61. Nabataea: Arabia of terms that were applied to this area of the middle east. ancient Arabia While the middle east is the crossroad of history, it is more than that. http://nabataea.net/arabia.html

"Arabia" in ancient history A discussion of the term 'Arabia" and what it might have meant to Greek and Roman historians Throughout history, the Arabian Peninsula has been traditionally called 'Arabia.' This was particularly true during, Greek, Roman, Persian, and Byzantine eras. At times Roman historians would refer to Arab rulers as "King of the Arabs." The use of this term has often proven confusing to the modern historian whose definition of 'Arab' is colored by recent history. In the minds of many modern scholars, the Arabs are identified as those people who speak the Arabic language. This linguistic approach has several problems. Foremost is the problem that today many people in the Middle East speak Arabic because it was forced upon them by the Muslim armies that conquered the Middle East in the late seventh century. Many of the peoples of the Middle East have non-Arab ethnic background, but they speak Arabic as their first language because it has been forced upon them by the state. Along with this, there are still a number of minorities in the Middle East, who use Arabic as a trade language, but continue to use their old languages in their homes. (Chaldaeans, Armenians, Assyrians, Adygey (Circassians), Turkomen Gypsies , Persians, Kurds, etc.) Each of these groups strongly opposes being labeled as 'Arabs', even though they now speak Arabic, often as their first language.

62. Binghamton University, MENA Program The middle east and North African (MENA) Program at Binghamton University Art and Art history. ancient Egyptian Art. Instructors Kadish, Ruggles http://mena.binghamton.edu/

MENA Table of Contents Program Description Courses Faculty Conferences and News ... Contact the MENA Program Program Description The Middle East and North African (MENA) Program at Binghamton University coordinates study of the Middle East, North and Sudanic Africa, and European countries that have extensive Islamic contact. The program develops and integrates research and graduate and undergraduate instruction about the MENA area. Courses related to this area are offered in history, geography, political science, anthropology, sociology, economics, music, Arabic, Ottoman and modern Turkish, Hebrew, and Persian. Undergraduate students with majors in the humanities and social sciences may enroll in the Middle East and North African Program and, upon successful completion of the program, receive a MENA certificate. To receive the certificate, students must meet all college and departmental major requirements and complete the MENA requirements, including a total of eight MENA courses. Independent studies and honors work may be credited as MENA courses, when approved by the appropriate department and the MENA committee. The program does not supplant the normal disciplinary specialization or undergraduate major, but permits certain selections that constitute a coherent course of study about this area, within the framework of requirements for graduation. Opportunities are available for travel and study in the MENA region under SUNY sponsorship (for example, in Binghamton's Arabic studies program in Morocco).

63. UC Berkeley history Inner Asia The middle east Islamic history The middle east 10001750 Religion of ancient Egypt Selected Topics in Mesopotamian history http://fp.arizona.edu/mesassoc/Directory/UCBerkeley.htm

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY Berkeley, California Program Center for Middle Eastern Studies International and Area Studies Teaching Programs: Interdisciplinary BA in Middle Eastern Studies (BA major and new minor, F1999) Concurrent MA in Middle Eastern Studies combined with professional and academic graduate programs Degrees Offered BA MA PhD PhD in Near Eastern Religions (with the Graduate Theological Union) Joint Doctoral Program in Jewish Studies (w/GTU) Middle East Languages Arabic (Elementary, Intermediate, Advanced, and dialects) Turkish (Elementary, Intermediate, Advanced, Conversational) Ottoman Central Asian Turkic Languages Persian (Modern Elementary, Intermediate, Advanced, Middle Persian) Hebrew (Elementary, Intermediate, Advanced, Conversational, Biblical) Akkadian (Elementary, Intermediate, Advanced) Sumerian Hittite Egyptian (Elementary, Intermediate, Advanced) Coptic Syriac Aramaic Ugaritic Courses Anthropology The Middle East and Islam Arabic Literary Arabic Usage Analysis of Grammar and Syntax Classical Arabic Poetry and Prose Modern Arabic Poetry and Prose Survey of Arabic Literature Advanced Syntax Arabic Dialectology Classical Arabic Poetry and Prose Contemporary Arabic Literature Hispano-Arabic Literature Readings in the Qur'an Arabic Legal Texts Arabic Historical Texts Arabic Religious and Philosophical Texts Architecture Muslim Cities and Their Architecture Geography The City in the Third World Hebrew Biblical Hebrew Texts

64. Columbia University Economic Development of the middle east history Topics in the ancient history of Southwest Asia Modern history of the middle east The Indian Ocean http://fp.arizona.edu/mesassoc/Directory/Columbia.htm

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY New York, New York Program Department of Middle East and Asian Languages and Cultures Center for Iranian Studies Center for Turkish Studies Center for Armenian Studies Center for Israel and Jewish Studies Middle East Institute Degrees Offered Certificate BA MA Mphil PhD Middle East Languages Arabic (3 years plus, including Colloquial, Classical and Con­temporary Literature and Cultural History) Aramaic Hebrew (3 years plus, Modern, in­cluding Modern Hebrew Literature) Persian (3 years plus, including Prose and Poetry) Turkish (3 years plus, Modern and Ottoman, including Ottoman and Modern Literature and Folk Literature) Armenian (3 years plus, including the History of Literature and Cultures from Pre-Classical Times to World War II) Bengali Hindi Nepali Sanskrit Tibetan Akkadian (Elementary, Intermediate, Advanced) Urdu Courses Anthropology Prehistory of Southwest Asia and the Near East Peoples of the Old World: The Middle East Culture Change in the Middle East Peoples and Cultures of North Africa and the Middle East Art History and Archaeology Islamic Art and Society Egyptian History, Culture and Art

65. Ancient And Medieval Middle East Historical atlas of Europe and the middle east (Tony Belmonte). history of the ancient Near east Electronic Compendium (Joachim von Ribbentrop) http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/mideast/cuvlm/ancient.html

CU Home Libraries Home Search Site Index ... Help Search Library Catalog: Title (start of title) Journal (start of title) Author (last, first) Keyword (and, or, not, "") Subject Go To CLIO >> Find Databases: Title Keywords Title (start of title) Keywords Go To Databases >> Find E-Journals: Title (start of title) Title Keywords Subject Keywords Go To E-Journals >> Search the Libraries Website: Go To Advanced Website Search >> About the Libraries Libraries Collections Digital Collections Hours Directions to Columbia Map of Campus Libraries More... Catalogs CLIO (Columbia's Online Catalog) Other Catalogs at CU and Nearby A-Z List of Library Catalogs Course Reserves More... E-Resources Citation Finder Databases E-Journals E-Books E-Data E-News E-Images Subject Guides More...

66. MEALAC | Home middle east and Asian Languages and Cultures. Home Faculty Programs Courses the department offers such courses as the ancient history of Egypt; http://www.columbia.edu/cu/mealac/

@import "/cu/mealac/css/full.css"; Home Faculty Programs Courses ... Admissions 602 Kent Hall MC3928 1140 Amsterdam Ave. New York, NY 10027 Phone: 212-854-2556 Fax: 212-854-5517

67. Ancient Near East: Internet Resources A collection of student essays from middle and secondary school history students. Mesopotamia, Egypt and the ancient Near east World Civilizations http://www.internet-at-work.com/hos_mcgrane/mesopotamia/eg_neast_intro.html

[Grade 6 Projects] [Ancient History Menu] Ms Hos-McGrane's Grade 6 Social Studies Class Welcome to our Ancient Near East Internet Resources Page [Agricultural Revolution] [Mesopotamia: General Resources] [Mesopotamia: Lecture Notes] [Student Projects] ... [Return to Ancient History Menu] Student Projects on Ancient Near East Track Star: Mesopotamia: Student Activity Marilee Lindgren This track is designed for the use of students. The goal is for students to learn more about some aspects of Ancient Mesopotamia by following selected web links. Topics include: artifacts, the wheel, chariots, sailboats, maps, and Hammurabi's Code. This is part of a larger site Track Star , web-based lessons desiged by other teachers and archived at this site. Mesopotamia Urbana Middle School, Illinois Classroom projects, artifacts and selected links produced by middle school classes in as part of a museum grant to provide middle school ancient history resources on the Internet. Visitors to the site will find student projects on a variety of topics including: Hanging Gardens and Ziggurat , Tablet, Cylinder Seal and Bulla, Cities, Wheels, Writing, Religion, Helmets, and Sumerian City - Ur. Ancient Mesopotamia Grade Six Projects. William Penn Charter School, Philadelphia, PA

68. Key Themes In Ancient History - Cambridge University Press Key Themes in ancient history. This series provides readable, informed and The International Journal of middle east Studies publishes original research http://www.cambridge.org/uk/browse/browse_journals.asp?subjectid=1009102

69. Cambridge University Press - Cambridge Ancient History The Cambridge ancient history Volume 2 Volume 2 The middle east and the Aegean Region, c.1380–1000 BC 3rd edition Edited by IES Edwards, CJ Gadd, http://www.cambridge.org/uk/browse/browse_all.asp?subjectid=1009088

70. BBC NEWS | World | Middle East | History Lost In Dust Of War-torn Iraq Click here to see pictures of ancient Iraqi treasures, some of which were looted. In pictures LINKS TO MORE middle east STORIES http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/4461755.stm

Home TV Radio Talk ... Newswatch LANGUAGES Arabic Persian Turkish More Last Updated: Monday, 25 April 2005, 06:54 GMT 07:54 UK E-mail this to a friend Printable version History lost in dust of war-torn Iraq By Joanne Farchakh Bajjaly Independent archaeologist and journalist Carved cylinders were rolled across soft clay to form an identifiable seal It is two years since looters ravaged one of the world's most important museums, in central Baghdad. Saddam Hussein's power had collapsed and the newly arrived US-led coalition forces were unable to prevent a crime against history. Professional smugglers connected to the international antiquities mafia managed to break some of the sealed doors of the Baghdad Museum storage rooms. They looted priceless artefacts such as the museum's entire collection of cylindrical seals and large numbers of Assyrian ivory carvings. More than 15,000 objects were taken. Many were smuggled out of Iraq and offered for sale. To date, 3,000 have been recovered in Baghdad, some returned by ordinary citizens, others by the police. In addition, more than 1,600 objects have been seized in neighbouring countries, some 300 in Italy and more than 600 in the United States.

71. Ph.D. Program In History, CUNY Graduate Center middle east history Professors Emeriti Alphabetical Listing of Faculty. ancient history. Prof. Eric Ivison, Byzantine history http://web.gc.cuny.edu/History/faculty.html

Doctoral Faculty CUNY-Wide Faculty Faculty by Field of Scholarship Ancient History Mediveal Europe (300-1500 A.D.) Early Modern Europe (1300-1700 A.D.) Modern European History (1750 to the present) ... Alphabetical Listing of Faculty Ancient History Prof. Eric Ivison Byzantine History Prof. Jennifer Tolbert Roberts Ancient History TOP Medieval Europe Prof. Thomas Head European and Medieval History Prof. Pamela Sheingorn Medieval History TOP Early Modern Europe Prof. Elisheva Carlebach Jewish History Prof. Joseph Dauben History of Science Prof. Margaret King

72. Books By David Frawley - Myth Aryan Invasion - Aryans In The Ancient Middle East of the middle east were IndoEuropeans as far as recorded history can be traced. The Indo-European Kassites of the ancient middle east worshipped Vedic http://www.hindubooks.org/david_frawley/myth_aryan_invasion/aryans_in_the_ancien

The Myth Of Aryan Invasion Of India Index The Post Colonial-World Basis Of The Aryan Invasion Theory Aryan As Race Or Language ... Political And Social Ramifications Books By David Frawley Arjuna Awaken Bharata From The River Of Heaven How I Became A Hindu ... Hinduism : The Eternal Tradition, Sanatana Dharma ARYANS IN THE ANCIENT MIDDLE EAST Aryans in the Ancient Middle East In addition, the Aryans in the Middle East, most notably the Hittites, have now been found to have been in that region at least as early as 2200 BC, wherein they are already mentioned in Sumerian literature. In fact they derived their script from that of the third dynasty of Sumeria. Any Aryan invasion into the Middle East has been pushed back some centuries, though the evidence so far is that the people of the mountain regions of the Middle East were Indo-Europeans as far as recorded history can be traced. The Indo-European Kassites of the ancient Middle East worshipped Vedic Gods like Surya and the Maruts, as well as one named Himalaya.

73. Near Eastern Studies 181 Introduction to the history of the ancient Near east 487 Modern middle east history 488 history of Arabic Literature in English 491 Topics in AAPTIS http://www.umich.edu/~neareast/courses.html

home about faculty programs ... affiliates :: courses Ancient Civilizations and Biblical Studies (Division 314) (ACABS) Fall 2005 Course Guide Fall 2005 Time Schedule 100 Peoples of the Middle East 101 Elementary Classical Hebrew I 102 Elementary Classical Hebrew II 121 Introduction to the Tanakh/Old Testament 122 Introduction to the New Testament 181 Introduction to the History of the Ancient Near East 192 First Year Seminar in ACABS 200 Introduction to World Religions: Near East 201 Intermediate Classical Hebrew I 202 Intermediate Classical Hebrew II 221 Jesus and the Gospels 261 Ancient Egypt: Religion and Culture 266 Before the Bible: The Phoenicians 270 Introduction to Rabbinic Literature 277 Land of Israel/Palestine through the Ages 281 Ancient Egypt and its World 283 The Beginnings of Christianity 291 Topics in ACABS 292 Seminar in ACABS 307 The Synoptic Gospels: Matthew, Mark, and Luke

74. Historical Maps And Atlases Historic Atlas Resource Library (OSSHE) Europe, (ancient) middle east, Jerusalem 3000 Three Millennia of history Atlas of the middle east http://www.hum.huji.ac.il/dinur/links/maps.htm

Historical Maps and Atlases NEW! We are currently in the process of transferring all the links listed on our site to a new searchable database (annotated with keywords and many more functions)! If you own a website and are interested in listing your site in our new index click here! If you want a peek at our new database - click here! General Biblical Medieval ... Modern Era General Israel Area Map - Cobb HyperHistory - Antiquity, Medieval and Modern Maps Historic Atlas Resource Library (OSSHE) - Europe, (Ancient) Middle East, North Africa and North America Historical Atals by William R. Shepherd 1923 Ancestry.com - Map Center Religious Studies 290: The Millennium: World Maps - Original Antique Maps Tony Belmonte's Historical Atlas of Europe and the Middle East Links to Historical Maps Palestine in the Time of Jesus (different maps) (K. C. Hanson and D. E. Oakman - recommended site) Historical Maps Cartographic Images - Collection of Antique Maps and Links Historical Maps Overview Oddens' Bookmarks Historical Map Web Sites Maps and Referneces ... National Geographic - Map Europe German 272, Winter 2000 - Maps of Germany 1648-2000

75. Abu Saleh America Zone - Ancient History: US Conduct In The Middle East Since WW ancient history US Conduct in the middle east Since WW II. Sheldon L. Richman tempt to manage affairs in the middle east, the Persian Gulf http://www.abusaleh.com/index.php?id=70

76. Harvard University Press/The Middle East Under Rome Maurice Sartre is Professor of ancient history, University of Tours and the Institut The ancient middle east was the theater of passionate interaction http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/SARMID.html

Maurice Sartre is Professor of Ancient History, University of Tours and the Institut Universitaire de France The Middle East under Rome Maurice Sartre Translated by Catherine Porter, Elizabeth Rawlings Read an excerpt in PDF format The ancient Middle East was the theater of passionate interaction between Phoenicians, Aramaeans, Arabs, Jews, Greeks, and Romans. At the crossroads of the Mediterranean, Mesopotamia, and the Arabian peninsula, the area dominated by what the Romans called Syria was at times a scene of violent confrontation, but more often one of peaceful interaction, of prosperous cultivation, energetic production, and commercea crucible of cultural, religious, and artistic innovations that profoundly determined the course of world history. Maurice Sartre has written a long overdue and comprehensive history of the Semitic Near East (modern Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Israel) from the eve of the Roman conquest to the end of the third century CE and the dramatic rise of Christianity. Sartre's broad yet finely detailed perspective takes in all aspects of this history, not just the political and military, but economic, social, cultural, and religious developments as well. He devotes particular attention to the history of the Jewish people, placing it within that of the whole Middle East. Drawing upon the full range of ancient sources, including literary texts, Greek, Latin, and Semitic inscriptions, and the most recent archaeological discoveries

77. Awesome Library - Social_Studies history of the middle east ancient history (University of Texas at Austin - middle east Network Information Center). Provides sources of information on http://www.awesomelibrary.org/Classroom/Social_Studies/Current_Events/Middle_Eas

Search Spelling Here: Home Classroom Social Studies Current Events > Middle East Middle East Also Try Islam Middle East Middle East Conflict - Why? Middle East Current Events Archives ... Terrorism Discussions Arabs and Jews Seeking Peace (PEACE Mid - East Dialogue Group) Provides discussion groups that allow Arabs and Jews to talk to each other, citizen to citizen, to work toward peace in the Middle East. 4-02 Lesson Plans Brokering Peace (USNewsClassroom.com - Watson) Encourages students to discuss the Middle East Peace process and the role of the USA. Editor's Note - This lesson is dated 10-00 and is therefore old. Albright was replaced by Powell, Barak was replaced by Sharon, and Clinton was replaced by Bush. The student can use other resources in this section of the Awesome Library to gain more current news. Otherwise, the issues still need resolution. 5-02 History of Middle East Conflict (USNewsClassroom.com - Cassutto) Encourages students to discuss the history of the Middle East conflict. Editor's Note - This lesson is dated 10-01 and is therefore old. The student can use other resources in this section of the Awesome Library to gain more current news. Otherwise, the issues still need resolution. 5-02 Palestinian and Israeli Perspectives (New York Times - Kohl and Harrad) "Explores the perspectives of different groups of people involved in the Israeli-Palestinian peace process, intended for use with students in grades 6-12." Editor's Note - This lesson is dated 5-00 and is therefore old. The student can use other resources in this section of the Awesome Library to gain more current news. Otherwise, the issues still need resolution. 5-02

78. Awesome Library - Social_Studies ancient history Lessons are available in the Awesome Library under Lessons Mayans, Mediterranean, middle east, and Romans. ancient Latin America (Donn) http://www.awesomelibrary.org/Classroom/Social_Studies/History/Ancient_and_Medie

Search Spelling Here: Home Classroom Social Studies History > Ancient and Medieval Ancient and Medieval Also Try Ancient Aztecs Ancient Celtics Ancient Chinese Ancient Civilizations ... History Lesson Plans Books History of Money from Ancient Times to Present Day (Davies) Lesson Plans -History - Ancient Civilizations (Donn) Provides units organized by ancient civilization. Includes over a dozen units within each ancient civilization, including China, India, Greece, Egypt, Rome, Mesopotamia, Africa, Aztecs, Incas and Mayans. Covers daily activities in ancient times to bring each civilization to life. 9-05 Ancient History Lessons are available in the Awesome Library under: Lessons - Social Studies - History Comparative Civilizations (British Columbia Ministry of Education) Compares the culture, art, and values of larger civilizations of the past. The materials are called an Integrated Resource Package. Grade 12. 2-01 History - Women in History (Women in World History Curriculum - Reese) Provides lesson ideas regarding women. Lists -Ancient History (Mautz) Provides links to people, places, and events. Ties resources into links in the arts related to the same time periods and places. 2-01

79. The Middle East: Land Of Contrasts - Geography Lesson Plan (grades 6-8) - Discov (the middle east) What countries border Jordan? American Museum of Natural history ancient City of Petra Petra Photo Essay Petra http://school.discovery.com/lessonplans/programs/middleeast/

postionList = "compscreen,hedthick,admedia,tower,nuiad,interstitial"; OAS_RICH("interstitial"); OAS_RICH("admedia"); Grades K-5 Grades 6-8 Grades 9-12 Astronomy/Space ... Health History Ancient History U.S. History World History Life Science Animals Ecology Human Body The Microscopic World ... Weather Grade level: 6-8 Subject: Geography Duration: Three class periods Objectives Materials Procedures Evaluation ... DVD Use our free online Teaching Tools to create custom worksheets, puzzles and quizzes on this topic! Objectives Students will review Jordan's location and geography; work with partners to learn about a monument in Petra, Jordan's ancient city; and create a class "slide" show about ancient Petra. Materials Computer with Internet access Print resources about Petra Construction paper (five pieces for each site) Materials to create "slides" (plain paper, markers, glue, scissors) The Middle East: Land of Contrasts video and VCR (or DVD and DVD player) The Middle East: Land of Contrasts video and VCR (or DVD and DVD player) Procedures After watching the segment called "The Royal Tour of Jordan", ask students to find Jordan on a classroom map. What part of the world is Jordan found?

80. Dowsing - Ancient History Dowsing ancient history. Written by Lloyd Youngblood ASD Trustee During several research journeys to Egypt and the middle east, I have photographed http://www.neholistic.com/articles/0008.htm

The North East Directory of Holistic Resources Home The Directory Calendar Classifieds ... Chat Groups Dowsing: Ancient History Written by Lloyd Youngblood ASD Trustee The Ancient art of dowsing has been practiced throughout millennia, although the names used to identify it may have changed in different cultures and eras, the techniques have not. During several research journeys to Egypt and the Middle East, I have photographed etchings on 4000 year old temple walls of pharaohs holding devices in their hands resembling dowsing tools. Cairo Museum is holding ceramic pendulums which have been removed from thousand-year old tombs. In China, there is an etching of Chinese Emperor Yu who ruled China 2500 years ago, and in his hands he holds a rather bulky turn-pronged device that resembles a dowsing device.

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