21. Books On Nagorno-Karabagh nagornokarabagh Historical Documents (, 1988). Samuelian and Michael E.Stone, eds.,Medieval Armenian culture (Chico, CA Scholars Press, 1984), pp. http://www.umd.umich.edu/dept/armenian/facts/k_books.html

Books on Nagorno-Karabagh, alphabetized by author Note to readers: just because a title is in English does not mean that the book is in English. We might have added the work to our database based on a citation in a book or article and thus would have no further information on it. Popular Armenian Tales, Volume 5 (Artsakh) (Yerevan, 1966). Armenian-Russian Relations during the First Third of the 18th Century, Volume II (Yerevan, 1967). Grakan Gharabagh: Gharabaghi inknaver marzi eritasard groghneri almanakh (Yerevan: Sovetakan Grogh, 1988) 261 pages. Amnesty International Report 1993 (Washington, D.C.: Amnesty International, 1993) 354 pages. The Truth About Nagorno-Karabakh: Collection of Documents (Yerevan: Yerevan State University, 1989). Popular Armenian Tales, Volume 7 (Artsakh-Zangezur) (Yerevan, 1979). Armenian-Russian Relations during the First Third of the 18th Century, Volume I (Yerevan, 1964). Popular Armenian Tales, Volume 6 (Artsakh-Utik) (Yerevan, 1973). Abrahamian, A. Deciphering Caucasian Albanian Inscriptions (Yerevan, 1964).

22. CD Baby: VARARAKN/VARANDA/MRAKATS CHOIRS OF NAGORNO KARABAGH: Fortress City: Arm Recorded on location in Shushi, nagorno karabagh Republic formal invitationto the rich culture and tremendous will of nagornokarabagh s Armenians. http://www.cdbaby.com/karabagh

Vararakn/Varanda/Mrakats Choirs of Nagorno Karabagh Fortress City: Armenian Songs from Nagorno Karabagh CD List price: CD Baby Price: IN STOCK. ORDER NOW. Will ship within 24 hours! "Fortress City" is the music of Armenians from the embattled Nagnorno Karabagh Republic recorded on location in Shushi. TRACKS lo-fi: dial-up hi-fi: broadband 1. Kaghhan (Harvest Song) Khumar (Dazed) 3. Keghchgagan Yerkeru Shark 1 (Peasant Song Cycle 1) 4. Zar Zenke (Jingle- Jangle) 5. Surb Surb 1 (Sactus) Chinar Es (Stand Tall) 7. Keghchgagan Yerkeru Shark 2 (Peasant Song Cycle 2) 8. Hov Arek (Cool Breeze) 9. Garun A (It's Spring) Hayr Mer (Lord's Prayer) 11. Surb Surb 2 (Sanctus) 12. Govya Yerusaghem Ezter (Praise the Lord, Jerusalem) 13. Norahrash Psakavor (Wondrous Crownbearer) 14. Aravot Lusaber (Morning that Brings the Light) 15. Ov Zarmanali (O Amazing) 16. Aysor Dzaynn Hayrakan (Today the Voice of the Father) 17. Aysor Tsentsan (Today Rejoice) 18. Nor Tsaghik (New Flower) Gatsek Tesek (Go See) 20. Derigo Hoy Nar (Hey there Derigo) 21. Hayots Yerk u Par (Armenian Song and Dance)

23. Blogrel » Images From Nagorno Karabagh Images from nagorno karabagh. Filed under culture — Posted by Onnik on April 23rd.As I’m sorting out the b/w section of my web site I’ve finally gotten http://www.blogrel.com/2005/04/23/558/

@import url( /wp-content/themes/classic/style04.css ); Images from Nagorno Karabagh Filed under: Culture Anyway, the b/w sample set of images can be viewed online here Around the same time in 1994, my good friend in London, Edmond Terakopian, went to NK and closer to the front lines. As I put together his web site I can point you all to a gallery of those images here here No Comments No comments yet. RSS feed for comments on this post. TrackBack URI Leave a comment Name (required) Mail (will not be published) (required) Website On this site: about RSS Comments RSS Categories: Armenia News Investment Politics ... Russia Archives: September 2005 August 2005 July 2005 June 2005 ... March 2004 Search: Advertising: Armenia ArmeniaDiaspora.com ArmeniaLiberty.org ArmeniaNow.com Armeniapedia.org ... oneworld.am Central Asia Registan.net Thinking East CIS Siberian Light Other Global Voices Online Democracy Guy Powered by WordPress

24. Blogrel » Culture Mehmana, nagorno karabagh © Onnik Krikorian Images from nagorno karabagh.Filed under culture — Posted by Onnik on April 23rd http://www.blogrel.com/category/culture/page/2/

@import url( /wp-content/themes/classic/style07.css ); National Art / History Museum Update Filed under: News Diaspora Culture Society ArmInfo reports that after public outcry in the local media about plans to allow Nina Hovnanian, daughter of Vahakn, to take control of the National Art and History Museum on Republic Square, the Ministry of Culture has now rejected the plan Comments (2) Armenians united around Aragats Filed under: News Politics Culture Society PanArmenian.net reports that 170,000 people says that there may be as many as 500,000 assembled for the event that was timed to coincide with the Day of the First Republic. According to the report, the whole of Yerevan was apparently paralyzed as buses, taxis and minivans were diverted from their routes to transport people to locations around the mountain. Comments (1) First International Conference on Talysh Studies Filed under: News Politics Culture Society ... Neighbors Incidentally, according to the report on the conference published by the Arka News Agency , the Head of the Department for Iranian Studies of Yerevan State University, Professor Garnik Asatryan, was specifically involved. Asatrian is considered to be one of the main proponents of promoting a separate ethnic Yezidi identity in Armenia here Comments (4) New Internationalist to publish Genocide Memorial pic Filed under: Armenia News Culture Last week I heard that New Internationalist In 1997 they published a double-page spread of my photos from Diyarbakir, Elazig, Bingol and Istanbul on the Kurds and human rights in Turkey and another double-page photo essay on poverty in Armenia appeared in the magazine last year. A few months later they also published an article with photos on the spring 2004 opposition protests in Yerevan.

25. Ministry Of Foreign Affairs Of The Republic Of Armenia Official Site values, culture belong equally to the men, women and children of nagorno karabagh.This is at the base of the conflict over nagorno karabagh. http://www.armeniaforeignministry.com/speeches/011114un_ga56_vo.html

Speeches Statement by H.E. Mr. Vartan Oskanian at the 56th SESSION OF THE UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY November 14, 2001 New York Mr. President, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, Let me begin, Mr. President, by congratulating you on your election as President of the 56th Session of the United Nations General Assembly. I would like also to express our appreciation and respect to H.E. Mr. Harri Holkeri, for the professionalism and dedication with which he conducted the previous session. Since the September 11 acts of terrorism, each of us, as individuals and as leaders responsible for the future of the planet, has been trying to understand what happened, why and how. The universal condemnation of the arrogance and fascist mentality that conceives and implements such terror could not have been more justified. The immediate determination that the perpetrators must be punished and its bases eliminated was necessary and prudent. The awareness that this is a long and manifold process remains evident. Scholars and analysts have attempted to explore and explain the Day of Terror, its causes and its ramifications. This is a necessary process that will, if we are patient, begin with more questions than answers. It will, if we listen, unavoidably lead to dialog. Not just this year but every year. If we are honest, this dialog will reflect the fact that although we all see quite plainly that there is a change, we don't agree on what this change is and how it affects each of us.

26. BCSIA - Publication - Shusha's Pivotal Role In A Nagorno-Karabagh Settlement The Shusha region of nagornokarabagh has special symbolic meaning for Shusha is especially endeared to Azerbaijanis as a center of Azerbaijani culture. http://bcsia.ksg.harvard.edu/publication.cfm?ctype=paper&item_id=124

27. BCSIA - Publication - The Limits Of Culture: Islam, Foreign Policy, And The Casp Second, in the nagornokarabagh conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan, If culture has a strong effect on Caspian states’ foreign policies, http://bcsia.ksg.harvard.edu/publication.cfm?ctype=event_reports&item_id=109

28. Traveljournals.net - Intro To Nagorno-Karabagh, Shushi, Armenia Travel journal entry Intro to nagornokarabagh. of the Armenians in thespheres of education and culture, there were no Azerbaijani newspapers, http://www.traveljournals.net/stories/6647.html

Home Explore Pictures Stories ... Travelers Search Web Search TJ Navigation: Home Travelers Journals Karabagh / Intro to Nagorno-Karabagh Ads: Backpacking Insurance Car Rentals Seta76 Home Journals ... Auto Update Traveler: Joined: Visitors: Journal entries: Picture uploads: Latest journal entries Dahrav village Shoushi hotel Life in shushi Radio show in stepanagert Latest pictures Sushi summer camp 5 Mulberry snack time Tigran at home Intro to Nagorno-Karabagh 2005-04-16, Shushi, Armenia Previous All Next Nagorno-Karabagh Republic is a country which is unfortunately not recognized by any country other then Armenia. The best way to describe the history and conflict in this country is by reading the following i've found for you. In the 17th century Shushi was the second center of Varanda Melikdom in one of the Armenian principalities established in the territory of Artsakh. In the 18th century a major Armenian military and defensive base was founded in the same territory which was called Shoshi. Demographic changes took place in the middle of the 18th century in Artsakh which was the subject of Persia together with East Armenia. Several Turkish-speaking nomadic tribes settled in the territory of Artsakh, including Shushi which had become the center of Karabagh Khanate and continued to be the administrative center of Karabagh till the 1920s’. In the course of the 19th and 20th centuries, after Shushi was connected with Russia in 1805, the town became one of the important centers of Transcaucasus. Numerous schools functioned (Eparchic, Real, St. Mary’s Maidens’ School and many rural schools). Dozens of magazines and newspapers were published (Haykakan Ashkhar (Armenian World), Gorts (Business), Krunik (Crane)

29. THE 80-th ANNIVERSARY OF THE ARMENIAN POGROMS IN SHUSHI In 19181920, the nagorno-karabagh Armenians, led by the local Armenian NKR Minister of Foreign Affairs Naira Melkoumian and Minister of culture, http://www.geocities.com/master8885/DPolicy/shushi.htm

BACK THE 80-th ANNIVERSARY OF THE ARMENIAN POGROMS IN SHUSHI In 1918, in the course of the Turkish-German territorial expansion in the Transcaucasus, the occupants created a puppet pro-Turkish unit of "Azerbaijan" which immediately claimed some historically Armenian territories, including Nagorno-Karabagh. Over the latest 80 years of its history Shushi endured many other tragic periods. Soviet Azerbaijan continued the anti-Armenian policy by conducting planned ethnic cleansing. In 1988, the last Armenian population of the historic citadel of Nagorno-Karabagh (about 2000 people) was deported from the town. Since the autumn 1991, with the intensification of the military activities unleashed by Azerbaijan, the NKR capital Stepanakert was systematically shelled by artillery from Shushi which is situated much higher than Stepanakert. Complete destruction threatened Stepanakert. On May 9, 1992, the NKR self-defense forces liberated the town by storm. Today the deported population, including refugees from Baku, Sumgait and other towns and regions of the former AzSSR, is moving back to Shushi. The town is being gradually restored, the economic sphere is being regulated, and the social conditions are being improved. In connection with the 80-th anniversary - on March 23 - of the Armenian pogroms in the town of Shushi, committed by the Tatar-Azeris in 1920, a number of events has taken place in the NKR, in accordance with the Resolution of the NKR Government. In particular, on March 20, 2000, a memorial stone was erected in Shushi, in the place of the future monument to the victims of the massacre. The NKR Government submitted a proposal to the Republic's National Assembly to set up March 23 as the Memory Day of the victims of the Armenian massacre committed in Shushi in 1920.

30. Nagorno-Karabagh War And Response The war has driven virtually all of nagorno Karabakh s 40000 AzeriTurks out of the The Minister for Education and culture affirmed that all children in http://www.geocities.com/master8885/Maps/Nagorno-Karabagh.html

BACK The Land The contested territory of Nagorno Karabakh is a patch of fertile, mountainous land on the eastern rim of the Armenian plateau overlooking the broad Azerbaijani plain to the east. To the west lies the Republic of Armenia, less than 5 miles away at the nearest point. The Islamic Republic of Iran is less than 15 miles to the south. The two major towns of the enclave, Stepanakert and Shusha, are but a few miles from each other, with the mountain fortress of Shusha towering over the more modern Stepanakert below. Before the current war the towns were centres of light industry. In the countryside the economy was based on subsistence farming. In times of peace the land provided the people of Nagorno Karabakh with a good supply of the basic necessities of life. The name Nagorno Karabakh, meaning mountainous black garden, came into currency in this form in the 19th century and reflects linguistically the major imperial political powers that ruled the region during the past 1,000 years. Nagorno means mountainous in Russian, while Karabakh is a compound of the Turkish word for black (kara) and a Persian word for garden (bakh). The use of the adjective 'Nagorno' distinguishes the mountainous part of the former Turkic and Persian ruled province of Karabakh, largely populated by Armenians, from the lowland part, inhabited mainly by Azeri-Turks. Artsakh, an ancient Armenian name for the region, which predates the name Karabakh, is the official name of the Republic of Nagorno Karabakh and is used within the Armenian community and in some western publications.

31. Home Today, nagorno karabagh remains in a state of limbo and illegitimacy. CUNY Center for Place, culture and Politics, Middle East Center, and NK Arts http://web.gc.cuny.edu/pcp/events_April11_05.html

home about events apply contact Events April 11 Re-Connecting with Karabagh WHAT: A Panel Discussion with Markar Melkonian, author of My Brother’s Road "In the end we are left simply with a man who found it impossible to live impassively in the shadow of his people's calamity, the Armenian Genocide, and who sacrificed everything to try and correct the wrongs of the past." Philip Marsden Book signing will follow the panel, proceeds to benefit Monte Melkonian Fund. WHERE: The Graduate Center, City University of New York 365 Fifth Avenue, Room 9205-07 WHEN: Monday, April 11, 2005, 6:30-8:30 pm (RE) CONNECTING with KARABAGH Moderator: Professor Neil Smith, Director Center for Place, Culture and Politics (CUNY) Participants: Silva Ajemian, Architect (TodoDesign) Professor David Kazanjian, Braden King, Filmmaker (Truckstopmedia) Dr. Markar Melkonian, (My Brother’s Road) Discussant: Dr. Antranig Kasbarian, Activist/Director James Tufenkian Foundation (Karabagh) Organizer: Neery Melkonian, Independent Critic/Curator

32. Braden King On (RE) CONNECTING With KARABAGH Panel - April 11, NYC Today, nagorno karabagh remains in a state of limbo and illegitimacy. While oilinterests motivate CUNY Center for Place, culture and Politics http://truckstopmedia.com/cgi-bin/dada/mail.cgi/archive/tstpmain/20050407140949/

:: Braden King on (RE) CONNECTING with KARABAGH Panel - April 11, NYC :: Pro Dada Pro Dada TRUCKSTOP Media e-list Archives Filmmaker Braden King will be presenting video and still photographs from his recent trip to Armenia and Nagorno Karabagh as part of a panel discussion: (RE) CONNECTING with KARABAGH, Monday, April 11 at the City University of New York (CUNY) Graduate Center. King's trip was undertaken in preparation for his upcoming narrative feature film, HERE, currently scheduled to be shot in the region in the spring of 2006. Details and press release follow. (RE) CONNECTING with KARABAGH panel discussion Monday, April 11 - 6:30-8:30 p.m. CUNY Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York Conference Room #9205-07. The discussion is open and free to the public. (RE) CONNECTING with KARABAGH A Cross Cultural and Interdisciplinary Panel Discussion at CUNY New York, New York  In conjunction with the New York book signing of Markar Melkonian’s “My Brother’s Road”, a cross cultural and interdisciplinary panel discussion, (RE) CONNECTING with KARABAGH, will take place on April 11, 2005 at City University of New York (CUNY) Graduate Center. The event is organized by NK Arts in collaboration with Center for Place, Culture and Politics and Middle Eastern American Center at CUNY. Panel Topic: Headlines of the early 1990s reduced a national struggle for self-determination into an 'ethnic conflict.' In more recent years, however, the headlines have disappeared and one rarely hears/reads about Nagorno Karabagh. A fragile cease-fire has held for the past ten years, bringing to an endat least temporarilya war that has claimed twenty-five thousand lives and displaced close to a million inhabitants.  Today, Nagorno Karabagh remains in a state of limbo and 'illegitimacy.' While oil interests motivate Western powers to negotiate a settlement between Armenians and Azeris, a handful of cultural producers have been brokering different kinds of 'conflict resolution.' This panel focuses on the narratives woven by a non native activist, an architect, a filmmaker, a geographer and a literary critic.Their work mediates a more nuanced understanding of the complex story of Karabagh.

33. Opportunities in border towns and wartorn villages in Armenia and nagorno-karabagh. To promote knowledge and understanding of the Armenian culture throughout the http://www.birthrightarmenia.org/opps_diasporaorgs.htm

Programs Study Abroad Services Application Opportunity Fairs ... Home OPPORTUNITIES DIASPORAN ORGANIZATIONS WITH YOUTH-ORIENTED PROGRAMS IN ARMENIA: ACYOA Armenia Service Program: Eastern Diocese At camp, participants work with the local Armenian staff implementing educational, religious and recreational programs. On weekends, the group travels to nearby churches, monasteries and cultural sites. After a two-week stay at the camp, the group lodges in Yerevan and continues to tour the region. Applicant information Cost: $ 1,980 Deadline: March 31, 2005 For more information contact Nancy Basmajian at (212) 686-0710 or Karen Khatchadourian at 201-281-6149. To learn more or to obtain application materials, please visit the ACYOA Web site at: http://www.acyoa.org/acyoa_3.0/acyoa.htm

34. Nagorno The conflict over nagornokarabagh (Artsakh) has been a central -ArmenianFolk Arts, culture, and Identity/ Nancy Sweezy and Levon Abrahamian, eds. http://www.commercemarketplace.com/home/naasr/dec2002booknews.htm

Nagorno-Karabagh Conflict the Focus of Recent Studies The conflict over Nagorno-Karabagh (Artsakh) has been a central component of the Armenian consciousness since the late 1980s, although the roots of conflict go back much further than that. Like the issue of Genocide recognition, Karabagh has remained a lightning-rod topic for scholars, politicians, citizens of Karabagh, Armenia, and Azerbaijan, and members of the Armenian and Azeri diasporas. It is a pleasure, then, to be able to offer the input of Prof. Moorad Mooradian, a specialist in conflict resolution and Visiting Professor at Yerevan State University, who has written and lectured widely on the Karabagh Conflict. In this issue of Book News Mooradian offers an overview of five recently published titles that deal with Karabagh. Caucasus Chronicles: Nation Building and Diplomacy in Armenia, 1993-1994 The author, Leonidas T. Chrysanthopoulos, is a retired career diplomat who served in the Greek Foreign Service and has the distinction of being the first ambassador from his country to Armenia. What makes this book so gripping is that the Ambassador’s recollections are of the most trying days in Armenia’s post independence.

35. HyeEtch - Republic Of Armenia - Karabagh P2 and encapsulates its nation s history, culture and aspirations. The Coatof-arms.The coat-of-arms of the Republic of nagorno-karabagh is made up of the http://www.hyeetch.nareg.com.au/republic/karabagh_p2.html

Statistics Government History Industry, ... Karabagh Republic of Nagorno Karabagh (Artsakh) The Flag - By Stuart Notholt he flag of the Republic of Nagorno-Karabagh (Artsakh) was adopted on June 2nd 1991. It is derived from the flag of Armenia, which consists of three equal horizontal stripes of red, blue and orange with a westwards pointing step like arrow (white division), which signifies very graphically Karapagh's current separation from Armenia, and its hopes for union with the Motherland. The design also recalls that of the world famous (and very expensive) Armenian rugs. The Artsakh flag is surely a good example of what a national flag should be, it is highly distinctive and individual and encapsulates its nation's history, culture and aspirations. The Coat-of-arms The coat-of-arms of the Republic of Nagorno-Karabagh is made up of the following elements: The eagle - which is the dominant figure on the coat-of-arms. A symbol of pride and strength. The shield - centred on the chest of the eagle is a shield made up of three deferent elements; A panorama of a mountain range, which represent the topography of the Republic of Nagorno-Karabagh, from which its name was derived, (Nagorno - in Russian means mountainous).

36. HyeEtch - Republic Of Armenia - Karabagh P4 they took up arms to defend their homes, their land, and their ancient culture . he Republic of nagorno karabagh officially declared its independence http://www.hyeetch.nareg.com.au/republic/karabagh_p4.html

Statistics Government History Industry, ... Karabagh History of Nagorno Karabagh (Artsakh) Armenian Reserch Center The University of Michigan - Dearborn. Soviet Period (1919-1991) t first the Soviets returned Nagorno-Karabagh to Armenia; but after a brief period, Joseph Stalin gave it to Azerbaijan as an "autonomous region," and altered the boundaries so that Karabagh was cut off from Armenia and was smaller in size. The next 70-plus years witnessed Azeri persecution of Armenians in an attempt to drive them out and replace them with Azeris, as was done in the Armenian territory of Nakhichevan. In the Gorbachev era of glasnost, the Armenians brought the persecution of their brethren to the world's attention through massive peaceful demonstrations in Yerevan, the capital city of Armenia, in February 1988. By openly and bravely protesting Soviet ethnic injustice for the first time, the reform movement in Nagorno-Karabagh ignited the independence movements in the Soviet Bloc of Eastern Europe. The "Karabagh Movement" is thus the grandfather of freedom not only in Eastern Europe but in the former USSR itself. At that time the Armenians wanted to attach Nagorno-Karabagh to Armenia, to ensure its survival, but now they respect the wishes of the Nargorno-Karabagh Armenians to be independent. The independence movement has been met with appalling violence from the Azeris. In February 1988 there was a pogrom (massacre) against Armenians in Sumgait, a suburb of Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. In November of 1988, there was a pogrom against Armenians in Kirovabad (now Ganja), in the interior of Azerbaijan. In 1989-90, there are joint Soviet-Azerbaijani forced deportations of Armenians living in towns and villages of Azerbaijan bordering Nagorno- Karabagh. In January of 1990, there was pogrom (massacres) against Armenians in Baku itself.

37. Page Title They discussed the current stage of nagorno karabagh conflict peace talks. The Land and culture Organization (LCO) intends to open a boarding school for http://www.nkrusa.org/newsletter/montly_newsletter/2001/December/page3.html

See next page Artsakh Newsletter VOLUME 3, No. 12 Page 3 BRIEFLY... Melkumian's Interview to Mediamax sity of implementing confidence-building measures and establishment of economic and social contacts between the peoples of Nagorno Karabagh and Azerbaijan as a way of easing the atmosphere of distrust in the region. Victims of 1988 Tragedy Remembered Stepanakert, December 7 . Representatives of the government and the private sector of Nagorno Karabagh visited the memorial complex in Stepanakert paying tribute to the victims of the disastrous earthquake that struck Armenia this day back in 1988. More than twenty thousand people died in the earthquake, which destroyed Armenian cities of Spitak and Gyumri. Director of the Russian CIS Institute Konstantin Zatulin Visited Nagorno Karabagh Stepanakert, December 20. President Ghoukasian received the Director of the Russian Institute for the CIS States Konstantin Zatulin. They discussed the current stage of Nagorno Karabagh conflict peace talks. Ghoukasian briefed Zatulin on the economic and social situation in Nagorno Karabagh. During the appearance before the local mass media later in the day, Zatulin said that his visit to Nagorno Karabagh convinced him that the people of Nagorno Karabagh would never exchange their independence for an illusory idea of unification with Azerbaijan. "The military solution of the conflict is unacceptable. Stability in the zone of the Karabagh conflict is in the strategic interests of Russia," Zatulin said.

38. PanARMENIAN Network: Library - All Categories, culture and Arts Sender Hovhannes Yeranian. The Culturaland Spiritual Heritage of nagorno karabagh. Published 19.06.2002 http://www.panarmenian.net/library/eng/?sec_id=9

39. Karabagh_intro The small Armenian enclave of nagornokarabagh burst onto the world scene in 1988 and passionately to their ancestral land, unique dialect, culture and http://www.araoshagan.com/WebPages/karabagh_project/karabagh_intro.html

T he small Armenian enclave of Nagorno-Karabagh burst onto the world scene in 1988 as the first nationality movement to buffet the beleaguered Soviet Union. Until that time, it was unknown to anyone except Armenians. Nagorno-Karabagh is a rugged mountainous region just East of Armenia in the Caucasus and has been inhabited by Armenians since the 3rd Century BC. A myriad of empires and just as many native and passionately to their ancestral land, unique dialect, culture and millennial Apostolic Christian church. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Armenians of Nagorno-Karabagh were plunged into a war for independence against a vastly superior (in numbers and military might) Azerbaijan. Six years of thousands of refugees and bringing widespread physical and economic ruin over the land. The only (and astonishing) saving grace: victory on the battlefield and control of not only almost all of Nagorno- Karabagh, but nearly 10% of Azerbaijan proper. Since a 1994 tentative cease-fire, the Armenians of Nagorno-Karabagh have rushed headlong into creating all the trappings of statehood and calling severe economic blockade, they have also been struggling to rebuild their land, to restore dignity to

40. Government Page Committee on Science, Education, culture and Youth Issues, Hranush Hakobyan/ARP/ In May 1994, a ceasefire between nagorno-karabagh and Azerbaijan was http://www.armembassycanada.ca/armenia/government.htm

government declaration of independence constitution The Republic of Armenia is a sovereign, democratic, social, rule of law state. The state power is administered pursuant to the Constitution and the laws based on the principle of separation of the legislative, executive and judicial branches. The Constitution of the Republic of Armenia adopted on July 5, 1995, through a popular referendum provided legal guarantees of civil rights, the development of democratic institutions, and the creation of a market economy to secure the future stability of the Armenian state. THE PRESIDENT Armenia is a republic with a presidential governing system. The president is the head of state. According to Chapter 3, Article 49 of the Constitution of the Republic of Armenia, "The President of the Republic of Armenia shall uphold the Constitution, and ensure the normal functioning of the legislative, executive and judicial authorities. The President of the Republic shall be the guarantor of the independence, territorial integrity and security of the Republic."

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