121. Homepage: UNEP DTIE OzonAction Programme Ozzy ozone Brings Environmental Messages to the World’s Children Press Release Building on success and facing the challenges ahead – the http://www.uneptie.org/ozonaction/

OzonAction Programme Division of Technology, Industry, and Economics Search About us Library NOU support Compliance ... West Asia video All audio JASON ozone song Caribbean ozone song Maldives ozone song ... South America Workshop to identify Commerce Routes amongst CFCs producing and consuming countries on Ozone Depleting Substances More International Workshop on methyl bromide alternatives for strawberry production More Bahamas Training of Customs Officers on Control and Monitoring of ODS Imports/Exports More Message by UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan on International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer, 16 September 2005 French UNEP Press Release ... Spanish Time remaining until the next control measures for Article 5 countries... Reduce CFCs by 85%: days = 16 months (1/1/2007) 100% phase out of CFCs and halons: days = 52 months (1/1/2010) 100% phase out of methyl bromide: days = 112 months (1/1/2015) Montreal Protocol: Partnerships Changing the World UNDP, UNEP, UNIDO, World Bank

122. RIDEM/Office Of Air Resources Index Page Home Programs Bureau of Environmental Protection Air Resources Assure attainment and maintenance of the ozone and particulate matter air quality http://www.dem.ri.gov/programs/benviron/air/

Home Programs Bureau of Environmental Protection Staff List ... Summary of Changes to Air Toxics Rules NEW Air Toxics Outreach Working Group Air Permit Streamlining Task Force TF Green Airport Monitoring Grant Application Office of Air Resources Stephen Majkut, PE; Chief 235 Promenade Street Providence, RI 02908-5767 fax 222-2017 Overview The Office of Air Resources is responsible for the preservation, protection and improvement of the air resources of the State. This is accomplished mainly through regulating the emission of air pollutants from stationary sources, and more recently, from mobile sources. Planning, air pollutant emission inventory, and air quality monitoring functions are also major activities. The pollutants regulated fall into two broad categories, criteria pollutants and air toxics. Criteria pollutants, in general, are those that are irritants or have other minor and/or acute health or environmental effects. Examples are ground level ozone and carbon monoxide. Air toxics are pollutants that, for example, are carcinogens, or have other major and/or chronic health effects. Examples are benzene and trichloroethylene. Rhode Island, and much of the Northeast U.S., does not meet the health-based standard for ozone. Much of the work of the Office of Air Resources is related to assuring the State improves its air quality in order to attain the standard on the schedule required by the federal Clean Air Act. The OAR is working to implement new emission reduction programs and is working with other states to assure emission reductions in the region help Rhode Island attain the standard.

123. Ozone - EPA/QPWS Environmental and health effects of ozone Measurement of ozone. ozone is anindicator of photochemical smog. ozone is a colourless, highly reactive gas with http://www.epa.qld.gov.au/environmental_management/air/air_quality_monitoring/ai

Access keys Skip to primary navigation Skip to secondary navigation Skip to content ... Library services Air Air quality in South East Queensland Air quality monitoring Climate and air pollution Causes of air pollution ... Wood heaters See also: State of the environment Water Land Impact assessment ... Air pollutants Ozone Environmental and health effects of ozone Measurement of ozone Ozone is an indicator of photochemical smog. Ozone is a colourless, highly reactive gas with a distinctive odour. It is formed naturally by electrical discharge (lightning) and in the upper atmosphere at altitudes of between 15 to 35km. Stratospheric ozone protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. However at ground level, elevated levels of ozone are produced by photochemical reactions involving other air pollutants. Given sunlight and suitable meteorological conditions, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds can react to form photochemical oxidants (also known as photochemical smog) of which ozone is the principal component. The production of photochemical oxidants usually occurs over several hours which means that the highest concentrations of ozone normally occur on summer afternoons, in areas downwind of major sources of ozone precursors.

124. Feature Article: Environmental Externalities In Electric Power Markets: Acid Rai This feature article is entitled Feature Article Environmental Externalities inElectric Power Markets Acid Rain, Urban ozone, and Climate Change. http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/pubs_html/rea/feature1.html

Home Renewables Environmental Externalities in Electric Power Markets: Acid Rain, Urban Ozone, and Climate Change Feature Article Environmental Externalities in Electric Power Markets: Acid Rain, Urban Ozone, and Climate Change by John Carlin Abstract The central theme of the 1991 National Energy Strategy, developed by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), was to secure "a more efficient, less vulnerable, and environmentally sustainable energy future." Also, the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT) required DOE to develop a least-cost national energy strategy that considers the economic, energy, environmental, and social costs of various energy technologies. Many observers argue that this requires incorporating all environmental costs of energy production, including the generation of electric power, in the costs of energy. When these costs are not captured by the marketplace, government involvement at the Federal, State, or local level may be proposed to "internalize" them in electric power prices. This article discusses the emissions resulting from the generation of electricity by utilities and their role in contributing to the environmental problems of acid rain, urban ozone, and climate change. It then discusses the general concept of environmental externalities and assesses the means that have been devised to ameliorate them. The article analyzes the emissions-control requirements for electric utilities of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA)

125. FirstGov.gov For Citizens: Facts For You: Environment And Energy FirstGov.gov for Citizens Facts for You environment and Energy Informationabout the environment, energy and fuel in the US. http://www.firstgov.gov/Citizen/Facts/Facts_Environment.shtml

Skip to Main Content Skip to Government Search Skip to Bottom Nav Skip to Top Nav Bar-Right Aligned ... Skip to Facts For You: Environment and Energy Search Government Websites Advanced Search Search Tips Home About Us ... more Also of Interest... Home Citizens Facts Environment and Energy Facts For You: Environment and Energy Air Quality Where You Live Car Fuel Efficiency Compare Drought Monitor Energy and Fuel Facts ... Link to Us FirstGov.gov TM is the U.S. government's official web portal: Federal Citizen Information Center Office of Citizen Services and Communications , U.S. General Services Administration 1800 F Street, NW, Washington, DC 20405 Have any questions about the federal government? Check our frequently asked questions email FirstGov or call 1 (800) FED INFO (1-800-333-4636)

126. SEPP Key Issues ozone Depletion Although environmental pressure groups have made For additionalcommentary, see Stratospheric ozone. Environmental Health Risks The http://www.sepp.org/keyissue.html

Key Issues Global Warming Issue: Global Warming and the Btu Tax . See also Hot Talk, Cold Science: Global Warming's Unfinished Debate and the convenient 12 point summary of Global Warming: Unfinished Business . We also refer you to the Scientific Case against the Climate treaty in English and in German The IPCC Controversy: IPCC Regulatory Excess: Urban Smog Environment vs. Jobs , and Costs of Regulation Ozone Depletion: Stratospheric Ozone Environmental Health Risks: The mentality of "zero-risk" still survives, even though the infamous Delaney Amendment, which tried to shield the public from single toxic molecules, has finally been repealed by Congress. Chemicals, radiation, and asbestos all exhibit a threshold below which health risks are negligible. What is more, there is a natural background of these substances that cannot be removed by regulation. Despite the increased use of chemicals in food processing and agriculture, and the innumerable (unwarranted) cancer scares over the years, life expectancy continues to go up and up. For related commentary, see Radiation Exposure Asbestos and Risk Assessment.

127. Ozone Depletion :: Emerging Environmental Issues :: United Nations System-Wide E the ozone layer is a major international environmental accomplishment (EEA,1995). However the damage to the ozone layer continues to accelerate, http://earthwatch.unep.net/emergingissues/atmosphere/ozonedepletion.php

About Us UN Partners home contact ... emerging issues : atmosphere Search Assessments Indicators Observation ... News :: Ozone depletion Satellite measurements in September 2000 revealed that the stratospheric ozone “hole” over the Antarctic had a reached a record 28.3 million square kilometres (some one million sq. km more than the previous record, in 1998). Earlier in the year, ozone depletion over northern latitudes also reached record levels, leading to predictions of a second ozone hole over the Arctic; such an event would expose many millions of people to dangerous doses of ultraviolet-B radiation. The danger is that ozone-destroying chemicals are long-lasting and take time to travel up to the stratosphere. Chemicals released years ago are still present in the atmosphere and are contributing to today’s peak concentrations. Meanwhile, global climate change is thought to be slowing the ozone layer's healing process. The warming of the atmosphere near the ground causes the stratosphere to become even colder. Cold stratospheric temperatures, particularly during the early Antarctic spring, catalyze the chemical processes that destroy ozone molecules ( UNEP, 2000

128. Ozone, Oxygen, UV, Filters For Community, Industry, Home, Boat And RV Water Trea Environmental Water Solutions, Inc. (EWS, Inc.) specializes in ozone and filtrationapplications, including small community water treatment plants and food http://www.ozone-ews.com/

ENVIRONMENTAL WATER SOLUTIONS, Inc. Solving Water Treatment Problems Click Below By Category For Details and Photos CONSULTING SERVICES MARKET DEVELOPMENT GOVERNMENT / REGULATORY LIAISON DESIGN ASSISTANCE PILOT STUDIES COMMUNITY WATER TREATMENT FILTER WIZARD / FILTER CONTROL SYSTEM OZONATION SYSTEMS WATER FILTRATION SYSTEMS OXYGEN GENERATING SYSTEMS ULTRAVIOLET SYSTEMS Click on Department Below STORE PRODUCTS FOR HOME, BOAT, RV, OFFICE GO TO: PRODUCTS SERVICES STORE BOOKS ... Click Here to Visit Water Treatment Information Exchange Environmental Water Solutions, Inc. (EWS, Inc.) specializes in ozone and filtration applications, including small community water treatment plants and food processing. EWS, Inc. provides consulting and project development services to industry, private firms and government agencies. Ozone (0 is a naturally-occurring gas. It is manufactured for treatment systems using an air preparation system (such as an oxygen generator) which supplies dried air to an ozone generator where oxygen molecules are broken apart. Many reform in groups of three, making ozone. Ozone is a powerful oxidant and excellent disinfectant. When the ozone oxidation process occurs, the gas breaks down again and returns to its stable state as oxygen. Thus, even though ozone is extremely powerful, it tends to produce no harmful byproducts. (see, below, notes about the environment). EWS, Inc. was founded in 1989, initially providing ozone water disinfection for fresh seafood exporting. Since 1992, the firm has focused on community water system applications for ozone and filtration, including installation of over fifty plants ranging in size from a small group of homes to over 1100-gallons per minute. These plants include successful, cost-effective solutions for odor and taste elimination, iron and manganese reduction, hydrogen sulfide removal, pathogen control (including Cryptosporidium and

129. Use Of Ozone For Winery And Environmental Sanitation Environmental ozone monitoring was performed using an EcoSensor ambient monitor,and concentrations in solution were verified using a Rosemount Analytical http://www.practicalwinery.com/janfeb00/ozone.htm

Winegrowing January/February 2000 Use of ozone for winery and environmental sanitation By Brian Hampson, PhD, Food Science and Nutrition Dept California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA Since the early 1900s, ozone has been widely used for water treatment, including disinfection of municipal water supplies, swimming pools, spas, cooling towers, and sewage treatment plants. Recently, ozone has been used in food processing for sanitizing raw materials and irrigation waters, sanitizing packaging materials and storage facilities, and for sanitizing water for recycling. Prior to 1997, ozone could only be used for sanitation and purification of bottled drinking water in the U.S., and it is widely used around the world for this purpose today. In May 1997, an expert panel assembled by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) declared ozone to be Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) for use in food processing in the U.S. Since then, wineries have embraced the use of ozone. Its use has been generally accepted and documented to be effective for barrel cleaning and sanitation, tank cleaning and sanitation, clean-in-place systems, and for general surface sanitation. This same trend of acceptance has been noted in many other industries, such as fresh-cut produce processing; produce storage facilities; food processing, including meat processing facilities; and, as noted above, in the bottled water and beverage industries. In these industries, the ozone systems are generally permanently mounted or fixed in place, which makes management of off-gas and ozone monitoring for safety and efficacy relatively easy.

130. Focal Areas Phasing out ozone depleting substances (ODS) is a highly effective means toachieving immediate, and future, global environmental benefits. http://www.gefweb.org/Projects/Focal_Areas/focal_areas.html

Focal Areas Biodiversity Climate Change International Waters ... Text of Current Pipeline Document Focal Areas The GEF funds projects in six focal areas: Biodiversity Climate change International waters Ozone depletion ... Persistent organic pollutants Find more information on these focal areas' operational programs Biodiversity A wide spectrum of efforts to conserve and sustainably use earth's biological diversity makes up nearly half of all GEF projects. As the financial mechanism for the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), GEF receives guidance from the conference of parties (or COP) on policy, strategy, program priorities, and eligibility criteria related to the use of resources for purposes of the Convention. Projects generally deal with one or more of four critical ecosystem types and the human communities found there: 1) arid and semi-arid zones; 2) coastal, marine, and freshwater resources; 3) forests; and 4) mountains. Between 1991 and 2004, GEF allocated $1.89 billion in grants and mobilized an additional $3.80 billion in co-financing (from recipient countries, bilateral agencies, other development institutions, the private sector, and nongovernmental organizations) for biological diversity projects. For more information, visit the

131. Environmental News CEC is an information clearinghouse and communications network for environmentalissues in the Houston/Galveston,Texas, area. http://www.cechouston.org/

The Citizens' Environmental Coalition is a 501(c)3 non-profit agency dedicated to fostering dialogue, education, and collaboration on environmental issues in the Houston / Gulf Coast region. Find out more about us. A Member of Environmental News Subscribe 2005 Synergy Awards Neighbors blame Bayport work for blocking bayou By Ella Tyler Pine Gully, a tidal creek that flows through Seabrook into Galveston Bay, is blocked by a sandbar and is filling in with silt. Neighbors blame both conditions on construction on the Port of Houston's Bayport container facility. However, the Port claims that the sandbar is natural and will clear itself and that the silting is a result of erosion of a nearby channel. The bayou runs through the City of Seabrook's Pine Gully Park just a short distance south of the Bayport construction site. Under normal conditions, the water is clear and free flowing. According to a complaint filed on Sept 9 with a variety of regulatory agencies by attorney Jim Blackburn, the bayou's main stem is blocked by a sand bar between Todville Road Bridge and a choked side creek. More...

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