21. Microbiology -- History history of microbiology. Definition The study of microorganisms; includes bacteria,.archaea, yeasts, fungi (molds), viruses, algae, and protozoans. http://nsm1.utdallas.edu/bio/gonzalez/lecture/micro/history.htm

History of Microbiology Definition : The study of microorganisms ; includes bacteria, archaea, yeasts, fungi (molds), viruses, algae, and protozoans. prokaryotes and small eukaryotes -very small life forms, require magnification History LATE 1600's Antony van Leeuwenhoek - First to observe bacteria with a microscope; ~50-300X magnification; darkfield illumination. He was not trained as a scientist but, rather, ground glass lenses in his spare time. Spontaneous Generation (Life from decaying matter) 40 BC Virgil gave a recipe for growing bees artificially von Helmont told how to produce mice (leave piles of grain and cheese undisturbed in an attic) -Observation: Decaying meat maggots Francesco Redi : Cover decaying meat with paper no maggots Cover decaying meat with gauze no maggots fly eggs in the gauze that developed into maggots maggots offspring of flies OK, flies did not arise from spontaneous generation, but surely van Leeuwenhoek's " animalcules " did. Louis Jablot Dish with infusion boil to sterilize if left uncovered growth If covered no growth John Needham (setback) -First bacterial "culture"

22. CHAPTER #1: BRIEF HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY An excellent synopsis of the history of microbiology (also of chemistry and microbiology by RN Doetsch. Rutgers University Press; A history of the http://www.slic2.wsu.edu:82/hurlbert/micro101/pages/Chap1.html

MICROBIOLOGY 101/102 INTERNET TEXT CHAPTER I: A BRIEF HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY UPDATED: GLOSSARIES MICROBIOLOGY GENETICS MEDICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Ancient History The First Microbiologist Semmelweis, the Clean Nut Spontaneous generation and Pasteur Pasteurization Sterilization Wine Production by Yeast Robert Koch and the Germ Theory of Disease Discovery of Agar Edward Jenner , the First Vaccine Paul Ehrlich and the Magic Bullet Self Test ANCIENT MICROBIOLOGICAL HISTORY Ancient man recognized many of the factors involved in disease. Early civilizations on Crete, India, Pakistan and Scotland invented toilets and sewers ; lavatories, dating around 2800 BC, have been found on the Orkney islands and in homes in Pakistan about the same time. One archaeologist has stated that " The high quality of the sanitary arrangements [in ~2500 BC] could well be envied in many parts of the world today ". In Rome, 315 AD, the public lavatories were places where people routinely socialized and conducted business. Ten to twenty people could be seated around a room, with their wastes being washed away by flowing water; it must have been difficult to " stand on your dignity " under such circumstances. The Chinese used TOILET PAPER as early as AD 589. In Europe moss, hay and straw were used for the same purpose. I can personally attest to the use as late as 1962 of "slick magazines" as toilet paper in certain European camp grounds.

23. BSCI 424 Pathogenic Microbiology -- History Of Antibiotics history of Antibiotics. ~ 1495 Europeans Mercury syphilis (Treponemapallidum) ? BSCI 424 — Pathogenic microbiology — BSCI 424 HomePage http://www.life.umd.edu/classroom/bsci424/Chemotherapy/AntibioticsHistory.htm

History of Antibiotics Treponema pallidum) S. aureus Plasmodium spp.); Plasmodium spp.) Bacillus anthracis) st sulfonamide) Paul Ehrlich Selective stains; Synthesized arsenic compound arsphenamine; (Nobel Prize) ("606", Salvarsan) -> syphilis ( T. pallidum) ; Coined terms "magic bullet," "chemotherapy," "chemical knife); Further progress delayed by physician hesitancy Alexander Fleming Inhibition of S. aureus colonies by mold Penicillium notatum (Nobel Prize) Discovered "miracle drug," penicillin in vitro ) but converted in the body tosulfanilamide moiety (active in vivo) which was secreted in the urine; analog of vitamin para-aminobenzoic acid Streptococcus and broad range antimicrobial activities Bacillus brevis Active against gram positive bacteria By 1945 Selman Waksman Isolated streptomycin from Streptomyces griseus Proposed term "antibiotic" = chemical compound made by a microorganism that inhibits or kills other microorganisms at low concentrations Go to Chemotherapy of Bacterial Infections Lecture Syllabus General Course Information Grade Determination Laboratory Syllabus ... Lab Safety Revised: August 2000 URL: http://life.umd.edu/classroom/bsci424

24. BSCI 223 General Microbiology -- Lecture List Lectures 1 2 — Introduction history of microbiology. Koch s Postulates history of Antibiotics Lectures 3 4 — Structure of the Prokaryotic Cell http://www.life.umd.edu/classroom/bsci424/BSCI223WebSiteFiles/LectureList.htm

List of Lecture Topics Koch's Postulates History of Antibiotics Structure of the Prokaryotic Cell Arrangement of bacterial flagella Comparison of gram-positive and gram-negative cells Comparison of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells Lecture 5 ... Summary of Aerobic Metabolism (Same as your text Fig. 6.21) Bacterial Genetics DNA Replication Regulation of Gene Expression Mutation: Change in the Genetic Material Lecture 13 Viral Biology DNA vs. RNA virus biosynthesis Electron micrograph of a T-even phage Animal and Plant Viruses; Prions Bacteriophage vs. animal virus multiplication Persistent viral infections of humans Oncogenic viruses Table of plant viruses ... Lecture 23 Disorders of the Immune System Cancer HIV/AIDS Case History: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Transmission Lecture 24 Chemotherapy: Antimicrobial Drugs Microbial Diversity Molecular Structures of Environmental Significance Basic Carbon-Oxygen Cycle Basic Nitrogen Cycle Hydrothermal Vents Lecture 27 Return to Top of Lecture List OPTIONAL: Below Are Additional Materials Not Included in Lecture (This material will not be included on exams. It is not a supplement to class lectures, but is distinct additional microbiological information.)

25. Microbiology - History: New & Used Books Category Search Result For Microbiology microbiology history New Used Books Category Search Result for microbiology -history. Compare new and used books prices among 122 book stores in a http://www.fetchbook.info/fwd_topics/id_1540136.html

Bookmark Recommend Us Enhance Your Site Browse Books ... Forums New! Help Keyword Title Author ISBN Welcome Guest [Sign In] Searched in books for Microbiology - History More than titles matched your search. Search took seconds. All Categories Science Life Sciences Biology Microbiology Microbiology - History Add Review By Michael C. Carroll Paperback / 301 Pages / Perennial / August 2005 / 006078184X List Price $13.95 / Similar to Lab 257: The Disturbing Story Of The... Compare Prices Add To Wish List Details ... Add Review Principles of Molecular Virology By Alan Cann Paperback / 315 Pages / Academic Pr / September 2005 / 0120887878 List Price $44.95 / Similar to Principles of Molecular Virology Compare Prices Add To Wish List Details ... Add Review Demon in the Freezer By Richard Preston Paperback / Fawcett Books / September 2003 / 0345466632 List Price $7.99 / Similar to Demon in the Freezer Compare Prices Add To Wish List Details ... Add Review Introduction to Microbiology With Infotrac: A Case-Study Approach By Catherine A. Ingraham

26. Home Page history of microbiology Archival Projects. About this project. This experimentalhistory project so to speak, is part of a program supported by the http://histmicro.yale.edu/

Home Page History of Microbiology: Archival Projects About this project This " experimental history project " so to speak, is part of a program supported by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation to explore the possibilities of using the internet to increase the collection of archival material in the history of recent science to supplement and complement expensive and time consuming oral history interviews and preparation of autobiographical memoirs. This site includes three projects devoted to topics in microbiology being developed and maintained through a grant to the American Society for Microbiology. Parallel projects are being developed by the Society for Neuroscience and the American Society for Virology. How will the information collected here be used? All material submitted to this website will be organized into a database that is accessible to the visitors to this site. If you indicate that you wish to remain anonymous, we will remove your name from your contribution. You must however, provide us with your name and address when you contribute information. You may send us material by regular mail, email, or fax, if you wish. This material will also be incorporated into our database. At some point all the material we collect will be prepared for long term archival storage in an appropriate form and at an appropriate site. This material will continue to be available to scholars for research purposes. This site has several sections Plasmids Extremophiles Second generation antibiotics

27. GNPR 214A,2002 Why is the history of microbiology a good paradigm for the history of thought ingeneral? *history of Viruses, from Three Centuries of microbiology http://www.haverford.edu/biology/Courses/GNPR214/gnpr_214a2002.htm

GNPR 214 A Historical Introduction to Microbiology Rationale: Format of Course : This is a seminar course. Students (usually in a group of 2 or 3) and professors will lead seminars on the readings for that day. There will be a midterm and final paper assignment. N.B. There will be no class Sept. 16 Texts Brock,,Thomas D. Milestones in Microbiology ~Readings in purple Packet of readings * Readings in red McNeill , William H, Plagues and People Interesting Web Links related to the course are preceded by buttons. Look first at some pictures of environments containing many microbes.Other web links are listed in the relevant weeks. http://www.rz.uni-frankfurt.de/ ~schauder/ http://www.ucmp.berke ley.edu/exhibit/phylogeny.html http://helios.bt o.ed.ac.uk/bto/microbes/microbes.htm#top http://www.bacteriamuseum.org/m ain1.shtml Week 1 : Introduction The history of science until the 19th century. The development of an experimental approach to problems. Why is the history of microbiology a good paradigm for the history of thought in general? Why are microbes an important element of life on earth. In class we will describe some of the fundamental properties of cells with emphasis on prokaryotes(bacteria) and then consider the chapter by Stephen J. Gould on why microbes are the most important forms of life on earth. Packet: *Our Introduction *Plant and animal cell picture *Prokaryotes,unseen majority,PNAS paper *Biological Identity of Prokaryotes *Gould chapter *Microbiology history Time Line

28. NHM Protist Video Library The Natural history Museum s microbiology video collection Information aboutthe microbiology video collection Contact the microbiology Group http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/protistvideo/

@import url("/css/migration/microsite.css"); Skip to page content Business centre About us Search Home Visit us Nature online Kids only ... Buy online Back to: Projects You are here: Home Projects Microbiology videos The Natural History Museum's Microbiology video collection Genera: Acineria Acineta Actinophrys Amphileptus Anthophysa Arcella Aspidisca Blepharisma Bodo Calyptotricha Campanella Capsellina Carchesium Chilodonella Chlamydodon Cinetochilum Climacostomum Cochliopodium Cohnilembus Coleps Colpidium Colpoda Condylostoma Cothurnia Cryptopharynx Cyclidium Dexiotricha Didinium Difflugia Dileptus Dinobryon Diophrys Discocephalus Discophrya Discorbis Drepanomonas Enchelyomorpha Entosiphon Epiclintes Epistylis Eucamptocerca Euglypha Euplotes Frontonia Gelei Glaucoma Halteria Haplocaulus Heleopora Helicoprorodon Helicostoma Heliophrya Heteropolaria Histiobalantium Holophrya Holoprhya Holosticha Kahlilembus Kentrophoros Kerona Lacrymaria Leptopharynx Litonotus Lohmanniella Loxodes Loxophyllum Malacophrys Manuelophrya Maupasella Mayorella Mesodinium Metacineta Metacystis Metopus Microchlamys Monocercomonas Multifasciculatum Nassula Opercularia Ophrydium Ophryoglena Ophryoglena?

29. The Microbiology Slide Collection At The Natural History Museum searchable database of microbiology slides. The Natural history Museum smicrobiology Slide Collection. Organism group http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/cgi-bin/perth/protists/

The Natural History Museum's Microbiology Slide Collection Organism group: Amoebae Apicomplexa Arthropoda Bacteria Ciliate Cnidaria Diplomonad Flagellate Foraminifera Fungi Heliozoa Hypotrichida Karyorelictea Kinetoplastid Lobosea Microsporidia Microsporididea Myxosporidia Myxozoa Nematoda Oligotrichida Opalinid Opalinidae Peniculistomatidae Peritrichida Plantae Plasmodiophorea Radiolaria Rhizopoda Scuticociliatida Spirochaete Virus Xenophyophorea Genus: starts with equals ends with contains Species: starts with equals ends with contains Host common name: (Rodent) ? (Oriental) Pratincole ? Boa ? Canary ? Dog ? Long-Billed Cockatoo ? Mouse Deer ? Rabbit ? Rat Tailed Godwit ? Snake African Civet Cat African Python African Shrew Agamid Lizard Algerian Canary Alligator American Robin Amphibian Anaconda Angulated Tortoise Anole Ant Anteater Antelope Argus Pheasant Asiatic Mouse Deer Asiatic Mouse Deer Or Chevrotain Asiatic Water Buffalo Assam Squirrel Baboon Badger Bagdad Sparrow Bandicoot Bank Vole Basilisk Baska Water Tortoise Bat Bear Bearded Lizard Bee Eater Bee-Moth Bee-Moth Caterpillar Beetle Belle Cinixys Bengal Monitor Bennett's Wallaby Bergeroti Parrot Bird Bird (Cock B) Bird Or ? Reptile

30. Highlights In The History Of Microbiology Highlights in the history of microbiology. Timeline; Contributions to. Microscopy;Culture Methods; Germ Theory of Disease; Defense or Control of Microbes http://users.stlcc.edu/kkiser/History.page.html

Clinical Laboratory Technology Highlights in the History of Microbiology Timeline Contributions to: Microscopy Culture Methods ... Awards Timeline Observed "little animals" (Antony Leeuwenhoek) First scientific Small pox vaccination (Edward Jenner) Advocated washing hands to stop the spread of disease (Ignaz Semmelweis) Disproved spontaneous generation (Louis Pasteur) Supported Germ Theory of Disease (Louis Pasteur) Practiced antiseptic surgery (Joseph Lister) First proof of Germ Theory of Disease with B. anthracis discovery (Robert Koch) Growth of Bacteria on solid media (Robert Koch) Outlined Kochs postulates (Robert Koch) Developed acid-fast Stain (Paul Ehrlich) Developed Gram Stain (Christian Gram) First Rabies vaccination (Louis Pasteur) Invented Petri Dish (R.J. Petri) Discovered viruses (Dmitri Iosifovich Ivanovski) Recognized viral dependence on cells for reproduction (Martinus Beijerinck) Proved mosquitoes carried the yellow fever agent (Walter Reed) Discovered cure for syphilis (Paul Ehrlich) Discovered Penicillin (Alexander Fleming) Developed a method to sequence DNA Polymerase Chain Reaction invented (Kary Mullis) First microbial genomic sequence published H. influenzae

31. Microbiology Early history of microbiology. The Early Days history of Medicine Smallpox Highlights in the history of microbiology history of Immunology http://www.theguardians.com/Microbiology/gm_mbi02.htm

Early History of Microbiology The Early Days The science of microbiology started with the invention of the microscope. The English scientist Robert Hooke is credited with being the first person to use a microscope for academic study. That was in the early 1660's. In 1665 Hooke published his landmark book Micrographia , which described the microscopic world for the first time. Hooke studied plant sections, in particular cork and he drew what he saw, which was a matrix of tiny cylindrical-like structures he called cells . Later researchers saw such structures in all types of living organism and Hooke's naming remained. Today it is considered to be a foundation stone in the understanding of microbiology. (Left) A sketch of Hooke's microscope. (Right) No images of Hooke survive. Willen Church in Buckinghamshire, England, was designed by Robert Hooke who also discovered Hooke's Law and the Great Red Spot on the planet Jupiter. Meanwhile in continental Europe others, such as

32. Scope And History Of Microbiology (a) We will briefly outline the history of microbiology in terms of the achievementsof a few individuals (yes, this will be on the test) including http://www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu/~sabedon/black01.htm

Important words and concepts from Chapter 1, Black, 2002 by Stephen T. Abedon abedon.1@osu.edu ) for Micro 509 at the Ohio State University Course-external links are in brackets Click [ index ] to access site index Click here to access text’s website Vocabulary words are found below Chapter title : Scope and History of Microbiology (a) Throughout this course (i.e., these notes) I will be doing my best to supply you with links to supplemental material found on the World Wide Web (i) If you have additional interest in presented material or need additional exposure to concepts, consider following these links (on line, of course) (ii) I will regularly include Google searches that may be followed for abundant additional information on material—however, always keep in mind that your first, best reference will usually be your text book (iii) There also exists an index to this site called MicroPort that is found at http://www.phage.org/microbiology.htm or by pressing [ index ] throughout these notes (b) Studying tips: (i) Read over assigned material in your text before coming to lectures Read your text well so that, minimally, you have made an attempt at understanding the presented concepts

33. History | Microbiology & Immunology The University of Adelaide s School of Molecular Biomedical Science includesleading teaching and research facilities. Find information on http://www.mbs.adelaide.edu.au/school/history/micro.html

The University of Adelaide Home Faculty of Sciences Search ... School Home Information For Prospective Students Current Students Staff (Intranet) Information About The School Contact us Where to find us Industry Links ... Biomedical Science THE UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE ADELAIDE SA 5005 AUSTRALIA Telephone: +61 8 8303 5434 Facsimile: +61 8 8303 4362 History of Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Adelaide The department continued to be housed in the Institute until the mid-1950s, when an addition to the Medical School Building was made for its accommodation. James Elvins McCartney had joined the Institute staff in 1952, and gave lectures and attended practical classes for the medical students, and occasionally for the science students. The Rowley Era As a result of the considerable growth of the Department during the 1950s, a Chair of Microbiology was established and in 1960 Derrick Rowley (Plate 3) was appointed as the first Professor of Microbiology. Accommodation was increased in the early 1960s, and because of the change in emphasis in the scientific work of the Department its name was changed in 1970 to Microbiology and Immunology. Throughout its existence the Department has taught science and medical students. In early years microbiology was also taught to dental and pharmacy students, and in the 1950s Atkinson gave some lectures in general and industrial microbiology which were attended by students of the South Australian Institute of Technology as well as by university students. In 1965 the pharmacy course was transferred to the South Australian Institute of Technology, and in 1967 responsibility for the teaching of microbiology to dental students was assumed by the Department of Oral Biology, to which Atkinson transferred in 1967; she retired in 1975. With Rowley's appointment, teaching and research were concentrated increasingly on immunology, especially host-parasite relationships, and prokaryote molecular biology. By 1962, there were several Post-doctoral Fellows in the Department, including Dr Peter Reeves, who was later appointed Lecturer.

34. Students Department History Resources. Students Department history. The Department of microbiology andImmunology was founded in 1902 as the Department of Bacteriology under the http://www.med.umich.edu/microbio/students/history.html

Modern developments in molecular biology were followed by rapid expansion in this area during the l970's under the leadership of Dr. Frederick C. Neidhardt. With the chairmanship currently held by Dr. Harry Mobley , laboratories in our department conduct research in many diverse and exciting fields of molecular and cellular biology. Research interests of investigators include: gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; molecular biology of animal and bacterial viruses; molecular basis of microbial pathogenesis integrated behavior of complex molecular and cellular networks; as well as structure, function, and molecular genet ics of immunoglobulins, T-cell receptors and cell surface antigens. This interdisciplinary approach adds a dynamic dimension to the Department's already outstanding tradition in microbiology and immunology. Faculty/Research PhD Program Students Administration ... Site Map University of Michigan Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology 5641 Medical Science Bldg. II 1150 West Medical Center Dr.

35. PhD Program History history. PhD Program Department history. The Department of microbiology andImmunology was founded in 1902 as the Department of Bacteriology under the http://www.med.umich.edu/microbio/phd/history.html

Modern developments in molecular biology were followed by rapid expansion in this area during the l970's under the leadership of Dr. Frederick C. Neidhardt. With Dr. Michael Imperiale as the interim chair, laboratories in our department conduct research in many diverse and exciting fields of molecular and cellular biology. Research interests of investigators include: gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; molecular biology of animal and bacterial viruses; molecular basis of microbial pathogenesis integrated behavior of complex molecular and cellular networks; as well as structure, function, and molecular genet ics of immunoglobulins, T-cell receptors and cell surface antigens. This interdisciplinary approach adds a dynamic dimension to the Department's already outstanding tradition in microbiology and immunology. Faculty/Research PhD Program Students Administration ... Site Map University of Michigan Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology

36. Department History - Food Microbiology & Nutrition | Food Science And Human Nutr Home About the Department Department history came back to Urbana asassociate professor of food microbiology and became a full professor in 1957. http://www.fshn.uiuc.edu/dept/history/microbiology_nutrition.html

@import url(../../fshnAdv.css); Skip navigation Undergraduates Graduate Students Alumni ... The History of FSHN@UIUC (Flash animation overview) Scott E. Martin and Z. John Ordal [Click photo for larger image] Z. John Ordal was among the first faculty hired by Louis Howard to staff the new Department of Food Technology. He received his early education at Luther College, Iowa, and received his Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota in 1942 in Bacteriology and Chemical Engineering. Following post-doctoral work at Ohio State University, he spent two years as an associate at the University of Illinois in the Departments of Bacteriology and Public Health. In 1946 he moved to Owens-Illinois Glass Company and in 1947 to Economics Laboratory in Minneapolis. In 1949, he came back to Urbana as associate professor of food microbiology and became a full professor in 1957. Ordal's research contributions gained him an international reputation, especially on the physiology of the bacterial spore, and the effect of physical stress on microbial cells and the conditions needed for repair or recovery. His early work on vacuum packaging of fresh meats has found wide application in the wholesale distribution of fresh meats, particularly primal cuts of fresh beef. His output of graduate students has been prodigious: 31 Ph.D. and 45 MS candidates between 1950 and 1979. He received the 1979 Becton Dickinson award from the American Society for Microbiology. He died in Urbana in 1979.

37. Microbiology http//www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/coldwar/pox_weapon_02.shtml http//www.cvm.uiuc.edu/courses/vp331/history.html microbiology and Immunology —Problem http://www.kensbiorefs.com/Microbio.html

Homework Help: PATH - Pupils Ask, Teachers Help http://pathwhelp.org/ Site Navigation Home Animal Anat, Phys Animal Behavior Cell Chemistry ... Plant Anat, Phys Microbiology Click on underlined subject area to access reference Basics and Introduction Microbes Algae Bacteria Fungi, Molds, Lichens, Yeast Protists ... Unit Photos, Illustrations, GIF's Basics, Introductions, Hypertexts Access Excellence Graphic Gallery http://www.accessexcellence.org/AB/GG/ Allergies http://people.ku.edu/~jbrown/allergy.html American Phytopathological Society Education Center http://www.apsnet.org/education/ Antibiotics http://people.ku.edu/~jbrown/antibiotic.html Antibiotic Resistance http://people.ku.edu/~jbrown/resistance.htm Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/795_antibio.html Antibiotics and Chemical Agents I http://www.slic2.wsu.edu:82/hurlbert/micro101/pages/101lab8.html Antibiotics and Chemical Agents II http://www.towson.edu/~wubah/medmicro/Growth_control.htm Antibiotics: Penicillin I http://www.cellsalive.com/pen.htm

38. History Highlights of the history of the microbiology Department at MSU. These highlightsare based on The history of Bacteriology in Michigan , compiled by AS http://www.msu.edu/unit/mic/micdept/history.htm

39. History Of Infectious Diseases With the beginning of microbiology, bacterial pathogens became apparent. Some ofthe highlights in the history of microbiology are listed here (Source St. http://www.bacteriamuseum.org/niches/features/diseasehistory.shtml

Jump to Category: Choose Category What Are Bacteria Pathogenic Bacteria Evolution Bacterial Species How We Fight Bacteria Jump to Exhibit: Choose Exhibit Bacteria and Insects Images of bacteria The black Death Wine and Vinegar making Bacteria and Plants Microbial Ecology Bacteria and Crime Bioterrorism You are here: www.bacteriamuseum > Special feature files > History of infectious diseases Related: go to: The plague go to: general categories: Pathogenic bacteria > Pathogens Special feature: Bacterial Diseases in History Bacteria existed long before humans evolved, and bacterial diseases probably co-evolved with each species. Many bacterial diseases that we see today have been around for as long as we have, others may have developed later. In either case, for the longest time we were not aware of the cause of infectious diseases. With the beginning of microbiology, bacterial pathogens became apparent. Some of the highlights in the history of microbiology are listed here (Source: St. Louis Community College) ; a similar site on Ancient microbiological history is provided by Washington State Uni. An overview of the

40. Biochemistry & Microbiology Departmental History By 1951, the microbiology Department at the School of Agriculture had expandedand moved into history of Soil Science at Rutgers University 19701990. http://www.cook.rutgers.edu/~dbm/history.html

Departmental History In 1863, Rutgers was designated the "State College for the Benefit of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts" following the passage of the Morrill Land - Grant Act (1862) and soon after the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (NJAES) was formed in 1880. At Rutgers College in 1893, Julius Nelson clarified the nature of bovine tuberculosis, setting a trend in agricultural microbiology. Edward Voorhees and J. B. Street illuminated the role of soil bacteria in denitrification in 1902, receiving the first Nichols Gold Medal of the American Chemical Society. The introduction of soybeans as an agricultural crop in the United States, pioneered in part by the founder of NJAES, George Cook in 1879, enabled Byron Halsted to use the legumes in evaluating the efficiency of Rhizobium legume inoculants (1899). Based on Halsted's early studies, and his own concern with the role of bacteria in soil fertility, Voorhees established the Department of Soil Chemistry and Bacteriology in 1901 probably the first department of agricultural microbiology in the country and the progenitor of the current Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology. Jacob Lipman was appointed to develop the new Department in 1901 although still completing his Ph.D. in Agricultural Chemistry (Cornell, 1903). This remarkable Russian immigrant, who received his B.S. from Rutgers in 1898, gave tremendous vitality to the new science of soil bacteriology (Voorhees and Lipman

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