61. IPL General/Reference Collection: Meteorology/Climatology Science TechnologyEarth SciencesMeteorology/Climatology She has excellent resources to other lightning safety sites and general lightning http://www.ipl.org.ar/ref/RR/static/sci12.40.00.html

the Internet Public Library Meteorology/Climatology Resources Earth Sciences A science that deals with the atmosphere and its phenomena, especially with weather and weather forecasting. Show Me Associations Serials in this category. No further Subcategories Resources in this category are: About Rainbows http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/staff/blynds/rnbw.html Presents the science of rainbows. Hypertext links you to further articles, a glossary and diagrams. There are experiments for studying the nature of rainbows. Includes references. Author: Beverly T. Lynds (blynds@unidata.ucar.edu) Subjects: Keywords: Rainbow The Aurora Page http://www.geo.mtu.edu/weather/aurora/ "Information, links and images about the 'Northern Lights'". Author: Michael Dolan (mtdolan@mtu.edu) Subjects: Keywords: Aurora Borealis; Northern Lights Canada Centre for Remote Sensing Products and Research on Disaster Monitoring (CCRS) http://www.ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca/ccrs/tekrd/rd/apps/em/disasters/dismone.html "CCRS scientific teams assess and demonstrate the potential of remote sensing data to satisfy the information requirements of agencies that have an operational mandate for the management of various types of disasters." Examples are given of how these sensing devices can be used to study and monitor disasters. Author: Canada Centre for Remote Sensing (info@ccrs.nrcan.gc.ca)

62. Department Of Geography @Ohio University general Physics. 5. PHYS 252. general Physics A minor in meteorology consists of a minimum of 28 hours including GEOG 101, 121, 302, 304, 305, 406, http://jupiter.phy.ohiou.edu/Departments/Geography/tracks/meteorology.html

Main Page Faculty Anderson Bain ... FAQs Meterology (B.S.) Major Code BS4238 The following interdisciplinary program in the Departments of Geography, Mathematics, and Physics can prepare you for graduate training in meteorology, climatology, and atmospheric physics. The program can be taken with an emphasis in geography, mathematics, or physics. Geography emphasis requirements: Course # Course Name Credits Geog 121 Human Geography Geog 315 or Geog 316 or Geog 411 Landforms and Landscapes or Biogeography or Advanced Physical Geography Geog 260 or Geog 360 or Geog 365 Maps or Cartography or Air Photo Interpretation Freshman: Course # Course Name Credits GEOG 101 Physical Geography GEOL 101 Intro. to Geology CHEM 151 Fundamentals of Chemistry CHEM 152 Fundamentals of Chemistry MATH 263A Calculus MATH 263B Calculus MATH 263C Calculus English Composition Sophomore: Course # Course Name Credits GEOG 201 Environmental Geography GEOL 211 Oceanography MATH 263D Calculus MATH 340 Differential Equations MATH 440 Vector Analysis MATH 441 Fourier Series and Partial Diff. Equations

63. Careers In Meteorology Interested in a career in meteorology, or related fields such as hydrology, atmospheric physics broadcast meteorology, general consulting, air quality, http://sky-fire.tv/index.cgi/careers.html

Interested in a career in meteorology, or related fields such as hydrology, atmospheric physics or atmospheric chemistry? A good information resource is the web site of the American Meteorological Society: www.AmetSoc.org/AMS What is a meteorologist? What is atmospheric physics? Many scientists with training in physics work on atmosphere-related problems. These can include issues related to radar and radio wave propagation, optical propagation, acoustics and spectroscopy, to name just a few. The field can be highly theoretical and mathematical. There are also many observationally oriented programs in which new sensing systems are developed such as Doppler lidar, radar and acoustic profiler and satellite sounding systems. What is atmospheric chemistry? Is meteorology a good career? According to The Jobs Ranked Almanac, the career of meteorologist now ranks seventh out of 250. This is a big move up from 38th place in the 1988 edition. The rankings are based on factors such as environment, employment outlook, stress, security, physical demands and income. The really interesting thing about the field is that you can be involved at many levels ranging from taking observations to working on high end theoretical problems on supercomputers. You can find employment within many federal government agencies, the military, state and local government, universities, broadcasting, utilities, private industry, engineering consulting firms or be a self-employed consultant.

64. Meteorology FAQ Part 5/7: Sources Of Weather Data Subject 9) Information on meteorology topics general URLhttp//www.usatoday. com/weather/wworks0.htm USA Today s How the Weather Works pages. http://www.faqs.org/faqs/meteorology/net-resources/

MultiPage Meteorology FAQ Part 5/7: Sources of weather data There are reader questions on this topic! Help others by sharing your knowledge sci.geo.meteorology Subject: Meteorology FAQ Part 5/7: Sources of weather data Reply-To: hcane@mobile.gulf.net Subject: 1) Table of contents 1) Table of contents 2) Overview 3) Newsgroups and WWW bulletin boards 4) Mailing lists 5) Institutional home pages non-US 6) Institutional home pages US 7) Employment resources 8) Educational resources for teachers 9) Information on meteorology topics Each (major) section has a "Subject:" line, so you can search on the subject title above to find the section quickly. Subject: 2) Overview This is a list of Internet resources for people wishing to discuss or learn about meteorology, climatology, oceanography, and related disciplines. They include resources for laypersons, professionals, teachers, and students. talk.environment Subject: 4) Mailing lists In the following list of mailing lists, commands to mailservers are set off using quotation marks ("example"). Don't use the quotes when sending actual mail to the servers. AHP_ARCHIVE-L A mailing list has been created to discuss issues arising out of the preservation of the archives of the Alberta Hail Project (AHP). The Alberta Hail Project operated from 1957-1986, and collected meteorological data (centered around hail storms) using several sensors, including a circularly polarized 10 cm radar, a co-located 3 cm radar, and an instrumented aircraft, as well as extensive ground operations and surveys. A project is currently underway to move as much digital data as possible to CD-ROM and store those at the University of Alberta Data Library. For more information on the project or the archives, email

65. Meteorology FAQ Part 1/7: Intro These faqs are also stored in the general USENET FAQ repositories, US State Climatologists Subject meteorology FAQ Part 3/7 Sources of research http://www.faqs.org/faqs/meteorology/faq-intro/

MultiPage Meteorology FAQ Part 1/7: Intro There are reader questions on this topic! Help others by sharing your knowledge sci.geo.meteorology Subject: Meteorology FAQ Part 1/7: Intro Reply-To: hcane@mobile.gulf.net ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/meteorology/ http://www.faqs.org/ Subject: 1) Table of contents 1) Table of contents 2) Overview 3) Where to find the FAQs 4) How to use the file retrieval methods Each (major) section has a "Subject:" line, so you can search on the subject title above to find the section quickly. meteorology/faq-intro 1. Table of contents 2. Overview 3. Where to find the FAQs 4. How to use the file retrieval methods Subject: Meteorology FAQ Part 2/7: Sources of weather data Summary: Weather data available via the Internet Archive-name: meteorology/weather-data 1. Table of contents 2. Overview 3. Collections of weather data links 4. US Regional Climate Centers 5. US State Climatologists Subject: Meteorology FAQ Part 3/7: Sources of research data Summary: Research and miscellaneous data available via the Internet Archive-name: meteorology/research-data 1. Table of contents 2. Overview 3. Multidisciplinary Data Centers 4. Climate and weather 5. Satellite data 6. Hydrology and glaciology 7. Environmental chemistry 8. Geophysical and mapping data 9. Instruments and field experiments 10. Oceanography 11. Miscellaneous data 12. Software and documentation Subject: Meteorology FAQ Part 4/6: Sources of CD-ROMs Summary: Weather and research data available via CD-ROM Archive-name:

66. MAD.SCI Libe: Earth Sciences meteorology (the study of the weather) Atmospheric Science. * The Daily Planet Learn about the general Earthquake Information US Geological Survey. http://www.madsci.org/libs/areas/earth.html

Earth Sciences The Daily Planet : Learn about the weather. Kids as Global Scientists : Exercises, demonstrations and explanations concerning the weather. Another weather site to try: The Weather Channel Hurricane Hunters : Home page of the 53rd Weather Reconnaissance Squadron of the US Air Force. A great site for information on hurricanes! Tornado Project : Lots of information about tornados, from folklore to storm chasing and current research. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Severe Storms Laboratory : Information about hurricanes, tornados, lightning and thunderstorms. Australia's Bureau of Meteorology Tutorial in Atmospheric Chemistry : Discusses natural chemistry of the atmosphere, smog, ozone depletion, and other topics. Geology USGS Learning Web : Information concerning many topics in geology. Maintained by the US Geological Survey. Volcano World : Lots of information about volcanos, including an 'Ask-A-Volcanologist' page. Hot spots, plate tectonics and rings of fire At the US Geological Service in Vancouver Washington. Plate Tectonics and Seismic Waves : An online tutorial, replete with images - U. Nevada.

67. Careers In Atmospheric Science - Meteorology dynamic meteorology, physical meteorology, general meteorology, synoptic meteorology, plus courses in climatology, micrometeorology, hydro-meteorology and http://www2.sunysuffolk.edu/mandias/careers.html

Careers in Atmospheric Science - Meteorology What is Meteorology? Meteorology is the science of the atmosphere. It offers the opportunity of investigating the forces that shape weather and climate and how human activities can affect climate through the introduction of pollutants into the atmosphere. Employment In the United States the largest employer is the United States Government through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . Students interested in meteorology should view the future with a fair degree of optimism. A university degree in meteorology, combined with appropriate courses in environmental sciences, computer science and/or chemistry, opens the door to a number of careers, some within the government, others in industry. The atmosphere plays a major role in transporting pollutants from one region of the globe to another, and, as such, is a key component of the environment. The need for professionals who understand how the atmosphere behaves can be expected to grow in the years to come, as societies around the world become more and more industrialized and eject more and more pollution into the atmosphere. Choosing a Career in Meteorology High School The first step for a student in considering a career in meteorology or atmospheric sciences is to opt in favor of physical science courses and mathematics.

68. Oracle Archive: Meteorology Oracle archive meteorology. This covers the weather. This is for grades 6 to 12. Back one level To the Archive by scientist To the general archive http://www.seps.org/oracle/oracle.archive/Earth_Science.Meteorology/

Oracle archive: Meteorology This covers the weather. This is for grades 6 to 12. Please select one of the following choices: Back one level To the Archive by scientist To the general archive Recent questions and answers Sort by: Subject Author Date September 2005 3 entries August 2005 2 entries June 2005 6 entries May 2005 2 entries April 2005 6 entries February 2005 4 entries January 2005 10 entries December 2004 6 entries November 2004 6 entries October 2004 10 entries September 2004 8 entries August 2004 4 entries July 2004 6 entries May 2004 10 entries March 2004 4 entries February 2004 6 entries January 2004 12 entries December 2003 6 entries November 2003 8 entries October 2003 10 entries September 2003 12 entries August 2003 4 entries July 2003 4 entries June 2003 12 entries May 2003 10 entries April 2003 2 entries March 2003 4 entries February 2003 6 entries January 2003 2 entries December 2002 10 entries November 2002 4 entries October 2002 4 entries September 2002 6 entries August 2002 6 entries June 2002 4 entries May 2002 6 entries April 2002 4 entries March 2002 2 entries February 2002 8 entries January 2002 8 entries December 2001 2 entries November 2001 2 entries October 2001 8 entries September 2001 4 entries August 2001 4 entries June 2001 2 entries May 2001 4 entries April 2001 2 entries

69. Windspeed Limited (Vector Instruments) - Wind Speed, Wind Direction And Weather Saturday, August 13 2005, Home Applications general meteorology, Search site general meteorology Wind Power (surveying) Wind Alarms Research http://www.windspeed.co.uk/ws/index.php/option=displaypage/Itemid=56/op=page/Sub

Windspeed Limited (trading as Vector Instruments) 115 Marsh Road, RHYL, LL18 2AB, United Kingdom. Tel: 01745 350700 - Fax: 01745 344206 Saturday, September 24 2005 Home Applications General Meteorology Search site: Latest Weather (Rhyl): Wind Speed: 8.5 mph Wind Direction: Air Temp.: Rel. Humidity: Rain (last Hr): 0.0 mm (updated at: 00:38 UK time) Home Contact Us Products Applications ... Site Search Registered User Login ... Username Password Lost Password New User? Register here... Click to translate this page using: Notes: This website requires Javascript and Cookies to be enabled for correct operation. Use subject to General Meteorological Applications Vector Instruments anemometers and windvanes are well known to meteorologists around the world and have virtually become standard equipment where their low power requirements suits them to professional data-logger based automatic weather stations. Together with specialist sensors such as our windspeed and direction data can be gathered from buoys at sea Windspeed Limited (trading as Vector Instruments)

70. Department Of Atmospheric Sciences ATMO300b Betterton - general meteorology - Dynamics. ATMO336-Hahmann - Weather, Climate and Society. ATMO350-Zeng - Atmospheric Measurements http://www.atmo.arizona.edu/students/courselinks/

Atmospheric Sciences course links Fall 2005 Course Links NATS101 - Weidman - Introduction to Weather and Climate - Section 3 NATS101 - Weidman - Introduction to Weather and Climate - Section 4 NATS101 - Mullen - Introduction to Weather and Climate - Sections 5 and 6 NATS101 - Serra - Introduction to Weather and Climate - Section 54 ATMO325 - Herman - Weather Analysis and Forecasting ATMO336 - Ward - Weather, Climate and Society - Section 1 ATMO336 - Kursinski - Weather, Climate and Society - Section 2 ATMO451a/551a - Krider - Physical Meteorology ATMO469a/569a - Betterton - Air Pollution I ATMO595c - Zeng - General Circulation Observations and Modeling Links to more Fall 2005 courses coming soon (Other ATMO courses are listed in ATMO Course Descriptions Links to ATMO courses offered in previous semesters: Spring 2005 Course Links NATS101 - Weidman - Introduction to Weather and Climate - Section 3 NATS101 - Weidman - Introduction to Weather and Climate - Section 4 NATS101 - Betterton - Introduction to Weather and Climate - Section 44 ATMO325 - Herman - Weather Analysis and Forecasting ATMO336 - Ward - Weather, Climate and Society - Section 1

71. ATMO 300a General Meteorology - Physical ATMO 300a general meteorology Physical Required Texts Roland B. Stull, meteorology for Scientists and Engineers A Technical Companion Book, http://www.atmo.arizona.edu/students/courselinks/fall00/atmo300a/home.html

ATMO 300a General Meteorology - Physical Meeting: 11:00-11:50 am MWF in BIO W room 212 Instructor: Robert Kerr, 626-5963, kerr@atmo.arizona.edu PAS room 550 (north wing) Office Hours: Mondays 2:00 pm to 3:15 pm, Thursdays 2:00 pm to 3:15 pm TA: Wendy Thomas , 621-8829, thomas@atmo.arizona.edu Required Texts: Roland B. Stull, Meteorology for Scientists and Engineers: A Technical Companion Book, 2nd Edition ; C. Donald Ahrens, Essentials of Meteorology Prerequisite: MATH 129 calculus; integration, modeling with differential equations, Taylor series. Exam Date topics % of final grade exam 1 22 September chapters 1,2,3 exam 2 20 October Ahrens: chapters 4,5. Stull: 5,6. exam 3 17 November Ahrens: chapters 6,7. Stull: 4,7 Final Monday, December 11, 11AM-1PM chapters 8,9, preceding chapters HomeW Quizzes NO MAKEUP EXAMS. Homework problems are assigned weekly. Week 1: Chap1: N1,2,8,11. Not graded. Week 2: Chap1: N14,15. Chap2: N13,17. Chap3: N1,2,3,5abcgh,6 Due 06-Sep-00. Week 3: Chap2: N5,6,10c,11,12. Chap3: N7,8. Due 13-Sep-00. Week 4: Chap2: 10c again if desired, N18, N19,N21, S2, S3. Chap3: N9ai, N13 (You want an answer in units of (degrees K)meter/sec. What two quantities dividing the radiative flux will give this.) Due 20-Sep-00.

72. Free Software Directory: Meteorology PHP Weather The GNU general Public License, Version 2 or later - 2005-04-27 Shows current weather on a Web page. phpWX - The GNU general Public License http://directory.fsf.org/science/geography/meteorology/

FSF UNESCO Free Software Directory 4,231 packages indexed Top Science Geography Meteorology Geo::Weather - [GPL] - 2005-04-27 Retrieves weather.com information PHP Weather - [The GNU General Public License, Version 2 or later] - 2005-04-27 Shows current weather on a Web page phpWX - [The GNU General Public License, Version 2] - 2005-04-27 Displays current weather conditions StormSiren - [The GNU General Public License, Version 2 or later] - 2005-04-27 Severe weather monitoring tool WeatherGraph - [The GNU General Public License, Version 2 or later] - 2005-04-27 Generates graphs of weather conditions WeatherPlotter - [The GNU General Public License, Version 2 or later] - 2005-04-27 Gathers, tracks, and analyzes historical weather data WeatherSpect - [The GNU General Public License, Version 2 or later] - 2005-07-19 Simulates the current weather in ASCII art Wmweather+ - [The GNU General Public License, Version 2 or later] - 2005-04-27 Weather app for windowmaker wxweather - [The GNU General Public License, Version 2 or later] - 2005-04-27 Reference implementation of the Open Weather Project system Permission is granted to copy, distribute, and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of this license is included in the file

73. University Of Wyoming General Bulletin: Atmospheric Science Course Descriptions general circulation, synoptic meteorology, clouds and precipitation, Physical meteorology II. 3. Propagation of electromagnetic energy in the http://uwadmnweb.uwyo.edu/registrar/bulletin/atsc.html

Main Page Front Section University Calendar College/Division Programs ... UW Home Atmospheric Science (ATSC) 2000 Level 4000 Level First course in meteorology for students with minimal background in math and science. Provides general and practical understanding of weather phenomena. Emphasizes observational aspects of the science, meteorological view of the physical world and the impact the science has on life and society. Includes three hours of lecture and one laboratory per week. Includes atmospheric composition and structure, radiation, winds and horizontal forces, stability and vertical motions, general circulation, synoptic meteorology, clouds and precipitation, severe storms and atmospheric optics. 2100. Atmospheric Change: Composition and Climate. 3. Introduces non-specialists to a broad overview of global, regional and local atmospheric impacts of mankind's activities and natural phenomena, and their consequences. Includes global warming and potential for climate change, atmospheric ozone depletion, acid rain, urban air pollution and problem alleviating mitigating strategies. 4000. Physical Meteorology I. 4.

74. Live Weather Images - Community Forums - Weather & Meteorology Just general chitchat about weather and meteorology and whatever else you can think of dealing with it that isn t covered in one of the categories below. http://www.weatherimages.org/forums/forumdisplay.php?f=29

75. Live Weather Images - Community Forums - General Weather Stuff Live Weather Images meteorology and weather forums. Live Weather Images community forums Weather meteorology general Weather Stuff http://www.weatherimages.org/forums/archive/index.php/f-8.html

Live Weather Images - community forums PDA View Full Version : General Weather Stuff Pages : Hello! Storm of Dec. 30 2000 A New Arrival!! Lightning Detection ... Need some ideas for identification..

76. MET 3003, General Meteorology Registration instructions for “meteorology Now” and the more general information site, “Infotrac,” maintained by the publisher are included with the book. http://www.ihc.fiu.edu/academic_research/courses/hew/met_3003/MET 3003 General M

MET 3003, General Meteorology (Ref # 19359) Florida International University Spring 2005 Instructor: Dr. Hugh Willoughby, MARC 368, 305-348-7096, hugh.willoughby@fiu.edu . Email is a good way to reach me. Time and location: Office Hours: Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday at 1:30-2:30 PM, MARC 368, or by appointment. Prerequisites: MAC 2311 (Calculus I) and PHY 2048 (General Physics) or permission of the instructor. Text: Essentials of Meteorology , by C. Donald Ahrens, 4 th Edition, 2005, IBSN 0-534-42264-0. Supplementary class notes. Course description: A quantitative introduction to the Earth’s atmosphere. Topics include: tropical and midlatitude weather, clouds and convection, solar and infrared radiation, general circulation and climate, and an overview of meteorological dynamics. Course Goals and Objectives: This course is the first in a series designed to constitute a major in Atmospheric Science within FIU Department of Earth Sciences. As such it provides an introduction to the profession of meteorology and a description of the atmosphere for undergraduate students majoring in physical sciences or engineering. We will answer questions like these: What do meteorologists do and how do other professions relate to meteorology?

77. MET 3993, General Meteorology MET 3993, general meteorology (Ref 7699) As such it provides an introduction to the profession of meteorology and a description of the atmosphere for http://www.ihc.fiu.edu/academic_research/courses/hew/met_3993/MET 3993 General M

MET 3993, General Meteorology (Ref # 7699) Florida International University Spring 2004 Instructor: Dr. Hugh Willoughby, MARC 368, 305-348-7096, hugh.willoughby@fiu.edu . Email is a good way to reach me. Time and location: Office Hours: Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday at 1:30-2:30 PM, MARC 368, or by appointment. Prerequisites: MAC 2311 (Calculus I) and PHY 2048 (General Physics) or permission of the instructor. Text: Atmospheric Science: An Introductory Survey Course description: A quantitative introduction to the Earth’s atmosphere. Topics include: tropical and midlatitude weather, clouds and convection, solar and infrared radiation, general circulation and climate, and an overview of meteorological dynamics. Course Goals and Objectives: This course is the first in a series designed to become a major in Atmospheric Science within FIU Department of Earth Sciences. As such it provides an introduction to the profession of meteorology and a description of the atmosphere for undergraduate students majoring in physical sciences or engineering. We will answer questions like these: What do meteorologists do and how do other professions relate to meteorology?

78. HNMS Major general Andreas Kyriakides was the main and most important organiser of covering issues of naval, aeronautical and general meteorology as well as http://www.hnms.gr/hnms/english/meteorology/full_story_html?&dr_url=/docs/misc/k

79. Undergraduate Study Of Physical Oceanography And Meteorology At UNSW If you really want to study oceanography and marine science in general then choose the to Oceanography and meteorology, but also general marine science. http://www.cemap.maths.unsw.edu.au/undergrad.html

Undergraduate Study of Physical Oceanography and Meteorology at UNSW How to study Physical Oceanography and Meteorology at UNSW International Students What kind of job can I obtain when I graduate? What do I study in the programs? ... Which course should I choose? What subjects should I choose in my degree? Further Information. How to study Undergraduate Physical Oceanography and Meteorology at UNSW There are 3 programs of undergraduate study of Physical Oceanography and Meteorology at UNSW. All lead to a Science degree. The first two are the Major in Physical Oceanography and Meteorology within the Science Degree Program (BSc). and Major in Physical Oceanography and Meteorology within the Advanced Science Degree Program (BSc). Both degrees focus on various techniques used to solve the mathematical equations that describe fluid flow. How these solutions are then interpreted for the ocean and atmosphere also forms an integral part of the course. Focus is also given to modelling techniques for the ocean and atmosphere. The Science Degree Program is a 3 year program with an opportunity for students with excellent results to continue for another year (total 4 years) to obtain an Honours degree. The Advanced Science Degree Program is a 4 year program where the final Honours year is compulsory.

80. Remote Sensing Tutorial Page 14-1 meteorology itself is a major component of the Hydrologic Cycle which also embraces This first page considers the general background to metsat http://rst.gsfc.nasa.gov/Sect14/Sect14_1.html

THE WATER PLANET: METEOROLOGY, OCEANOGRAPHY AND HYDROLOGY FROM SPACE The Hydrologic Cycle; Meteorological Satellites (General) Oceans and large freshwater bodies cover more than 70% of the Earth's surface. At any moment, around 50% of that surface, land and sea, is hidden from satellite view by clouds. Over smaller areas, but still significant, rain, descending from these clouds, impacts on the surface to run off and then coalesce into streams and rivers. This great system of interconnected water circulation comprises the hydrologic cycle, as summarized in this diagram: What in the diagram accounts for the least amount of water relocation? What category of temporary water storage is not cited in the diagram? ANSWER The numbers associated with this chart clearly demonstrate that the oceans not only hold the bulk of the planet's water but are the source of most of the precipitation that constantly recycles water. Water in transit appears as circulating (wind-driven) visible clouds and invisible water vapor or as water mobilized in fluvial systems. In addition to the ocean bulk, which accounts for nearly 98% of the volume of water at or near the Earth's surface, most of the remaining fraction is ice, mostly in the Antarctic and Greenland, snow (much being seasonally ephemeral), and freshwater lakes. Most remote sensing observations tend to be two-dimensional, that is, the sensors look at the surface or very near surface. Geophysical remote sensing is, in part, 3-dimensional as the instruments used can provide information about the supracrustal rocks (e.g., sedimentary sections) and the crystalline basement crust and some techniques provide information about the mantle and even the Earth's core. Meteorological remote sensing is primarily directed towards making observations of the atomspheric profile - the column of air above the ground which varies in temperature, pressure, and composition. This atmospheric mantle has been divided as shown in this figure, which also show the general variations of temperature with altitude (height above the surface):

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