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         Pakistan History Regional:     more books (15)
  1. Kashmir conflict: Secessionist movement, mobilization and political institutions. (book review): An article from: Pacific Affairs by Reeta Chowdhari Tremblay, 2001-12-22

21. SAPRA INDIA: Regional Issues: Pakistan Needs To Be Re-Structured
The case of former East pakistan is perhaps the only example in history of a The onus is now on the regional countries to help pakistan structure its
http://www.subcontinent.com/sapra/regional/regional20001001b.html
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Pakistan Needs to be Re-Structured
Mohammad Anwar, the Chief Organiser of the MQM, argues that the security situation in the entire South Asian region will be jeopardised with Pakistan''s nuclear button in the hands of religious fanatics and an extremist Pakistani Army. When we refer to the word Punjabi, we mean, the Army, Civil Bureaucracy and the ISI (Inter-Service Intelligence Agency), all of them hail from Punjab. The Punjabi Army, the Civil Bureaucracy and the ISI could not quench their thirst having drunk the rights and the blood of the Bengali nation and half of the rest of the country. The Punjabi Army, Civil Bureaucracy and the ISI started marginalizing the Baloch, the Pakhtuns and the Sindhis. Since 19th June 1992, having usurped the socio-economic and political rights of the Mohajir nation, they are committing near-genocide and "ethnic elimination" of Mohajirs in general and the MQM leaders, office bearers, workers, supporters and their relatives, in particular. A Mohajir cannot become the Chief Minister of Sindh province despite being in majority. The mandate given to the MQM by the Mohajir nation has never been accepted even though MQM formed coalition governments with the Pakistan People's Party and the Pakistan Muslim League every time they formed the Government since 1988. These alliances were made by the MQM to provide the ruling oligarchies a means to resolve the Mohajir issue through democratic, peaceful methods and meaningful dialogue. However, the Mohajirs were betrayed each time and the Punjabi army, bureaucracy and the ISI chose the military option to annihilate innocent, unarmed, peace loving and law abiding Mohajirs.

22. SAPRA INDIA: Regional Issues: Pakistan, A Failed State
He said pakistan is ruled by 46 families and that the Mohajir population of over The reasons for this failure are buried deep in history, which we must
http://www.subcontinent.com/sapra/regional/regional20001001d.html
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Pakistan, A Failed State
Syed Ahmed Tariq Mir, Member of the Central Co-ordination Committee, MQM, said in the SAPRA conference, that the effects of partition are visible in Pakistan even after 53 years of independence. He said Pakistan is ruled by 46 families and that the Mohajir population of over 30 million is being kept hostage by the Punjabi dominated Pakistani establishment A government will be considered a failure if it does not do all it can to serve its people with all the resources at its disposal. Problems arise when governments of the poorer countries fail to serve their people due to lack of direction, self-interest, corruption and incompetence. Naturally, a country as a whole is dubbed a failed nation when its people are not served. When the Baloch, Pakhtoons and Sindhis demanded their rights and fair share in the resources of the country they were mercilessly crushed by Punjabi forces. When the Mohajirs (immigrants from India) under the leadership of Altaf Hussain raised their voice in the Sindh province against the Punjabi establishment, they were targeted by the ISI - Inter Services Intelligence of Pakistan. Finally, a full blown army operation was launched on 19th June 1992 against Mohajirs and their representative political party, the MQM. These atrocities are continuing till today in one form or another. The appetite of the Punjabi establishment to usurp the resources of the smaller provinces is insatiable. This is creating instability in the country. Smaller provinces want to see an economically stronger and prosperous Pakistan, where all provinces are treated in equal footing and their rights respected. With this in mind, the MQM along with Baloch, Pakhtoon and Sindhi leaders have formulated a 12-point resolution for the solidarity and well-being of the country. The leaders of smaller provinces want to see this resolution put into practice. But there are odds against it, as the situation is not completely in the control of the present military government.

23. Pakistan - History
This turned pakistan into a key ally for the US regional policy, and resulted inthe granting of significant economic assistance to the country.
http://gbgm-umc.org/country_profiles/countries/pak/History.stm
Pakistan Pakistan Pakistan means the land of the pure, as it was religion (Islam) that bound together the people of different ethnic communities and languages. Poet-philosopher Mohammed Iqbal articulated the concept of Pakistan in its basic form in 1931 when he proposed a separate state for the Muslims in India. The first Muslims to arrive in the Indian subcontinent were the traders from Arabia and Persia. A permanent Muslim foothold was achieved with Muhammad ibn Qasim's conquest of Sind in 711 AD. It was in the early 13th century that the foundations of Muslim rule in India were laid, establishing borders and a capital in Delhi. The region including the present territory of Pakistan was subsequently ruled by several Muslim dynasties, finishing with the Mughals. The question of Muslim identity emerged alongside the decline of Muslim power and the rise of the Hindu middle class during British colonialism. In the early years of the 20th century, Muslim leaders became convinced of the need for effective political organization. A delegation of Muslim leaders met the viceroy (the chief representative of the British imperial government in India) in October 1906, demanding the status of a separate electorate for the Muslims. The All India Muslim League (ML) was founded in Dhaka that year with the objective of defending the political rights and interests of Indian Muslims. The British conceded the status of a separate electorate in the Government of India Act of 1909, confirming the ML's status as the representative organization of Indian Muslims.

24. Pakistan: History
history. pakistan. pakistan means the land of the pure, This turned pakistaninto a key ally for the US regional policy, and resulted in the granting of
http://gbgm-umc.org/country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=114

25. Pakistan & South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation
technology, agricultural and mineral assets, its history and civilization, pakistan has the privilege to be host to SAARC regional Centre for Human
http://www.pakboi.gov.pk/I_Agreements/pakistan___south_asian_associa.html
PAKISTAN ::. PAKISTAN AND THE SAARC The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) was established when its Charter was formally adopted on December 8, 1985 by the Heads of State of Government of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
South Asia, home to nearly a fifth of humanity, is endowed with vast natural and human resources. It has the potential of becoming a vibrant region in the world, given its enormous resources in manpower, technology, agricultural and mineral assets, its history and civilization, arts and culture. Intra-regional exchanges in the SAARC framework and trade among its Member States can realise much of this potential.
The idea of regional cooperation in South Asia was first mooted in November, 1980. It was the shared desire of the peoples of South Asia to overcome common problems through mutual cooperation. The primary objective of the Association was, therefore, in the words of its Charter, "to promote the welfare of the peoples of South Asia and to improve their quality of life". Towards this end, the Charter called for efforts "to accelerate economic growth, social programmes and cultural development in the region"; to promote and strengthen collective self-reliance"; " to contribute to mutual trust, understanding and appreciation of one anothers' problems" and to "promote active collaboration and mutual assistance in the economic, social, cultural, technical and scientific fields".
Over a period of nearly a decade and half that SAARC has been in place it carries the image of high profile and low performance. A major explanation in this regard lies in the fact that relationship among the member states have often been marked by mistrust, misunderstanding and even hostility. The most common criticism about SAARC relates to its 'futility' in the presence of serious contentious issues between the members of the Association. The modest SAARC programmes and its limited coverage, exclusion of bilateral and contentious issues from its purview and subjecting decision-making process on unanimity are result of this reality.

26. Pakistan Nuclear Weapons
This report tells the history of pakistan s nuclear weapons program and discusses NUCLEARISATION OF SOUTH ASIA AND ITS regional AND GLOBAL IMPLICATIONS
http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/pakistan/nuke/
FAS Nuke Guide Pakistan ... Join FAS
Pakistan Nuclear Weapons
A Brief History of Pakistan's Nuclear Program
Pakistan's nuclear weapons program was established in 1972 by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, who founded the program while he was Minister for Fuel, Power and Natural Resources, and later became President and Prime Minister. Shortly after the loss of East Pakistan in the 1971 war with India, Bhutto initiated the program with a meeting of physicists and engineers at Multan in January 1972. India's 1974 testing of a nuclear "device" gave Pakistan's nuclear program new momentum. Through the late 1970s, Pakistan's program acquired sensitive uranium enrichment technology and expertise. The 1975 arrival of Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan considerably advanced these efforts. Dr. Khan is a German-trained metallurgist who brought with him knowledge of gas centrifuge technologies that he had acquired through his position at the classified URENCO uranium enrichment plant in the Netherlands. Dr. Khan also reportedly brought with him stolen uranium enrichment technologies from Europe. He was put in charge of building, equipping and operating Pakistan's Kahuta facility, which was established in 1976. Under Khan's direction, Pakistan employed an extensive clandestine network in order to obtain the necessary materials and technology for its developing uranium enrichment capabilities. In 1985, Pakistan crossed the threshold of weapons-grade uranium production, and by 1986 it is thought to have produced enough fissile material for a nuclear weapon. Pakistan continued advancing its uranium enrichment program, and according to Pakistani sources, the nation acquired the ability to carry out a nuclear explosion in 1987.

27. HISTORY, INDIA, Index, Topics - Indian History, Arts, Culture, Heritage, Caste,
history of the Physical Sciences in India. regional Histories Art and Index of topics and articles relating to Afghanistan, pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan,
http://members.tripod.com/~INDIA_RESOURCE/topics.html
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Search: Lycos Tripod Free Games Share This Page Report Abuse Edit your Site ... Next THE INDIA INDEX (see below) THE SOUTH ASIA INDEX (click here) HISTORY of INDIA and the INDIAN SUBCONTINENT Science, Philosophy and Technology Index Arts and Culture Index Index of topics and articles relating to Indian History Adivasis: Customs, beliefs, ethics, practices; influence on Buddhism; Adivasi traditions impacting Hindu practice; contributions to Indian culture and civilization; resistance during colonial rule:- Adivasi Contributions to Indian Culture and Civilization Architecture: Western theories and criticism of the Indian legacy; Harappan finds, secular architecture such as step-wells, public gateways (toranas), baths, swimming pools or bathing tanks, universities and forts; stupa and temple architecture, ornamentation, philosophical and natural motifs; home decoration, rangoli, ornamental facades, paintings in ordinary homes and havelis;

28. Pakistan History
Independence Role of Islam regional and Ethnic Factors The Civil Service The Military The Colonial Background The Formation of pakistan
http://www.countryreports.org/history/pakishist.htm
History of Pakistan
This page has changed if you are not redirected click here

29. Hindustan.network: Regional Cooperation
regional Search India Hindustan in easiest way, search engine and pakistanHomepage Information about pakistan such as history, geography,
http://hindustan.net/Regional_Cooperation/
Hindustan.net
Search: India World Resources IndiaTalking.Com
Discussions: Your Thoughts Hindustan.network: Regional Cooperation
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INDIA Talking Current Issues! NEWS Recycle your soul mysticalguide.com Find meaning of life..how to overcome crisis..Find genuine solutions..seek spiritual help to achieve love, achievements, success and anything.. Cultural Social Issues ! Marriage ? Finding Spouse! Unspoken Truths ! Experiences! Divorce, Dating, Sex? Government of India: Who governs Issues Suggestions Talk-to-PM ...
Rajniti: Indian Political Scene! Have we grown up?
Parties Secrets Entertainment Indian Cinema TV Music New-Old Movies Reviews Best Movies Private Business Industry ? Indian Business Worldwide

30. Strategic Insights -- Dissuasion And Regional Allies - The Case Of Pakistan
In its history, pakistan has only faced one extraregional threat when the Its inability to provide security against regional foes led pakistan to
http://www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/si/2004/oct/khanOct04.asp
Dissuasion and Regional Allies: The Case of Pakistan
Strategic Insights , Volume III, Issue 10 (October 2004)
By Brig. Gen. (retd.) Feroz Hassan Khan and Christopher Clary Strategic Insights is a monthly electronic journal produced by the Center for Contemporary Conflict at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. The views expressed here are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of NPS, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. For a PDF version of this article, click here.
Introduction
Drivers of Pakistan's Security Policy
In its history, Pakistan has only faced one extraregional threat: when the Soviets invaded Afghanistan. Except for that period of time, Pakistan has been focused on a primary Indian threat, a much smaller Afghan problem, and a tertiary danger from Iran. To combat these regional threats, it has cultivated an alliance with the United States and an "all weather" friendship with China. While its relationship with China has never been elevated to a formal "alliance," Pakistan has historically relied upon Chinese assistance more than it has its U.S. ally. It has used the security benefits from both relationships to bolster its capabilities vis-à-vis India. Pakistan pursued and continues to pursue a three-pronged strategy to combat regional threats. It maintains a large and capable conventional military to deny India strategic space in which it can prosecute a limited war. It has used proxies in an asymmetric strategy to tie India down, most notably in Kashmir, and more ambitiously to defeat the Soviets in Afghanistan. And lastly, it has developed nuclear weapons in order to deny India victory in a general war. These last two prongs (the use of asymmetric proxies and the pursuit of a nuclear deterrent), while designed primarily to confront regional foes, ultimately undermined U.S. security objectives.

31. Columbia Interactive - A Political History Of Pakistan
on pakistan include The Breakup of pakistan in The regional Imperative The......A Political history of pakistan Taught by Philip Oldenburg.
http://ci.columbia.edu/ci/eseminars/1350_detail.html
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Short courses free to Columbia For-credit courses Columbia new media initiatives A Political History of Pakistan
Taught by: Philip Oldenburg Description
Professor Philip Oldenburg, a leading scholar of South Asian culture and history, unravels the story of Pakistan, delving into the tumultuous past of this Muslim nation. Carefully examining its struggle to establish a national identity throughout the half-century of its existence, he narrates Pakistan's history from the viewpoint of its Muslim-majority population while also explaining the perspectives of those nations with whom Pakistan has been at war.
Professor Oldenburg looks at the roots of the formation of Pakistan in 1947, at its effort to redefine itself as a Middle Eastern rather than a South Asian state, and at its complex history of conflict with India and Bangladesh, the new nation that was formed out of territory that was once Pakistan. E-Seminar Length: 3-5 hours Start Date: Anytime Credits: Not-for-Credit Prerequisites: None Moderator: None Columbia Students, Faculty, Staff, and Alumni:

32. A Guide To The Current Conflict - Student Resources- History, Politics, & Geogra
A Guide to the Current Conflict. history home history, Politics, Geography regional Conflicts. India and pakistan In 1947 the United Kingdom gave up
http://college.hmco.com/currentconflict/students/history/india_pakistan.html
Business and Economics Communication and Mass Media Culture of the Region How You Can Help ... Write To Us Student Resource Center
A Guide to the Current Conflict
Jump to: History Home Web Links Critical Countries in the Islamic World     Political Factors to Consider     A Closer Look at Afghanistan     Regional Conflicts Islamic History Activities The World of Islam Keeping the Republic Essays Osama bin Laden and Al Qaeda Regional Conflicts
India and Pakistan
The partition was also two-tiered. Not only was the subcontinent divided between India and Pakistan, but Pakistan itself was geographically divided into east and west. The two regions were separated by a thousand miles of India, making communication, commerce, and the development of a national culture extremely difficult. A thousand miles apart and often treated disdainfully by the larger and more prosperous West Pakistan the easterners seceded in 1971. Pakistan's central government in the west attempted to militarily hold on to the east. India, however, happy to work with anyone in conflict with Pakistan, militarily intervened and successfully assisted the easterners to secure political independence. While the Indians were on the winning side the secession of what became Bangladesh only intensified the rancor between them and Pakistan. Moreover, Bangladesh, while known as a fairly tolerant country, has also been accused of harboring elements of the al-Qaeda organization.
By the 1990s the relationship between India and Pakistan became even more strained. Both countries had become nuclear powers. Though their respective arsenals were and remain modest each is the other's primary target. In late 2001 and early 2002, even while the United States was sending its own military to combat the Taliban and al-Qaeda, India and Pakistan were threatening to go to war with each other. In the subcontinent threats of war frequently lead to war. The United States was able to mediate and defuse the dispute, at least temporarily,. Hardly a month passes without radical Hindus attacking an Islamic mosque or radical Muslims attacking a Hindu temple.

33. BBC News | SOUTH ASIA | A History Of India-Pakistan Summits
A history of Indiapakistan summits. Indian PM Atal Behari Vajpayee regional media views Afghan killing More arrests in pakistan gang rape
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/south_asia/newsid_1434000/1434337.stm
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Wednesday, 11 July, 2001, 17:03 GMT 18:03 UK A history of India-Pakistan summits
Vajpayee visited Lahore in 1999
By BBC South Asia analyst Alastair Lawson The summit on Sunday between Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf and Indian Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee is the latest in a series of high profile meetings between leaders of the two nations over the last 50 years. Tension between India and Pakistan has meant that meetings between leaders of the two countries on their home territory have been few and far between.
While the cold war has ended and many countries of the world have embraced the concept of globalisation, frosty relations between India and Pakistan have remained unchanged for the last 50 years
The last was held in 1999 in Lahore, Pakistan, when Mr Vajpayee travelled on the inaugural bus service between Delhi and Lahore to meet his Pakistani counterpart at the time, Nawaz Sharif. The summit took place the year after India and Pakistan had carried out a series of nuclear tests and shortly before Mr Sharif was deposed by General Pervez Musharraf in a military coup.

34. A Virtual Travel To Pakistan - Destination Southern Asia: Pakistan
regional Governments Government of the Punjab Story of pakistan ComprehensiveReference on the Political history of pakistan.
http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/pakistan.htm
advertise with us One World - Nations Online
the countries of the world Home Continents Asia Pakistan
Destination Pakistan, a virtual travel guide to the Islamic Republic.
This page aims to give you a broad overview of Pakistan's art, culture, people, environment, geography, history, economy and government.
Beside a country profile with facts and figures, the page contains links to sources which provide you with all the information you need to know about this Asian nation, e.g.: official web sites of Pakistan, addresses of Pakistani and foreign embassies, domestic airlines, city- and country guides with extensive travel and tourism information on accomodation, tourist attractions, events and more like weather information, maps, statistics and local newspapers from Pakistan.
Official Sites
Map News Culture ... Additional Links
Pakistan
Country Profile

Flag
of Pakistan
Background:
The separation in 1947 of British India into the Muslim state of Pakistan (with two sections West and East) and largely Hindu India was never satisfactorily resolved.

35. Pakistani Expatriates - Pakistan Society & Culture
pakistan history and regional Cultures . A Thumbshots Preview pakistan historyand regional Cultures List of history and culture related sites.
http://pakistan.designerz.com/pakistan-expatriates.php
var tag="-pakistan.designerz.com";var domain="-pakistan.designerz.com"; Pakistan Pakistan News Portals World ... India Get your Pakistani blog at Blogs.com.pk Pakistan News Business News Breaking News People in News Musharraf Bush A. Q. Khan Inzamam ... Pakistani Expatriates Pakistan
Pakistan Health

Pakistani Cooking

Pakistan Recreation

Pakistani Flag
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Mailing List
Books About pakistan expatriates Featured Links News
Paskistan News

Asia

Asia News
...
Web Development
Channels Visited Clear

36. Pakistan - HISTORY
By the sixth century BC, knowledge of Indian history becomes more focused because Although Zulifqar Ali Bhutto had tried to redirect pakistan s regional
http://www.mongabay.com/reference/country_studies/pakistan/HISTORY.html
COUNTRY STUDIES
Pakistan - HISTORY
Pakistan - History
Pakistan WHEN BRITISH ARCHAEOLOGIST Sir Mortimer Wheeler was commissioned in 1947 by the government of Pakistan to give a historical account of the then new country, he entitled his work Five Thousand Years of Pakistan . Indeed, Pakistan has a history that can be dated back to the Indus Valley civilization (ca. 2500-1600 B.C.), the principal sites of which lay in present-day Sindh and Punjab provinces. Pakistan was later the entryway for the migrating pastoral tribes known as Indo-Aryans, or simply Aryans, who brought with them and developed the rudiments of the religio-philosophical system of what later evolved into Hinduism. They also brought an early version of Sanskrit, the base of Urdu, Punjabi, and Sindhi languages that are spoken in much of Pakistan today. Hindu rulers were eventually displaced by Muslim invaders, who, in the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth centuries, entered northwestern India through the same passes in the mountains used earlier by the Indo-Aryans. The culmination of Muslim rule in the Mughal Empire (1526-1858, with effective rule between 1560 and 1707) encompassed much of the area that is today Pakistan. Sikhism, another religious movement that arose partially on the soil of present-day Pakistan, was briefly dominant in Punjab and in the northwest in the early nineteenth century. All of these regimes subsequently fell to the expanding power of the British, whose empire lasted from the eighteenth century to the midtwentieth century, until they too left the scene, yielding power to the successor states of India and Pakistan.

37. Regional > Asia > Pakistan
This category is for English language websites relating to pakistan. Usenet soc.culture.pakistan.education; Usenet - soc.culture.pakistan.history
http://www.xasa.com/directorio/mozilla/Top/Regional/Asia/Pakistan/
Results for Pakistan
Open directory project Top Regional Asia
Search in: Directory Web
the entire directory only in Asia/Pakistan This category is for English language websites relating to Pakistan. See also:

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38. Pakistan Museums
Founded 1974, Noted for its exhibits relating to regional art, history, andethnology. Noted for its natural history work. National Museum of pakistan
http://www.punjabilok.com/pakistan/pak_museums.htm
Pakistan
Garma Garam
Saddi Dharti Sadde
Log

The land of five rivers

Punjabi Millennium
Sabhyachaar

Books

Literature

Fiction

Humor
... Poetry Faith and Religion Sikhism Sufi and Bhakti Tradition Arya Samaj Hinduism ... Communalism Rasoi Punjabi Delicacies Exotic Recipes Education Institutions Studying Abroad Career... Tourism Destination Punjab Links Media Newspapers Magazines Television Online ... Radio More Health InfoTech Science Environment ... Films At Your Service Weather Matrimonials Free e-mail Free Web Pages ... Home museums Allama Iqbal Residence and Library Lahore: Specialises in history. Agricultural Museum Lyallpur Founded 1909, Renouned for its botanical work. Air Force Museum Peshawar: Founded 1964, Mementos and souvenirs, including vintage planes of what is arguebly one of the greatest combat air forces. Archaelogical Museum University of Karachi, Founded 1956. Noted for its archaeological work. Archaelogical Museum Peshawar University, Founded 1966. Noted for its archaeological work and art exhibits.

39. Regional Asia Pakistan - Regional Asia Pakistan - ABC.NET Web Directory
regional Asia pakistan , web directory and search engine, featuring a directoryof millions Usenet soc.culture.pakistan.history news - Google Groups
http://www.abc.net/directory/Regional/Asia/Pakistan/
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  • 40. History Of WHO South East Asia Region
    But when the Western Pacific regional Office was established in 1951, Bangladesh was East pakistan at the time of independence of India and pakistan in
    http://w3.whosea.org/aboutsearo/hist.htm
    History of the WHO South-East Asia Region
    Before the Second World War, the term "South-East Asia" was scarcely a geographic expression and was rarely used. The region of the peninsula between India and China was included in the term "Far East". Some authors called the region "Further India". During the Second World War, the Japanese Army used the term "Greater East Asia" to include countries of South-East Asia.
    The term "South-East Asia" is credited to the Indian historian K.M. Pannikar who used it in the title of his book "Future of Southeast Asia" published in 1943. Due to military and strategic considerations during the Second World War, the region came to be regarded as a separate geographic entity and the Allied Supreme Command adopted the term "South-East Asia". By the end of the war, the term was well established and was used as a collective for the peninsula between India and China. The countries include Brunei, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia. Some organizations include the Phillipines in South-East Asia.
    Countries in and adjacent to the Indian subcontinent, namely, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Maldives are considered as belonging to "South Asia".

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