21. Blogcritics.org: Picts, Tattoos And Woad and I was the talking head discussing the ancient history of tattooing in The ancient Greeks called them the Pritanni (which some people think is http://blogcritics.org/archives/2005/03/30/220429.php

Blogcritics recommends Cyberwurx Hosting with blog hosting as low as $5/month Jump to: main content Blogcritics Home A sinister cabal of superior bloggers on music, books, film, popular culture, technology, and politics. Search SPOTLIGHT ON: $1799.93 DONATED THUS FAR - THANKS KATRINA and AFTERMATH POLITICS of KATRINA EMMY AWARDS FOOTBALL: REAL AND OTHERWISE ... EDITORS' PICKS BLOGCRITIC OF THE DAY Visit and Pay Homage: CHRIS AKIN Are you a blogger? JOIN BLOGCRITICS SAVE TIME AND MONEY! Blogcritics is your BUYER'S GUIDE Follow the AMAZON links! Buy Now! Top Posters Most prolific Blogcritics for August Chris Beaumont Eric Olsen gypsyman Matt Paprocki ... Show your love: Link to Blogcritics! var site="s11blogcritics" American Idol Week 3 Results: Good-bye, Jessica Home American Idol Picts, Tattoos and Woad Posted by Lenny Campello on March 30, 2005 10:04 PM (See all posts by Lenny Campello Filed under: Culture Scroll down to read comments on this story and/or add one of your own. The symbolism of the Pictish stones in Scotland: A study of origins Inga Gilbert Book from Speedwell Books Release date: 1995 The trouble with misused quotes is one of my pet peeves, which in a Woody Allen moment, I was able to "fix" (in a very specific case) a few years ago on national television when I was a talking head in a TBS documentary called

22. AllRefer.com - Theodosius (Ancient History, Late Roman And Byzantine, Biography) Related Category ancient history, Late Roman And Byzantine, Biographies 376, Roman general under Valentinian I. He defeated (368–69) the picts and http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/T/Theodos.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather September 25, 2005 Medicine People Places History ... Maps Web AllRefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia Ancient History, Late Roman And Byzantine, Biographies ... Theodosius By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z T Theodosius, Ancient History, Late Roman And Byzantine, Biographies Related Category: Ancient History, Late Roman And Byzantine, Biographies Theodosius d. 376, Roman general under Valentinian I Topics that might be of interest to you: Theodosius I Valentinian I Related Categories: People History History Ancient Greece and Rome ... Biographies More articles from AllRefer Reference on Theodosius SITE MAPS Encyclopedia US Gazetteer: US States A-C US States D-H US States I-L US States M ... Countries A-Z Content on this web site is provided for informational purposes only. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site. We encourage you to verify any critical information with the relevant authorities. About Us Contact Us Privacy Links Directory ... Link to AllRefer.com

23. The Isle Of Influence: Ancient Britain The history of this island of kings and queens is remarkable one and worthy Scotland never fell under Roman rule, and the picts continued to be a thorn http://www.stormfront.org/whitehistory/hwr28i.htm

MARCH OF THE TITANS - A HISTORY OF THE WHITE RACE Chapter 28 : The Isle of Influence - England, Scotland, Wales and the United Kingdom Part I : Ancient Britain Even its most vehement detractors will admit that the nation of Great Britain has been one of the foremost countries of modern Western Civilization. Its achievements are legion - at one stage its empire existed on all the continents of the world except Antarctica. Its language became the second most widely spoken language on earth (after Chinese) - its writers, poets and playwrights were the greatest the world has ever seen since the days of the Greek classics - and its history and culture has become ingrained in the traditions of many people on earth. Britain was also directly responsible for the initial mass settlement of the North American continent that, together with immigrants from the rest of Europe, created the giant that became America. The industrial revolution, which it spearheaded, shaped the infrastructure of the current world. Yet it is a small island, barely over half the size of France. The history of this island of kings and queens is remarkable one and worthy of an overview. Unfortunately much of English history is also filled with incessant petty squabbling and infighting.

24. CELTIC History: The Ancient Celtic Warriors Of Europe A history of the ancient Celts, Warriors, weapons and their early society, Part 12 picts Scots at War the picts and Scots battle for Scotland. http://members.aol.com/skyelander/menu14.html

htmlAdWH('93212820', '728', '90'); Main Western European CELTIC History: The Ancient Celtic Warriors of Europe Purpose: A brief history of the Ancient Celts, Warriors, weapons and their early society, including their battles. Later chapters will give details on Celtic warriors, battles and migration to all areas. Also, we will learn of Celts in Greece, Egypt, Rome, Gaul, Britain, the Picts, Scots, Irish and Romano-Britons (Welsh related) and some of their decisive moments in history and battle. This should get even more interesting as we get deeper into the chapters. Please feel free to explore ahead using the links below. Introduction to 'Celtic Warriors'- Hallstatt culture. The Beginnings. Part 2: La Tene Celts Part 4: Celts vs the Greeks under Brennos - the sack of Delphi Part 5: Celts in Egypt? a look at Celtic mercenaries Part 6: Celts from Gaul face off against Julius Caesar Part 7: Britain Invaded a British chieftain defies Rome Part 8: Celt Headhunters and the Celts as mercenaries Part 9: Revolt of Boudica and the Celtiberians fight the Romans Part 10: A Celtic Arthur?

25. Robert Gunn's Scottish, Celtic & Medieval History, Wallace, Bruce, Vikings From the Hallstatt and La Tene Cultures on to the Britons, picts, Irish,Welsh Celtic history Irish, Welsh, ancient Britons and Bretons history . http://members.aol.com/skyelander/main.html

htmlAdWH('93212820', '728', '90'); Main Western European [ Bookmark This Site ] [Email this page to a friend or colleague] ... Search this history site powered by FreeFind Note: to stop the music, simply click on 'Bookmark this Site', top. News updates for this site! About this site: These pages will feature: Scottish History, Medieval History (the Vikings), Ancient Celtic History, Irish, Welsh, and early medieval British history. Additions and articles to be updated monthly, so please check back often for new essays and original articles. Be sure to check out the 4 Online Books: *-NEW!- "The Vikings! Fury from the North" "Story of Scotland" and "Tragic Highland Clearances" and NEW-"Celtic Warriors" Also new is a Scottish Battles Timeline with brief descriptions of each battle. This main page is divided in three categories, (1) Scottish history, (2) Celtic history (Irish, Welsh and ancient Celts) and (3) a special new section devoted to medieval European history: Famous battles, warfare, tactics, weapons, armour, and Dark Age cultures of interest, such as the Vikings. You're vote in the history mini-poll will determine which articles come first! So please vote. Scottish, Celtic History Messageboards.

26. SCOTLAND - PICTS And OUR SEARCH FOR TRIBAL TATTOOS He tells us how the picts used a blue dye from a mustard plant called woad Are there any other clues in ancient history that we have yet to unearth? http://www.vanishingtattoo.com/pictish_tattoos.htm

The Legendary Land of the Picts Historians disagree The search for the vanishing tattoo takes a detour here because Thomas knows that all record of tattoos from this matrilineal culture vanished long ago. Never mind that historians disagree on nearly everything that has been written about the Picts, Thomas doesn't let the lack of facts prevent him from embarking on a pilgrimage to their famous sculptures. In the presence of these " standing stones ", Lockhart conjures up an image of these painted warriors. The fifth century monk, Gildas, called them " foul hordes like dark throngs of worms who wriggle out of narrow fissures in the rock when the sun is high and the weather grows warm ." Loch Ness Monster! Thomas sees them clearly now, his own imagination transposing the mysterious stone sculpted images of animals, abstract designs, and Christian crosses onto flesh . He tells us how the Picts used a blue dye from a mustard plant called "woad" to tattoo their bodies. Did the tattoos indicate rank or caste, were they symbols of religious devotion, an appeal for fertility or simply for decoration? We'll never know. But if an entire society is tattooed from head to toe then surely we cannot underestimate the significance that tattoos played in Pictish culture. Thomas points to something depicted on the standing stone an elephantine animal with flippers. "There's your Loch Ness Monster!" Have we solved another of Scotland's great mysteries?

27. Picts - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia 1 history; 2 Pictish language; 3 The legend of the Painted People ; 4 See also Irish sources recorded that seven ancient Pictish kingdoms existed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picts

Picts From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. This article has been tagged since April 2005. See How to Edit and Style and How-to for help, or this article's talk page The Picts lived in what they called Pictavia or Pictland which was Caledonia Scotland ),and could be found north of the River Forth which you can travel into Edinburgh by the Forth Road Bridge Or forth Railway Bridge today. prior to the invasion of the country of Ireland The name Pict first appears in a panegyric written by Eumenius in 297 AD. Although Picti is usually assumed to mean painted or tattooed (as in Latin ) it may have a Celtic origin. The Goidelic Celts called the Picts Cruithne and the Brythonic Celts knew them as prydyn , whence Britain Contents History Pictish language The legend of the "Painted People" See also ... edit History Many archaeological remains in the form of buildings and jewelry have survived to give an impression of the society of the Picts, but little in the way of writing has survived. Pictish society seems to have comprised a number of small kingdoms which occasionally clashed. Scholars believe that Pictland comprised all of modern Scotland north of the Forth and Clyde except for Argyll . It appears that two over-kingdoms existed: one north of the Mounth with its core in Moray , the other to the south with the capital at Forteviot . Irish sources recorded that seven ancient Pictish kingdoms existed: Cait — situated in modern Caithness and Sutherland Ce — situated in modern

28. Talk:Scots Language - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia If the Scots had not triumphed over the picts as the result of a Viking victory It s ancient history and we re all called Scots nowadays whatever our http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Scots_language

Talk:Scots language From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (before January 1, 2005) Contents History first sentence outwith The ancient Scottish tongue ... edit History From LaurelBush 16:50, 28 Jan 2005 (UTC): In the late 15th century Erse (meaning Irish) came into common use as a name for Gaelic. In the early 16th century Scots became (inappropriately, in my opinion) a name for Ynglis. The use of Scots as a name for the Lowland language clouds our view of the past. It obscures both the reason that Scotland is so called and the role that an Anglian language played in Scotland's history. I blame Pope Leo X Derek Ross Talk 20:03, 2005 Jan 25 (UTC) The situation is inherently confusing (the Scots are really the Irish and the Anglian speakers are actually the Picts so Scotland should really be called Pentland) but we're not going to make it less confusing by making up our own nomenclature for everything. The situation that you describe is a direct result of the actions of Pope Leo X in deciding that Scotia should be the name of the land formerly known as Caledonia rather than the name of the land now known as Ireland which had been the case until the early 16th century. In the 15th century

29. Ancient History Links “This Has Never Been A Rich Or Powerful ancient Ireland history and Research ancient Ireland is a website that Web site dedicated to ancient civilization (known as the picts) that once http://www.stthom.edu/irishstudies/links/ancienthistory.html

Ancient History Links This has never been a rich or powerful country, and yet, since earliest times, its influence on the world has been rich and powerful. No larger nation did more to keep Christianity and Western culture alive in their darkest centuries. No larger nation did more to spark the cause of independence in America, indeed, around the world. And no larger nation has ever provided the world with more literary and artistic genius.” Address Before the Irish Parliament President John F. Kennedy Dublin, Ireland June 28, 1963 Ancient Ireland History and Research Ancient Ireland is a website that continues to grow and serve as both an archive and as a teaching vehicle for the dissemination of accurate history of Ireland, the Irish and our Celtic heritage. Animal Symbolism in Celtic Mythology A student paper at the University of Michigan by Lars Noodén, 22 November 1992. Book of Kells images General site, with links to other Book of Kells sites. Brehon Law Site Extensive site dedicated to reclaiming Ireland's legal heritage through collecting resources relating to the Brehon Laws, the ancient Celtic common law of Ireland. Celtic Connection Provides summary of the Celts and provides links to sites related to Celtic history and tradition.

30. Ancient History Curriculum Links The ancient history Guide Created by the Mining Company, Classical GreeceGods, People, And Places Dictionary A hypertext dictionary with some picts. http://www.mcps.k12.md.us/curriculum/socialstd/Ancient_Bookmarks.html

Social Studies Curriculum Links Ancient History Resources General Resources The Atrium A general interest site for fans of Ancient Greece and Rome. The Ancient History Guide Created by the Mining Company, this site offers an extensive listing of ancient history web resources including a weekly update of what's new on the web in the study of the old. The Ancient World Web Archaeology-ArchNet-WWW Virtual Library Byzantium Online A collection of links, documents and grapics devoted to the study of the Byzantine Empire. Exploring Ancient World Cultures An online text that covers Near East, India, Egypt, China, Greece, Rome, Islam, and Europe. Uses famous documents. Reading level is high school and up. Historical and Cultural Atlas Resource from Oregon State System of Higher Education Maps and photographs of ancient Europe and North Africa The Seven Wonders of the World This site gives a full description of each of the Ancient Wonders. Bet you can't name 'em all. Ancient Africa Nubia - "Its glory and its people" Ancient Americas Andes Adventure National Geographic's adventurous autopsy of 500 year old Incan Mummy, piece by piece.

31. BBC - History - Ancient - Vikings The interactive history Site of BBC Online. They were known as picts, andinhabited part of the Kingdom of the picts which made up most of mainland http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/lj/conquestlj/colonists_05.shtml?site=history_conqu

32. BBC - Scotland - Education - See You See Me - Scots And Picts - Teacher's Notes The picts remain possibly the biggest mystery of European history. Scotland’ssculptured stones, created by the picts of ancient Alba tell the stories http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/education/sysm/scots/teachers/background.shtml

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index SUNDAY 25th September 2005 Text only BBC Homepage Education Scotland See You See Me ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! History and background to Scotsand Picts Who were the Picts? The origin of the Picts is clouded by the many fables and legends about them. There are numerous theories as to who the Picts were and where they came from. Experts even disagree over what they ate and drank and what language they spoke. The Picts were an ancient and artistic people who defied the might of Rome which conquered the rest of Britain. They were a sophisticated , hardworking, clever people, skilled in farming and fishing. How do we know about the Picts? The Picts left few written records. Our main sources of information are Roman and Greek writings , as well as designs and symbols left on great Pictish stones. We also know that their story tellers passed stories down through the ages by word of mouth. Picts are first recorded in history in the third century AD. Eumenius, a Roman writer, describes the "pictus" as fierce and skilled in battle. It is not clear whether "pictus" (the Latin for ‘painted’) was intended, or if this is a Latin form of some indigenous name.

33. Arthur's Britain - Timeline Of Arthurian Britain ancient / Classical history IN 397, STILICHO repelled an attack by picts,Irish and Saxon in Britain. WHEN MARAUDING invaders attacked Roman strongholds http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/rome/a/arthurbritain.htm

var zLb=4; var zIoa1 = new Array('Suggested Reading','Merlin','http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/people/a/merlin.htm','Pelagian Heresy','http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/pelagius/index.htm','Stilicho','http://ancienthistory.about.com/library/weekly/aa072401a.htm'); zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Ancient / Classical History Homework Help ... Help w(' ');zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Ancient / Classical History newsletter! See Online Courses Search Ancient / Classical History Stay up to date! Email to a friend Print this page Suggested Reading Merlin Pelagian Heresy Stilicho Most Popular Ancient Atlas Fall of Rome Etymology - Greek and Latin Roots - Prefixes and Affixes The Trojan War ... Hebrew and Biblical Names What's Hot GAIUS JULIUS CAESAR Information on the Roman leader Gaius Ju... Vergil and the Classical Tradition Maps - Libya Antoninus Pius ... Pompeii Related Topics Archaeology Medieval History Women's History Alternative Religions ... Art History Arthur's Britain From N.S. Gill

34. Ancient / Classical History Comprehensive resources on ancient / Classical history, Greek mythology, Latin, was originally established to save the Romans from the picts. http://ancienthistory.about.com/mlibrary.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Ancient / Classical History Homework Help ... Help w(' ');zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Ancient / Classical History newsletter! See Online Courses Search Ancient / Classical History Apocolocyntosis, by Seneca Apocolocyntosis , commonly translated The Pumpkinification of Claudius, is a Menippean satire attributed to Seneca, dealing with the consequences of a bumbling emperor's deification upon death. Aramaic - Ancient Language Aramaic Aramaic. The ancient language Aramaic. Jesus spoke Aramaic. Aqueducts and Roads A look at the greatest aqueducts and roads of ancient Rome. AP Latin Exam and Latin Exam Preparation Resources for students studying for or teachers coaching students for the AP Latin exam. Abacus and Other Counting Systems Abacus resources. Includes explanations of how the abacus works and the history and operation of the abacus and other counting systems. About Greek Mythology Greek mythology, Roman mythology, gods, goddess, and heroes.

35. Ancient History Books Superb selection of ancient history books, including books on the Saxons, First mentioned by name in AD 297, the picts inhabited Northern Britain from http://www.militaryshop.co.uk/ancientbooks.htm

Home Up [ Books on Ancient History ] Books on Mediaeval History Books on Napoleonic History Great War Books Tank Books ... WILDLIFE /ANIMAL PRINTS Click image to view catalogue information Recommended gift website of the month click here Post Information What is an Artists Proof? Valuation of Your Print Collections ... To order your print(s) use our secure order form here Superb selection of Ancient History books, including books the Saxons, Vikings and Normans and the Greek and Persian Wars. Click below to view books on this topic: Roman History Books Click here to use our secure order form Click text below to view this item in our shop Paperback Book The Thracians 700BC - AD46 by Christopher Webber. Throughout the seven centuries before Christ many hundreds of thousands of Thracians, in more than 40 tribes, occupied the area between northern Greece, southern Russia and north west Turkey. Skilled horsemen, masters of light infantry fighting in broken terrain, and renowned for their ferocity, the Thracians were feared by even the greatest if their contemporaries, who were eager to employ them as mercenaries. After surviving invasions by the Persians, Greeks, Macedonians and Celts, the Thracians were finally conquered by Rome in AD46. This concise but lavishly illustrated study of their history and material culture includes the results of the latest archaeological research, notably some remarkable tomb paintings.

36. Picts picts, ancient inhabitants of central and N Scotland, of uncertain origin. picts AND PORRIDGE _ AN OGILVIE FAMILY history by Gordon Ogilvie (The Press http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0838968.html

var zflag_nid="350"; var zflag_cid="44/43"; var zflag_sid="11"; var zflag_width="728"; var zflag_height="90"; var zflag_sz="14"; in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Daily Almanac for Sep 25, 2005 Skip Navigation Home Almanacs ... Word of the Day Editor's Favorites Hispanic Heritage Month Hurricane Katrina Daylight Saving Time Ramadan ... Texas Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map College Center Scholarship Search College Resources Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips google_ad_client = 'pub-1894504138907931'; google_ad_width = 120; google_ad_height = 240; google_ad_format = '120x240_as'; google_ad_type = 'text'; google_ad_channel =''; google_color_border = ['336699','B4D0DC','DFF2FD','B0E0E6']; google_color_bg = ['FFFFFF','ECF8FF','DFF2FD','FFFFFF']; google_color_link = ['0000FF','0000CC','0000CC','000000']; google_color_url = ['008000','008000','008000','336699']; google_color_text = ['000000','6F6F6F','000000','333333']; Encyclopedia Picts Picts

37. Kenneth I picts picts, ancient inhabitants of central and N Scotland, of uncertain Scotland history - history Early history The picts, of obscure origin, http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0827388.html

in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Daily Almanac for Sep 25, 2005 Skip Navigation Home Almanacs ... Word of the Day Editor's Favorites Hispanic Heritage Month Hurricane Katrina Daylight Saving Time Ramadan ... Texas Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map College Center Scholarship Search College Resources Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips google_ad_client = 'pub-1894504138907931'; google_ad_width = 120; google_ad_height = 240; google_ad_format = '120x240_as'; google_ad_type = 'text'; google_ad_channel =''; google_color_border = ['336699','B4D0DC','DFF2FD','B0E0E6']; google_color_bg = ['FFFFFF','ECF8FF','DFF2FD','FFFFFF']; google_color_link = ['0000FF','0000CC','0000CC','000000']; google_color_url = ['008000','008000','008000','336699']; google_color_text = ['000000','6F6F6F','000000','333333']; Encyclopedia Kenneth I Kenneth I (Kenneth mac Alpin), d. 858, traditional founder of the kingdom of Scotland. He succeeded his father, Alpin, as king of Dalriada (the kingdom of the Gaelic Scots in W Scotland) and c.843 obtained the Pictish throne, thus establishing the nucleus of the kingdom of Scotland. Because of continual depredations by the Danes from the Irish coast, Kenneth moved his capital eastward to Scone. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia

38. Ancient British History With The Nennius Chronicles ancient British history from a british point of view and not an anglo saxon Egrid is he who made war against his cousin Brudei, king of the picts, http://www.webmesh.co.uk/nennius4.htm

Search for keyword Home Books on this subject British Chronicles 50. St. Germanus, after his death, returned into his own country. At that time, the Saxons greatly increased in Britain, both in strength and numbers. And Octa, after the death of his father Hengist, came from the sinistral part of the island to the kingdom of Kent, and from him have proceeded all the kings of that province, to the present period. The more the Saxons were vanquished, the more they sought for new supplies of Saxons from Germany; so that kings, commanders, and military bands were invited over from almost every province. And this practice they continued till the reign of Ida, who was the son of Eoppa, he, of the Saxon race, was the first king in Bernicia, and in Cair Ebrauc (York). When Gratian Aequantius was consul at Rome, because then the whole world was governed by the Roman consuls, the Saxons were received by Vortigern in the year of our Lord four hundred and forty-seven, and to the year in which we now write, five hundred and forty-seven. And whosoever shall read herein may receive instruction, the Lord Jesus Christ affording assistance, who, co-eternal with the Father and the Holy Ghost, lives and reigns for ever and ever. Amen. 51. The death of Palladius being known, the Roman patricians, Theodosius and Valentinian, then reigning, pope Celestine sent Patrick to convert the Scots to the faith of the Holy Trinity; Victor, the angel of God, accompanying, admonishing, and assisting him, and also the bishop Germanus.

39. Ancient Lothian - Kinneil However, it figures at several significant points in the ancient history of Moreover, he ordered it to be made between the Britons, and the picts and http://www.cyberscotia.com/ancient-lothian/pages/kinneil.html

kinneil falkirk NS 977 803 HISTORIC SCOTLAND Introduction Kinneil today is a suburb of the town of Bo'ness (Borrowstounness) on the Southern shores of the River Forth, not far from Abercorn , and in modern times has primarily been the location of Kinneil House, one time residence of the philosopher, Dugald Stewart. Today, Kinneil lies in Falkirk District and is thus, strictly speaking, not in modern Lothian, but was once an important place within the kingdom of Gododdin. Click here for a location map provided by StreetMap Placename However, it figures at several significant points in the ancient history of the Lothians, not least as the location of the penultimate Eastern fort of the Antonine Wall in Roman times, which separated the Picts from the Romano-British territories South of the Forth. Indeed, the etymology of the name itself literally means "wall's end", with its modern Scots form deriving from Gàidhlig Ceann-Fháil , which in turn probably derives from a Brythonic form such as Pen-guaul . According to Nennius' History of Britain Severus was the third emperor who passed the sea to Britain, where, to protect the provinces recovered from barbaric incursions, he ordered a wall and a rampart to be made between the Britons, the Scots, and the Picts, extending across the island from sea to sea, in length one hundred and thirty-three miles: and it is called in the British language, Guaul. Moreover, he ordered it to be made between the Britons, and the Picts and Scots; for the Scots from the west, and the Picts from the north, unanimously made war against the Britons; but were at peace among themselves.

40. Ancient Lothian - Abercorn history. Abercorn is probably the site of an ancient Celtic Christian However,it could also simply refer to the Southern picts who were under the http://www.cyberscotia.com/ancient-lothian/pages/abercorn-kirk.html

abercorn kirk west lothian NT 081 791 CHURCH OF SCOTLAND Introduction Abercorn is located on the Southern shore of the River Forth, to the North of Linlithgow, towards the Western extent of modern Lothian. Click here for a location map provided by StreetMap The C12th/Modern Kirk at Abercorn History Abercorn is probably the site of an ancient Celtic Christian centre which later played a highly significant role in Scottish history, despite its modest size. St. Ninian allegedly visited Abercorn on his mission to the Southern Picts in the C5th, and following the Northumbrian defeat of Gododdin in AD 638, and the temporary subjection of the Southern Picts, Abercorn became a Northumbrian Anglian episcopal centre in AD 678 which briefly controlled South-Pictish Christianity under Bishop Trumwin. However, the Anglian hegemony in the North came to an abrupt end with their defeat by the Picts at the Battle of Dunnichen in AD 685, and Trumwin beat a hasty retreat South to Whitby. According to the Anglian historian, Bede (NB. for "English" in this translation, read "Anglian"): - Bede

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