81. Manas: History And Politics Of India n the conventional narrative, Indian history begins with the birth of the In 1971, India crushed pakistan in a short war that also saw the birth of http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/southasia/History/mainhist.html

POLITICS Ancient India British India Mughals and ... Hindu Rashtra "The Path shown by Bapu is the solution to the present problems". Mary I. Vanvahati/ GandhiServ e, 7th class, S.N. Kansagara School, Rajkot, India. Prize winner in the running inter-school drawing competition "GANDHI AS I SEE HIM", Rajkot, India, 1991, organized by Gandhi Information Center, Germany T T N

82. Wide Angle. The Rock Star And The Mullahs . Timeline | PBS This timeline of pakistan s political history provides a framework in which tobetter understand the tensions at work in the nation today. http://www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/shows/junoon/timeline.html

Since the founding of Pakistan as an Islamic state under the provisions of the Indian Independence Act of 1947, the nation has struggled between its Muslim heritage and the ideals of secular governance. Although the country's first constitution, adopted in 1956, set up a parliamentary system of governance, military generals have ruled for the better part of its history. This timeline of Pakistan's political history provides a framework in which to better understand the tensions at work in the nation today. Click on tabs to review Pakistan's history. photo: Reuters/Mian Khursheed Pakistan Interactive Map - Find out about Pakistan's ethnic and regional diversity. Debate - Experts discuss issues related to Islam and democracy. Nation Divided Photo Essay - Trace India's post-Ayodhya religious strife. India Debate - Read two views of India's modern identity. India Timeline - Learn more about the history of relations between India's Hindus and Muslims.

83. Indian History, Mughals, Akbar To Aurangzeb, Mughal Legacy: Afghanistan, Pakista No period in Indian history has drawn as much attention and scholarly research regional administrators declared their independence in the Afghan region, http://members.tripod.com/~INDIA_RESOURCE/mughal.html

setAdGroup('67.18.104.18'); var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "tripod.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" Search: Lycos Tripod Dukes of Hazzard Share This Page Report Abuse Edit your Site ... Next SOUTH ASIAN HISTORY History of the Mughals in the Indian Subcontinent The Rise and Fall of the Mughals A Revaluation of their Role in Indian History No period in Indian history has drawn as much attention and scholarly research as has the period in Indian history that corresponds with Mughal rule. Western and many Indian historians alike have focused on the reign of the Mughals almost to the point of total neglect and exclusion of other periods in Indian history. In-depth investigation of other ruling dynasties whether subordinate to the Mughals (such as the lesser-known Rajputs or Bundelkhandis) or preceding them (such as the Parmars, Kakathiyas, or Sharqis) or their southern contemporaries (such as Tamil Nadu's Pandyas) has rarely attracted the scholarly attention of influential historians, and often their role in Indian history has been seen as peripheral to that of the Mughals, or their contribution to Indian civilization seen as tangential and marginal. Journalists, art critics and popular historians have been particularly infected by such biases, and even highly respected art critics and social scientists have written quite dismissively of India's regional kingdoms that preceded Mughal rule or rose in the wake of it's precipitous decline.

84. Conflict Between India, Pakistan Runs Deep As two nations united by history but divided by destiny, The friction betweenIndia and pakistan is relevant to the rest of the world not only because http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9708/India97/shared/sibling.rivalry/

ALSO: India related sites Pakistan related sites India at a glance Pakistan at a glance ... Multimedia Conflict between India, Pakistan runs deep In this story: Partition, bloody partition Young governments, old wounds A s two nations united by history but divided by destiny, India and Pakistan are almost like two estranged siblings. Their rivalries over five decades have prevented both countries from realizing their full economic and geopolitical potential. The two countries have fought three wars, two of them over the disputed region of Kashmir. The region is small, but nestled in the foothills of the Himalayas, its strategic importance and beauty make it a prized possession. The friction between India and Pakistan is relevant to the rest of the world not only because both are the newest members of the nuclear club; it also affects the stability and economic potential of region that includes more than a billion people, some 950 million in India alone. Partition, bloody partition B ut the countries' historic disputes over Kashmir will not be resolved easily. The seeds for division were sown in their partition. Britain, bowing to religious schisms at the time, carved the Muslim state of Pakistan out of Indian territory. The Hindu ruler of the predominantly Muslim area of Kashmir acceded later to India - an action which Pakistan never recognized.

85. THE BUS TO PAKISTAN Vajpayee s visit to pakistan was the first by an Indian Prime Minister in a As one awaits the verdict of history, it can be safely said that the bus http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl1605/16050040.htm

India's National Magazine From the publishers of THE HINDU Vol. 16 :: No. 05 :: Feb. 27 - Mar. 12, 1999 INDIA AND PAKISTAN THE BUS TO PAKISTAN Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee's bus ride to Wagah and the promises he and his host, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, made later in Lahore to the people of India and Pakistan are only a big first step in a very long journey to friendship between the two countries. AMIT BARUAH in Lahore THE ice has been broken at last. When Atal Behari Vajpayee crossed the Wagah border checkpost on February 20, he not only negotiated a formidable physical barrier but also broke through the mental barriers that prevented better relations between India and Pakistan. However, whether the initiative amounts to a genuine forward movement in terms of bilateral relations remains an open question. In terms of atmospherics, it was an extraordinary occasion indeed - questions about needed substance notwithstanding. As the golden-coloured bus from Delhi, bound for Lahore, came to a carefully rehearsed stop, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif opened the gate of Pakistan to receive the Prime Minister of India and his delegation of eminent persons, who had boarded the Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) bus at Amritsar airport. Vajpayee's visit to Pakistan was the first by an Indian Prime Minister in a decade - the last one was by Rajiv Gandhi in July 1989. On his arrival at Wagah, Vajpayee described the visit as a "defining moment" in South Asian history. As one awaits the verdict of history, it can be safely said that the bus journey and its symbolism conveyed to the people of both countries that there is a desire at the highest level to overcome the bitterness and to improve relations.

86. Current History Index 2004 This is the complete listing for all of Current history s articles, by title andauthor, Musharraf s pakistan A Nation on the Edge, April, 151 http://www.currenthistory.com/index04.html

January - December 2004: Volume 103, Numbers 669-677. SUBJECTS or View By AUTHORS Africa Africa's Oil and American National Security, May, 226 Africa's Young Guerrillas: Rebels with a Cause? May, 211 "Compassionate Conservatism" Comes to Africa, May, 232 Killing for Christ? The Lord's Resistance Army of Uganda, May, 206 Libya: Who Blinked, and Why, May, 221 The New South Africa, a Decade Later, May, 195 Nigeria's Democratic Generals, May, 215 Ten Years After, Rwanda Tries Reconciliation, May, 202 China and East Asia Asia in the Balance: America and China's "Peaceful Rise," Sept., 284 Beijing's Ambivalent Reformers, Sept., 249 China and Europe: The Emerging Axis, Sept., 243 Hong Kong: "One Country, Two Systems" in Troubled Waters, Sept., 290 Japan: America's New South Korea? Sept., 280 The Latin Americanization of China? Sept., 256 The Mao(r) Industry, Sept., 268 North Korea's Nuclear Politics, Sept., 273 Repression and Revolt in China's Wild West, Sept., 262 Europe All in the (Dysfunctional) Family? Transatlantic Relations after Iraq, Nov., 355 The Atlantic Alliance in Crisis, Nov., 364

87. Download Interdisciplinary, Cross-regional And Standard-specific Units, Outreach Outreach World Download interdisciplinary, crossregional and standard-specific A weblinks directory to South Asian history, cultures and literatures. http://www.outreachworld.org/searchresources.asp?countryid=293

88. HDF --- Offices pakistan Offices. Chief Operating Officer Mr. Azhar Saleem regional OfficeMardan. regional Program Manager Mr.Rehmatullah Khattak http://www.yespakistan.com/hdf/whoweare/offices.asp

Pakistan: Sunday, September 25, 2005, 4:15:29 AM Pak Newsletter E-mail Archive Pak Toolbar Pakistan Alert Network Personal Calendar YesPakistan.com Chat! Pak Weather! ... Compare Phone Rates Pak Search Your Opinion Counts How can Education in Pakistan be made Practical? Establishing more non-formal education instutions Introducing more hands-on training courses Emphsizing comprehension more than memorization Implementing quality curriculum that's relevant View Results View Previous Poll Results Have We not appointed to him two eyes, and a tongue and two lips, and guide him on the two high ways? Yet he has not assaulted the steep; and what shall teach thee what is the steep? Freeing a slave, or giving food upon a day of hunger, to an orphan near of kin, or a needy man in misery; then that he become of those who believe, and counsel each other to be steadfast, and counsel each other to be merciful. Quran 90: 6. Human Development Foundation HDF OFFICES North America Office Human Development Foundation of North America 1350 Remington Road, Suite W

89. Center For South Asia Outreach Lessons Plans An extensive reference on the political history of pakistan with a An extremelyinformative website on pakistan s history (colonial and postcolonial), http://www.wisc.edu/southasiaoutreach/lessons/pakistan/

90. British Association Pakistan Studies pakistan, the second largest South Asian country after India and one of the Seen against the backdrop of the vital global and regional developments, http://iias.leidenuniv.nl/iiasn/iiasn7/south/baps.html

The British Association for Pakistan Studies Pakistan, the second largest South Asian country after India and one of the major actors in the politics of the Muslim world, has been the focus of a sustained academic inquiry dwelling on multiple and interlocking themes including Islam in South Asia, Muslim identity formation, nation-building, ethnicity, state formation and geo-politics. But such academic pursuits have been largely within a historiographical context at research institutes and universities, whereas institutionally, Pakistan has not received the sort of individualist attention that the country and its plural society deserve. By Iftikhar H. Malik A forum for unbiased debate The BAPS has made it a tradition to hold 4 to 5 meetings per academic year along with co- sponsoring special conferences or workshops. Managed by a committee, the BAPS invites specialists to present their views in the form of open lectures followed by the comments by discussants before opening the session to general discussion. The committee is headed by Sir Oliver Forster, former British Ambassador to Pakistan, and Dr David Taylor of SOAS, holds the office of vice-president. Professor Saeed Durrani of the University of Birmingham and myself respectively hold the offices of secretary and treasurer. Kashmir: a disputed legacy

91. 6.Conclusion.html As part of the province of Bengal up to 1947, its history has a microcosmicquality when The creation of pakistan, and subsequently of Bangladesh, http://www.une.edu.au/~arts/SouthAsiaNet/publications/bangladesh&indianocean/6co

table of contents introduction chapter 1 chapter 2 ... bibliography CONCLUSION The foreign policy which Bangladesh developed in the period of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's administration was the product of its cumulative historical experience as part of India, subsequently as a segment of Pakistan, and finally as a sovereign state in a rapidly changing world. As part of the province of Bengal up to 1947, its history has a microcosmic quality when related to Indian history, although certain circumstances prevailing in Bengal, which have been considered in the first chapter, also contribute to its uniqueness. Movements which began in Bengal as a response to purely local political conditions were often the forerunners to national political developments in the twentieth century, of which the growth of modern Muslim communalism is the most striking example. The creation of Pakistan, and subsequently of Bangladesh, was made possible, though not inevitable, by these antecedents. The emergence of Bangladesh had sometimes encouraged the interpretation of all Muslim Bengali nationalism as part of a process which led unswervingly to its creation, as if that were always the intention of those Bengalis active in Pakistani, and later, East Pakistani political agitation. This is untenable an assertion as that the growth of Muslim separatist politics led inevitably to Pakistan, as Pakistani historiography sometimes suggest.

92. Punjabi Heroes That History Forgot: Ideas & Identities Of India Pakistan Punjabi Heroes that history Forgot Chowk is where paths intersect; Exactly likewhen Bengalis in East pakistan made common cause with each other on http://www.chowk.com/show_article.cgi?aid=00002813&channel=gulberg&start=0&end=9

93. India-Kashmir-Pakistan: Perceptions On The History Of Partition : Ideas & Identi IndiaKashmir-pakistan Perceptions on the history of Partition Chowk is where If we start history at 1947, it will seem that pakistan has been at the http://www.chowk.com/show_article.cgi?aid=00000967&channel=chaathouse

94. Public Information Notice: IMF Concludes 2002 Article IV Consultation With Pakis pakistan entered the 21st century with both high poverty rates and severe inflation in 2001/02 was 2.7 percent, one of the lowest in pakistan s history. http://www.finance.gov.pk/other/imf.html

Public Information Notice (PIN) No. 02/128 November 6, 2002 International Monetary Fund 700 19th Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20431 USA IMF Concludes 2002 Article IV Consultation with Pakistan Public Information Notices (PINs) are issued, (i) at the request of a member country, following the conclusion of the Article IV consultation for countries seeking to make known the views of the IMF to the public. This action is intended to strengthen IMF surveillance over the economic policies of member countries by increasing the transparency of the IMF's assessment of these policies; and (ii) following policy discussions in the Executive Board at the decision of the Board. Background The authorities' comprehensive structural reform agenda, focusing on improved governance, was steadfastly implemented in the past two years. Progress has been made in particular in tax policy and tax administration reform, fiscal accountability and transparency, trade reform, energy pricing, privatization, and financial sector restructuring. Reform of social service delivery is also underway, with an ambitious devolution plan aimed at empowering the population at the grassroots level. In the wake of September 11, the privatization program has experienced delays for the more difficult cases (notably KESC), largely reflecting the difficulties in global equity markets and security concerns.

95. The New Republic Online July Surprise? This afternoon, pakistan s interior minister announced that pakistani forces F16s to pakistan, which it desperately wants in order to tilt the regional http://www.tnr.com/doc.mhtml?i=20040719&s=aaj071904

96. Human Rights & Human Welfare · Review Digest Fighting Terrorism in Southern Asia The Lessons of history. The articleargues that bringing an end to the Indiapakistan Kashmir conflict will deter http://www.du.edu/gsis/hrhw/digest/terrorism/pakistan/region.htm

Working Papers Review Digest Review Essays Book Notes ... Pakistan Regional Questions Kashmir Indian Policy Human Rights in Pakistan Terrorism and Pakistan ... Links Terrorism in the Region 2002. "The Case for the Undecided." New Statesman ABSTRACT: Discusses the question of whether terrorism can be justified. Mention of the use of terrorism in the Arab-Israeli conflict and in the war between Pakistan and India over the Kashmir territory; Suicide bombings; Role of violence in political persuasion; Issue of civilian casualties and human rights. K. Shankar Bajpai . 2003. "Untangling India and Pakistan ." Foreign Affairs The article looks at the nature of the issues involved in the confrontation between India and Pakistan and explores possibilities for resolving them. It is sympathetic to India and claims that Pakistan pursues contradictory policies in that it has aligned itself with the U.S.-led War on Terrorism, yet fosters cross-border terrorism in Kashmir Zulfiqar a Bhutta and Samiran Nundy 2002. "Commentary: The Myth of Nuclear Deterrence in

97. Brama - Gateway Ukraine, UkraiNEWStand And Community Press LATEST HEADLINES — regional National - International movement that lastedfrom 1945 to 1990 and is now the subject of an oral history project. http://www.brama.com/ukraine/

BRAMA About UKRAINE ADVERTISEMENT www.aerosvit.com ukraiNEWStand BRAMA Press ABOUT UKRAINE (Main) HISTORY OF UKRAINE ... Links Sat, September 24, 2005, 18:15 EDT Main BRAMA Home Submit press release Submit news article links Search BRAMA Press All NEWS full search NEWS Regional-National-Int'l Politics/Election 2004 Diaspora/Community Travel ... BRAMA Press Forums E-mail Lists Classified Help Wanted Situations wanted Real Estate Ukr Real Estate Oth ... Miscellaneous Features Politics Ukrainian Easter Easter Shopping New Museum ... TOP To FIND a word on any page: CTRL-F and type your search term archive ... Editorial: Ukraine's lighter shade of orange Wash Times Prime Minister Yekhanurov – the president’s man, loves teaching and Chekhov ... General's final journey: Body of Russian Civil War army leader to be reburied in Moscow [Antonin Ivanovich Denikin] (Asbury Park Press) 09/24/2005 Photo: Ukrainian Defense Minister Anatoly Gritsenko puts Ukrainian army captain epaulettes on the shoulder of President Viktor Yushchenko during military exercises near Zhytomyr AP/Yahoo Delimitation of the Sea of Azov, Black Sea and the Kerch Strait discussed at Ukrainian - Russian meeting in Kiev Forum ... Foreign Minister of Ukraine Arrives in Moscow (Kommersant) 09/23/2005 New Ukrainian PM to visit Russia soon Interfax-Russia Yushchenko overcomes crisis in Ukraine Financial Times ... «Ñèíåíüê³» íà ïîìàðàí÷åâîìó ïîë³: Þð³é ªõàíóðîâ ñòàâ Ïðåì'ºð-ì³í³ñòðîì. Äî éîãî «êîðîíàöi¿» ïðèëó÷èëèñÿ äåïóòàòè-«ðåãiîíàëè» â ïîâíîìó ñêëàäi i ÷àñòèíà ÁÞÒiâöiâ

98. South Asia Studies (FriSun), American Institute of pakistan Studies (co-sponsored event) SecondBiennial International Conference of pakistan Studies pakistan in World- http://www.southasia.upenn.edu/

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA Home About Newsletter ... Penn Department of South Asia Studies The South Asia Studies Department at the University of Pennsylvania , founded in 1948, is the oldest South Asia area studies program in the nation. The Department is home for all faculty teaching South Asia languages and cultures, ancient and modern, with dual appointments of faculty in other disciplinary departments where appropriate. The Graduate Group in South Asia Studies includes all standing faculty in the SASt Department and a broad range of faculty in other disciplinary departments and schools. The South Asia Center coordinates faculty drawn from many departments and several schools who participate in decisions of the Center in developing community and University-wide programs and activities pertaining to South Asia. Note: In the last week of May 2004, the Department moved back into Williams Hall. Academic Programs Requirements for undergraduate and graduate degrees. Courses New: Fall 2005 timetable. People/Contact Faculty, staff and students.

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