21. Diogenes -- Sign In Page Eglash, Ron (1999) African Fractals Modern Computing and indigenous Design. Tusonaluchazi Ideographs A Graphic Tradition as Practised by a People of http://dio.sagepub.com/cgi/content/refs/51/2/107

JOURNAL HOME HELP CONTACT US SUBSCRIPTIONS ... SEARCH QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: This item requires a subscription to Diogenes Online. Mathematical Thinking and Geometric Exploration in Africa and Elsewhere Gerdes Diogenes. This Article Abstract Full Text (PDF) References ... Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager To view this item, select one of the options below: Sign In User Name Sign in without cookies. Can't get past this page? Help with Cookies. Need to Activate? Password Forgot your user name or password? Purchase Short-Term Access Pay per Article - You may access this article (from the computer you are currently using) for 1 day for US$25.00 Pay for Admission - You may access all content in Diogenes Online (from the computer you are currently using) for 24 hours for US$75.00. Regain Access - You can regain access to a recent Pay per Article or Pay for Admission purchase if your access period has not yet expired.

22. Bible Society Of South Africa - Good News For All For Ever Many people literally lost everything in the war, including their Bibles.Although Portuguese is the official language, indigenous languages are very http://www.biblesociety.co.za/support/bam_projects_oct04.asp

Afrikaans Join the Bible-a-month Club! October 2004 Bibles in the languages of Angola Since becoming independent in 1975, Angola has almost continuosly been involved in civil war. It is stimated that some 1,5 million people have lost their lives in this conflict. Currently there is peace, but the economy has been destroyed and poverty is the order of the day. As is the case in the rest of the country, the Bible Society in Angola is also busy rebuilding. It is of particular importance that a distribution network is built up to ensure that people everywhere in the country can obtain Bibles. Many people literally lost everything in the war, including their Bibles. Although Portuguese is the official language, indigenous languages are very important as most people would like a Bible in their mother tongue. In order to meet this need the Bible Society would like to make 13 500 Bibles and 3 000 New Testaments available in Chokwe, Kikongo, Kimbundu, Luchazi and Umbundu as soon as possible at a very special price. However, funds are urgently needed. F UNDS NEEDED..

23. SIM Country Profile: Namibia Unfortunately, liberal theology and indigenous cults have resulted in nominal churchis found mainly among the Herero, luchazi and Hambukushu people groups http://sim.org/country.asp?CID=35&fun=1&ver=print

24. Second Part Of Mukanda Wim van Binsbergen on ethnicity, identity and politics in africa. of luchaziSenior Chief Samuzimu Mweningambo of the luchazi people’, in Jaeger 1974, http://www.shikanda.net/ethnicity/second.htm

by Wim van Binsbergen Mukanda, Part II homepage Mukanda overview page Mukanda Part I 7. Contested patrilineal succession around 1900: The Mukanda element In the case of the shift towards patrilineal succession, we are fortunate that the oral-historical data provide us with the details that allow us to perceive the specific, concrete political strategies through which such major changes in the socio-political structure tend to realize themselves. From the account in Likota lya Bankoya , Shamamano emerges as a great warrior and resourceful adventurer, and also as a usurper, who only under the protection of Lewanika managed to revive the Kahare name to which he was related not as a sister’s son, but only as a daughter’s son, i.e. outside the ordinary line of dynastic succession. A century of chief’s rule by members of Shamamano’s patri-segment, in a general context of the Lozi indigenous administration and the colonial and post-colonial state favouring patrilineal succession, has created such an image of self-evident legitimacy for the current Kahare line that oral traditions dwelling on the irregularity of Shamamano’s accession are completely suppressed at the Kahare court today. However, there is in Kahare’s area and among urban migrants hailing from there a noticeable undercurrent of traditions in which this legitimacy is challenged, and rival claims to the Kahare kingship are entertained. When Shamamano built his lukena in the same general area where his sons and grandson have since held the Kahare kingship, he did not enter a virgin territory, but one which for at least a century had been under Nkoya rule. Mwene Kabazi lived on the Njonjolo, at Litoya lya Mbuma. His younger sister, one of his successors, Mwene Manenga, had her

25. PASALA Graduate Symposium 1997: Milbourne The Luyi, also known as the Luyana, most likely are not indigenous to the area . The Lozi peoples of Northwestern Rhodesia. London International African http://sdrc.lib.uiowa.edu/ceras/baobab/milbourne.html

PASALA - Project for the Advanced Study of Art and Life in Africa and The University of Iowa Diplomacy in Motion: Makishi as Political Harmony in Barotseland Karen Milbourne In 1982, Victor Turner wrote "perhaps only celebration can adequately understand celebration, but language can give an approximate rendering of it and some semantic perspective on its products . . ."(1) I think that celebration can be applied as a methodology. In the study of performance or pageantry, choices are made, and these decisions are the substance of a productive process. However, I believe that all too often scholars have equated change with deterioration. Celebration has proved useful in my own research, where beliefs in "purity" and "tradition" have set the tone for what little material there is. Celebration places change within the positive context of creativity. I look to the performance of makishi masks, the cultural property of Mbunda peoples, in Lozi celebrations to demonstrate the means by which the arts are used to publicly display political cohesion. Mbunda, Lozi and nearly two dozen other groups, each defined by language, have settled along the Zambezi River in Zambia's Western Province, historically known as Barotseland. I arrived in Limulunga, the flood-time capitol of the Lozi royalty, on June 30th, 1996, after thirty hours by bus on what I came to call, the "not-road." June 30th and the first two days of July are national holidays in Zambia, and in Limulunga they are filled with such festivities as a ten kilometer marathon and music and dance performances

26. The Languages And Writing Systems Of Africa Angola, Republic of Angola, República de Angola, former People s Republic of Angola Also includes Mandinka, Wolof, Fula, other indigenous vernaculars. http://www.intersolinc.com/newsletters/africa.htm

English Deutsch Español Français ... Português Three Pointe Dr. Suite 301 Brea, California 92821 U.S.A. Tel.: Fax: Toll Free (U.S.) With a global network of experienced resources, InterSol provides customized, cost-effective solutions to the challenges of international communications. Other Editions Africa Languages of Africa Sources: Ethnologue The World Fact Book Country Language Algeria, Al Jaza'ir, People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, Al Jumhuriyah al Jaza'iriyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Sha'biyah National or official languages: Standard Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects. The number of languages listed for Algeria is 18, including Chaouia, Kabyle, Tumzabt, Taznatit and others. All are living languages. Angola, Republic of Angola, República de Angola, former People's Republic of Angola National or official languages: Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages. The number of languages listed for Angola is 42, of which 41 are living languages (including Mbundu, Loanda, Kongo, Chokwe, Luchazi) and 1 (Kwadi) is extinct. Benin

27. IN ZAMBIA, IN AN OPEN FIELD NEXT TO A MARKET, PERFORMING THE SPIRITS And like the rest of africa, Zambia is suffering from postcolonial trauma The Zambian sense of self (like other indigenous people) has been stricken http://www.uaf.edu/theatre/litooma/articles/zambia.html

IN ZAMBIA, IN AN OPEN FIELD NEXT TO A MARKET, PERFORMING THE SPIRITS Home Introduction Projects Articles/Plays ... Photo Gallery Shoeless and shirtless children ran cheering excitedly along side the vehicle as it bounced over ruts of red earth. As our Toyota Land Cruiser entered the circle created for our performance we immediately became the focus of gathered attention. We drove across the circle of dry grass to a make-shift stagea large wooden box surrounded with drums and puppets. Suddenly there was a spontaneous cheer from the crowd with arms waving, faces smiling and much whistling. Our arrival signaled the beginning of the performance to the crowd who waited for nearly forty minutes in the warm, but not yet hot, African sun. There is a unique crystal-like clarity and gentle freshness that characterizes the winter sky of southern Africa. Its sharp blue providing a perfect backdrop for the colorful mosaic of colorful clothing dotted with beautiful black faces. We were in Kitwe the heart of Zambia's "Copperbelt," formerly the world's most productive copper, zinc, and tin mines until the bottom fell out of the international metals in the early 1980's and first world countries started using laser optics instead of copper. Since then the Copperbelt Province, as the rest of Zambia, has been tail spinning in a whirl of foreign debt, inflation, unemployment, abject poverty, tribal in-fighting, and government corruption. The Land Cruiser pulled behind our "stage box" to provide both backdrop and a backstage for our performance. Timothy Mugala, Lenard, Milimo, and Jerry Jmuale who were drumming in a sweat at the box and nodded happily. At the center of the circle was shirtless Peter Piri who was entertaining the audience with his traditional comic dances. Though from the Bemba tribe, Peter knew scores of traditional dances from many different tribes; he was presenting an impromptu, sometimes bawdy, crowd pleasing warm-up to fill the time. The audience followed every move of his torso and stomach as he rotated and punctuated the syncopating drum rhythms with his astounding isolations.

28. Ntama Journal Of African Music And Popular Culture Language oppression is not a phenomenon confined to africa. If a person innorthwestern Zambia, for example, speaking luchazi as his/her mother tongue, http://ntama.uni-mainz.de/content/view/48/37/1/1/

Ntama Journal of African Music and Popular Culture Friday, 23 September 2005 Navigation Main Menu Home Special Focus Articles Reviews ... Ntama Guestbook African Music Archive The African Music Archive at Mainz University is the home of NTAMA Since January 2004 304908 Visitors Who's Online We have 88 guests online Your location: Home Special Focus Second Slavery Minority languages and cultures in Central Africa Minority languages and cultures in Central Africa Written by Gerhard Kubik Thursday, 22 January 2004 Page 2 of 5 Language oppression is not a phenomenon confined to Africa. Examples could be cited from any part of the world, including the so-called industrialized nations. What I am observing here with regard to Central Africa is analogous to what has been and still is practised in areas with totally different cultures elsewhere in the world. Oppressive strategies usually work in manner that the victimized groups learn to internalize the oppressor's standpoint. The oppressor, moreover, is not usually a person, but an abstract entity, such as a "policy", a "law", a "rule", a "convention", a "system", an "approved" way of behaviour. If a person in northwestern Zambia, for example, speaking Luchazi as his/her mother tongue, feels an inner coercion to write letters to friends who are from the same language community, in Luvale which is one of the "officially approved" languages in that country, then this is an example for such internalization.

29. AMU CHMA NEWSLETTER #27 (23/05/03) Owing to the primitive character of the people, and to the limited time at my from africa , indigenous Knowledge World Wide Newsletter, March 2002, p. http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/AMU/amu_chma_27.html

AMUCHMA-NEWSLETTER-27 Chairman: Paulus Gerdes (Mozambique) Secretary: Ahmed Djebbar (Algeria) Members: Cyprien Gnanvo (Benin) Nefertiti Megahed (Egypt) Mohamed Aballagh (Morocco) Abdoulaye Kane (Senegal) David Mosimege (South Africa) Mohamed Souissi (Tunisia) David Mtwetwa (Zimbabwe) Associate Members: TABLE OF CONTENTS Objectives of AMUCHMA Meetings, exhibitions, events Current Research Interests Notes and queries ... Addresses of scholars and institutions mentioned in this newsletter Suggestions Do you want to receive the next AMUCHMA-Newsletter AMUCHMA-NEWSLETTER website back to AMUCHMA ONLINE 2. MEETINGS, EXHIBITIONS, EVENTS 2.1. 7th Meeting of the Catalan Society for the History of Science and Technology At the 7th Meeting of the Catalan Society for the History of Science and Technology (Barcelona, Spain, November 14-16, 2002), two activities were dedicated to the history of mathematics and astronomy in the Maghreb and in Andalusia: A Round Table on " Science and Islam ". It was coordinated by the research team in History of the Arabic Astronomy of Barcelona: Julio Samso (Director of the team), Roser Puig (coordinator of the Round Table), Emilia Calvo, Mercè Comes, Miguel Forcada, and Monica Rius. A plenary talk by Ahmed Djebbar (Algeria) on "

30. Ovimbundu --  Encyclopædia Britannica Ovimbundu people inhabiting the treestudded grasslands of the Bié Plateau inAngola. subduing and incorporating the indigenous cattle-keeping peoples. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9057773

Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Ovimbundu Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products Ovimbundu Page 1 of 1 also called Umbundu Angola . They speak Umbundu, a Bantu language of the Niger-Congo language family. They numbered about four million at the turn of the 21st century. Ovimbundu... (75 of 272 words) var mm = [["Jan.","January"],["Feb.","February"],["Mar.","March"],["Apr.","April"],["May","May"],["June","June"],["July","July"],["Aug.","August"],["Sept.","September"],["Oct.","October"],["Nov.","November"],["Dec.","December"]]; To cite this page: MLA style: "Ovimbundu."

31. Angola Experience what God is doing through Faith Comes By Hearing in africa! four languages in Angola luchazi, spoken by approximately 1/4 million people, http://www.hosanna.org/africanamerican/InternationalMissions/angola.htm

for Faith Comes By Hearing Area: 481,350 sq. mi. (1,246,700 sq. km) Capital and largest city (1993): Luanda, 2,000,000 Other large cities (1993 est.): Huambo, 400,000; Lubango, 105,00 Population (2000 est.): 10,145,267 (average annual rate of natural increase: 2.2%); birth rate: 46.9/1000; infant mortality rate: 195.8/1000; density per sq. mi.: 21 Ethnicity/race: Ovimbundu 37%; Kimbundu 25%; Bakongo 13%; mestico (mixed European and Native African) 2%; European 1%; other 22% International Missions - Active Countries ANGOLA The southeastern country of Angola, about three times the size of California is home to over 10 million people, and 42% of them are illiterate. That's over four million men, women, and children who are unable to read God's Word. While the official language of Angola is Portuguese, over 98% of the population speak a Bantu language. Currently, Faith Comes By Hearing recordings have been requested for four languages in Angola: Luchazi, spoken by approximately 1/4 million people, Umbundu (or Ovimbundu), spoken by 4 million, Kongo, spoken by 1.3 million people, and Mbunda, spoken by 100,000 people. These recordings are all awaiting funding.

32. SIM Country Profile: Namibia Also in 1966, the South West africa People s Organization (SWAPO) began guerrilla Unfortunately, liberal theology and indigenous cults have resulted in http://www.sim.org/country.asp?cid=35&fun=1

33. NATIONS OF THE OLD WORLD ************** * EUROPE Leya Lima Liyuwa Lozi Luano luchazi Lukolwe (Mbwela 62%) Chinese (15%) see CHINA indigenous (6%) Cambodia Chinese see CHINA China, People s Republic of http://landru.myhome.net/jtrees/text/Nations_of_old-world.txt

Tofin Toli Urhobo //Waama// (Yoabu) Waci Xweda Xwela Yoba //Yoruba// [Anago and Nago] [current count: 51] Botswana Batswana (95%) Kalanga Basarwa Kgalagadi Burkina Faso Mossi Gurunsi Senufo Lobi Bobo Mande Fulani Burundi - Hutu (Bantu) Tutsi (Hamitic) Twa (Pygmy) Cameroon Cameroon Highlanders Equatorial Bantu Kirdi //Fulani// Northwestern Bantu Eastern Nigritic Cape Verde Creole (Cape Verde mulatto) (71%) [mixed African] (28%) Central African Republic [over 80 ethnic groups] Maubere Chinese [see CHINA] India - [Est. population: 1,014,003,817 ] [Java ] [Sulawesi (Celebes) ] [Sumatra ] [Maluku ] [Nusa Tenggara ] [Irian Jaya (West Papua) ]

34. Prelude Medicinal Plants Database Specialized In Central Africa — Metafro I Country Angola, Zambia (luchazi). Vernacular name not signalized People andPlants training workshop held at the Tropical Pesticides Research http://www.metafro.be/prelude/view_symptom?si=V(014)

35. Namibie Translate this page luchazi, luchazi, langue bantoue, 1 000, 0,0 % l’Organisation du peuple duSud-Ouest africain (South West africa People’s Organization, ou SWAPO). http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/afrique/namibie.htm

République de Namibie Namibie Republic of Namibia Capitale: Windhoek Population: 1,7 million (est. 2002) Langue officielle: anglais ( de facto Groupe majoritaire: aucun Groupes minoritaires: ndonga (39,5 %), kwanyama (12,1 %), luyana (8,8 %), herero (10,1 %), nama (9,8 %), afrikaans (4,4 %), bochiman vasekela (3 %), kwambi (1,6 %), ju/'hoan (1,4 %), lozi (1,4 %), subiya (1,3 %), allemand (1,1 %), san hai//om (0,9 %), tswana (0,6 %), anglais (0,5 %), diriku (0,5 %), fwe (0,5 %), mbukushu (0,3 %), auen (0,2 %), zemba (0,2 %), yeyi (0,2 %), kxoe (0,2 %), luchazi (0,0 %), kwandu du Nord (0,0 %), mbalanhu (0,0 %), !xóõ (0,0 %), xiri (0,0 %). Langues coloniales: allemand et anglais Système politique: république unitaire Articles constitutionnels (langue): art. 3, 11, 19, 24 et 65 de la Constitution du 29 mars 1990 Lois linguistiques: sans objet 1 Situation générale La Namibie (off. république de Namibie voir la carte La Namibie, une immensité désertique, couvre une superficie de 823 144 km², soit l'équivalent de quatre fois la Grande-Bretagne et plus de deux fois l'Allemagne. La capitale est Windhoek (150 000 habitants). Le pays compte plusieurs grandes régions : le Nord ( Northern region ), le désert de Namib (

36. Web Server Statistics For The University Of Iowa (Thailand) 0.03% 34 0.02% 6234 0.04% 2161 .za (South africa)0.05% 55 0.03% 8918 42 /~africart/toc/people/luchazi.html 57 http://www.uiowa.edu/stats/stats-2000-02.html

Web Server Statistics for The University of Iowa Program started at Wed-Mar-01-2000 00:38 local time. Analyzed requests from Tue-Feb-01-2000 00:01 to Wed-Mar-01-2000 00:05 (29.0 days). Total successful requests: Average successful requests per day: Total successful requests for pages: Average successful requests for pages per day: Total failed requests: Total redirected requests: Number of distinct files requested: Number of distinct hosts served: Number of new hosts served in last 7 days: Corrupt logfile lines: Total data transferred: 102,904 Mbytes (26,404 Mbytes) Average data transferred per day: 3,548 Mbytes (3,772 Mbytes) (Figures in parentheses refer to the last 7 days). Go To Daily Summary Daily Report Hourly Summary Weekly Report ... Browser Summary Daily Summary Go To Top Daily Report Hourly Summary Weekly Report ... Browser Summary Each unit ( ) represents 80,000 requests for pages, or part thereof. day: %bytes: Mbytes: %reqs: #reqs: %pages: pages: - - Sun: 9.76%: 10040: 7.63%: 2164619: 11.69%: 614020: Mon: 16.83%: 17317: 17.48%: 4957854: 15.55%: 816982:

37. :..:OVERVIEW OF ANGOLA THE PEOPLE Nganguela, Ovambo, Herero, Kangala, Humbe, Luvale, Bunda, luchazi, Kwandareand Approximately, 47% of the population are indigenous religious 38 http://anmf.web1000.com/profiles/country/Angola/

OVERVIEW OF ANGOLA Contents Location Land area and uses Physiography Climatic conditions ... Development challenges LOCATION Angola is located on the western coast of South Africa and lies within latitude 12 30 S, and longitude18 30 E.  It is bound by Namibia to the south, Zambia to the east, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire) to the north and northeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. A separate province of Cabinda is enclosed by the Democratic Republic of Congo. It has a coastline length of 1600 km. Major towns Click on map to view it in more details LAND AREA AND USES Angola has a total area of 1,246,700 sq km, out of which the land area is 1,246,700 sq km. According to a 1993 estimate, the main land uses are arable land (2%); permanent pastures (23%); forests and woodland (43%) and other (32%). PHYSIOGRAPHY Angola has a long coastal plain which rises abruptly to vast interior plateau which contains irregular terraces that form sub-plateaux. The central plateau accounts for around 66% of the land area and has numerous rivers which run into basins of the Congo and Zambezi Rivers that in turn flow to the Atlantic Ocean. The northwestern region of the central plateau and the enclave of Cabinda are covered by equatorial jungles while the southern regions and coastal plain are semi-arid. The Namib Desert occupies the coastal plain above Mocamedes.

38. Encyclopedia Article: Ethnicity And Identity In South Central Africa Wim van Binsbergen Ethnicity and identity South Central africa. This is whenthe ethnic identity becomes the focus of people’s experience of recent http://www.shikanda.net/ethnicity/encyclop.htm

by Wim van Binsbergen Ethnicity and identity in South Central Africa homepage © 1997-2002 Wim van Binsbergen [ van Binsbergen, W.M.J., 1997, ‘Ideology of ethnicity in Central Africa’, in: Middleton, J.M., ed., Encyclopaedia of Africa south of the Sahara, New York: Scribners, vol. 2, pp. 91-99] The point of departure: the actors’ ideology of ethnicity in central Africa today In the post-colonial nation-states of Central Africa today (from the equator to the Limpopo River), Black Africans identify as members of named categories designated ‘tribe’, ‘ethnic group’, or equivalents of these terms in African and European languages in local use. Such ethnic groups tend to be felt as a tangible reality. They are claimed to organize major aspects of the individual’s life in the field of language, expressive and ritual culture, kinship, production, and reproduction; allegiance and opposition in traditional and modern politics are considered to be largely determined along ethnic lines. The national territory is often seen as parceled up in contiguous sections each of which forms an ethnic group’s rural home area administered by a traditional ruler (chief, headman); the natural habitat of ethnic identity is therefore thought to be ‘the village home’, a category implying purity, meaningfulness and order. This view is largely nostalgic. Significant ethnic processes in Central Africa today evolve not only in rural context, but also in towns, bureaucracies and national political circles; they include born urbanites organizing themselves not in historic localized groups but through dyadic network contacts and formal organizations. Moreover, massive 20th-century social change in the rural areas has blurred the distinction between town and countryside.

39. Previous Prayers Paraguay We thank God for our distribution to people along the Paraguay River, We pray for the translations into the indigenous languages of Chiquitano http://www.biblesociety.ie/prayersprevious2.htm

February 2-8 Argentina : We suffered a recession during 2002: devaluation, unemployment and loss of savings and capital. The Bible Society, although affected, was able to continue the translations into Toba del Obeste, Toba Sur and Wichí. We pray that translation and distribution of the Word will continue. We also ask for wisdom, honesty and prudence for those who govern and for the people when they elect their next leaders. We are grateful for the volunteers and those who support the Bible cause. Paraguay : We thank God for our distribution to people along the Paraguay River, a collaborative project with government teachers and hygiene advisers. Pray for the funds to build a hospital-boat. We also thank him for the revision of the Guaraní Bible: may people value it for speaking their own language. The country is facing serious problems: may the people trust God more in seeking solutions. We pray for the children and young people using the Life of Jesus Portions in Spanish and Guaraní.

40. CIAO - Atlas - Angola The development of indigenous states, such as the Kongo Kingdom, In theprocess, they squeezed out the mestiços (people of mixed African and white http://www.ciaonet.org/atlas/countries/ao_data_loc.html

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