101. Enriching Lives: Overcoming Vitamin And Mineral Malnutrition In Developing Count must be motivated to take action against micronutrient malnutrition. and social costs of micronutrient malnutrition and on the political salience http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/hnp/nutrition/enrich.htm

Enriching Lives: Overcoming Vitamin and Mineral Malnutrition in Developing Countries The following Executive Summary is taken from the World Bank publication Enriching Lives: Overcoming Vitamin and Mineral Malnutrition in Developing Countries Publication information and ordering instructions are available. The control of vitamin and mineral deficiencies is one of the most extraordinary development-related scientific advances of recent years. Probably no other technology available today offers as large an opportunity to improve lives and accelerate development at such low cost and in such a short time. Dietary deficiencies of vitamins and minerals—life-sustaining nutrients needed only in small quantities (hence, "micronutrients")—cause learning disabilities, mental retardation, poor health, low work capacity, blindness, and premature death. The result is a devastating public health problem: about 1 billion people, almost all in developing countries, are suffering the effects of these dietary deficiencies, and another billion are at risk of falling prey to them. To grasp the enormous implications at the country level, consider a country of 50 million people with the levels of micronutrient deficiencies that exist today in South Asia. Such a country would suffer the following losses each year because of these deficiencies:

102. MALNUTRITION AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES malnutrition and Deficiency Diseases. John B. Youmans, MD. The record of World War II is notable for the virtual absence of nutritional disease among troops http://history.amedd.army.mil/booksdocs/wwii/PrsnlHlthMsrs/chapter5.htm

CHAPTER V Malnutrition and Deficiency Diseases John B. Youmans, M. D. Only under extreme conditions, mostly in prisoners of war subjected to the neglect and cruelties of their captors, and in sporadic instances of individuals conditioned by injury, disease, or some personal peculiarity, did those terrible spectres of other wars—scurvy, dropsy, pellagra, beriberi, and xerophthalmia—return. Such was the achievement of preventive medicine. To refer, as will be done below, to the occurrence of an appreciable amount of nutritional deficiency is not the contradiction that it seems. It is to be explained by the changing concept of nutritional deficiency states, the recognition of the fact that there are degrees of deficiency, insufficient to warrant such diagnoses as scurvy, pellagra, or beriberi which require a considerable period for development even under controlled conditions. Partial deficiency may exist to an extent sufficient to prevent the fullest state of health, physical strength, and fitness, without causing overt or gross disability. Such conditions existed in the general population before the war and their presence was reflected in a similar occurrence in the troops under average conditions, although as their service lengthened it was decreased by the highly efficient control of food and nutrition in the Army. It is in this respect that preventive medicine finds its greatest opportunity in the field of nutritional deficiency disease and the opportunity to ensure optimal health and physical fitness as far as nutrition can secure them, by preventing even slight deficiencies.

103. Malnutrition: The 'silent Emergency' malnutrition constitutes a global silent emergency, killing millions every The statistics on malnutrition are grim. Nearly 12 million children under http://www.un.org/ecosocdev/geninfo/afrec/subjindx/113hung.htm

From Africa Recovery, Vol.11#3 (February 1998), page 3 Malnutrition: the 'silent emergency' UNICEF urges massive action to stem millions of preventable deaths By Frehiwot Bekele Malnutrition constitutes a global "silent emergency," killing millions every year and sapping the long-term economic vitality of nations, says the UN Children's Fund (UNICEF). In The State of the World's Children 1998, UNICEF urges intensive efforts by governments to counter the scourge, which it also regards as a violation of children's rights. The statistics on malnutrition are grim. Nearly 12 million children under the age of five (over 4 million of them in sub-Saharan Africa alone) die annually; malnutrition is a culprit in 55 per cent of these deaths. Iron deficiency anaemia is a contributing factor in over 20 per cent of post-birth maternal deaths in Africa and Asia. About 43 million people worldwide are suffering from varying degrees of brain damage due to iodine deficiency. Some 226 million children are stunted (shorter than they should be for their age); nearly 67 million are estimated to be wasted (weigh less than they should for their height); and about 183 million weigh less than they should for their age. In sub-Saharan Africa every third child is underweight, while two out of five are stunted. Malnutrition is a tangle of two mutually reinforcing factors: insufficient nutrient intake and illness, according to the report. Its root cause, therefore, is poverty at the household, community and national levels which results in lack of access to such basic necessities as food, health care, safe drinking water and sanitation. A second cause is an insidious combination of simple ignorance and prejudice against women, which deprives them of the rest and care they require during pregnancy and lactation, as well as access to education and economic resources.

104. 425000 Children Suffering From Extreme Poverty, Malnutrition In 425000 children suffering from extreme poverty, malnutrition in Eritrea – UN with many youngsters under five suffering acute malnutrition, according to http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=11457&Cr=eritrea&Cr1=

105. MALNUTRITION malnutrition may make your body weak. It may cause health problems such as What are the causes of malnutrition? malnutrition may be caused by not eating http://www.healthtouch.com/bin/EContent_HT/cnoteShowLfts.asp?fname=02055&title=M

106. BBC News | SOUTH ASIA | India's Malnutrition 'crisis' Half of all Indian children under four do not get enough to eat, and 60% of women are anaemic, according to a World Bank report. http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/south_asia/newsid_528000/528485.stm

low graphics version feedback help You are in: World: South Asia Front Page World ... Audio/Video Friday, 19 November, 1999, 17:43 GMT India's malnutrition 'crisis' Women and children are the worst sufferers By Daniel Lak in Delhi The World Bank has said malnutrition affects huge numbers of people in India, especially women and children, despite decades of often effective government action. Its report "Wasting Away - The Crisis of Malnutrition in India" blames poverty and low status of women for some of its most shocking statistics - half of all children under four are malnourished, it says, and 60% of women are anaemic. Mothers and sisters often forego food in poor families to give husbands and sons more than their share, the report says. One of the authors of the report, Mira Chatterjee, says malnutrition on such scale means money invested in education is not used effectively as hungry children cannot study. Economic cost The report estimates that malnourished workers mean an annual loss of $10 bn in lost productivity. The green revolution helped Indian food production It praises India's effort to feed its people through agricultural innovation and poverty alleviation schemes, but says population growth, high prices and unemployment often offset well intentioned government programmes.

107. BBC News | AFRICA | Congolese Face Malnutrition The UN food agency warns that it is unable to provide enough food for two milion Congolese. http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/africa/newsid_1114000/1114255.stm

low graphics version feedback help You are in: World: Africa Front Page World ... AudioVideo Friday, 12 January, 2001, 18:11 GMT Congolese face malnutrition The DRC war has created millions of displaced people The UN's World Food Programme (WFP) estimates that up to two million people are at risk of malnutrition in the Democratic Republic of Congo. There is a danger that malnutrition could spiral out of control Kees Tuinenburg, WFP Kinshasa representative The WFP said the ongoing war in the country had displaced millions of people, and cut many off from reliable sources of food. The agency's representative Kees Tuinenburg said that because of the problem, "stepped-up relief in the country is crucial. "If we don't get more food in now, there is a danger that malnutrition could spiral out of control." Entrenched positions Relief efforts have been hampered by an escalation in fighting, with WFP supplies failing to get through to the civilian population. The WFP admits that accurate statistics are difficult to gather, but the organisation estimates that 21% of the population of the eastern province of North-Kivu are suffering from severe malnutrition. The conflict in DR Congo - described as Africa's 'world war' - began in 1998, and has drawn in many of the neighbouring and nearby countries.

108. BURMA: Top UN Official Reports Gross Malnutrition, Poverty Top UN Official Reports Gross malnutrition, Poverty Marwaan MacanMarkar If you exclude China, the child malnutrition levels in east Asia and the http://www.ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=29792

109. HEALTH-INDONESIA: Under 'Reformasi' Malnutrition Stalks Children malnutrition is like the tip of the iceberg. This is a dangerous situation, said Mar ie Muhammad, chairman of the PMI, referring to a problem that seems http://www.ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=29687

110. Malnutrition Affects 70% Of Working Equines - Horse&Hound Online A 1st class equestrian site with everything for horse enthusiasts from equestrian news, equestrian disciplines such as show jumping, dressage, eventing, http://www.horseandhound.co.uk/news/397/67066.html

News Competition News Dates Results ... Subscribe Horses for Sale Sponsored by Min Height Max Height Min Price Max Price Type Allrounder Broodmare Cob Coloured Cross-country Dressage Driving Endurance Eventer General riding horse/hack Hunter Miniature Point-to-pointer Polo Pony club/riding club Show horse Show hunter Show hunter pony Show jumper Show pony Sports horse Western Working hunter Working hunter pony Email Classifieds or Ring 0800 7310616 to place an advert from outside the UK) Subscriptions Search the Site Quick Search: Type a keyword into the box below to search our site Latest Survey Will you hunt this season? Yes, as always Yes, first time No, due to ban No, never hunt Click to view past results You are here: Home / Articles / News Malnutrition affects 70% of working equines Anna Tyzack 10 August, 2005 Lack of essential nutrients is causing untold suffering for working horses around the globe warns the Brooke Hospital for Animals A recent scientific study shows that more than two-thirds of working equines are either "thin" or "very thin", with horses falling more often into the "very thin" category. The investigation was carried out by the Brooke Hospital for Animals and the University of Bristol Veterinary School and is the largest ever to be conducted amongst equines. Alarmingly, the results prove that the world's working horses, donkeys and mules are suffering malnutrition on an appalling scale.

111. Malnutrition In HIV Infection malnutrition and Cachexia, Chronic Diarrhea, and Hepatobiliary Disease in Patients Literature searches for the section on malnutrition and cachexia were http://www3.us.elsevierhealth.com/gastro/policy/v111n6p1724.html

AMERICAN GASTROENTEROLOGICAL ASSOCIATION American Gastroenterological Association Medical Position Statement: Guidelines for the Management of Malnutrition and Cachexia, Chronic Diarrhea, and Hepatobiliary Disease in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection This document presents the official recommendations of the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) on the management of malnutrition and cachexia, chronic diarrhea, and hepatobiliary disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. It was approved by the Patient Care Committee on July 15, 1996, and by the AGA Governing Board on July 27, 1996. H uman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a devastating illness with major public health implications throughout the world. Gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary complications are common in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and affect most patients at some point during the course of the disease. Gastrointestinal complications are important not only because of their frequency but because they result in significant morbidity, mortality, and use of health care resources. Management of these patients provides a challenge to the practicing physician for several reasons, including the atypical presentations, the broad spectrum of potential causes, and the multisystem nature of these complications. In addition, because these complications often occur in patients with advanced disease, ethical considerations must be taken into account. The following guidelines provide recommendations for the management of HIV-infected patients with malnutrition and cachexia, diarrhea, and hepatobiliary diseases. These guidelines are based on a systematic, comprehensive review of the medical literature, which is provided in an accompanying report.

112. IRIN Asia Asia NEPAL NEPAL Focus On Malnutrition Children The Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN) is a humanitarian news agency covering subSaharan Africa, eight countries in central Asia and Iraq. http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=47631

113. IRIN Africa Horn Of Africa DJIBOUTI DJIBOUTI Malnutrition The Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN) is a humanitarian news agency covering subSaharan Africa, eight countries in central Asia and Iraq. http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=47460&SelectRegion=Horn_of_Africa&Se

114. LSU AgCenter . Malnutrition malnutrition Impairs US Children’s Health, Behavior, Says LSU AgCenter Food and Nutrition Expert Some 13 million children in the United States live in homes http://www.agctr.lsu.edu/en/food_health/health/malnutrition/

text version search LSU AgCenter Search Web topics Malnutrition Home Health Malnutrition Malnutrition Impairs U.S. Children’s Health, Behavior Some 13 million children in the United States live in homes with limited access to a sufficient food supply. A new generation of research demonstrates a direct link between inadequate food supply and a poorer overall health status among U.S. children, according to LSU AgCenter food and nutrition expert Dr. Annrose Guarino. Faces of Poverty in Louisiana Three-year census data ending in 2000 reveal that 19.6 percent of Louisianians live in poverty. That compares to 12.4 percent for the rest of the country. Confronting the Issue of Poverty in Louisiana CABL November 2004 Report. In December 2004 Governor Kathleen Blanco convened her “Solutions to Poverty Summit.” As the name implies it’s described as a solutions-oriented discussion about how to reduce the serious poverty we face in Louisiana. CABL believes it’s a positive step in the right direction. A Framework for Understanding Food Insecurity: An Anti-Hunger Approach: A Food Systems Approach Understanding the causes and consequences of food insecurity not only helps in alleviating food access-related problems and hunger, but also can help in improving the quality and effectiveness of clinical care and facilitates the prevention and treatment of many kinds of health problems. However, researchers’ and policy-makers’ efforts to use the framework of food insecurity have been continually hindered by the lack of a clear conceptual definition.

115. Articles: Consumers ProteinRich Potato Could Help Combat malnutrition in India. Genetically enhanced tuber contains 5 GM Potato and malnutrition, Hindu, July 24, 2003. http://www.whybiotech.com/index.asp?id=4323

116. Malnutrition And Poverty This paper reviews conceptual viability of child malnutrition as a poverty indicator. Using Indonesia as a case study, it investigates practical use of http://www.adbi.org/discussion-paper/2005/01/14/869.malnutrition.poverty.indones

Research Program Research Event Schedule Publications Research Staff Profiles ... Child Malnutrition as a Poverty Indicator: An Evaluation in the Context of Different Development Interventions in Indonesia Malnutrition and Poverty Malnutrition and Poverty In search for an alternative poverty indicator, this section of the paper reviews the relevancy of using child malnutrition as poverty indicator. Child malnutrition as poverty indicator is conceptually appealing. Increasing health is seen as a dimension of poverty in its own right and child health is known to have important long-term effects on productivity during adulthood. As children are the future of every country, their situation is always of concern to policy makers, their parents and the general public. Ensuring children's health is a universally supported goal of development. Malnutrition has long been recognized as a consequence of poverty. It is widely accepted that higher rates of malnutrition will be found in areas with chronic widespread poverty (ADB, 2001). Malnutrition is the result of marginal dietary intake compounded by infection. In turn, marginal dietary intake is caused by household food insecurity, lack of clean water, lack of knowledge on good sanitation, and lack of alternative sources of income. It is also compounded by, inadequate care, gender inequality, poor health services, and poor environment. While income is not the sum of total of people's lives, health status as reflects by level of malnutrition is. Because having good health condition is important precondition for escaping poverty and because improved health and sanitation contribute to growth, investment in people's health and nutrition status is fundamental to improving a country’s general welfare, promoting economic growth, and reducing poverty (World Bank, 1993). Meeting primary health care needs and the nutritional requirements of children are fundamental to the achievement of sustainable development. In the United Kingdom and a number of Western European countries about half their economic growth achieved between 1790 and 1980 has been attributed to better nutrition and improved health and sanitation conditions (Fugel, 1994)

117. MSF-USA: Field News 07/25/2005 - Preventing Severe Malnutrition In Maradi, Niger During registration day, children under 5 with moderate malnutrition left The teams also identified nearly 200 cases of severe malnutrition and sent 681 http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/2005/07-25-2005.cfm

Home Site Map Contact Us Donate Online email newsletter About Us Field News Volunteer Donate ... Employment July 25, 2005 Preventing Severe Malnutrition in Maradi, Niger "I expected that it would be hard, but not this hard," said Christian Revert, an MSF logistician. The first day of registration for the targeted food distribution in Dan Issa, a village southwest of Maradi, did not end until night. The size of the crowd matched the hopes aroused by the free food aid. At 6 a.m., hundreds of mothers and children were waiting patiently in front of the primary school. By 10 a.m., thousands of people were pressing against the barriers, sometimes knocking them over. During registration day, children under 5 with moderate malnutrition left with a yellow band around their ankle. Several days later, this identification would entitle them to a food ration. MSF's experience showed the dangers that crowds pose during food distributions. Ropes marked off the circuit leading to the aid and the children passed through, village by village. Village leaders were responsible for maintaining calm. A Yellow Bracelet The circuit began with a wooden frame. A bar was set at a height of three and a half feet and the children who could able beneath it were allowed to continue. The others stopped there. They were older than five and, thus, less vulnerable. Most had a younger brother or sister who continued on through the process. The older ones would also receive food, which would come through the youngest family member. Further on, a yardstick was used to identify children below 25 inches in height. Those children, malnourished or not, would receive a food distribution and, thus, a bracelet.

118. JAMA -- Malnutrition In Children, August 4, 2004, Torpy Et Al. 292 (5): 648 Children with malnutrition have inadequate fat stores and very little muscle. malnutrition contributes to the high death rate among children in http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/292/5/648

Select Journal or Resource JAMA Archives of Dermatology Facial Plastic Surgery Family Medicine (1992-2000) General Psychiatry Internal Medicine Neurology Ophthalmology Surgery Student JAMA (1998-2004) JAMA CareerNet For The Media Meetings Peer Review Congress Vol. 292 No. 5, August 4, 2004 Featured Link E-mail Alerts JAMA Patient Page Article Options Extract PDF Spanish PDF Send to a Friend ... Similar articles in this journal Literature Track Add to File Drawer Download to Citation Manager PubMed citation Articles in PubMed by Torpy JM Glass RM Contact me when this article is cited Topic Collections World Health JAMA Patient Page Nutrition/ Malnutrition Topic Collection Alerts Malnutrition in Children Malnutrition means more than feeling hungry or not having enough food to eat. Inadequate intake of protein (necessary to keep the body healthy and build muscle), calories (a measure of energy the body needs), iron (for proper blood cell function), and other nutrients make up different types of malnutrition. Poor nutrition occurs in developing countries, as well as in more

119. Malnutrition :: What We Do :: U.S. Fund For UNICEF - U.S. Fund For UNICEF A silent and largely invisible emergency, malnutrition plays a role in more than half of the nearly 11 million deaths each year among children under age http://www.unicefusa.org/site/pp.asp?c=duLRI8O0H&b=25968&

120. NPR : Malnutrition Plagues Many In North Korea According to one report, the average North Korean boy is less than five feet tall and weighs less than 100 pounds. Children s growth in the country has been http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4457283

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