1. Responding To Oil Spills, Oil Program, US EPA U.S. EPA oil spills program home page http://www.epa.gov/oilspill/response.htm

Oil Program Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Oil Program Responding to Oil Spills Where You Live About the Oil Program Reporting Oil Spills Preventing Oil Spills ... Science and Research Responding to Oil Spills Despite the nation's best efforts to prevent spills, almost 14,000 oil spills are reported each year, mobilizing thousands of specially trained emergency response personnel and challenging the best-laid contingency plans. Although many spills are contained and cleaned up by the party responsible for the spill, some spills require assistance from local and state agencies, and occasionally, the federal government. Under the National Contingency Plan , EPA is the lead federal response agency for oil spills occurring in inland waters , and the U.S. Coast Guard is the lead response agency for spills in coastal waters and deepwater ports. Whether or not it manages the response, EPA tracks all reports of oil spills. EPA usually learns about a spill from the responsible party, who is required by law to report the spill to the federal government, or from state and local responders. Once the federal government receives the report, either through the National Response Center , EPA, or another agency, it is recorded in the Emergency Response Notification System , or ERNS. ERNS contains historical spill information for the entire country dating from 1986, and is currently available for downloading.

2. Quarles Petroleum Fails To Report Major Oil Spill oil spills and resulting lawsuits are described. Contains information those whose property has been damaged by an incompetent or dishonest oil dealer. http://home.earthlink.net/~caltrop/

Quarles Petroleum Incorporated Repeated Violations of Environmental and Safety Laws in Unreported Oil Spills Secret Payments to Victims Conceal the Facts This Web site describes the wrongful business practices of Quarles Petroleum that have resulted in financial loss, property damage and personal injury to Quarles customers and others. Information is taken from public records of lawsuits, files of the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, documents provided by Quarles Petroleum and other sources. Quarles Petroleum has attempted to suppress the publication of this information by threatening litigation against the owner of this site and by offering to pay $15,000 for its removal. Jack Runyon is solely responsible for this site. For more information, feel free to e-mail or call Jack at 703-791-0245. April 23, 2002 Update on the Quarles Petroleum Drunk Driver Spill The Fredericksburg Freelance-Star reports that the Quarles Petroleum drunk driver has been tried, found guilty and sentenced. Quarles has purchased the Culpeper home and torn it down. A short article on the incident also appeared in the Washington Post. Link to the Freelance-Star article.

3. What's The Story On Oil Spills? When we talk about oil spills, how much oil are we talking about? oil spills into rivers, bays, and the ocean are caused by accidents involving tankers, http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/kids/spills.html

For Kids / What's the Story? What's the Story on Oil Spills? When we talk about oil spills, how much oil are we talking about? Quite a lot: The United States uses about 700 million gallons of oil every day. The world uses nearly 3 billion gallons each day. The largest spill in the United States so far was the Exxon Valdez spill into Prince William Sound, Alaska in March 1989. An oil tanker ran aground to cause this spill of almost 11 million gallons of crude oil. While this was a big spill, it was actually only a small fractionless than 2 percentof what the United States uses in 1 day! These big numbers are hard to relate to everyday life, so let's make some comparisons. To better understand how much 11 million gallons of oil is, check the table below. It shows how many familiar rooms or buildings would be filled up by the approximate amount of oil spilled from the Exxon Valdez. For example, that oil would have filled up 9 school gyms or 430 classrooms. Total Volume Gallons Gyms Houses Classrooms Living Rooms Exxon Valdez Oil Spill School Gymnasium (50' * 50' * 65') Average House (40' * 40' * 8') Average Classroom (20' * 20' * 8') Average Living Room (12' *18' * 8') What do we use all this oil for?

4. Ocean Planet Oil Pollution oil spills from the University of Southampton Ocean Planet Exhibition Floorplan http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. Especially For Kids If you re a student who d like to learn more about oil spills or hazardous What s the Story on oil spills? Here is some general information about oil http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/kids/kids.html

/ Especially for Kids Especially for Kids Home Page Site Index About Us Oil Spill Aids ... Coastal Chemicals For Kids Image Gallery Available Products Site Search If you're a student who'd like to learn more about oil spills or hazardous chemical accidents, here is information we hope you'll find helpful. The Basics What's the Story on Oil Spills? Here is some general information about oil spills and how they happen. Answers to Your Questions Answers to questions that students, teachers, and other people have asked us. Guided Tours See how NOAA scientists and other experts respond to oil spills and chemical accidents. Mearns Rock It isn't easy to determine whether a particular area of shoreline has recovered from oiling during a spill, or how to expect it to look when it has. This rock was oiled during the Exxon Valdez spill. Here is a sequence of photos of it, taken once each year for the past 9 years. Have the plants and animals living on and around this rock recovered from the Exxon Valdez spill? Experiments and Projects You Can Do Here are some experiments and projects you can do, either at home for fun, as demonstrations to your class, or even as science fair projects.

6. A Study Of Environmental And Health Consequences Of Oil Spills In Nigeria's Nige Investigation by three Nigerian environmental scientists on the impact of continuous oil spills in the Niger Delta, covering human health, air quality, fish health, and agriculture. http://www.waado.org/Environment/PetrolPolution/OilSpills/OilSpillsImpact_TitleP

Urhobo Historical Society OIL SPILLAGE IN NIGERIA'S NIGER DELTA INTEGRATED GRASS ROOT POST-IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF ACUTE DAMAGING EFFECTS OF CONTINUOUS OIL SPILLS IN THE NIGER DELTA JANUARY 1998 - JANUARY 2000 PRIMARY AUTHORS/RESEARCHERS: DR. E. A. AKPOFURE CHIEF M. L. EFERE DR. PROSPER AYAWEI COMPLETE CONTACT ADDRESS: International Association for Impact Assessment Nigeria (IAIA) #13 Ekere Street, Rumuomasi, P. O. Box 5161, T/Amadi, Port Harcourt Nigeria. Tel/Fax: 084-2344622 Email: iaiangphca@linkserve.com PROCEED TO STUDY'S TABLE OF CONTENTS RETURN TO CONTENTS RETURN TO OIL SPILLS PAGE var site="sm9waado"

7. NOAA Office Of Response And Restoration Respond to oil spills and chemical accidents, and offer tools and information to emergency responders and other interested people. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. Oil Program, US EPA Information about programs for preventing, preparing for, and responding to oil spills that occur in and around inland waters of the United States, http://www.epa.gov/oilspill/

Oil Program Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Oil Program Where You Live About the Oil Program Reporting Oil Spills Preventing Oil Spills ... Science and Research Oil Program Welcome to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Oil Program, one of the areas covered by the Office of Emergency Management . This website provides information about the U.S. EPA's program for preventing, preparing for, and responding to oil spills that occur in and around inland waters of the United States. The Oil Program is administered through EPA headquarters and the 10 EPA Regions. Current Issues EPA Prepares for Publication of "SPCC Guidance for Regional Inspectors" EPA is preparing to release its "SPCC Guidance for Regional Inspectors." The document is undergoing thorough review, and it will be made publicly available within the next several weeks. Please check back, more information will be posted soon. The document is intended to assist regional inspectors in reviewing a facility's implementation of the Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) rule (40 CFR part 112). It is intended to establish a common understanding among regional EPA inspectors on how certain provisions of the rule may be applied. It will cover topics such as applicability, environmental equivalence, secondary containment and impracticability, and integrity testing, as well as the role of the inspector in the review of these provisions. It will also be available as a guide to owners and operators of facilities that may be subject to the requirements of the SPCC rule and the general public on how EPA intends the SPCC rule to be implemented.

9. What's The Story On Oil Spills? What's the Story on oil spills? http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. EPA: OSWER Information on cleaning up contaminated properties; preventing and preparing for chemical accidents and oil spills; and managing waste safely. http://www.epa.gov/swerrims/

Solid Waste and Emergency Response Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) Land Cleanup and Redevelopment Emergencies, Accidents and Spills ... Our Partners Hurricane Response EPA Resources Response Home General information about hurricanes Federal Resources How to Get Help Donate and Volunteer Finding Friends Health and Safety ... Land Revitalization and Press Release One Cleanup Program and Press Release Anthrax EPA Responds to Columbia Shuttle Disaster Response to September 11, 2001 Highlights Cleanup OSWER Vision Newsletter OSWER Innovation Pilots Speeches and Testimonies ... Our Priorities Emergency Response and Homeland Security Land Revitalization One Cleanup Program Workforce Development and Succession Planning Innovations and the Innovations Work Group About Our Assistant Administrator Speeches and Testimonies Our Offices ... Environmental Justice in Waste Programs How Do I... Reduce, Reuse or Recycle?

11. Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council-Home Page provides information about the impact of the oil spill, the status of recovery of injured resources, and services and information about ongoing http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. National Response Center Intro Page The sole federal point of contact for reporting chemical and oil spills. Home of the Atlantic and Pacific Strike Teams. http://www.nrc.uscg.mil/

13. Oil Spill Web - The International Oil Spill Information And Online equipment and service directory, conferences, RFQs, emergency contacts, news, science, debate, and oil spill response handbook. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

14. Oil Program, US EPA Oil Program Where You Live. About the Oil Program. Reporting oil spills. Preventing oil spills. Preparing for oil spills. Responding to Oil http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. Oil Program, US EPA Information about programs for preventing, preparing for, and responding to oil spills that occur in and around inland waters of the United States, with governing legislation. http://www.epa.gov/oilspill/index.htm

Oil Program Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Oil Program Where You Live About the Oil Program Reporting Oil Spills Preventing Oil Spills ... Science and Research Oil Program Welcome to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Oil Program, one of the areas covered by the Office of Emergency Management . This website provides information about the U.S. EPA's program for preventing, preparing for, and responding to oil spills that occur in and around inland waters of the United States. The Oil Program is administered through EPA headquarters and the 10 EPA Regions. Current Issues EPA Prepares for Publication of "SPCC Guidance for Regional Inspectors" EPA is preparing to release its "SPCC Guidance for Regional Inspectors." The document is undergoing thorough review, and it will be made publicly available within the next several weeks. Please check back, more information will be posted soon. The document is intended to assist regional inspectors in reviewing a facility's implementation of the Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) rule (40 CFR part 112). It is intended to establish a common understanding among regional EPA inspectors on how certain provisions of the rule may be applied. It will cover topics such as applicability, environmental equivalence, secondary containment and impracticability, and integrity testing, as well as the role of the inspector in the review of these provisions. It will also be available as a guide to owners and operators of facilities that may be subject to the requirements of the SPCC rule and the general public on how EPA intends the SPCC rule to be implemented.

16. What Is An Oil Spill? Oil and Water Don't Mix. When oil spills out of a ship, it is warm and floats easily on the surface. Some of it will naturally dissipate. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

17. ITOPF - Effects Of Marine Oil Spills oil spills can have a serious economic impact on coastal activities and on The following summarises the impact that oil spills can have on selected http://www.itopf.com/effects.html

Effects of Marine Oil Spil ls Oil spills can have a serious economic impact on coastal activities and on those who exploit the resources of the sea. In most cases such damage is temporary and is caused primarily by the physical properties of oil creating nuisance and hazardous conditions. The impact on marine life is compounded by toxicity and tainting effects resulting from the chemical composition of oil, as well as by the diversity and variability of biological systems and their sensitivity to oil pollution. Impact of oil on coastal activities The effects of a particular oil spill depend upon many factors, not least the properties of the oil. Contamination of coastal amenity areas is a common feature of many spills leading to public disquiet and interference with recreational activities such as bathing, boating, angling and diving. Hotel and restaurant owners, and others who gain their livelihood from the tourist trade can also be affected. The disturbance to coastal areas and to recreational pursuits from a single spill is comparatively short-lived and any effect on tourism is largely a question of restoring public confidence once clean-up is completed. Industries that rely on a clean supply of seawater for their normal operations can be adversely affected by oil spills. If substantial quantities of floating or sub-surface oil are drawn through intakes, contamination of the condenser tubes may result, requiring a reduction in output or total shutdown whilst cleaning is carried out.

18. ITOPF Past Spill Statistics Table 3 Selected major oil spills Position Shipname Year Location Spill Size (tonnes) 1 http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

19. ITOPF Past Spill Statistics Since 1974, ITOPF has maintained a database of oil spills from tankers, The table below gives a brief summary of 20 major oil spills since 1967. http://www.itopf.com/stats.html

HISTORICAL DATA Statistics Since 1974, ITOPF has maintained a database of oil spills from tankers, combined carriers and barges. This covers all ACCIDENTAL spillages except those resulting from acts of war. Information is gathered from both published sources, such as the shipping press and other specialist publications, and also from vessel owners and their insurers. Not surprisingly, information from published sources generally relates to large spills, often resulting from collisions, groundings, structural damage, fires and explosions, whereas the majority of individual reports relate to small operational spillages. Complete reporting of this latter type of spill is clearly difficult to achieve. It should be noted that the figures for amount of oil spilt in an incident include all oil lost to the environment, including that which is burnt or remains in a sunken vessel. There is considerable annual variation in both the incidence of oil spills and the amounts of oil lost and so the figures in the following tables, and any averages derived from them, should be viewed with caution. Download a formatted copy of the following information ( ITOPF's Oil Tanker Spill Information Pack (347kb)) in Adobe Acrobat.

20. ITOPF Planning Contingency planning for oil spills Costs The costs of oil spills http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

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