61. USA/Africa Dialogue, No. 232: Ayittey On Indigenous Values, Part 1 indigenous Curbs Against Despotism In the eyes of the Gikuyu people, the submissionto a African chief was expected to be humble toward his people but http://www.utexas.edu/conferences/africa/ads/232.html

Many folks from around the world have asked to know more about George Ayittey. For the benefits of those who rely on this Dialogue for information to teach and do research, I have been carrying some long articles. This is the minimum we owe others without access to information. In two parts, I will be excerpting a piece from Ayittey's book. NOTE : The following is excerpted from Indigenous African Institutions . If you want to send excepts of your piece abroad through this medium, seek the permission of your publishers and send it to me for circulation. There is a small reward: a small commercial will be posted as in the following. All Ayittey's books are available at http://www.amazon.com. [when school resumes, the volume of postings will reduce to let you all focus on other things] Indigenous Curbs Against Despotism In the eyes of the Gikuyu people, the submission to a despotic rule of any particular man or a group, white or black, is the greatest humiliation to mankind Jomo Kenyatta, late president of Kenya. Despotism and kleptocracy do not inhere in the nature of African cultures or in the African character; but they are now rife in what was

62. Program In Comparative Literature Faculty Work in progress “Debate on the Nature of the indigenous peoples of the New Graduate work at New York University in French and Francophone African http://www.utexas.edu/cola/depts/complit/faculty_staff/goto/faculty_staff/gscN_Z

Dr. Elizabeth Richmond-Garza, Chair :: Calhoun 217 Austin, TX 78712 :: (512) 471-1925 Home Contact Us About the Program Comparative Literature Faculty ... Print this Page Faculty Administrative Faculty Core Faculty Graduate Student Committee Faculty A-M Graduate Student Committee Faculty N-Z Members of the Graduate Student Committee N-Z SUSAN NAPIER (email: snapier@mail.utexas.edu Professor of Asian Studies . Graduate work Harvard. Languages: Japanese, French and English. Periods: Modern. Genres: Narrative and animation. Research Interests: Modern Japanese literature and culture, Japanese literature in translation, Japanese animation, cinema of the Apocalypse. Recent Publications: “Oe Kenzaburo to Haiburido Aidentichi” [ The Hybrid Identities of Oe Kenzaburo ], “The Frenzy of Metamorphosis: The Body in Japanese Pornographic Animation,” “’It’s the End of the World, You Know’: Apocalypse in Contemporary Japanese Culture,” “From Flying Women to Psychic Girls: Four Faces of the Young Female in Japanese Popular Culture,” The Subversion of Modernity: The Fantastic in Modern Japanese Literature Anime from Akira to Princess Mononoke: Experiencing Japanese Animation.

63. African Sculpture: Criteria And Among most African peoples, boysand in some cases girls-are sent away from with the name of a group, such as Kongo or luba, is therefore redundant. http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Sculpture/af_sculpt.html

African Sculpture: Criteria and Methods of Selection There are over eleven thousand objects in the sub-Saharan African collections of The University Museum of the University of Pennsylvania. Many are examples of material culture and ethnography- weapons, tools, textiles, utensils, implements, and undecorated items of daily use that have been acquired by purchase and gift since the end of the nineteenth century. However, also included among the collections are numerous art objects made for ceremonial, magical, and decorative purposes, and a selection of the best of them forms the subject of this exhibition. Some of these objects are well known, having been included in major exhibitions of African sculpture as early as 1935, when the Museum of Modern Art in New York mounted the great display "African Negro Art," which brought the works to the attention of visitors to American art museums for the first time (see Sweeney, 1935). Quite a few were published by The University Museum in its Journal and Bulletin between 1917 and 1945 in a series of articles written by Henry Usher Hall and Heinrich A. Wieschhoff, two Curators of the African collections. Many others remained in the storerooms from the day of their acquisition, never to be photographed or studied, let alone exhibited. The present selection emphasizes both familiar and unfamiliar African art treasures that are a part of this great museum's holdings. It was decided not to include examples of the court art from the Nigerian kingdom of Benin, which are also among the highlights of the museum's collections, both because the Philadelphia Museum of Art had shown the "Treasures of Ancient Nigeria" together with an exhibition of Nigerian art from The University Museum in 1982 and because the ivories and bronzes of this society form an expression of a very different nature than the wood carvings from the more indigenous cultures. Furthermore, The University Museum's Benin collections are comparatively well known, whereas much of what is presented here is in need of new exposure and updated research.

64. Bibliography On African Traditional Religion Human rights in African indigenous religion, Bulletin of Ecumenical Scriptures of African peoples The Sacred utterances of the Anlo, New York, 1973. http://www.afrikaworld.net/afrel/atr_bibliography.htm

Updated: 16 March, 2005 Abbink J., "Ritual and Environment: The Mósit ceremony of the Ethiopian Me'en people," Journal of Religion in Africa , "Reading the entrails: analysis of an African divination discourse", Man Abimbola W., "The Place of African Traditional Religion in Contemporary Africa: The Yoruba Example" in Olupona, ed. Kingship, Religion and Rituals in a Nigerian community: a phenomenological study of Ondo Yoruba festivals . Stockholm,1991, 51-58. Abrahamsson H., The Origin of Death, Studies in African Mythology, Studia Ethnographica Upsaliensia III, Uppsala, 1951. Acheampong S.O., "Reconstructing the structure of Akan traditional religion," Mission Ackah C. A., Akan Ethics. A Study of the Moral Ideasand the Moral Behaviour of the Akan Tribes of Ghana, Accra, 1988. Achebe Chinua, "Chi in Igbo Cosmology", in In Morning Yet on creation day, N.Y., 1975. Achebe Chinwe, The World of the Ogbanje, Enugu, 1986. Adagala K., "Mother Nature, Patriarchal Cosmology & Gender" in Gilbert E.M., ed. Nairobi: Masaki Publishers.1992, 47-65.

65. Hugh Tracey Recordings: Part 2 / RootsWorld Recording Review Southern Belgian Congo (Kanyok, lubaHasai, Luluwa, Songye, luba-Katanga, Council began encouraging the use of indigenous African musical instruments, http://www.rootsworld.com/reviews/tracey2.shtml

KANYOK AND LUBA OTHER MUSICS FROM ZIMBABWE Southern Rhodesia (Ndau, Sena Tonga, Shona) 1948, '49, '51, '57, '58, '63 SOUTHERN AND CENTRAL MALAWI Nyasaland (Mang'anja, Cewa, Yao) 1950, '57, '58 NORTHERN AND CENTRAL MALAWI Nyasaland (Tonga, Tumbukwa, Cewa) 1950, '57, '58 All titles published by SWP Records, The Netherlands Hugh Tracey (1903–1977) is one of the pillars of the discipline that still limps under the title of "ethnomusicology." Tracey's contributions as a primary researcher and field recorder are standing the test of time. His "Sound of Africa" series issued 210 recordings, published by the International Library of African Music (ILAM), which he had founded. These CDs are reissued recordings selected from that series and offer a glimpse of what has until now been mostly available only in academic archives. Tracey's work began with the Shona of Zimbabwe but expanded far beyond that region of Africa. It was a remarkable time for Africa, as it shifted or prepared to shift from its history as colonized territories. In their own way, Tracey's recordings also document the history of recording machines used for remote fieldwork. Tracey's first, in the 1930s, involved a clockwork-powered machine that cut a groove in an aluminum disc. Not till much later did he attain stereo recording capability with a Nagra. His microphone technique was to seek out the sound he wanted, hand holding the microphone to capture a spontaneous field mix that comes through superbly on these recordings. Tracey, it seems, sought to capture and document a cross-section of society in the tribal villages, schools, workplaces and anywhere else he found music. That wasn't always the most proficient performer.

66. GeographyIQ - World Atlas - Africa - Zambia - Historical Highlights The indigenous huntergatherer occupants of Zambia began to be displaced orabsorbed by the Zimbabwe African People s Union (ZAPU), the African National http://www.geographyiq.com/countries/za/Zambia_history_summary.htm

Home World Map Rankings Countries from A to Z A B C D ... Z Source: www.exchange-rates.org World Africa Zambia (Notes) Zambia - Historical Highlights (Notes) HISTORY The indigenous hunter-gatherer occupants of Zambia began to be displaced or absorbed by more advanced migrating tribes about 2,000 years ago. The major waves of Bantu-speaking immigrants began in the 15th century, with the greatest influx between the late 17th and early 19th centuries. They came primarily from the Luba and Lunda tribes of southern Democratic Republic of Congo and northern Angola but were joined in the 19th century by Ngoni peoples from the south. By the latter part of that century, the various peoples of Zambia were largely established in the areas they currently occupy. Except for an occasional Portuguese explorer, the area lay untouched by Europeans for centuries. After the mid-19th century, it was penetrated by Western explorers, missionaries, and traders. David Livingstone, in 1855, was the first European to see the magnificent waterfalls on the Zambezi River. He named the falls after Queen Victoria, and the Zambian town near the falls is named after him. In 1888, Cecil Rhodes, spearheading British commercial and political interests in Central Africa, obtained a mineral rights concession from local chiefs. In the same year, Northern and Southern Rhodesia (now Zambia and Zimbabwe, respectively) were proclaimed a British sphere of influence. Southern Rhodesia was annexed formally and granted self-government in 1923, and the administration of Northern Rhodesia was transferred to the British colonial office in 1924 as a protectorate.

67. Antiques, Regional Art, African, Artifacts On Trocadero Abstract, metal forms had intrinsic value to nonWesternized African peoples . luba figure of typical form decorated with stylized scarification in form http://www.trocadero.com/directory/Antiques:Regional_Art:African:Artifacts.html

Home Join Shops Map ... Help Antiques, Fine Art, Collectibles, Gifts Personalized Storefronts Directory Antiques Regional Art African : Artifacts advanced search SUBCATEGORIES An Mfunte Iron Spade-Form Currency Antiques Regional Art African ... Artifacts Pre 1900: item #449165 click for details Indigenous Fine Arts Truly an excellent example of the metal trade 'currency' used in sub-Saharan Africa before the widespread acceptance of European denominations. Created from iron, this design takes its inspiration from a hoe or spade used by farmers. Solely created to make major purchases (i.e.livestock, a bride, freedom for someone etc.),it could be melted down or reformed for other usage. Cameroon/Nigeria, ca. 19th century. In fine condition. 17.50"H. Ancient African Bronze Two Part Bracelet Antiques Regional Art African ... Artifacts Pre 1700: item #432529 click for details Daniel Bennett Shutt Antiques This Ancient African Heavy Bronze Bracelet has a wonderful legitimate verdigris surface (primarily undisturbed) that easily suggests its existence for centuries. The way that the two halves "clasp" is interesting. It measures 3 1/2" in outer diameter when joined. Respectfully, Daniel A pair of 19th century african carved ivory tusks Antiques Regional Art African ... Artifacts Pre 1900: item #431301 click for details BYGONE TRADING A good pair or african tribal carved ivory tusk, one is 41cm the other nearly 42cm. good mellow colour fantastic carving from the 19th century good condition.

68. Correctional Service Canada - International Indigenous Symposium On Corrections it must be stressed, similar to what is found elsewhere in africa. Nonregistered indigenous people from neighbouring countries are subject to the http://www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/forum/international/int_e-18_e.shtml

Organization Programs Public Awareness Partners ... Links Proactive Disclosure Contracts Reclassification To arrange a speaker for your next event... Receive e-mails about correctional topics Français Contact Us Help Search ... Careers Resources for: - Select One - Citizens' Advisory Committees Ethnoculture Families of Offenders Media Volunteers Some Aspects of Civil Liability in the Traditional Law of the Democratic Republic of Congo Paper Presented by Emmanuel Lussambo Attorney General Supreme Court of Justice INTRODUCTION I will be speaking today about some aspects of civil liability in the traditional law of the Democratic Republic of Congo. I will only be looking at some aspects because traditional law covers a broad range of traditions belonging to more than two hundred and fifty ethnic groups or tribes that make up the Congolese people, each of them having their own system for resolving problems. In the absence of a codification or exhaustive systematic studies of all the country's customs, traditional law can be understood only by focusing on those aspects that have been studied by a small group of well known researchers and authors including A. Sohier, E. Possoz, J. Vansina, E. Lamy, Cl. Mafema, and B. Kalongo Mbikayi. Moreover, because of time constraints at this symposium, it is obvious that I cannot present all aspects of traditional law. Thus I will consider only the following topics:

69. Oromia Online - Oromia And The Oromo People There are several groups of people in East africa very closely related to the The Dabballee are sons of the Gadaa class who are in power, the luba. http://www.oromia.org/OromiaBriefs/Oromo&Oromia.htm

Search this site for: Oromo Related Web Sites Sagalee Bilisummaa Oromoo Oromia Support Group (OSG) Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) Voice of America - Afaan Oromoo Other Links Sidama Liberation Front Sidama Concern Ogaden Online International News Stand BBC News Africa Daily Nation IRIN News VisAfric ... New York Times Oromia and the Oromo people The following summary information was adopted from the book by Gadaa Melbaa, Khartoum, Sudan 1988. Summary Information Overview The Oromo People Population ... References Summary Information People: Oromo Country: Oromia (also phonetically spelled as Oromiyaa) Area: 600,000 sq.km approx.

70. African Lesson Plans 1998 The people of western and central africa whose art is represented in the In the broad upland belt of central africa are located the Chokwe, luba, http://www.umfa.utah.edu/index.php?id=MTIz

71. Race And Ethnicity Blood Type Analysis - BloodBook.com, Blood Information For Li BLOOD TYPES OF RACE ETHNIC peoples BLOOD CHARACTERISTICS TEST RESULTS OF Liberia, indigenous African tribes 95% (including Kpelle, Bassa, Gio, Kru, http://www.bloodbook.com/race-eth.html

RACE and ETHNIC BLOOD TYPE ANALYSIS BLOODBOOK.COM TO HOME PAGE CLOSE WINDOW Racial and Ethnic Distribution of Blood Types African American Black Blood Donor Emergency COUNTRY RACIAL and/or ETHNIC ANALYSIS of PEOPLE GROUPS Afghanistan Pashtun 38%, Tajik 25%, Uzbek 6%, Hazara 19%, minor ethnic groups (Chahar Aimaks, Turkmen, Baloch, and others) Albania Albanian 95%, Greeks 3%, other 2%: Vlachs, Gypsies, Serbs, and Bulgarians Algeria Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1% Andorra Spanish 61%, Andorran 30%, French 6%, other 3% Angola Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, Mestico (mixed European and Native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22% Antigua black, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian (see Barbuda) Argentina European 97% (mostly of Spanish and Italian descent), 3% other (mostly Indian or Mestizo) Armenia Armenian 93%, Azeri 3%, Russian 2%, other (mostly Yezidi Kurds) 2% (1989) Note: as of the end of 1993, virtually all Azeris had emigrated from Armenia Australia Caucasian 95%, Asian 4%, aboriginal (353,000) and other 1%

72. TeacherSource . Recommended Books . Social Studies | PBS Global History of indigenous peoples From Prehistory to Age of Globalization, My Heroes, My People African Americans and Native Americans in the West http://www.pbs.org/teachersource/recommended/social_studies/bk_multicultural.sht

search options Friday, September 23, 2005 Recommended Books Archived Recommendations Multicultural Topics Algonquian Year: The Year According to the Full Moon, An By Michael McCurdy Published September 2000 Grade Level: PreK-2, 3-5 Children 4-8 and older will learn the cycle of hunting, planting, and harvesting followed by the Algonquian tribes from the Hard Times Moon of January to the Tomcod Moon of December. McCurdy's black and white scratchboard illustrations present the dominant activities for each moon. A Map shows the range of the Algonquian peoples. Alia's Mission: Saving the Books of Iraq By Mark Alan Stamaty Published December 2004 Grade Level: 3-5 Alia, a librarian in Basra, wants to save the books in her library. Once the Great Baghdad Library was burned by Mongol invaders, and now as coalition forces prepare to attack, she fears the destruction of her books. When her efforts to convince the Iraq government fail, she takes on the mission herself. This graphic novel celebrates a heroic librarian. America Is...

73. Zambia History They came primarily from the luba and Lunda tribes of southern Zaire and of Angola (UNITA) the Zimbabwe African People s Union (ZAPU) the African http://www.world66.com/africa/zambia/history

74. Login To BioOne The indigenous people of the study area are called Borana, the eldest branch of the Oromo is the largest ethnic group in eastern africa (Bassi 2003). http://www.bioone.org/bioone/?request=get-document&issn=0013-0001&volume=059&iss

75. FACT SHEET: Zambia At A Glance africa Fact Sheets, Zambia Fact Sheet. The indigenous huntergatherer occupantsof Zambia began to be displaced or absorbed by more advanced migrating http://deploymentlink.osd.mil/deploy/info/africa/zambia/index.shtml

FACT SHEET: Zambia at a Glance Background The indigenous hunter-gatherer occupants of Zambia began to be displaced or absorbed by more advanced migrating tribes about 2,000 years ago. The major waves of Bantu-speaking immigrants began in the 15th century, with the greatest influx between the late 17th and early 19th centuries. They came primarily from the Luba and Lunda tribes of southern Zaire and northern Angola but were joined in the 19th century by Ngoni peoples from the south. By the latter part of that century, the various people of Zambia were largely established in the areas they currently occupy. Except for an occasional Portuguese explorer, the area lay untouched by Europeans for centuries. After the mid-19th century, Western explorers, missionaries, and traders penetrated it. David Livingstone, in 1855, was the first European to see the magnificent waterfalls on the Zambezi River. He named the falls after Queen Victoria, and the Zambian town near the falls is named after him. In 1888, Cecil Rhodes, spearheading British commercial and political interests in Central Africa, obtained a mineral rights concession from local chiefs. In the same year, Northern and Southern Rhodesia (now Zambia and Zimbabwe) were proclaimed a British sphere of influence. Southern Rhodesia was annexed formally and granted self-government in 1923, and the administration of Northern Rhodesia was transferred to the British colonial office in 1924 as a protectorate.

76. Woodward, History Of Cartography 2.3, Excerpt In this book, which deals with the cartography of traditional African, American, picture of how indigenous peoples view and represent their worlds. http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/907287.html

Volume 2, Book 3 of the History of Cartography explores early mapping in African, American, Arctic, Australian, and Pacific societies. On the right we excerpt the introduction to the volume. Below you'll find links to additional resources for this book and the entire series. For more information on the coverage of this volume see the detailed table of contents. Visit the website for the History of Cartography Project at the University of Wisconsin. Published volumes in the History of Cartography series: Volume 1: Cartography in Prehistoric, Ancient, and Medieval Europe and the Mediterranean Volume 2, Book 1: Cartography in the Traditional Islamic and South Asian Societies Volume 2, Book 2: Cartography in the Traditional East and Southeast Asian Societies Volume 2, Book 3: Cartography in the Traditional African, American, Arctic, Australian, and Pacific Societies Forthcoming volumes Volume 3: Cartography in the European Renaissance Volume 4: Cartography in the European Enlightenment Volume 5: Cartography in the Nineteenth Century Volume 6: Cartography in the Twentieth Century More cartography books are available in our cartography and geography catalog.

77. Ninemsn Encarta - African Religions Great books about your topic, African Religions, selected by Encarta editors (see African Art and Architecture) indicate that the indigenous peoples of http://au.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_781538529/African_Religions.html

ninemsn Home Hotmail Search Shopping ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Further Reading Editors' choice for African Religions Encarta Search Search Encarta about African Religions Editors' Choice Great books about your topic, African Religions ... Click here Advertisement African Religions Encyclopedia Article Multimedia 6 items Article Outline Introduction The History of African Religions Creation Myths, the Supreme Being, and the Trickster The Lesser Gods and Destiny ... Traditional Religions in Africa Today I Introduction Print Preview of Section African Religions , the traditional religions of black Africa . They are referred to as traditional in the sense that they are indigenous and are defined by the language ( see African Languages ) and territory of their adherents. African religions may be counted in their thousands and interact closely with two of the so-called world religions, Christianity and Islam . Both of these have long been part of Africa’s religious history; as such they have undergone considerable localization and for these reasons could also be said to form part of the traditional religions of Africa. Small Jewish communities have also existed in Africa for centuries, mainly in North Africa and

78. ASCAC - African And African-American Studies Curriculum the impact of the encounters of Europeans with various indigenous peoplesacross the globe. The contemporary history of africa and african people, http://www.ascac.org/papers/africanandafrican.html

79. The Negro, By W.E.B. Du Bois: V. Guinea And Congo If ever a people exhibited unanswerable evidence of indigenous civilization, Meantime the lubaLunda people to the eastward founded Kantanga and other http://www.sacred-texts.com/afr/dbn/dbn07.htm

Sacred Texts Africa Index Previous ... Next p. 36 V GUINEA AND CONGO One of the great cities of the Sudan was Jenne. The chronicle says "that its markets are held every day of the week and its populations are very enormous. Its seven thousand villages are so near to one another that the chief of Jenne has no need of messengers. If he wishes to send a note to Lake Dibo, for instance, it is cried from the gate of the town and repeated from village to village, by which means it reaches its destination almost instantly." From the name of this city we get the modern name Guinea, which is used to-day to designate the country contiguous to the great gulf of that namea territory often referred to in general as West Africa. Here, reaching from the mouth of the Gambia to the mouth of the Niger, is a coast of six hundred miles, where a marvelous drama of world history has been enacted. The coast and its hinterland comprehends many well-known names. First comes ancient Guinea, then, modern Sierra Leone and Liberia; then follow the various "coasts" of ancient trafficthe grain, ivory, gold, and slave coastswith the adjoining territories of Ashanti, Dahomey, Lagos, and Benin, and farther back such tribal and territorial names as those of the Mandingoes, Yorubas, the Mossi, Nupe, Borgu, and others. p. 37

80. Congo (Zaire) Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 20%, Kimbanguist 10%, Muslim 10%, African 10% Other luba chiefs, including Lunda, settled among neighboring people and http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/countries/Congo_(Zaire).html

revised 15 October 1998 Congo (Zaire) Information Map of Congo (Zaire) with the peoples discussed in "Art and Life in Africa" CD-ROM General Information for Congo (Zaire) Country: Congo (Zaire) Location: Central Africa Independence: June 30, 1960 Nationality: Congolese Capital City: Kinshasa Population: Important Cities: Kisingani, Lubumbashi, Kolwesi Head of State: Lawrence Kabila Area: 2,345,410 sq.km. Type of Government: Dictatorship, presumably undergoing transition to Representative Government Currency: 4.5 CF=1 USD Major peoples: Azande, Chokwe ,Songo, Kongo ,Kuba,Lunda,Bembe Religion: Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 20%, Kimbanguist 10%, Muslim 10%, African 10% Climate: Equatorial Literacy: Official Language: French Principal Languages: Lingala, Azande, Chokwe, Kongo, Luba Major Exports: Copper, Cobalt, Diamonds, Crude Oil, Coffee Pre-Colonial History The precolonial past of Congo (Zaire) was complex. A diversity of social aggregates developed, ranging from small, autonomous groups of hunters and gatherers to centralized chiefdoms, from settled indigenous village communities to predominantly Muslim and Arab trading communities. Established in the late 1300s, the Kongo Kingdom expanded until the mid-17th century. The

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