61. Anecdotage.com - Exploration Anecdotes. Anecdotes From Yeats To Gates Seeking sponsorship for an expedition, famed Arctic explorer Ernest Shackleton o While exploring a particularly wild region of Africa, mungo park http://www.anecdotage.com/browse.php?term=Exploration

62. Link-P It is organized biennially for Africans and people of Africa descent as well mungo park was a Scottish explorer who led one of the first expeditions to http://us-africa.tripod.com/linkP.html

Links to Africa Gateway-P To have a PAN-AFRICA-RELATED-URL added to this unique collection, please forward an e-mail request to the LinkMaster for consideration. LINKMASTER Click on links in Alphabetic order A B C D ... Z Africa related Pages Click and Go [ LINK-P ] Links starting with P PAFF Established in 1992, The Pan African Film Festival (PAFF) is a non-profit corporation dedicated to the promotion of cultural and racial tolerance and understanding through the exhibition of film, art and creative expression. It is PAFF's goal to present and showcase the broad spectrum of Black creative works, particularly those that reinforce positive images and help to destroy negative stereotypes. We believe film and art can lead to better understanding and foster communication between peoples of diverse cultures, races, and lifestyles, while at the same time, serve as a vehicle to initiate dialogue on the important issues of our times. Panafest Panafest is a biennial festival of African dance, music and other performing arts that is held every two years in Ghana. A cultural event dedicated to the enhancement of the ideals of Pan-Africanism and the development of the African continent. It is organized biennially for Africans and people of Africa descent as well as all persons committed to the well being of Africans on continent and in the diaspora. The essential thrust of PANAFEST is to enhance DEVELOPMENT. Mungo Park Pax Christi Patriarch Michel SABBAH President Pax Christi Int.

63. The Baldwin Project: The Struggle For Sea Power By M. B. Synge The Adventures of mungo park from The Struggle for Sea Power by MB Synge. offered his services to the British african Society to explore this region. http://www.mainlesson.com/display.php?author=synge&book=seapower&story=mungo

64. Etched On Devon's Memory park, mungo. Travels in the interior of Africa, 2nd ed, 1799 park was thefirst modern European explorer to reach the Niger which he explored in 1795 http://www.devon.gov.uk/library/locstudy/1799par.html

Devon County Council info@devon.gov.uk County Hall, Topsham Road, Exeter EX2 4QD Devon Libraries Local Studies Service Search Home page Local studies contact Local studies home page ETCHED: E lectronic T opographical C ollections on the H eritage and E nvironment of D evon Devon Libraries home page County Council home page Collections Guides and links to Devon's local heritage collections Places Information on local communities, historical Devon gazetteer Sources Guides to using historical sources, including a history trail Subjects Search for information on a wide range of topics including book trade history Catalogues Search Devon's local studies library collections, listings of special materials People Biographies, families, portraits Special collections Collections which are not primarily of local significance but which are maintained by the local studies service Illustrations The Etched on Devon's Memory Project , photographs and portraits What's new? Newsletters, Trafalgar 1901 census Maps Historical mapping of Devon About our website Some frequently asked questions Timeline Sources for different periods of Devon's past Creator: Devon Library and Information Services Title: Local studies home page Imprint: : Devon Library Services Date: Format: Web page : HTML Series: Local studies homepage ; A00

65. AllRefer.com - Mungo Park (Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors) - Encyclopedia mungo park 1771–1806, British explorer in Africa, b. Selkirk, Scotland. After servingas a surgeon with the East India Company, he was employed by the http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/P/Park-Mun.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather September 24, 2005 Medicine People Places History ... Maps Web AllRefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors ... Mungo Park By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z P Mungo Park, Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors Related Category: Explorers, Travelers, And Conquerors Mungo Park Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa (1799). He was sent (1805) by the government to trace the Niger to its mouth, but at Bussa he and his party were attacked in their canoes and Park was drowned. See J. Thomson, Mungo Park and the River Niger (1890, repr. 1970). Topics that might be of interest to you: Niger, river, Africa Related Categories: People History History Modern Europe ... Biographies More articles from AllRefer Reference on Mungo Park SITE MAPS Encyclopedia US Gazetteer: US States A-C US States D-H US States I-L US States M ... Countries A-Z Content on this web site is provided for informational purposes only. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site. We encourage you to verify any critical information with the relevant authorities. About Us Contact Us Privacy Links Directory ... Link to AllRefer.com

66. Explorers: Africa - MavicaNET by mungo park. eng . Discoverers Web Speke and Grant English 1827–64,English explorer in Africa. He joined Sir Richard Burton in his expeditions http://www.mavicanet.com/directory/bel/35285.html

selCatSelAlt="Deselect category"; selCatDesAlt="Select category"; selSitSelAlt="Deselect site"; selSitDesAlt="Select site"; MavicaNET - Øìàòìî¢íû Ïàøóêîâû Êàòàë¸ã MavicaNet Lite - Light version Belarusian Bulgarian Croatian Czech Danish Dutch English Estonian Finnish French German Greek Hungarian Icelandic Irish Italian Latvian Lithuanian Norwegian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Serbian (cyr.) Serbian (lat.) Slovak Spanish Swedish Turkish Ukrainian åàãðàôiÿ åàãðàôiÿ: Ïà ðýãi¸íàõ åàãðàôiÿ: Àôðûêà åàãðàôiÿ ... Explorers Explorers: Africa Sites Sister categories ... Explorers: America Explorers: Antarctic Explorers: Arctic Explorers: Asia Explorers: Australia Explorers: Europe Maps of Africa Al-Idrisi (1100-1166) Cumming, Roualeyn Gordon (1820-1866) Albuquerque, Afonso de (1453–1515) Da Gama, Vasco (circa 1469-1524) ... Cousteau, Jacques-Yves (1910–1997) Sites No filters selected ... Web Resources News Job Education Personalia Organizations References and Indices Humor and entertainment Publications Chats and Forums Shopping Explorers: Africa Sites total: 53 Categories No Sorting Quality Title Rating Language Last Edit Time TRAVELS INTO THE INTERIOR OF AFRICA (1795) - English URL: http://www.travelbooks.co.uk/ext/africax.html

67. Park, Mungo --  Encyclopædia Britannica park, mungo Scottish explorer of the Niger. In 1795 mungo park, a Scottishexplorer, traveled overland from the Gambia region and reached the Niger near http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9058497

Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Mungo Park Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products Park, Mungo  Encyclopædia Britannica Article Page 1 of 1 Mungo Park born Sept. 10, 1771, Fowlshiels, Selkirk, Scot. died , c. January 1806, near Bussa on the Niger River [now in Nigeria] Scottish explorer of the Niger. Park, Mungo... (75 of 417 words) var mm = [["Jan.","January"],["Feb.","February"],["Mar.","March"],["Apr.","April"],["May","May"],["June","June"],["July","July"],["Aug.","August"],["Sept.","September"],["Oct.","October"],["Nov.","November"],["Dec.","December"]]; To cite this page: MLA style: "Park, Mungo."

68. MSN Encarta - Mungo Park park, mungo (17711806), Scottish explorer, born in Foulshiels, Selkirk. In 1795he went to Africa to explore the Niger River. Upon arriving in http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761557034/Mungo_Park.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Sign In Web Search: Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Subscription Article MSN Encarta Premium: Get this article, plus 60,000 other articles, an interactive atlas, dictionaries, thesaurus, articles from 100 leading magazines, homework tools, daily math help and more for $4.95/month or $29.95/year (plus applicable taxes.) Learn more. This article is exclusively available for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers. Already a subscriber? Sign in above. Park, Mungo Park, Mungo (1771-1806), Scottish explorer, born in Foulshiels, Selkirk. In 1795 he went to Africa to explore the Niger River. Upon arriving in... Related Items Important Explorations (table) exploration 5 items Quotations Civilization: The sight of it gave… Want more Encarta? Become a subscriber today and gain access to: Daily Math Help Literature Guides Researcher Tools Paper-Writing Guides 60,000 + articles Interactive Atlas Magazine Center Find more about Park, Mungo from Related Items Other Features from Encarta Nigeria Search Encarta for Park, Mungo

69. Congo Free State Stanley Leopold Africa Europe Leopold's by mungo parkmungo park ( September 20, 1771 1806) was a Scottish explorer of CongoCongo is the name of two countries in Central Africa Republic of http://www.economicexpert.com/a/Congo:Free:State.htm

var GLB_RIS='http://www.economicexpert.com';var GLB_RIR='/cincshared/external';var GLB_MMS='http://www.economicexpert.com';var GLB_MIR='/site/image';GLB_MML='/'; document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); A1('s',':','html'); Non User A B C ... Home First Prev [ 1 Next Last The Congo Free State was a private kingdom owned by Leopold II of Belgium between about and that included the entire area now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo . The kingdom was the scene of exploitation greed , and mass killings and maimings of those who opposed Leopold's rule or who did not work hard enough as forced laborers in rubber plantations or other profit-making ventures. In , after Leopold's activities had finally been exposed in the Western press, it became, at least in theory, an orthodox colony of Belgium , and known as the Belgian Congo 1 European exploration The Congo River was the last part of the Africa n continent to yield to European explorers. One by one the other great mysteries had been investigated: the coasts by Prince Henry the Navigator 's Portuguese Republica Portuguesa ( In Detail) National motto: None Official language Portuguese 3 Capital Lisbon President Jorge Sampaio Prime Minister Pedro Santana Lopes Area Total % water World ranking: 109th 92,391 km²0. 5 % Population Total ( 2004) Density World

70. Mary Heebner - Editorial - "Interview With T.C. Boyle" mungo park Your first novel is based on an obscure Scottish explorer named mungo In England, park s book, Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa, http://www.maryheebner.com/thework/editorial/mungo_park/mungopark.html

"Interview with T.C. Boyle" Mungo Park by Mary Heebner An Irish tough from a Jewish New York 'hood, T.Coraghessan Boyle earned a Ph.D. in British Literature from the University of Iowa after attending the Iowa Writer's Workshop in the mid '70s. He completed Water Music in 1981 and won the PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction with World's End in 1987. His Road to Wellville, published in 1993, was recently made into a film starring Anthony Hopkins. Boyle lives near Santa Barbara with his wife and three children and is currently working on a historical novel examining turn-of-the-twentieth-century psychiatry, schizophrenia, and twisted love among the megawealthy who settled the upper crust of the place he now calls home. Mungo Park: Your first novel is based on an obscure Scottish explorer named Mungo Park. How did you learn of him? T. Coraghessan Boyle: I was doing my Ph.D. in nineteenth-century British literature and was reading John Ruskin, who mentions that Mungo Park was a terrific hero who went to discover the Niger River, but look what he did to his family: he left his wife and kids behind, took off on this adventure and died! So I thought I would examine that. In England, Park's book, Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa, upon which I based Water Music, is well-known. In America, Mungo was pretty much unheard of until I wrote the book.

71. History Of Africa: AD 1 To 1994 179596, Scottish explorer mungo park travels through Gambia and reaches Niger 1805-06, mungo park explores Niger river, West Africa http://home.vicnet.net.au/~neils/africa/africa-history.htm

HOME History of Africa AD 1 Revolt of Tacfarinas, Numidian leader, against Roman government in North Africa Mauretania (now northern Morocco and northwestern Algeria) annexed by Rome Roman force explores up the Nile Valley into Sudan AD 100 c. 100 Aksum becomes capital of major state in Eritrea, northern Ethiopia Revolt of Jewish community in Cyrenaica (northeastern Libya) against Roman administration Libyan Septimius Severus is emperor of Rome AD 200 c. 200 Roman emperor Septimius Severus strengthens frontier defences in North Africa with chain of forts and long ditches Revolt in Africa against Roman rule begins half-century of unrest Emperor Diocletian reorganizes local government in North Africa AD 300 c. 300 - 400 Bantu cereal cultivators in southeast Africa begin to herd cattle c. 330 - 40 Beginning of conversion of kingdom of Aksum in Ethiopia-Eritrea to Christianity, by Bishop Frumentius c. 350 End of Kushite civilization at Meroe; it is possibly brought down by invasion from kingdom of Aksum c. 397

72. Timeline Mali 1805 Jan 31, mungo park set sail from Portsmouth to Africa where he planned 1830 Richard Lander, British explorer, completed mungo park’s journey down http://timelines.ws/countries/MALI.HTML

Timeline Mali Return to algis.com AfricaIndex: http://www.africaindex.africainfo.no/pages/Country_pages/Mali/ CIA Factbook: http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ml.html NewAfrica: http://www.newafrica.com/profiles/mali.htm Travel Docs: http://www.traveldocs.com/ml/index.htm WDR: http://travel.dk.com/wdr/ML/mML_Intr.htm World History KLMA: http://www.stabi.hs-bremerhaven.de/gbs2/whkmla/ The Wodaabe nomads number about 40-50,000 and move constantly across the Sahel between Niger, Mali and Northern Nigeria. They are of Fulani origin, a race scattered all over West Africa. (SFEM, 10/11/98, p.40) Mali is larger than California and Texas combined and had a population in 2004 of some 12 million people. (WSJ, 6/22/04, p.A1) 1000-1100 The desert village of Araouane, 161 miles north of Timbuktu, was first mentioned about this time. It was a wealthy settlement that flourished off the caravans and drew water from 150-foot wells. (AM, Mar/Apr 97 p.84) c1100 Timbuktu was founded about this time as a seasonal Tuareg nomad camp around a well that was maintained by a group of slaves under an old woman, Buktu, "the place of Buktu." (AM, 11/00, p.51)(SSFC, 4/11/04, p.D6)

73. Saharan Exploration mungo park (17711806) 1795-96 A Scot, commissioned by the african Associationto explore the River Niger. Set out from the River Gambia and got to the http://www.manntaylor.com/explore.html

Index Index The153 Club The Agades Cross People of the Sahara Saharan Landscapes ... Jim Mann Taylor's Home Page Index Index The153 Club The Agades Cross People of the Sahara Saharan Landscapes ... Jim Mann Taylor's Home Page Saharan Exploration A potted history of Saharan knowledge gathering and exploration through the centuries. ( ) indicates dates of birth and death. [ ] indicates dates of African travels. Herodotus born c. 484 BC Herodotus in his Histories mentions for example the Garamantes of Libya. Click for Quotations Al Idrisi (1100-1166) born in Cueta. Wrote a medieval geography The Book of Roger . Created a map of the world in 70 sections. Ibn Battuta (1304-1369) [1349-53] Born at Tangier in 1304, Battuta was to travel the world including Jordan, Arabia, Iraq, Iran, Somalia, Tanzania, Crimea, Balkans, Russia, Central Asia, India, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Assam, Bengal,Malaya, Indonesia, China, Spain and the West African states. Wrote The Travels of Ibn Battuta.

74. Niger - Columbia Encyclopedia® Article About Niger 1795 to 1797 did mungo park park, mungo, 1771–1806, British explorer in Africa,b. Because, from mungo park, assassinated on the Niger, to Vogel, http://columbia.thefreedictionary.com/Niger

Domain='thefreedictionary.com' word='Niger' Your help is needed: American Red Cross The Salvation Army join mailing list webmaster tools Word (phrase): Word Starts with Ends with Definition subscription: Dictionary/ thesaurus Computing dictionary Medical dictionary Legal dictionary Financial dictionary Acronyms Columbia encyclopedia Wikipedia encyclopedia Hutchinson encyclopedia Niger Also found in: Dictionary/thesaurus Acronyms Wikipedia 0.03 sec. Page tools Printer friendly Cite / link Email Feedback Niger, in the Bible Niger , in the Bible: see Simeon Second son of Jacob and Leah and ancestor of the southernmost tribe of Israel. He and his tribe are seldom mentioned individually. Devout man who blessed Jesus when He was presented in the Temple. He uttered Nunc dimittis . Simeon Niger, early Christian, prominent in Antioch. Click the link for more information. Niger, country, Africa Niger , officially Republic of Niger, republic (1996 est. pop. 9,500,000), 489,189 sq mi (1,267,000 sq km), W Africa. It borders on Burkina Faso and Mali in the west, on Algeria and Libya in the north, on Chad in the east, and on Nigeria and Benin in the south. Niamey Niamey Click the link for more information.

75. Actress Mariel Hemingway Retraces Her Grandfather's Footsteps Through Cuba This mungo park is best experienced with Microsoft Internet explorer 3.0 or higherand Netscape Navigator 3.0 or higher. Both the Macintosh platform and the http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/1997/Jul97/cubamspr.mspx

Microsoft.com Home Site Map Search Microsoft.com for: PressPass Home PR Contacts Fast Facts About Microsoft Site Map ... RSS Feeds Microsoft News Product News Consumer News International Contacts Legal News ... News Archive Corporate Information Microsoft Executives Fast Facts About Microsoft Image Gallery Related Sites Analyst Relations Community Affairs Essays on Technology Executive E-Mail ... Microsoft Research Actress Mariel Hemingway Retraces Her Grandfather's Footsteps Through Cuba This Month on Mungo Park Celebrating the Life and Times of Author Ernest Hemingway in Cuba It is an island of the forbidden and the familiar. Located just 90 miles from U.S. soil, Cuba is a paradox. Baseball, Chevys and rock 'n' roll are a resonant part of the culture, yet, on the flip side, possession of American currency can land a person in jail. Celebrated American author Ernest Hemingway spent the final years of his life in Cuba. This month the Mungo Park online adventure magazine (http://mungopark.com/) , published by the Microsoft "Hemingway loved Cuba," said Richard Bangs, Mungo Park editor in chief. "So much so that when he won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1954, he gave the medal to the people of Cuba." Mariel is the voice of July's live expedition, called Hemingway in Cuba, exclusively on Mungo Park In a series of daily reports from the field from July 17 to 19, Mariel makes her first visit to the island, exploring her grandfather's old haunts, nature reserves and the beautiful bay after which she was named.

76. Art Journal: Impossible Cities, Improbable Artists: Encounters With Africa At Th The trope of the white explorer of Africa is by now a cliche, Compounded byreferences to mungo park, an archetypal colonial explorer, the narrative http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0425/is_4_63/ai_n8686706

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles Art Journal Winter 2004 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Related Searches Books / Book reviews Africas: The Artist and the City (Book) / Book reviews Georges Adeagbo: Archeology of Motivations - Rewriting History (Book) / Book reviews Featured Titles for ALAN Review Afterimage American Drama American Music Teacher ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Impossible cities, improbable artists: encounters with Africa at the edges of memory Art Journal Winter, 2004 by Sylvester Okwunodu Ogbechie Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Africas: The Artist and the City; A Journey and an Exhibition. Essays by Pep Subiros, Simon Njami, Kobena Mercer, Yacouba Konate, Kan-Si, and Akinbode Akinbiyi. Barcelona: Centre de Cultural Contemporania de Barcelona, 2001. 224 pp., 219 color ills., 135 b/w. $39.95 paper. Georges Adeagbo: Archeology of Motivations; Rewriting History. Edited and with an introduction by Silvia Eiblmayr. Essays by Okwui Enwezor, Elizabeth Harney, Stephan Kohler, Harald Szeemann, and others. Ostfildern-Ruit: Hatje Cantz Verlag, 2002. 107 pp., 48 color ills., 2 b/w. $16.95 paper.

77. Art Journal: Impossible Cities, Improbable Artists: Encounters With Africa At Th mungo park (17711806) was a Scottish explorer in West Africa reputed to be thefirst European to encounter the River Niger. park s claim that he http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0425/is_4_63/ai_n8686706/pg_3

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles Art Journal Winter 2004 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Related Searches Books / Book reviews Africas: The Artist and the City (Book) / Book reviews Georges Adeagbo: Archeology of Motivations - Rewriting History (Book) / Book reviews Featured Titles for ALAN Review Afterimage American Drama American Music Teacher ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Impossible cities, improbable artists: encounters with Africa at the edges of memory Art Journal Winter, 2004 by Sylvester Okwunodu Ogbechie Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Continued from page 2. All the authors note the esoteric nature of Adeagbo's installations, not to indulge in some fantasy of the contemporary African artist as a "fetish"-bound primitive, but to emphasize the importance of visions produced by individuals whose conceptions of reality diverge from the norms of their indigenous societies. Although lionized within the international biennial circuit for his work, Adeagbo was viewed with consternation by some members of his own Beninois society who perceived his cryptic assemblages as an unstructured (hence dangerous) involvement with geomancy. Herein perhaps lay the reasons for previous frequent attempts by members of his family to commit Adeagbo to a mental hospital since, by his own admission, he would not submit to the spiritual ministrations of his society's Vodun priests and thus refused to be educated about Vodun's metaphysical order of being.

78. Alibris: Travel Africa Travels in the interior of Africa more books like this by park, mungo His illuminating search for the african elephant leads him to explore other http://www.alibris.com/search/books/subject/Travel Africa/page/6

You'll find it at Alibris! Log in here Over 50 million used, new and out-of-print books! CART ACCOUNT WISHLIST HELP ... SEARCH search in Books Music: All CD Vinyl Movies: All DVD VHS by title / ISBN by author / artist by subject / genre my email address unsubscribe here your shopping cart order status wish list ... help browse BOOKS Your search: Books Subject: Travel Africa Narrow your results by: Audiobook Fiction Nonfiction Eligible for FREE shipping Narrow results by title Narrow results by author Narrow results by subject Narrow results by keyword Narrow results by publisher or refine further Page of 20 sort results by Top-Selling Used Price New Price Title Author My Kenya Days more books like this by Thesiger, Wilfred see all copies from new only from signed copies first editions SVS Baraka and Black Magic in Morocco ... more books like this by Smith, Rick (Illustrator), and Alternative Comics (Creator) This stunning graphic novel details cartoonist Rick Smith's travels with his wife Tania throughout Morocco, from Tangiers through the Sahara Desert and on the Marrakech and Casablanca. From hassles with transportation and the locals to language barriers and drugged carpet sales, this travelogue is a whirlwind through pre-9/11 Morocco. see all copies from new only from first editions SVS The Danakil Diary: Journeys Through Abyssinia, 1930-34

79. National Geographic Adventure Mag.: Excerpts--Dec. 2002/Jan. 2003 Old Ségou must have looked much the same to Scottish explorer mungo park, Racing down Africa s surly Niger River, our photographer captures timeless http://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/0301/story.html

Adventure Main E-Mail the Editors Adventure ... Subscribe December 2002/January 2003 Excerpts From the Print Edition, December 2002/January 2003 Buried Alive and Loving It: Inside Avalanches Leading Edge: The State of the Outdoor Arts Mungo Made Me Do It Writer KIRA SALAK's aim was audacious: To paddle nearly 600 miles [966 kilometers] down the Niger River, a hazardous journey, inspired by legendary Scottish explorer Mungo Park, that no person had ever completed solo. She was slightly crazy, people thought; highly determined, she knew; and completely alone: in a little red boat, en route to Timbuktu. And now, at the very hour I have decided to leave, a thunderstorm bursts open the skies, sending down apocalyptic rain, washing away the ground beneath my feet. It is the rainy season in Mali, for which there can be no comparison in the world. Lightning pierces trees, slices across houses. Thunder wracks the skies and pounds the Earth like mortar fire, and every living thing huddles in its tenuous shelter, expecting the world to end. Which it doesn't. At least not this time. So we all give a collective sigh to the salvation from the passing storm as it rumbles east, and I survey the river I'm to depart on this morning.

80. Chocolat enabling the narrative to explore the problematic dyadic relationships of a past and an africanAmerican man, mungo park (Emmet Judson Williamson). http://www.sensesofcinema.com/contents/cteq/01/17/chocolat.html

contents great directors cteq annotations top tens ... search Chocolat by Diana Sandars Diana Sandars is a Ph D candidate in Cinema Studies at the Department of Fine Arts, Classical Studies and Archaeology at the University of Melbourne, where she teaches in the Cinema Studies program. Chocolat (1988 France 105mins) Source : NLA/CAC Prod Co Prod Dir : Claire Denis Scr : Denis, Jean-Pol Fargeau Phot : Robert Alazraki Cam Op Ed : Claudine Merle, Monica Coleman, Sylvie Quester, Marie-Claire Quin Art Dir : Thierry Flamand Mus : Abdullah Ibrahim Songs performed by Dollar Brand. Cast Chocolat is a semi-autobiographical film that functions as a political allegory examining gender, age and colonial relationships. Claire Denis has employed the term Chocolat Chocolat sensitively portrays a young woman's return to her native home in Africa which conjures memories of French colonial life on an outpost in Cameroon in 1957. It is the first in a trilogy, followed by S'en fout la mort No Fear, No Die 1990) and concluding with J'ai pas sommeil I Can't Sleep 1993). The film is important both because it's Denis' directorial debut and because it's portrayed from the perspective of a female ex-coloniser. Prior to this Denis had worked with Jim Jarmusch on

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