21. Book Review The American Historical Review, 106.5 The Unlike holiday books that emphasize a celebratory approach to national unity, The book explores the history of America s public holidays primarily http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/ahr/106.5/br_73.html

You have not been recognized as a subscriber to the AHR online. About 262 words from this article are provided below; about 573 words remain. If you are a individual member of the American Historical Association, you may: login here if you have already registered for online access. register your subscription Set up your online account for the first time. AHA members can go to the AHA individual membership section to locate their member numbers. If you are not a member of the American Historical Association, you can: Join the AHA and receive many member benefits including print and electronic issues of the American Historical Review. Purchase a research pass to gain two hour access to the entire History Cooperative web site. You will have full access to current issues of the American Historical Review (104.3-present). Note: the Research Pass does not provide access to JSTOR's holdings of the American Historical Review. Instititutions can: Subscribe to this journal and receive print and electronic issues. Activate your existing subscription so that we recognize your IP number ranges.

22. History Now. The Historians Perspective Thanksgiving stands as one of the most american of holidays, But the idea ofa permanent, national day of Thanksgiving became a dream of one of the most http://www.historynow.org/06_2005/historian3.html

A Place in History: Historical Perspective on Martin Luther King Jr. Day by James Oliver Horton "From These Honored Dead:" Memorial Day and Veterans Day in American History by Kenneth T. Jackson Giving Thanks: Women Move to Create a Holiday by Catherine Clinton Labor Day: From Protest to Picnics by Joshua B. Freeman The Invention of the Fourth of July by David Waldstreicher Giving Thanks: Women Move to Create a Holiday by Catherine Clinton Independent Scholar President Kennedy Pardons a Thanksgiving Turkey, 1963 (Courtesy of the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library) Thanksgiving Message from Calvin Coolidge, November 1923 (GLC08026) The History of Plimoth Plantation In 1789 Congress debated whether the federal government should establish a uniform day of thanksgiving, or leave the decision up to individual states as had been done for over a century. On October 3, 1789, President George Washington issued his own proclamation, directing Americans to celebrate and give thanks on Thursday, November 26. As a symbolic gesture, the new president sent money to supply debtors in the New York City jail with provisions, while he attended church services, thus beginning the American custom of local charity associated with Thanksgiving.

23. Columbus Day - American History - USA Columbus Day for decades before it became a national holiday. A day tolook back at America’s glorious history, Columbus Day is a day for kids to http://www.ringsurf.com/info/Holidays/American_Holidays/Columbus_Day/

RING SURF -MARKET IT -FIND IT Home Help Contact Us Advertise on RingSurf ... Log In Menu Send us your Article American Holidays Creating New Holidays Columbus Day Although America is a country that has seen many events that drastically shaped its development, it’s easy to say that without the work of Christopher Columbus, things would just be a little bit different.  For the few of you that aren’t really sure who Christopher Columbus is, let me enlighten you. The son of a wool merchant and weaver, the Genoa (a place in Italy) born Christopher Columbus didn’t seem to have much of a future.  He worked for his father for a short bit of time and nurtured a great ambition that was popular at the time.  This ambition: to travel the seas and find a better route to the East Indies.  Although this may seem like a strange dream in contemporary times, things were just a little bit different in the fifteenth century.  Europe had Asia fever, which isn’t a disease but rather a desire to obtain the many unique goods and spices that were readily available in Asia but not in Europe. Although prospects looked grim, this wool merchant’s son displayed an almost all-American spirit doggedly pursuing his goal of finding a better route to Asia.  During the years 1477 and 1482, Columbus embarked on a series of travels that took him to places as far away as Iceland and Guinea, which he thought was ample preparation for his desired trip.  However, after proposing his

24. Lincolns Birthday - US Celebrations The third Monday of February, President’s Day is a national holiday only timein american history where parts of the nation fought against each other. http://www.ringsurf.com/info/Holidays/American_Holidays/Lincoln_s_Birthday/

RING SURF -MARKET IT -FIND IT Home Help Contact Us Advertise on RingSurf ... Log In Menu Send us your Article American Holidays Creating New Holidays Lincoln’s Birthday Often in a president’s time, there is controversy that they have to face.  However there’s controversy and then there’s controversy , and everywhere that President Abraham Lincoln looked there was only one thing that he saw: trouble.  The sixteenth president of the nation, Abraham Lincoln is remembered for his ability to chart America’s course through troubled waters and leave the country in a much better state than it had been when he first became president. Born on February 12, 1809, President Abraham Lincoln’s birthday is celebrated as a national holiday as part of President’s Day.  The third Monday of February, President’s Day is a national holiday designed for Americans to remember the contributions of arguably the two most influential presidents in American history, President George Washington and President Abraham Lincoln.  Although some may argue that other presidents recent (President Bill Clinton) and old (President Thomas Jefferson) deserve to be honored on President’s Day (although everybody agrees that President Calvin Coolidge does not deserve to be remembered on this holiday), nobody will argue that President Washington and President Lincoln deserve their own holidays.

25. Flag Day In The United States Is June 14th Canada began celebration of a national flag day on February 15, 1965. president in american history, seemed to have the best answer; history shows that http://vikingphoenix.com/Holidays/flagday.htm

Flag Day in the United States is June 14th VikingPhoenix.com Flag Day 2003 Holidays Download U.S. Flags (Graphics) Includes 9-11 flags VikingPhoenix.com opposes flag burning amendments "In 1976, baseball player Rick Monday stopped a flag burning during a game in Los Angeles. Rather than stand around waiting for somebody to pass a law or amend the Constitution, Monday simply snatched the flag from the desecrators. Rick Monday proved you don't need the government or a law to do the right thing." - Richard Rongstad. More Flag Burning Quotes Flag News June 15, 2005 Vote on flag desecration may be 'cliffhanger' Legal Protection of the U.S. Flag The Citizens Flag Alliance seeks to restore legal power of the 50 U.S. States to protect the " flag from purposeful acts of mutilation, defacement, trampling, or burning ". The Citizens Flag Alliance, Inc. is "a group of individuals and organizations that support passage of an amendment to the United States Constitution that will return to "We the people" the freedom to protect the U.S. Flag from physical desecration." Read more at Flags of Freedom Foundation, Inc.

26. More News On The Native American Holiday Whereas, there are ten national holidays now recognized by the federal government the month of November be designated Native american history month; and http://www.unitednativeamerica.com/letters/ah2.html

Home Page Links Letters Media Links ... Print This Page MORE NEWS ON THE NATIVE AMERICAN HOLIDAY SEPTEMBER 12, 2000 The Congressional Indian Caucus in Washington DC. has announced they will start the process of drafting a holiday bill to take before congress. They will circulate this bill around the country to Tribal Nations, allowing them the opportunity to have input on the wording of the bill. Kimberly Teehee of the Indian Caucus is asking for all Tribal Nations to pass resolutions in support of this holiday or official letters of support to be sent to her office. Her address is: 2187 Rayburn House, Office Building Washington DC. 20515 Phone # 202-225-3611 Also a copy should be sent to: United Native America Rt. 6 box 243 Muldrow, OK 74948 It is important for each and every one of us to contact a Tribal council member and ask that they present this issue to the full Council to consider drafting letters of support for the national holiday issue. The Indian Caucus has heard us loud and clear, they are fully aware that the people want this holiday to become a reality! They need Tribal support to show Congress that the Indian Nations are behind this issue too. With this support congress will have to acknowledge that the majority of Americans are for this holiday. After this announcement you will receive three more one will be The Cherokee Nation Resolution, United Native America Resolution and a letter to congress members. Copy these letters and send them to your Tribal Nation to use as a reference to the holiday issue.

27. Fact Sheet: We The People Forum On American History, Civics, And Service The national Museum of american history, where today s forum took place, that will teach students the origins and significance of our national holidays. http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/05/20030501-5.html

Issues Hurricane Relief Homeland Security Judicial Nominations ... RSS Feeds News by Date August 2005 July 2005 June 2005 May 2005 ... January 2001 Interact Ask the White House White House Interactive Appointments Nominations Application Federal Facts Federal Statistics West Wing History Home May 2003 For Immediate Release Office of the Press Secretary May 1, 2003 Fact Sheet: We the People Forum on American History, Civics, and Service We the People Forum on American History, Civics, and Service The USA Freedom Corps, as part of its mission to promote a culture of service, citizenship and responsibility in America's communities, has worked with federal agencies to find ways government can support the teaching of American history and our democratic traditions. Today's "We the People" forum is part of that effort. On September 17, 2002, the 215th anniversary of the signing of the U.S. Constitution, President George W. Bush announced new government efforts to improve the teaching of American history and civics and make national treasures more accessible to teachers and students - including a "We the People" Forum on American History, Civics, and Service. At the forum, members of his Administration announced the National Endowment for the Humanities will ask Congress to provide $100 million over the next three years to support this effort, and the Department of Education is accepting applications for nearly $100 million in competitive grants this year to raise student achievement by improving teachers' knowledge of American history.

28. Kathy Schrock's Guide For Educators - Holiday Information Black history Month Resources may also be found on the american history Sites national Grandparents Day the official site of this September holiday http://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/holidays.html

postionList = "compscreen,hedthick,admedia,tower,nuiad,interstitial"; OAS_RICH("interstitial"); OAS_RICH("admedia"); OAS_RICH("hedthick"); Activity Calendar ...a month-by-month, quick overview of the special events you can celebrate in your classroom Arbor Day ...a history and explanation of this United States celebration Betsy Ross Home Page ...find out information about Betsy Ross, the Star-Spangled Banner, and the history of the US flag Black History Month Resources may also be found on the American History Sites page. Chinese New Year ...an informative page including the celebration, customs, and foods of this holiday Columbus Navigation Home Page ...a page that examines the history, navigation, and landfall of Christopher Columbus Diversity Calendar ...world holidays presented by month, and separated by ethnic, national holiday, and religious categories Earth Day Page by Planetpals ...activities, ideas, history, and earth science all connected to Earth Day and ecology Earth Site ...a site including information on the founding of Earth Day Everything Kwanzaa ...this page includes a good summary of the holiday's tenets and principles Giving Thanks: Thanksgiving Resources on the Web for Educators ...a site for educators to help utilize all types of Net sites dealing with Thanksgiving in support of the curriculum Groundhog Day History ...a single page with the history of this holiday and the shadow results for the last 100 years History of Labor Day ...the "official" overview of the history of the holiday by the US Department of Labor

29. Additional Resources -- 4th July This holiday site from USA Citylink includes music, fireworks, history and more . The national Museum of american history presents this exhibit of 100 http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/holidays/july4/resources.htm

July 4 Additional Resources Official Texts Celebration Documents The Flag ... Historical Resources Official Texts President's Proclamation , 02 July 2005 President's Radio Address , 02 July 2005 Americans Reflect on Meaning of Citizenship, Patriotism as Independence Day Approaches VOA, 01 July 2005 United States Welcomes New Citizens During July 4 Ceremonies , 30 June 2005 Flag Day and National Flag Week, 2005 Proclamation , 10 June 2005 Celebration Fourth of July Celebrations Database This database was begun in 1995 by James Heintze, Librarian at American University, Washington, D.C. Its purpose is to bring together in one source selected examples of Fourth of July celebrations that have occurred throughout U.S. history from 1776 to 2003. The goal is to capture a slice of the American cultural traditionits pageantry, spectacle, music, and symbol in order to enhance our understanding of the American character and heritage. A Capitol Fourth Join the celebration from the grounds of the U.S. Capitol when A Capitol Fourth kicks off a brilliant evening of musical entertainment topped by a dazzling display of fireworks over the Washington Monument.

30. Calendars: A Guide To Locating Events For Each Day Of The Year Military history. The american Revolution Day by Day By the national Park Service The Wilstar Holiday Page - Information on american holidays and http://www.sldirectory.com/cal.html

Virtual Middle School Library Home Calendars: A guide to locating events for each day of the year Today's Date Astronomical Events Historical Events and Birthdays: General Historical Events and Birthdays:Specific Subject Areas ... Timelines Today's Date and Time The Official U.S. Time - You can set your clock by this site from the US Government. World Time Server - Local time all over the world. Perpetual Calendars - From year 1 to year 2400. Calendar Date - Compare monthly calendars for the years between 1970 and 2030. You may also calculate the number of days between two dates during this same time period. Daylight Saving Time - The rationale, the history, and the dates for clock changing through the year 2004. Leap Year - This site explains why a leap year is needed and which years are leap years. 24 Hour Translations Date Converter - Convert dates in the Gregorian and the Julian calendars, and also calculate the Julian date. An explanation of these calendars is given. Chabad.Org Calendar - Convert a regular calendar date into the Jewish calendar date, determine the time to light the Shabbat candle, and determine the date for a Bar/Bat Mitzvah. Calendar Stats - Convert Julian, Gregorian and Jewish dates, and calculate the serial day number for the date. If you do not know what a serial day number is, this site explains it.

31. Faculty Of Humanities - La Trobe University A number of history subjects are offered in the North american area, We seethis in the commemoration of certain events and national holidays, http://www.latrobe.edu.au/history/

La Trobe Home Skip to Content Contact La Trobe Sitemap ... International Home Undergraduate Honours Postgraduate Academic Staff Profiles ... Contact History Program La Trobe University BUNDOORA CAMPUS VIC 3086 Tel: Fax: Email: History Program School of Historical and European Studies History Program History at La Trobe Areas of study Why study history? History at La Trobe University History has been taught at La Trobe since the University's beginnings in 1967. The staff have a strong commitment to teaching and over the years have gained a reputation for innovation and dedication. For instance La Trobe pioneered the first History and Film subjects. Its staff developed a new interdisciplinary method of historical research now known world-wide as the approach of 'The Melbourne School'. Recently History has joined with Archaeology, Art History and the European language programs to become the School of Historical and European Studies, a move which promises more fruitful inter-disciplinary collaboration. History at La Trobe takes pride in its commitment to teaching. Tutorials are taken by the lecturing staff as well as by tutors, who may be employed in the larger undergraduate subjects. Classes are of moderate size and students can be sure of individual attention. Staff have email addresses and generally make themselves accessible to students, either by appointment or during specified hours at which they are available for consultation.

32. NREL: Diversity At NREL - Calendar Of Celebrations Black history Month—the Library of Congress The Africanamerican Mosaic or Among national holidays, it ranks second only to Mexican Independence Day. http://www.nrel.gov/diversity/calendar.html?print

33. South Africa's National Holidays The significance of South Africa s national holidays. European HistoryamericanHistory20th Century HistoryAfricanamerican HistoryAfrica for Visitors http://africanhistory.about.com/library/bl/blsaholidays.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help African History Apartheid South Africa's National Holidays Homework Help African History Essentials A Gazetteer of African Independence ... Help w(' ');zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the African History newsletter! See Online Courses Search African History South Africa's National Holidays A look at the significance of South Africa's seven national holidays. When Apartheid ended and the African National Congress under Nelson Mandela came into power in South Africa in 1994, the national holidays were changed to days that would be meaningful to all South Africans. 21 March: Human Rights Day On this day in 1960 the police killed 69 people at Sharpeville who were participating in a protest against the pass laws. Many were shot in the back. The carnage made world headlines. Four days later the government banned black political organisations, many leaders were arrested or went into exile. During the Apartheid era there were human rights abuses by all sides; Human Rights Day is but one step to ensure that the people of South Africa are aware of their human rights and to ensure that such abuses never again occur. 27 April: Freedom Day This was the day in 1994 when the first democratic election was held in South Africa, ie an election when all adults could vote irrespective of their race, and the day in 1997 when the new constitution took effect.

34. Timeline Of African-American History - EnchantedLearning.com Timeline of Africanamerican history. 1986, Martin Luther King Jr. Day isdeclared a national holiday in the US. Enchanted Learning® http://www.enchantedlearning.com/history/us/aframer/timeline.shtml

Become a member of Enchanted Learning. Site subscriptions last 12 months. Click here for more information on site membership. $20.00/year or other amount (directly by Credit Card $20.00/year or other amount (via PayPal As a thank-you bonus, site members have access to a banner-ad-free version of the site, with print-friendly pages. (Already a member? Click here. African-American Biographies EnchantedLearning.com Timeline of African-American History Timeline Quiz/Printout Timeline Quiz Answers Estevanico explores the Southwestern US The first African slaves are brought to Virginia The US bans the import of slaves Harriet Tubman born Dred Scott Supreme Court decision - slaves do not have the right to bring a case to court and cannot be citizens Abraham Lincoln becomes President of the US; Civil War starts Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation Civil War ends; Lincoln is assassinated; 13th amendment to Constitution abolishes slavery 14th amendment to Constitution grants citizenship to former slaves 15th amendment to Constitution prohibits states from denying the right to vote because of race Peary and Henson reach the North Pole Martin Luther King, Jr.

35. Internet Public Library: Calendars The american Secular holidays Calendar http//www.smart.net/~mmontes/ushols.html Many include recipes, crafts, history of holiday. http://www.ipl.org/div/subject/browse/ref20.00.00

dqmcodebase = "/javascript/" Subject Collections Business Computers Education ... Calendars This collection All of the IPL Advanced The organization and record of the passing of days or time. Also include are topical and audience-specific calendars, such as religious and cultural calendars. Resources in this category: You can also view Magazines Associations on the Net under this heading. The American Secular Holidays Calendar http://www.smart.net/~mmontes/ushols.html Calculates the date and day of the week for all American secular holidays for any year after 1776. Calculation of the Ecclesiastical Calendar http://www.smart.net/~mmontes/ec-cal.html Will calculate the dates and days-of-the-week for Western and Orthodox Christian holy days, feasts, etc. for any year after 325 AD. Calendar of Jewish Holidays http://bnaibrith.org/programs/jholidays/index.cfm This Calendar gives the English Calendar dates for traditional Jewish Holidays for 1996-2006. A short description of each holiday is also provided. This page will only be legible if your browser supports tables. The Calendar Zone http://www.calendarzone.com/

36. Internet Public Library: Pathfinders This national Park Service web site provides a brief history of the Easter Egg Describes the folklore and traditions of holidays celebrated in America, http://www.ipl.org/div/pf/entry/48435

dqmcodebase = "/javascript/" Subject Collections Business Computers Education ... Pathfinders This collection All of the IPL Advanced American Holiday Traditions This pathfinder has been created as a guide to finding resources on holiday origins, traditions, and celebration, primarily American. It includes both online sources and print sources. holidays. Internet Sources Print Sources Internet Sources These are specific sources on some of the major holidays celebrated in the United States. For information on holidays not listed here, you can try Yahoo!'s category on Holidays and Observances http://dir.yahoo.com/Society_and_Culture/Holidays_and_Observances/ in which you can find sites about Passover, Kwaanza, Mother's Day, Ramadan, the Fourth of July, and so forth. Christmas How Christmas Works - The Complete Guide to Christmas Traditions http://www.howstuffworks.com/christmas.htm This informative section of the "HowStuffWorks" web site includes answers to a wide variety of Christmas questions, including "Is December 25 really the day Jesus was born?", "Why is mistletoe hanging over the front door?", and "Why is Christmas sometimes spelled Xmas?". Christmas Round the World (Wide Web) http://www.auburn.edu/~vestmon/christmas.html

37. Colonial America 1600-1775, K12 Resources Selected resources for teaching Colonial american history for educators at all grade national Gallery of Art. Textiles from the Index of american Design http://falcon.jmu.edu/~ramseyil/colonial.htm

38. U.S. Holiday Lesson Plans & Activities Mother s Day Mother s Day is a modern american holiday which was rapidly adoptedby people from many national history Day Women s history Week http://members.aol.com/MrDonnLessons/USHolidays.html

U.S.Holiday Lesson Plans Black History Month Presidents Day Labor Day Martin Luther King, Jr. ... Return to Holidays Didn't find what you needed? Try this! Have a great year! MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. DAY (Jan) Celebrating your birthday is certainly not a new idea. In ancient Rome, birthdays were celebrated as festivals! Today, in the United States, we celebrate our own birthday with family and friends, and celebrate some of our national heroes birthdays with a great deal of fanfare and excitement. One such hero is Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. For Everyone! Civil Rights (Mrs Donn's Special Section) Martin Luther King Day (2 mini-units, scroll down) Analyze I Have a Dream speech (for debates on other subjects, click here Peace, Critical Thinking Lesson Plan (9th-12th) About Martin Luther King, Jr (Seattle Times) MLK, Jr (Enchanted Learning) ... Non-Violent Protest Through The Ages (MLK, Jr, Gandhi, Karamch, Thoreau) PRESIDENTS DAY The ancient Greeks loved heroes! The word "hero" comes from the Greeks. In the United States, we honor several of our heroes in February, including George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, two of our former U.S. presidents, on Presidents' Day FREE 30 page teacher's guide plus poster - for teachers with school address only - order online!

39. Encyclopedia Smithsonian:Thanksgiving Thanksgiving in North America From Local Harvests to national Holiday national Museum of american history, in cooperation with the Public Inquiry Mail http://www.si.edu/resource/faq/nmah/thanks.htm

Smithsonian Institution Thanksgiving in North America: From Local Harvests to National Holiday Salvatore Lascari (1884-1967) Thanksgiving , n.d. oil on canvas 86.4 x 71.3 cm (34 x 28 in.) Bequest of Henry Ward Ranger through the National Academy of Design Most Americans are familiar with the Pilgrim's Thanksgiving Feast of 1621, but few realize that it was not the first festival of its kind in North America. Long before Europeans set foot in the Americas, native peoples sought to insure a good harvest with dances and rituals such as the Green Corn Dance of the Cherokees. The first Thanksgiving service known to be held by Europeans in North America occurred on May 27, 1578 in Newfoundland, although earlier Church-type services were probably held by Spaniards in La Florida. However, for British New England, some historians believe that the Popham Colony in Maine conducted a Thanksgiving service in 1607 (see Sources: Greif, 208-209; Gould, and Hatch). In the same year, Jamestown colonists gave thanks for their safe arrival, and another service was held in 1610 when a supply ship arrived after a harsh winter. Berkley Hundred settlers held a Thanksgiving service in accordance with their charter which stated that the day of their arrival in Virginia should be observed yearly as a day of Thanksgiving, but within a few years an Indian uprising ended further services (Dabney). Thus British colonists held several Thanksgiving services in America before the Pilgrim's celebration in 1621.

40. Encyclopedia Smithsonian: American Social And Cultural History Advertising Collections, national Museum of american history Archives Center,Advertising and Business americana Folkways Holiday Recordings http://www.si.edu/resource/faq/nmah/start.htm

Selected Links American History Timeline Art, Design, and Crafts Business and Consumer Culture: Advertising Collections, National Museum of American History Archives Center, Advertising and Business Americana The Ivory Project: Advertising Soap in America 1838-1988 Posters American Style ... Reading List Clothing, Costume and Fashion American Clothing Designers, Selected Bibliography American History Museum: Clothing and Acccessories Collections Design for Life: A Centennial Celebration The Window Show ... Women's Dresses View photos and information about a selection of dresses from the National Museum of American History costume collection. Hispanic Designers Learn about eight well-known Hispanic clothing designers, and see examples of their work. Community Life Ethnic Communities Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage African American History and Culture Asian Pacific American History and Culture Native American History and Culture ... U.S. Latino History and Culture

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