101. CECC: China's History -- Modern China The opium War, 183942. During the eighteenth century, the market in Europe andAmerica for The rude realities of the opium War, the unequal treaties, http://www.cecc.gov/pages/virtualAcad/his/modern.php

Home Search Printer Friendly Subscribe/Unsubscribe to ... China's History The Emergence of Modern China Pre-Imperial Imperial Modern Republican ... Glossary Source: Library of Congress - Country Studies China The success of the Qing dynasty in maintaining the old order proved a liability when the empire was confronted with growing challenges from seafaring Western powers. The centuries of peace and self-satisfaction dating back to Ming times had encouraged little change in the attitudes of the ruling elite. The imperial Neo-Confucian scholars accepted as axiomatic the cultural superiority of Chinese civilization and the position of the empire at the hub of their perceived world. To question this assumption, to suggest innovation, or to promote the adoption of foreign ideas was viewed as tantamount to heresy. Imperial purges dealt severely with those who deviated from orthodoxy. By the nineteenth century, China was experiencing growing internal pressures of economic origin. By the start of the century, there were over 300 million Chinese, but there was no industry or trade of sufficient scope to absorb the surplus labor. Moreover, the scarcity of land led to widespread rural discontent and a breakdown in law and order. The weakening through corruption of the bureaucratic and military systems and mounting urban pauperism also contributed to these disturbances. Localized revolts erupted in various parts of the empire in the early nineteenth century. Secret societies, such as the White Lotus sect in the north and the Triad Society in the south, gained ground, combining anti-Manchu subversion with banditry.

102. District Of Maple Ridge - Community - History Of High Tea history The history and Traditions of Afternoon Tea The opium War betweenBritain and China was fought because of tea. The British government didn’t http://www.mapleridge.org/community/heritage/history_high_tea.html

Buildings in Maple Ridge Community Directory Community Profile Freedom of the District ... History The History and Traditions of Afternoon Tea According to on Chinese legend tea was discovered almost 5000 years ago by Shen Nung, a health conscious emperor who insisted that all his water be boiled before drinking in order to purify it. While boiling his water one day a leaf from a nearby tree fell into the water, infusing it with a unique flavour. As the resulting drink was quite pleasant, Shen Nung began cultivating the use of the camellia tree and the new drink became one of his favorites. A legend from Japan tells the story of a Buddhist monk, Bodhidharma who fell asleep while meditating for 9 years, angered at his weakness he tore off his eyelids and tossed them to the ground where they grew into the first tea plant which would become known for its ability to help one stay awake, and assisted future monks in their meditation. The Opium War between Britain and China was fought because of tea. The British government didn’t have the money to buy enough tea to meet the ever-increasing demands of the populace back home but they could grow inexpensive opium in India to sell in exchange for tea (or silver to then purchase tea). During the opium wars Britain was able to gain enough of a military advantage to sell Opium undisturbed in China till 1908

103. A Quick Guide To The World History Of Globalization perhaps 1989 and the end of the cold war and globalization of the opium Warsto protect the right of British merchants to trade in opium in China; http://www.sas.upenn.edu/~dludden/global1.htm

A Quick Guide to the World History of Globalization Resource Links Key Concepts Vinnie's online reading MAPS ... Globalization Since the Fourteenth Century A Very Long-Term View The many meanings of the word "globalization" have accumulated very rapidly, and recently, and the verb, "globalize" is first attested by the Merriam Webster Dictionary in 1944. In considering the history of globalization, some authors focus on events since 1492, but most scholars and theorists concentrate on the much more recent past. But long before 1492, people began to link together disparate locations on the globe into extensive systems of communication, migration, and interconnections. This formation of systems of interaction between the global and the local has been a central driving force in world history. [for very, very long-term world system history, see Andre Gunder Frank and especially " the five thousand year world system: an interdisciplinary introduction," by Andre Gunder Frank and Barry K. Gills.] Q: what is global?

104. Time Traveller's Guide To Victorian Britain takes the country to war with China over the opium trade. The East IndiaCompany grows opium in India and exports it to various countries, http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/guide19/timeline08.html

TV Listings Text Only Site A-Z FourDocs ... GAMES 23 August 1839 Opium War Previous event Timeline Next event Foreign Secretary Viscount Palmerston , a staunch believer in using military might to uphold British interests, takes the country to war with China over the opium trade. The East India Company grows opium in India and exports it to various countries, including China. However, China is a protectionist nation and blocks imports. It is also alarmed by the effects of opium on its citizens. In 1839, the Chinese authorities seize a shipment of East India Company opium in the port of Canton. Palmerston sends British warships, and for three years, they attack and blockade Chinese ports. The Chinese eventually capitulate and sign the Treaty of Nanking (1842), which opens up six Chinese ports to British trade, and gives Britain the island of Hong Kong as a trading base. Top

105. Stash Tea: The History Of Tea The history of Tea part of Stash Tea s A World of Tea web site. The OpiumWars broke out with the English ready to go to war for free trade (their http://www.stashtea.com/facts.htm

The History of Tea stash store stash website store and website The Legendary Origins of Tea The Chinese Influence The Japanese Influence Europe Learns of Tea ... Afternoon Tea Today in the USA The Legendary Origins of Tea The story of tea began in ancient China over 5,000 years ago. According to legend, Shen Nung, an early emperor was a skilled ruler, creative scientist and patron of the arts. His far-sighted edicts required, among other things, that all drinking water be boiled as a hygienic precaution. One summer day while visiting a distant region of his realm, he and the court stopped to rest. In accordance with his ruling, the servants began to boil water for the court to drink. Dried leaves from the near by bush fell into the boiling water, and a brown liquid was infused into the water. As a scientist, the Emperor was interested in the new liquid, drank some, and found it very refreshing. And so, according to legend, tea was created. (This myth maintains such a practical narrative, that many mythologists believe it may relate closely to the actual events, now lost in ancient history.) The Chinese Influence BACK TO TOP The Japanese Influence The first tea seeds were brought to Japan by the returning Buddhist priest Yeisei, who had seen the value of tea in China in enhancing religious mediation. As a result, he is known as the "Father of Tea" in Japan. Because of this early association, tea in Japan has always been associated with Zen Buddhism. Tea received almost instant imperial sponsorship and spread rapidly from the royal court and monasteries to the other sections of Japanese society.

106. European Imperialism, 1851-1900 The Sepoy Munity, Taiping Rebellion and Second opium War, revolt in Jamaica,Britain in Africa and Afghanistan, Europe s scramble for colonies, Ireland, http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/h50.htm

home 16-19th centuries previous next European Imperialism, 1851-1900 India's Sepoy Mutiny India (including what in the 20th century would be Pakistan and Bangladesh) had hundreds of independent states, with the British ruling less than half of its total area and the British East India Company in charge. It was a rule motivated by commerce. From India, Britain's manufacturers were receiving raw cotton, and the British were exporting to India manufactured goods - one tenth of Britain's exports going to India. As the government for the British in India, the British East India Company was paying the expense of troops to defend their interests, saving the budget conscious British government this expense. Some of India's princely rulers were puppets of the East India Company, and if such a prince f ailed to cooperate with the company, the company might dispose of him and annex his territory, ousting him from power using the Indian troops (Sepoys) that it employed. Ninety-six percent of the company's of army of 300,000 men in India were native to India. Among common Indians the introduction of rail lines and telegraphy had spread a fear of being overwhelmed by the British, and they feared that the British intended to Christianize them. Rebellion against rule by foreigners came 1857 from those the British East India Company had hired as troops - the Sepoys. The British had introduced a new rifle which used rifle cartridges the end of which had to be bitten off before use, and the cartridges were rumored to be greased with oil made from animal fat - the fat of sacred cows being taboo to Hindus and the fat of pigs being repulsive to Muslims. In May 1857 a soldier shot his commander for forcing the Indian troops to use the new rifles. Violence against the British spread among the Sepoys, and it spread as leading landowners encouraged revolt among civilians, the landlords hoping to regain losses from land reform that the British had imposed on them. The revolt spread to

107. Imperialism, To The Crimean War The opium War, 183942. China had long been aware of opium as a medicine.Its addictive qualities had also been known, and in 1723 its sale and consumption http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/h38-br.html

home 16-19th centuries previous next Imperialism to the Crimean War The British in India, Ceylon and Burma The British, by and large, thought of themselves as moral in addition to economically opportunistic. They had the world's most advanced economy and were the world's foremost commercial power, creating for themselves greater economic opportunity. They had become the world's foremost trader across oceans and the world's foremost naval power. The British were largely devoted to freedom in economic enterprise - rather than government-owned and directed enterprise. This was a part of their liberalism. On the western coast of India, Britain's East India Company held the island of Bombay - which had been a desolate place that Britain's Charles II (1630-85) had acquired when he married a Portuguese princess. The company was also established in the Indian province of Madras , and it had a trading center at Masulipatam (Machilipatam). But the base in India for the East India Company was on the eastern side of the sub-continent, at Calcutta . In 1690, Calcutta was a village, sixty miles upriver in the Ganges delta, with access by ship to the high seas. There the company was close to textile producers, who took their goods overland to Calcutta. In 1717 the Mughal emperor, Farukh-siyar (1713-19), granted the company duty-free trading rights in exchange for three thousand Rupees, and, by 1735, Calcutta's population had risen to 100,000 and Calcutta had become a thriving commercial port.

108. CHINESE HISTORY The history of China (From 18001905). by Joshua. The Qing Dynasty The OpiumWar of 1839-42 started when the Chinese imperial government confronted http://www.masters.ab.ca/bdyck/China/History/

The History of China (From 1800-1905) by Joshua The Qing Dynasty During this time period, China was governed by the Qing dynasty, which was founded by the Jurchen or Manchu people. It was the last dynasty in China and reigned from 1644-1911. Unfortunately, the Qing were very autocratic and despotic rulers. They banished and persecuted many intellectuals. Eventually the dynasty failed when many new problems arose. The once glorious empire fell because of rampant corruption, a steady decentralization of power, rebellions, warfare overpopulation and natural disasters. This led to frequent poverty. China was becoming a semi-feudal and semi-colonized country. This and many other events caused a flood of foreign Chinese immigrants into various countries such as Canada. The Opium War Originally, opium was used for medicinal purposes such as cures for dysentery, cholera and other diseases when it was manufactured in China. Alarmed that opium was misused for smoking purposes and at the debilitating effect it produced, it was immediately banned and expelled. This ban didn't impact Britain who were gradually taking over the opium empire from it's European capitalist rivals, Portugal and Holland. The Opium War of 1839-42 started when the Chinese imperial government confronted foreign merchant ships and demanded they surrender their illegal cargo. Capt. Elliot, superintendent of the British fleet, asked the Governor-General of India for as many ships as he could spare. He sent them to Hong Kong. Once they arrived, they protected the opium-carrying merchant vessels. Chinese junks sent by the emperor didn't stand a chance against the British warship. The wars waged on the Chinese people caused untold deaths and casualties. The British destroyed, plundered, looted and raped their way along the coast of China. This caused disunity and tension in China, giving rise to foreign Chinese immigrants.

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