61. CNN - Indonesian Orangutans Cling To Shrinking Habitat - March 4, 1999 CNN http://www.cnn.com/NATURE/9903/04/indo.orangutan/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD ASIANOW U.S. ... news quiz CNN WEB SITES: TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW MORE SERVICES: video on demand video archive audio on demand news email services ... pagenet DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback SITE GUIDES: help contents search FASTER ACCESS: europe japan WEB SERVICES: Indonesian orangutans cling to shrinking habitat JAKARTA, Indonesia (CNN) Life is a jungle everywhere in Indonesia these days. In the concrete jungle of the capital of Jakarta, riots and unrest during the past year have sometimes turned the streets into battle zones between anti-government protesters and troops. Meanwhile, in the forests of Borneo and Sumatra another battle is taking place, as environmentalists try to save endangered orangutans from the ravages of logging and fire. RELATED VIDEO CNN's Gary Strieker shows the orangutans in Indonesia Windows Media The problems of the orangutans are expected to increase amid Indonesia's growing economic and political crises. "If the people are in trouble, the forest and animals inside it are in trouble as well, so the economic crisis is also having a very heavy impact on the surviving orangutans," said Willie Smits of the Ministry of Forestry.

62. Orangutan Foundation International orangutan conservation, rainforest preservation, education and wildlife research. http://www.orangutan.org/

Welcome to the website of the Orangutan Foundation International We're sorry but this website requires JavaScript to be enabled! sitemap

63. Sumatran Orangutan Conservation Programme - Protection, Conservation, Sumatra, E The Sumatran orangutan Conservation Programme contributes actively to the conservation of the sumatran orangutan and its natural habitat, the tropical http://www.sumatranorangutan.com/

SOCP Project Background News Galleries SOCP Project Background News Galleries ... Kontakt

64. BOS UK The Balikpapan orangutan Survival Foundation (BOS) helps sponsor a reintroduction program for confiscated orangutans on the island of Borneo. http://www.savetheorangutan.org.uk/

Home News Orangutans About BOS ... How to help United Kingdom BOS UK . info@savetheorangutan.org.uk

65. Orangutan - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia The word orangutan is derived from the Malay orang hutan meaning man of the forest. Sepilok orangutan Rehabilitation Center Photos Photos from a http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orangutan

Orangutan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For the chess opening, see Sokolsky Opening Orangutans Conservation status: Endangered Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Hominidae Subfamily: Ponginae Elliot Genus: Pongo Lac©p¨de Type species Simia pygmaeus Linnaeus ... Pongo abelii Orangutans (also spelled orang utan orang-utan , sometimes incorrectly orangutang ) are two species of great apes with long arms and reddish, sometimes brown, hair native to Malaysia and Indonesia . The word orangutan is derived from the Malay orang hutan meaning man of the forest . They are the only extant species in the genus Pongo and the subfamily Ponginae , although that subfamily also includes the extinct Gigantopithecus and Sivapithecus genera. Orangutans are the most arboreal of the great apes, spending nearly all of their time in the trees, making a new nest in the trees every night. They are only found in rainforests on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra . These two small isolated populations were classified as subspecies until recently, when they were elevated to full specific level ( Pongo pygmaeus on Borneo, and

66. Three Held Over Orangutan Killings CNN http://cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/08/27/malaysia.orangutans.ap/index.h

67. STOP Roadbuilding In Leuser Ecosystem We may lose the unique orangutan cultures we know about, and others we have yet More articles are online that refer to the orangutan Cultures and the http://www.duke.edu/~mym1/ouculturesPR.htm

Orangutan Cultures Online Links: January 02, 2003 Campaign to Stop Ladia Galaska and Save Leuser Online Petition to Save Leuser Article about Leuser, December 2002 ... European Union Forest Liaison Bureau NEWS RELEASE FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: January 2, 2003 Contact: Michelle Merrill, 112 Santa Cruz Avenue, Aptos, CA 95003 USA mym1@NOSPAMduke.edu #831.234.0898 http://www.duke.edu/~mym1/ladia_galaska.htm (photos, audio and video available) ROADS THROUGH RAINFOREST THREATEN OUR CULTURED COUSINS Controversial plan will fragment habitat for orangutans and other endangered species on Sumatra. A paper in the January 3, 2003 issue of the journal Science shows that orangutans have cultures. Like humans and chimpanzees, orangutans learn some behaviors from others of their species, leading to behavioral differences between populations. Scientists believe that research on wild great apes will increase our understanding of the origins of culture in humans. Conservationists are realizing that, for great apes and other species capable of culture, the loss of any population is a loss of both cultural and biological diversity. Two populations of orangutans described in the Science paper are in imminent danger of disappearing due to habitat loss on the island of Sumatra. These orangutans live within the Leuser Ecosystem in

68. CNN.com - Study Reveals Complex Orangutan Culture - Jan. 2, 2003 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/TECH/science/01/02/coolsc.orangutans/index.html

CNN Europe CNN Asia Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese On CNN TV Transcripts Headline News CNN International ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com Study reveals complex orangutan culture By Marsha Walton CNN Orangutans using a stick to grab a bite Story Tools RELATED Leakey Foundation Science Magazine Gunung Palung Orangutan Project Dr. Cheryl Knott ... Harvard University Department of Anthropology FACT BOX Of about three dozen cultural behaviors observed, 10 involved specialized feeding techniques, including the use of tools. Among the most common: Kiss-squeak with leaves: Using leaves on mouth to amplify sound, then drop leaf. Kiss-squeak with hands: Using fists (like a trumpet) or flat hands on mouth to amplify sound. Play nests: Building nest for social play, not to rest Sun cover: Building cover on nest during bright sunshine Hide under nest: Seek shelter under nest for rain Scratch stick: Using detached stick to scratch body parts Autoerotic tool: Using tool for sexual stimulation Branch as swatter: Using detached leafy branches to ward off bees or wasps that are attacking Leaf gloves: Using leaf gloves to handle spiny fruits or spiny branch, or as seat cushions in trees with spines.

69. Investigating Orangutan Cultures A summary of proceedings and results from a workshop where orangutan field research scientists discussed behavioral variation and culture in wild http://www.duke.edu/~mym1/ou_compared_web_version.htm

Investigating Orangutan Cultures: ORANGUTANS COMPARED 2002 Workshop By Michele Y. Merrill click here for printer-friendly PDF version Humans possess an apparently infinite capacity for cultural innovation. From the performance of intricate ceremonies to the design of complex microprocessors, human ingenuity has been channeled and diffracted through social learning into myriad distinct cultures. What were the precursors to our capacity for such behavioral diversity? What would a more simple "culture" look like? Primatologists have investigated these topics for decades, but only in the last few years has a clear picture of cultural diversity in another species begun to emerge. While other primates clearly lack the sophistication and meaning found in human cultures, recent studies show remarkable behavioral diversity in chimpanzee populations that can only be explained by social learning. Chimpanzees and humans shared a common ancestor quite recently, and the social complexity and tool-making of chimpanzees is well-known, so simple chimpanzee "cultures" may not be surprising. But orangutans? Pongo pygmaeus , the red apes of Borneo and Sumatra , are better known as quiet loners than social innovators.Our common ancestor with orangutans is not half so recent as chimpanzees. Who would expect to find orangutan cultures?

70. Science Netlinks Science Updates This project allows Shumaker to not only observe the orangutan s language What must be in the orangutan s response, in order for it to be correct? http://www.sciencenetlinks.org/sci_update.cfm?DocID=34

71. Arrests Over Orangutan Killings CNN http://cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/08/27/malaysia.orangutans.reut/index

72. Gunung Palung Orangutan Project: The Gunung Palung orangutan Project, Dr. Cheryl Knott. http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~gporang/

Welcome to the home of the Gunung Palung Orangutan Project. Please explore our pages to learn more about orangutans and their vanishing habitat. You will also find information about the many research and conservation projects of Dr. Cheryl Knott and her colleagues. You can find out how you can help our conservation efforts, read the latest posts from researchers in the field, and enjoy the stunning photographs of Tim Laman. New Additions: Photos of GP's orangutans New conservation pages with updates, photos Recent Interviews and Press Releases with Cheryl Knott Ask Dr. Knott a question see National Geographic's Field Dispatch: Borneo The Gunung Palung Orangutan Project has been generously supported by: Margot Marsh Biodiversity Fund, the Mellon Foundation, and the Conservation Food and Health Foundation. Local Support: Indonesian Institute for Sciences (LIPI) Center for Research in Development and Biology (PPPB) Universitas Tanjungpura (UNTAN) - Pontianak Directorate of Nature Conservation (PHKA) Gunung Palung National Park Office (UTN-GP) Web design by Melissa Emery Thompson.

73. Gunung Palung Orangutan Project: Orangutan Background The Gunung Palung orangutan Project, Dr. Cheryl Knott. http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~gporang/orangutans.html

Magnificent adult male, Jari Manis Orangutan literally means “person of the forest” in the Malaysian and Indonesia languages spoken in the countries where orangutans are found. Currently, orangutans are restricted to the islands of Borneo and Sumatra, although during the Pleistocene they were more widespread across Southeast Asia. Orangutans from the two islands are normally divided into two separate subspecies: Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus , from Borneo, and Pongo pygmaeus abelii , from Sumatra. While it is argued that Bornean and Sumatran orangutans have a high enough genetic difference to justify classifying them into two species, they can easily interbreed in captivity and produce fertile offspring. Orangutans live in rain forest habitats ranging from sea-level swamp forests to mountain slopes rarely exceeding 1200 m. These forests are true wet, rain forests wither average rainfall ranging from slightly over 2000 mm per year to 4500 mm per year. One of the principal orangutan habitats is forest dominated by the large trees of the Dipterocarpaceae family. This type of forest is characterized by “mast fruitings,” a phenomenon that occurs approximately every 2-10 years in which up to 88% of rain forest tree species may fruit at the same time. This causes dramatic fluctuations in the type and quantity of fruit available to orangutans. This resource unpredictability may help us explain many of the unique aspects of orangutan physiology and behavior.

74. Lucky Duck S Orangutan Page The orangutan can climb to the top of the highest tree. Although orangutans live a solitary life, an orangutan couple with their young can sometimes be http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/3785/orangutan.html

Orangutan Length: 31 to 38 inches Height: 2 1/4 to 3 feet Weight: 88 to 200 pounds Number of Young: 1 Home: Sumatra and Borneo This large ape moves easily through the trees. It swings from branch to branch, thanks to its very long arms. It's arms are so long that they reach the animal's ankles when it is standing up. The orangutan can climb to the top of the highest tree. On the ground, it nearly always moves on all fours, unlike the chimpanzee, which usually walks on its hind legs. Although orangutans live a solitary life, an orangutan couple with their young can sometimes be seen together feeding on fruit, especially wild figs. Every evening, the orangutan makes a nest out of leaves. The nest looks like a soft platform and is often placed in a tall tree. To protect itself from rain and sun, the orangutan puts large leaves on its head. Someitmes it winds leaves completely around its head and neck. Orangutans are the most silent of all apes. They grunt and smack their lips once in awhile. Occasionally, an orangutan will make a sound similar to a lion's roar, which is thought to be a way to tell other apes of its group where it is. If it is disturbed by humans, it shakes branches and makes all the noise it can. Orangutans now live only in the tropical forests of Sumatra and Borneo, and they are becoming mor rare. In the past, they were found in China and Java. Illegal hunting and the capturing of these animals for zoos and circuses endangered their survival.

75. Orangutans In Borneo 2000 Promotes a trip to Borneo in August 2000 with the orangutan Foundation UK. Contains details on orangutans and their background, geography, and plight. http://geocities.com/orangutans2000

Orangutans Your browser does not support frames. Please click here for the frameless version of this Web site. Orangutans Your browser does not support frames. Please click here for the frameless version of this Web site.

76. Orangutans Online News, links and articles on threats to orangutans and their habitat. http://www.orangutansonline.com/

77. Ape Alliance - Orangutan Groups. To chat about orangutans visit the orangutan Chat Page. Read the orangutan Foundation Factsheet (PDF file 54Kb). To find out how you can help, visit the Ape http://www.4apes.com/orangutan/

Orangutan Groups. Orangutans are the largest arboreal ape. They are found only in Sumatra and Borneo. Orangutans are in grave danger of extinction because their rainforest habitat is being converted for human use - the biggest threat is pemanent agriculture in the form of palm oil plantations and more recently illegal logging within protected areas. To chat about Orangutans visit the Orangutan Chat Page Read the Orangutan Foundation Factsheet (PDF file 54Kb) To find out how you can help, visit the Ape Alliance How to Help Page The following organisations are working to protect Orangutans, or are involved in their study and care: Australian Orangutan Project (AOP) P O Box 1414 South Perth Western Australia 6951 Web (en): www.orangutan.org.au Email: help@orangutan.org.au Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation UK Michelle Desilets Buckinghamshire England Int web: www.savetheorangutan.com Web (en): www.savetheorangutan.org.uk Care for the Wild International The Granary, Tickfold Farm, Kingsfold, West Sussex UK Phone: +44 (0)1306 627900 Fax: +44 (0)1306 627901 Web (en): www.careforthewild.com

78. Orangutans Of Sumatra Photographs of Sumatran orangutans and their habitat. http://www.nicklyon.btinternet.co.uk/subpages/aorangindex.htm

index index index index

79. Ape Alliance - Orangutan Working Group. The following organisations are involved in the orangutan Working Group. To chat about orangutans visit the orangutan Chat Page. by Nicholas Young http://www.4apes.com/orangutanwg/

Orangutan Working Group. The Orangutan Working Group is concerned with the protection of orangutans - Pongo pygmaeus . Orangutans are threatened by the destruction of their habitat in Borneo and Sumatra. The rainforest is being destroyed by illegal logging, palm oil plantations, agriculture and fires. The following organisations are involved in the Orangutan Working Group. To chat about Orangutans visit the Orangutan Chat Page To find out how you can help, visit the Ape Alliance How to Help Page Orangutan Foundation UK Orangtuan Working Group Secretariat Ashley Leiman 7 Kent Terrace London UK Phone: +44 (0)207 724 2912 Fax: +44 (0)207 706 2613 Web (en): www.orangutan.org Email: info@orangutan.org.uk Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation UK Michelle Desilets Buckinghamshire England Int web: www.savetheorangutan.com Web (en): www.savetheorangutan.org.uk Care for the Wild International The Granary, Tickfold Farm, Kingsfold, West Sussex UK Phone: +44 (0)1306 627900 Fax: +44 (0)1306 627901 Web (en): www.careforthewild.com Email: info@careforthewild.com

80. .: ORANGUTAN TOUR - Borneo Specialist Travel Agent :. Borneo Specialist Travel Agent. Central Kalimantan as one of the tourism destinations offers a unique attraction for you to enjoy. http://www.alamtour.com/

Introduction History Geography Climate ... Web Site Link Central Kalimantan as one of the tourism destinations offers a unique attraction for you to enjoy. Nature, culture and hospitality of the Dayak you will fell as soon as you arrive in this land of Tambun Bungai. The exciting culture, nature originity, and tradition drop the interests of visitor to come to Central Kalimantan. This fact might be seen from the increasing amount of the tourists visit Centrak Kalimantan, both domestic and foreign tourist. This Tourist Guide Book and Information of Central Kalimantan which is published in two languages, English and Bahasa Indonesia, may it be useful in giving description and information for one who wants to visit Central Kalimantan. Come and enjoy the exciting Dayak culture, your trip will be a nice and unforgettable experiment. All rights reserved.

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