81. Perplexus.info :: Logic Puzzles, Brainteasers, Riddles And Math Tricks A forum and collection of brain teasers, logic problems, math problems, paradoxes,science games, probability, riddles, and geometric shapes. http://perplexus.info/

All about flooble fun stuff Get a free chatterbox ... Avatars perplexus dot info Home Welcome to perplexus.info , flooble's perplexing puzzle portal. Here, we collect all sorts of puzzles, from simple logic questions and word tricks to in-depth math problems like probability and geometry. Click around and see if your brain is up to the task! If you're new here, make sure you sign up so that you can leave comments and submit your own problems! Categories All Problem Categories Latest: Self-Referential Numbers (in Numbers A nine digit number has the property where the first digit equals the number of zeros and ones used in the number, the second digit equals the number of ones and twos used in the number, the third digit equals the number of twos and threes used in the number, etc. through the ninth digit equals the number of eights and nines used in the number. What could the number be? A ten digit number has a similar property to the nine digit number. The first digit equals the number of zeros and ones used in the number, the second digit equals the number of ones and twos used in the number, etc. through the ninth digit. And also, the tenth digit equals the number of zeros and nines used in the number. What could this number be? No Solution Yet, 4 Comments

82. List Of Unsolved Problems -- Facts, Info, And Encyclopedia Article This is a list of lists of unsolved problems in various subjects (Click linkfor more info and facts about unsolved problems in biology) unsolved problems http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/l/li/list_of_unsolved_problems.htm

List of unsolved problems [Categories: Unsolved problems] This is a list of lists of unsolved problems in various subjects: (Click link for more info and facts about Unsolved problems in biology) Unsolved problems in biology Unsolved problems in chemistry (Click link for more info and facts about Unsolved problems in cognitive science) Unsolved problems in cognitive science (Click link for more info and facts about List of open problems in computer science) List of open problems in computer science Unsolved problems in economics (Click link for more info and facts about Unsolved problems in governance) Unsolved problems in governance (Click link for more info and facts about Unsolved problems in mathematics) Unsolved problems in mathematics Unsolved problems in medicine (Click link for more info and facts about Unsolved problems in neuroscience) Unsolved problems in neuroscience Unsolved problems in philosophy (Click link for more info and facts about Unsolved problems in physics) Unsolved problems in physics (incl. astrophysics) (Click link for more info and facts about Unsolved problems in religion) Unsolved problems in religion (Click link for more info and facts about Unsolved problems in software engineering) Unsolved problems in software engineering External links PrintLink("http://www.nytimes.com/indexes/2003/11/10/science/text/index.html", "New York Times article on leading unsolved questions in science")

83. MathForge.netPower Tools For Online Mathematics If it were seen as an established fact that one unsolved problem (RZH) relatesdirectly or is required Competitive math and the art of problem solving http://mathforge.net/index.jsp?page=seeReplies&messageNum=981

84. MathPuzzle.com math Games, math Puzzles, and mathematical Recreations. Can you find animprovement, or solve one of the unsolved cases? 2005 Nob Yoshigahara Puzzle http://www.mathpuzzle.com/

Puzzler's Picks Mathematica MathWorld Mathematical Explorer Mathforge.net Math Games Math Games Sudoku Variations Vector vs. Raster Tournament Dice Deadly Rooms of Death ... Paterson's Worms Revisited Archived Pages Mar-Jun Mar/April, design 2 Mar/April, design 1 Jan/Feb ... June-Dec More mathpuzzle pages Awards Book Recommendations Chaos Tiles Characteristic Polynomial ... Zome Google Search www mathpuzzle Support mathpuzzle.com Material added 11 Sep 05 Sudoku Variations The Magic Sudoku puzzle by Alexandre Owen Muniz a few weeks back was very popular . I followed it up with a Math Games column about Sudoku Variations . An unsung hero in this is Wei-Hwa Huang, who sent me an enormously helpful list of Sudoku types . Alan O'Donnell sent solutions (and corrections) for every puzzle in the column "I think I can say I've truly conquered this genre of puzzle now." Bob Harris mentioned that the Geometric Sudoku are also known as Latin Squares , with only one given per region. Bob Harris: It's amazing to me how much more difficult generating an 8x8 puzzle seems to be than a . Here's an 8x8 (below). Probably pretty hard, but at least 3 cells can be labeled quickly and a couple other matches (this cell is the same as this other cell) can also be identified.

85. Josh Cooper's Math Pages : Open Combinatorics Problems Offers descriptions of discrepancy, Euclidean Ramsey Theory, geometric graphsand hypergraphs. http://www.math.nyu.edu/~cooper/combprob.html

Combinatorial Problems I Like Definitions for much of the terminology can be found here or here ) are, as far as I know, mine. Any errors/updates would be welcomed. See my homepage for contact info. Last Edit: July 29, 2005. Discrepancy B n th roots of unity, or even into the complex unit circle.) What if the coloring function must be completely multiplicative, i.e., f nm f n f (m) for all naturals n m Beck: of the integers 1 to n . If we color each number in this range red or blue, call the discrepancy Is it always possible to find a coloring for any three permutations so that the discrepancy is O (1)? (The best known result is O (log n ), then the discrepany of the interval [5,2,7,4] is 1 : Euclidean Ramsey Theory : How many colors is it necessary to use so that, if you paint every single point of the two-dimensional plane some color, no two points which are a distance one from each other are the same color? (That is, what is the chromatic number of the unit distance graph in the plane?) It's not hard to show that the number is between 4 and 7 but nobody has a clue where it falls in between. See this . A related problem, due to Chris Dillard: Consider

86. Mathematics Links MathSoft s collection of unsolved problems in mathematics, with links to manyother maths sites. The Prime Pages Awardwinning site on prime numbers. http://www.simonsingh.com/Mathematics_Links.html

Mathematics Links Back to Links Biographies of women mathematicians website. Mathematics Links If you want to find out more about mathematics, then the following sites might be of interest. If you would like to recommend a site, then please email me and I will consider adding it to the list. Sites also of interest to children and teenagers are marked (Y). Biographies of Women Mathematicians Find out about the lives and achievements of women mathematicians throughout history. (Y) Erdos Number Project Explore the bizarre world of Erdos numbers, and find out if you have one. This is the mathematical equivalent of "six degrees of Kevin Bacon". (Y) Ask Dr Math Ask Dr. Math a question. For all levels,from elementary school through to college and beyond. (Y) British Society for the History of Mathematics This page has an extensive list of sites that concentrate on the history of mathematics.

87. Leadership Program Internet Session Mother s Chores From the math Forum s Discrete math Problem of the Week They are also exposed to an important unsolved problem in mathematics. http://mathforum.org/workshops/lp/wk1.html

Leadership Program: Exploring Discrete Mathematics in the Classroom DIMACS Leadership Program LP Web Pages Math Forum K-8 Teachers Leadership Institutes: Exploring Discrete Mathematics in the Classroom During the summer institute, program participants learn about discrete mathematics and review and prepare materials that they can use to introduce these topics in their classes. The following web sites will help teachers to explore the topics farther. Day 1 - Coloring maps and resolving conflicts The Most Colorful Math of All - MegaMath Coloring is a profound mathematical topic with multi-million-dollar industrial applications. The problem presented here has been of interest to mathematicians for over a hundred years. How many colors do you need? With a few crayons or markers and some hand-drawn maps, children can quickly find themselves grappling with some of the same conundrums that contemporary mathematicians do. Four-color map problem Activities Background Information , From the MegaMath Test and Development Site. Colorful Mathematics - Canada's SchoolNet An educational software series presenting advanced mathematical concepts to K-12 students in a game-oriented approach. The five games offered use simple coloring and/or drawing techniques to illustrate mathematical concepts from graph theory. Downloadable software and a "teacher's corner" are provided. From Canada's SchoolNet. Games: The Four Color Map Problem; the Chromatic Number of a Graph; the Edge Chromatic Number of a Graph; the Two-Player Chromatic Game; the Dominating Number of a Graph. Available for IBM compatibles only. Version in French.

88. ScienceDaily Books : Unsolved Problems In Stellar Evolution (Space Telescope Sci Buy unsolved problems in Stellar Evolution (Space Telescope Science InstituteSymposium Series) Books cheap. http://www.sciencedaily.com/cgi-bin/apf4/amazon_products_feed.cgi?Operation=Item

89. Unsolved Problems (from Number Theory) --  Encyclopædia Britannica unsolved problems (from number theory) This triumph notwithstanding, number theoryremains the source of many unsolved problems, some of the most perplexing http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-233908

Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Expand all Collapse all Introduction From prehistory through Classical Greece ... Number theory in the 18th century Number theory in the 19th century Disquisitiones Arithmeticae From classical to analytic number theory Prime number theorem Number theory in the 20th century Unsolved problems Additional Reading Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products number theory Page 14 of 15 Unsolved problems This triumph notwithstanding, number theory remains the source of many unsolved problems, some of the most perplexing of which sound innocent enough. For example: Do any odd perfect numbers exist?

90. Mathematics Archives - Topics In Mathematics - Number Theory KEYWORDS Diophantine system, The ProuhetTarry-Escott problem, unsolved problemsand TECHNOLOGY Javascript; Number Theory Section of sci.math FAQ http://archives.math.utk.edu/topics/numberTheory.html

Topics in Mathematics Number Theory Absolute Primes ADD. KEYWORDS: Article, Repunits SOURCE: Arkadii Slinko, University of Auckland and Mathematics Olympiad Learning Centre TECHNOLOGY: Adobe Acrobat Reader Aesthetics of the Prime Sequence Algorithmic Number Theory - Bibliography AMS - Fermat's Last Theorem ADD. KEYWORDS: Number theory, Fermat's Last Theorem, History, Reports, Articles AMS's Materials Organized by Mathematical Subject Classification ADD. KEYWORDS: Electronic Journals, Preprints, Web Sites, Databases Arithmetic properties of Binomial Coefficients ADD. KEYWORDS: Elementary Number Theory, Lucas' Theorem, Pascal's triangle via cellular automata, Bernoulli numbers and polynomials, Theorems of Morley and Emma Lehmer and their generalizations, Some useful p-adic numbers Bernoulli (Beta) and Integer Part Sequences ADD. KEYWORDS: Article SOURCE: Rod Nillsen, Keith Tognetti and Graham Winley, University of Wollongong TECHNOLOGY: Adobe PDF, Postscript and DVI readers

91. Mathematics Archives - Topics In Mathematics - Discrete Mathematics KEYWORDS Online Forums, Open problems, Topics, Search and Find, Resources forDiscrete math ADD. KEYWORDS Course Syllabi, Textbooks, Journals http://archives.math.utk.edu/topics/discreteMath.html

Topics in Mathematics Discrete Mathematics Constructive Theory of Discrete Structures ADD. KEYWORDS: Software, SYMMETRICA, List of Large Designs, Finite Group Actions, Group Theory, Coding Theory, Finite Geometries, Mathematical Chemistry, MOLGEN Counting problems ADD. KEYWORDS: Permutations, Combinations, Binomial Theorem Discrete Applied Mathematics ADD. KEYWORDS: Journal Discrete Mathematics ADD. KEYWORDS: Journal Discrete Mathematics ADD. KEYWORDS: Course Materials, Lecture Notes Discrete Mathematics ADD. KEYWORDS: Course Materials, Lecture Notes, Exams SOURCE: Robin John Chapman, University of Exeter TECHNOLOGY: TeX DVI Discrete Mathematics Project ADD. KEYWORDS: Lesson Plans, Definitions, Glossary, Bibliography, People, Standards Discrete Structures in Computer Science ADD. KEYWORDS: Lecture Notes, Logic Elements, Boolean Algebra, Techniques of Proof and Problem Solving, Mathematical Induction, Graph Theory Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory ADD. KEYWORDS: Published Journal SOURCE: DIMACS - Center for Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science ADD. KEYWORDS:

92. CNN.com - Russian May Have Solved Great Math Mystery - Jan. 7, 2004 This is arguably the most famous unsolved problem in math and has been for sometime, said Bruce Kleiner, a University of Michigan math professor http://www.cnn.com/2004/US/West/01/07/math.mystery.ap/

International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Autos SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters Your E-mail Alerts RSS ... Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com Russian may have solved great math mystery The 100-year-old problem seeks to explain the geometry of three-dimensional space. Story Tools YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS Russia Research or Create your own Manage alerts What is this? SAN FRANCISCO, California (AP) A publicity-shy Russian researcher who labors in near-seclusion may have solved one of mathematics' oldest and most abstruse problems, the Poincare Conjecture. Evidence has been mounting since November 2002 that Grigori "Grisha" Perelman has cracked the 100-year-old problem, which seeks to explain the geometry of three-dimensional space. If Perelman succeeded, he could be eligible for a $1 million prize offered by the Cambridge, Massachusetts-based Clay Mathematics Institute, formed to identify the world's seven toughest math problems. Mathematicians around the world have been checking Perelman's work in search of the kind of flaws that have sunk the many other supposed solutions to a problem first presented by the French mathematician Henri Poincare in 1904. "This is arguably the most famous unsolved problem in math and has been for some time," said Bruce Kleiner, a University of Michigan math professor reviewing Perelman's work.

93. Science -- Sign In Prime Obsession Bernhard Riemann and the Greatest unsolved Problem in mathematics vividly presenting the personalities and stories surrounding the math. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/302/5642/60

You do not have access to this item: Full Text : Conrey, MATHEMATICS: Prime Time for the Riemann Hypothesis, Science You are on the site via Free Public Access. What content can I view with Free Public Access If you have a personal user name and password, please login below. SCIENCE Online Sign In Options For Viewing This Content User Name Password this computer. Help with Sign In If you don't use cookies, sign in here Join AAAS and subscribe to Science for free full access. Sign Up More Info Register for Free Partial Access including abstracts, summaries and special registered free full text content. Register More Info Pay per Article 24 hours for US $10.00 from your current computer Regain Access to a recent Pay per Article purchase Need More Help? Can't get past this page? Forgotten your user name or password? AAAS Members activate your FREE Subscription

94. Math Digest Click here for Digest The Grade A, Number 1 Prime Puzzle of math, by Greg Mone . The Riemann Hypothesis The Greatest unsolved Problem in mathematics, http://www.ams.org/mathmedia/mathdigest/200311-riemann1.html

Mathematical Digest Short Summaries of Articles about Mathematics in the Popular Press "Prime Time for the Riemann Hypothesis": Review of Prime Obsession: Bernhard Riemann and the Greatest Unsolved Problem in Mathematics by John Derbyshire. Reviewed by Brian Conrey. Science , 3 October 2003, pages 60-61. In addition to providing a positive review of the book, Conrey also gives a nice description of the problem and of progress toward its solution. He writes, "In Prime Obsession , John Derbyshire has produced a remarkably accessible and deeply researched description of this fascinating problem." Two other books about the Riemann hypothesis The Riemann Hypothesis (which in the United Kingdom is titled Dr. Riemann's Zeros ) by Karl Sabbagh, and The Music of the Primes by Marcus du Sautoyhave also recently been published. Conrey writes, "If you like accounts of mathematics written for non-mathematicians, you will want to read all three." Listed below are links to other Math Digest summaries of reviews of the books by Derbyshire, du Sautoy, and Sabbagh: [Click here for Digest] "The Grade A, Number 1 Prime Puzzle of Math," by Greg Mone.

95. BBC NEWS | Science/Nature | Book Explains Maths Mysteries attempts to explain the seven most important unsolved problems in mathematics . I describe those seven problems as the Mount Everest of mathematics. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3430309.stm

Home TV Radio Talk ... Newswatch Last Updated: Tuesday, 27 January, 2004, 10:09 GMT E-mail this to a friend Printable version Book explains maths mysteries The Riemann hypothesis is based around prime numbers A new book attempts to explain to the non-specialist the seven most important unsolved problems in mathematics. A million dollar prize - put forward by a US organisation - awaits the individual who can solve any of the so-called Millennium Problems. The updated paperback - also called The Millennium Problems - is written by Keith Devlin, executive director of the Centre for the Study of Language and Information at Stanford University. "It was an enormous challenge for me in writing the book," Dr Devlin told BBC World Service's Outlook programme. "I had to write a book that could tell you what the problems were - go around the problems without getting into them. "I describe those seven problems as the Mount Everest of mathematics. "There are several books that you can buy about mountain climbing that are great spectator books, that give you a sense of what it's like to climb Mount Everest without getting people right down in the dirty details of how you do it." Long-standing challenge An original set of 23 mathematical problems was outlined by Prussian mathematician David Hilbert in 1900.

96. Nat' Academies Press, Prime Obsession: Bernhard Riemann And The Greatest Unsolve Prime Obsession Bernhard Riemann and the Greatest unsolved Problem in There is much more math in the oddnumbered chapters, and much less in the http://www.nap.edu/books/0309085497/html/R1.html

Read more than 3,000 books online FREE! More than 900 PDFs now available for sale HOME ABOUT NAP CONTACT NAP HELP ... ORDERING INFO Items in cart [0] TRY OUR SPECIAL DISCOVERY ENGINE Questions? Call 888-624-8373 Prime Obsession: Bernhard Riemann and the Greatest Unsolved Problem in Mathematics (2003) Joseph Henry Press ( JHP Find More Like This Book Research ... Dashboard NEW! BUY This Book CHAPTER SELECTOR: Openbook Linked Table of Contents Front Matter, pp. i-xvi Part I: The Prime Number Theorem, pp. 1-2 1. Card Trick, pp. 3-18 2. The Soil, the Crop, pp. 19-31 3. The Prime Number Theorem, pp. 32-47 4. On the Shoulders of Giants, pp. 48-62 5. Riemann's Zeta Function, pp. 63-81 6. The Great Fusion, pp. 82-98 7. The Golden Key, and an Improved Prime Number Theorem, pp. 99-117 8. Not Altogether Unworthy, pp. 118-136 9. Domain Stretching, pp. 137-150 10. A Proof and a Turning Point, pp. 151-166 Part II: The Riemann Hypothesis, pp. 167-168 11. Nine Zulu Queens Ruled China, pp. 169-183 12. Hilber's Eighth Problem, pp. 184-200 13. The Argument Ant and the Value Ant, pp. 201-222

97. Nat' Academies Press, Prime Obsession: Bernhard Riemann And The Greatest Unsolve Prime Obsession Bernhard Riemann and the Greatest unsolved Problem in Most of nineteenthcentury math was concerned with numbers whole numbers, http://www.nap.edu/books/0309085497/html/184.html

Read more than 3,000 books online FREE! More than 900 PDFs now available for sale HOME ABOUT NAP CONTACT NAP HELP ... ORDERING INFO Items in cart [0] TRY OUR SPECIAL DISCOVERY ENGINE Questions? Call 888-624-8373 Prime Obsession: Bernhard Riemann and the Greatest Unsolved Problem in Mathematics (2003) Joseph Henry Press ( JHP Find More Like This Book Research ... Dashboard NEW! BUY This Book CHAPTER SELECTOR: Openbook Linked Table of Contents Front Matter, pp. i-xvi Part I: The Prime Number Theorem, pp. 1-2 1. Card Trick, pp. 3-18 2. The Soil, the Crop, pp. 19-31 3. The Prime Number Theorem, pp. 32-47 4. On the Shoulders of Giants, pp. 48-62 5. Riemann's Zeta Function, pp. 63-81 6. The Great Fusion, pp. 82-98 7. The Golden Key, and an Improved Prime Number Theorem, pp. 99-117 8. Not Altogether Unworthy, pp. 118-136 9. Domain Stretching, pp. 137-150 10. A Proof and a Turning Point, pp. 151-166 Part II: The Riemann Hypothesis, pp. 167-168 11. Nine Zulu Queens Ruled China, pp. 169-183 12. Hilber's Eighth Problem, pp. 184-200 13. The Argument Ant and the Value Ant, pp. 201-222

98. A K Peters, Ltd. - Erdős On Graphs Erdos on Graphs His Legacy of unsolved problems by Fan Chung, Ron Graham By cataloguing the unsolved problems of Erdos in a comprehensive and http://www.akpeters.com/product.asp?ProdCode=0792

99. Millennium Prize Problems The seven problems proposed by the Clay Mathematics Institute P versus NP; HodgeConjecture; Poincaré Conjecture; Riemann Hypothesis; YangMills Existence http://www.claymath.org/millennium/

Clay Mathematics Institute Dedicated to increasing and disseminating mathematical knowledge HOME ABOUT CMI PROGRAMS AWARDS ... PUBLICATIONS Millennium Problems In order to celebrate mathematics in the new millennium, The Clay Mathematics Institute of Cambridge, Massachusetts (CMI) has named seven Prize Problems . The Scientific Advisory Board of CMI selected these problems, focusing on important classic questions that have resisted solution over the years. The Board of Directors of CMI designated a $7 million prize fund for the solution to these problems, with $1 million allocated to each. During the Millennium Meeting The Importance of Mathematics , aimed for the general public, while John Tate and Michael Atiyah spoke on the problems. The CMI invited specialists to formulate each problem. One hundred years earlier, on August 8, 1900, David Hilbert delivered his famous lecture about open mathematical problems at the second International Congress of Mathematicians in Paris. This influenced our decision to announce the millennium problems as the central theme of a Paris meeting. The rules for the award of the prize have the endorsement of the CMI Scientific Advisory Board and the approval of the Directors. The members of these boards have the responsibility to preserve the nature, the integrity, and the spirit of this prize.

100. Welcome To Mathsoft Sorry! Page Not Found! Sorry, but the file you requested does not currently existon this server. The link you followed is either outdated or inaccurate. http://www.mathsoft.com/asolve/

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