/sec4/Unit_2/Unit_IIQ2.html

Crossroads: Middle School Curriculum Unit II: Contact: Europe and America Meet, 1492-1673 Question/Problem 2: Describe the reasons for and the outcomes of the European explorers between 1492 and 1620 Contents Objectives Description of lesson/activity Resources Objectives: The students will be able to: describe the goals and accomplishments of an individual explorer. determine the exploration policy of one European country. rank and defend the exploration achievements of competing European countries. gather relevant information from a variety of resources. Description of lesson/activity: The students will have completed the research and class discussions about the situation in Europe during the 1400s which caused the Europeans to explore. Students have also identified the attributes necessary for an explorer. Students will now ex amine the lives and explorations of several individual explorers. Rather than dwell on a chronology of explorers and accomplishments, the activity has been designed to emphasize the in±depth research of a few explorers and to use this research to infer the exploration policies of the countries involved. The students should be divided into groups of three. One student from each group should be assigned to gather information on three explorers from Spain; the second student should gather information on explorers from France; and the third on explo rers from England and the Netherlands. Spain and France were highlighted because they were the leading countries during this time period. England and the Netherlands were examined together because they had similar exploration policies and were no t as prominent as the others in the search for new lands. Portugal was not included because their early discoveries were dealt with in the first part of this unit as the cause for other Europeans to explore. Fact sheets have been provided for the following explorers:

83. Pizarro: Conquest Of The Inca who explored the new world (including Cortez who conquered the Aztec). CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA francisco pizarro is a page from the new Advent http://www.orecity.k12.or.us/ogden/myazinproj/01bbbpizarro/pizarropage.htm

Introduction - INCA EMPIRE: The map came from The UT Library Online and I shaded the area of South America that the Inca Empire controlled. PIZARRO: Small bands of Inca continued to resist the conquest but they were eventually defeated as well. With time Spanish missionaries and settlers came to colonize Peru, Equador, and Chile and the Inca culture was largely wiped out. The ancestors of the Inca still live there, the ancient Inca language "Quecha" is still spoken, and they still raise llamas. - Useful Websites about Francisco Pizarro: THE CONQUEST OF THE INCA EMPIRE: Francisco Pizarro - is part of a larger website about the Age of Discovery and Exploration and has other pages about a wide variety of Europeans who explored the "New World" (including Cortez who conquered the Aztec). This is probably the overall best introduction of my research sites. PBS: CONQUISTADORS - Pizarro - is the starting point for a complex and detailed site all about Pizarro. As with other Public Broadcasting System websites, a lot of professional energy has gone into this site to make it educational. There are links to other Conquistadors such as Cortez. For detailed info this is the best site with many pages to it, though it may load slowly. This picture showing Pizarro's arrival in South America came from

84. Welcome To Video Education Australasia Cortes and pizarro Video *new* Explorers of the world Series the Spanishconquistadors Hernan Cortes and francisco pizarro gathered untold riches while http://www.vea.com.au/Home.asp?Page=New&ResultsPage=1&SubjectGroup=3103568&Forma

85. Welcome To Video Education Australasia Cortes and pizarro DVD *COMING SOON* Explorers of the world Series the Spanishconquistadors Hernan Cortes and francisco pizarro gathered untold riches http://www.vea.com.au/Home.asp?Page=New&Format=&SearchScope=&SubjectGroup=310356

86. _? Columbus voyages, however, opened up the new world. the world. And in theFifteenThirties, francisco pizarro destroyed the Inca Indian empire in Peru. http://edu.sina.com.cn/en/2004-07-23/24353.html

87. MMBC Schoolnet: Exploration Gateway This new world was soon to be visited by the Spanish. Hernando Cortes andFrancisco pizarro laid Spanish claim to Mexico and Peru early in the 16th http://collections.ic.gc.ca/maritime_museum/exploration/

W ORLD E D ISCOVERY OF THE L AST F RONTIER A NCIENT TIMES - TH C ENTURY ravelers of the ancient world explored distant regions not only out of necessity for such things as food and shelter but also out of sheer curiosity. A wide range of water craft designs were used by ancient travelers, enabling peoples from different lands to meet and communicate. With the growth of populations in areas defined today as countries, and the formation of systems to govern these populations, it became necessary to acquire more land and resources in order to gain power and compete in the world market. Trade soon became the key motivating factor for exploration while the advancement of shipbuilding techniques allowed for exploration at farther distances and for longer duration. Haida canoe Arab dhow By the 8th century, Arab language, knowledge and the religion of Islam had spread across vast distances. Muslim scholars (those who followed Islam) sought out scientific knowledge when exploring other lands. These scholars were first to calculate that the earth was round. Excelling in navigation, they are credited with the invention of the astrolabe . The best known Muslim traveler is Ibn Battuta who wrote about his adventurous 14th century journeys by sea and land in a book titled "Travels". The Vikings, namely Norse explorers Bjarni Herjulfsson, Eric the Red, and son Leif Erikson, discovered Iceland, Greenland, and the coastline as far south as the northeastern American states in the late tenth century. It would be several centuries before other European peoples explored the Americas.

88. The Teacher's Corner - Teacher Resources - Lesson Plans francisco pizarro and the Conquest of the Inca (Explorers of the new world) Marco Polo and the Wonders of the East (Explorers of the new world) http://www.theteacherscorner.net/thematicunits/explorers.htm

Home Previous Thematic Units Explorers Lesson Plans Math Music Physical Education Reading ... Writing Thematic Units CURRENT UNIT: Author Study of Jack Prelutsky PREVIOUS UNITS Unit Index Seasonal Items September Events October Events Summer Back-to-School ... Bulletin Boards Teacher Resources Classroom Management Librarians Teacher Tips The Corner Store ... Web Sites The Teacher's Lounge Daily Factoid Educational News Message Board Newsletter - Get it! ... The Corner's Contest Book Nook Children's Professional Teen/Young Adult Awards The Finish Line TTC's Award Winners Win Our Award Credits Carry our Banner Graphics Sign our Guestbook Sponsors Search Our Site Visit "Best on the Web for Teachers" by clicking here! Find More Resources ... Time Saver Top Sites Top educator sites ranked by popularity Explorers You will find various Web Sites on the top portion of this page.

89. Explorers Of The New World 8th Grade Explorers of the new world Projects francisco Vasquez de CoronadoBy Jacki and Brad francisco pizarro By Tyler and Samantha http://www.east-buc.k12.ia.us/00_01/Exp/exp_intro.htm

8th Grade Explorers of the New World Projects The 8th Grade Social Studies class studied the early explorers who came to America from various other countries. Their web projects reflect the research they conducted into the personal background, goals, ships and supplies, route, hardships encountered, time frame and results. Using AppleWorks, students designed and constructed their web pages. In doing this, students reviewed basic HTML commands they learned as 7th graders. These web sites feature the results of the research and at least one graphic of the explorer. Students worked in pairs, sharing the research and web page responsibilities. Marquette and Joliet By Alyssa and Kyle. Hernando de Soto By Andy and Taufeek Sir Humphrey Gilbert By Cannon and Kenny Francisco Vasquez de Coronado By Jacki and Brad Henry Hudson By Michael and Allison Samuel de Champlain By Michelle and Matt Giovanni da Veranzano By Sarah and Spenser Martin Frobisher By Sean and Kate Francisco Pizarro By Tyler and Samantha Return to the 2000-2001 Student Web Project Page

90. The Discovery Of The New World And The End Of The Old With the conquest of Peru by francisco pizarro, new gold began to be The newplants that were introduced from the new world changed that situation. http://www.ku.edu/kansas/medieval/108/lectures/discovery.html

The Discovery of the New World and the End of the Old Dictionary and Thesaurus Preliminary Thoughts American textbooks often carry the history of Europe up into the Renaissance, and then plunge into the Age of Discovery and Exploration as a preliminary to the study of United States history. As a result, we are much more aware of the effect of the Discovery of the New World, as the Europeans conceived it, upon the Americas, than the effect that the opening up of new lands had upon Europe. If we were more aware of the changes that the discoveries caused, we might be willing to concede that these discoveries were a basic factor in the end of the Middle Ages. Gold and Silver Columbus' voyage of 1492 was intended to discover a shorter all-water route to China and India than the route around Africa that was being opened up by the Portuguese, and the aim of both was to be able to by-pass the Muslim and Byzantine middle-men through which the spices of the East reached Western Europe. Although Columbus died still believing that he had opened up the Indies to Spain which is why Europeans called the native inhabitants of the Americas "Indians" most realized that a great land mass lay between them and the spices of the East, and also began to realize that there were sources of gold and silver there. The natives had amassed a great deal of golden treasure over the centuries, and the first flood of "new" gold into Spain and Europe came as a result of the

91. Discovery: The "New World" Henry VII of England sent John Cabot to explore the coast of new England. In 1531 and 1536, francisco pizarro conquered the extensive Inca empire. http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/REFORM/NEWWORLD.HTM

The discovery of the American continent had nothing to do with intellectual curiosity or even unfathomable human courage. It was almost entirely about one and only one thing: money. And it was a mistake. The Portugese all throughout the sixteenth century ruthlessly and aggressively built a monopoly in the spice trade from the east by dominating the trade routes around the continent of Africa. Spain, on the other hand, began thinking of ways to get around this monopoly by developing a western route to the eastern countries. The problem was that this route was infinitely longer than the trip around Africa and it lay across an ocean so vast that it staggered the imagination and chilled the heart. It was Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), a Genoese navigator, who convinced the Spanish to underwrite a western expedition to the eastern countries. Contrary to what you might have heard, educated Europeans knew that the world was round and had known this for millenia. Then as now, people who thought the world was flat were regarded as crackpots. Europeans also had a good idea as to the circumference of the earth; this circumference, in fact, had been accurately calculated in the second century BC. The general view, then, was that a western voyage to India would be a disaster, for the ship would have to travel thousands of miles over open ocean. The ship's crew would starve or die of dehydration long before the journey was complete.

92. Projecto Cultural francisco pizarro was quite unlike Hernan Cortes but just as important to theSpanish Once he arrived in the new world, pizarro participated in numerous http://www.smcm.edu/aldiv/ilc/spanish/FA03/ilcs101/04/fjrohner/

Los Conquistadores: Pizarro y Cortes Freddie Rohner, fjrohner@smcm.edu After Christopher Columbus discovered the New World in 1492, many explorers sailed across the Atlantic Ocean in search of fame and fortune. The Conquistadors were a select group of explorers and adventurers, who conquered and colonized most of Central and South America in the name of the Spanish crown. Two of the most famous, and infamous, of the conquistadors were Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro. The campaigns of Cortes and Pizarro brought much wealth and prestige to the Spanish empire, while also destroying two of the largest and most powerful kingdoms in the New World, the Inca and the Aztecs. Cortes and Pizarro were both great leaders, but their personalities, backgrounds and leadership techniques could not have been more different. After he conquered the Aztecs, the Spanish sent more expeditions to Mexico and began to colonize the area, assimilating the native population to Spanish culture and converting the Aztecs to Christianity. An unforeseen result of this colonization was the deaths of many people because of new diseases being passed between the Aztecs and the Spanish. Because of his exploits in the New World, Cortes was a hero in Spain and an inspiration to many other Conquistadors including our next subject, Francisco Pizarro.

93. Francisco Pizarro On the second (1526–28), pizarro explored the swampy coast farther south while his More on francisco pizarro from Fact Monster. 1500–1599 (AD) world http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/people/A0839247.html

Home U.S. People Word Wise ... Homework Center Fact Monster Favorites Hurricane Katrina Ramadan Children Inventors The Doctor's In ... 2006 TFK Almanac Reference Desk Atlas Almanacs Dictionary Encyclopedia ... Encyclopedia Pizarro, Francisco Pronunciation Key Pizarro, Francisco Almagro Atahualpa , awaited him. Professing friendship, he enticed Atahualpa into the power of the Spanish, seized him, exacted a stupendous ransom, and then treacherously had him executed. The conquest of Peru was virtually completed by the capture of Cuzco , which was later defended against Inca forces led by Manco Capac. Pizarro set about consolidating his conquest by founding new settlements, notably the present capital of Peru, Lima, and allotting land and Native Americans in encomienda to his followers. An attempt by Pedro de Alvarado and Almagro. Pizarro now made a pact with Almagro, whom he had cheated several times in the division of spoils, granting him the conquest of Chile. When he failed to receive the territory promised him, Almagro attempted to redress the injustice by seizing Cuzco. Pizarro sent his half brother, Hernando Pizarro, to Cuzco, and Almagro was defeated and put to death. In 1539, Francisco appointed his brother Gonzalo Pizarro governor of Quito. Francisco's greed and ambition, extreme even in a conquistador, had, however, offset his resourcefulness, courage, and cunning. By alienating the Almagro faction he paved the way for conspiracy. A band of assassins surprised him at dinner, and although he fought desperately, he was overpowered and slain. The account by W. H. Prescott

94. New World Explorers the work of four Spanish explorers Cortes, pizarro, de Orellano, and de Vaca . Explorers This site provides profiles of many new world explorers, http://www.davison.k12.mi.us/dms/library/cybrary/new_world_explorers/new_world_e

New World Explorers General Sites about Explorers Specific Explorers Conquistadors : This site, created by PBS, looks at the work of four Spanish explorers: Cortes, Pizarro, de Orellano, and de Vaca. This is a fascinating site to investigate! Vasco Nunez de Balboa Explorers : This site provides profiles of many New World explorers, along with suggested activities and on-line quizzes. This site was created by students! John Cabot Explorers of the Millennium : This site offers profiles on 29 different explorers, plus a timeline! BE CAREFUL - some of the explorers are not New World explorers. Jacques Cartier Treasure Trove of North American Exploration : This site gives good biographical information for explorers from 1492 - 1905. Samuel de Champlain The Age of Exploration : A fairly extensive list of explorers with longer biographical information. This site also includes maps if possible. This would be a good place to start!

95. Search Results - Cooperative Collection Development Title francisco pizarro and the conquest of the Inca Publishing Chelsea HousePublishers Publishing Explorers of new worlds Philadelphia, PA, 2001 http://sls.edutech.org/ccd/ccd.asp?Search=collection&Keyword=oakhexplore

96. Colony4 Spanish Explorers Follow Their Dreams. Furnished by the new Mexico Magazine, found the Kingdom of the Aztecs and francisco pizarro that of the Incas? http://www.neta.com/~1stbooks/colony4.htm

Colonial America Quest for Gold Spanish Explorers Follow Their Dreams Furnished by the New Mexico Magazine, State of New Mexico by Dr. Adrian Bustamante, Professor Univ Colo. According to legend, sometime during the Moorish invasion of Spain, seven bishops together with their congregations, sailed west seeking to escape the infidel. By the 16th century the seven cities they purportedly founded became the "Seven Cities of Gold" and were thought to be somewhere in the New World. Another legend with a life of its own was that of Sierra Azul, the Blue Mountains, which were heavily laden with silver. If that were not enough, there was the story of Dorado, the golden man who would cover himself with gold dust and then bathe in a lake as an offering to his gods. Mythical geography suggested that the Strait of anian, the waterway connecting the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean, existed somewhere north of New Spain. Whoever found and fortified it could control Commerce between nations and oversee the richest nation in the world. There were tales of kingdoms galore, like the Kingdo of Quivira where streets were paved with gold. The Kingdom of Teguayo was another wealthy Indian area that was waiting to be found. These kingdoms had to exist. After all, had not Hernan Cortes found the Kingdom of the Aztecs and Francisco Pizarro that of the Incas?

97. AFT - Teachers - Classroom Resources - Hispanic Heritage Month - Discovering The francisco pizarro (14751541) conquered the Inca Empire and took part in francisco Vasquez de Coronado explored Arizona, new Mexico, Kansas, Colorado, http://www.aft.org/teachers/hispanic-discovering.htm

@import "/css/layout1e.css"; Skip directly to: Content Navigation Block 1 Navigation Block 2 Search ... Teachers National Hispanic Heritage Month: Sept. 15 - Oct. 15 document.write(' E-mail'); Print Discovering the Americas (Also available in Spanish The age of exploration emerged when European countries explored new lands for political, religious and economic reasons. Spain looked to expand its knowledge of the world, to discover spices and riches and to expand Christianity. This quest drove many Spaniards to a New World where they vigorously explored and conquered rugged lands on two continents beginning in the late 1400s. While many explorers investigated Mexico and Central America, others tentatively explored what is now the United States of America. Spanish Conquistadores Alvar Cabeza de Vaca (1490-1557), explored Texas, Arizona and New Mexico. Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521), who was born in Portugal, was the first to lead an expedition that circumnavigated the globe. Francisco Pizarro (1475-1541) conquered the Inca Empire and took part in explorations of the northern Caribbean coast of South America. Vasco Nunez de Balboa (1475-1519), along with other Spaniards such as Pizarro, became the first to look out at what became the eastern shore of the Pacific Ocean.

98. Explorers Europeon Explorers in the new world from Chenowith, OR francisco Vasquez deCoronado http//desertusa.com/mag98/sep/papr/coronado.html http://www.kathimitchell.com/explorer.htm

Explorers General Sources Specific Explorers Other General Explorer Information Age of Exploration from Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Exploration American History Sources for Students - explorers from 4th and 5th Grade Student Research Resources http://www.geocities.com/EnchantedForest/Tower/1217/explorer.html Global Access to Educational Sources - explorers and discoverers http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Academy/6617/discover6.html Discoverers Web - huge database about explorers http://www.win.tue.nl/cs/fm/engels/discovery/ Eduplace Exploring and Settling http://www.eduplace.com/ss/hmss/5/unit/5.2.html Enchanted Learning - Explorers listed alphabetically http://www.enchantedlearning.com/explorers/indexa.shtml European Explorers Come To America - French explorers - Timeline http://www.civilization.ca/vmnf/explor/explcd_e.html European Explorers Discover North America http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/OakViewES/harris/97-98/america/exploration/explorers.html Europeon Explorers in the New World from Chenowith, OR http://www.chenowith.k12.or.us/tech/subject/social/explore.html

99. CPL Kids Pages: Reading: Book Lists: J 910.92 S, Simon, Charnan, Explorers of the Ancient world. J 910.922 C, Ciovacco,Justine J BIO pizarro, Manning, Ruth, francisco pizarro. Polo. Marco http://www.cantonpl.org/kids/bklist/explorer.html

Books about Explorers at the Canton Public Library Books with Many Explorers: CALL # AUTHOR TITLE J 910 V Explorers of the Ancient World J 910 V Green, Jen Exploring the Polar Regions J 910 V Macdonald, Fiona Exploring the World J 910.4 M Macdonald, Fiona Explorers: Expeditions and Pioneers J 910.722 M Matthews, Rupert Explorer J 910.9 F Fradin, Dennis Explorers J 910.9 G Grosseck, Joyce Great Explorers J 910.92 A The Age of Exploration: Marco Polo, Christopher Columbus, Hernan Cortes J 910.92 H Hudson, Wade Five Brave Explorers (Jean DuSable, Matthew Henson, Mae Jemison, James Beckwourth, Esteban) J 910.92 R Ross, Stewart Conquerors and Explorers J 910.92 S Simon, Charnan Explorers of the Ancient World J 910.922 C Ciovacco, Justine The Encyclopedia of Explorers and Adventurers J 910.922 F Fritz, Jean

100. Explorers Students will research an explorer of the new world. They will then make a popupbook. francisco de Coronado. Hernando Cortés. Vasco Da Gama http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/pershing/explorers/

Link to Teacher Page Explorers http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/pershing/explorers by Lee Terry Introduction Task Resources ... Conclusion Introduction You are a historian. You are about to publish your first book. This is not a normal book...the pictures Pop Up! The Task You will make a Pop Up book. Your Pop Up book will consist of several pages Explorer page number - Choose an explorer of the New World. Describe his background. Explorer page number - Describe your explorer's accomplishment. Indian page (indigent population) - Describe an indigent population that came into contact with your explorer. Your choice - Describe the effect or consequence of your explorer's accomplishment (on local population, environment, human rights, life in Europe, religion, etc.-choose one). Resources You may use your textbook, reference materials, or the Internet to do your research.

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