101. "Free Market" - EU Integration Furthermore, unsound economic policies of the Lithuanian government have in somecases been prevented by possible criticism from the Commission. http://www.freema.org/NewsLetter/eu.integration/1999.5.prospects.phtml

NEWSLETTER OF THE LITHUANIAN FREE MARKET INSTITUTE Banking Corruption Employment Policy EU Integration ... Activities and Achievements Newsletter issues (PDF/Word): 2005 No. 2 2005 No. 1 2004 No. 4 2004 No. 3 2004 No. 2 2004 No. 1 2003 No. 4 2003 No. 3 2003 No. 2 2003 No. 1 2002 No. 4 2002 No. 3 2002 No. 2 2002 No. 1 Home Reproduction of articles is permitted, provided credit is given and copy of the reprinted material is sent to LFMI. To request permission to reprint THE FREE MARKET articles, please call or email LFMI. Previous issues of THE FREE MARKET are available at LFMI. Lithuania's Membership in the EU: Forecasts and Prospects By Ramûnas Vilpiðauskas Policy Analyst, LFMI "The Free Market", 1999 No. 5 On October 13, 1999, the European Commission recommended that accession negotiations with Lithuania, as well as other second group countries, be started. It is very likely that after the Helsinki summit endorses the proposals from the Commission actual membership negotiations between Lithuania and the EU will start in spring of 2000. And what comes next? An invitation to begin entry talks is, of course, very important from a political standpoint. On the other hand, the start of negotiations will place an additional burden on public administration in Lithuania, given that it is often unable to deal with integration-related tasks. This will be a true test of the capacities of public administration in Lithuania, especially its ability to co-ordinate the preparation of negotiation positions on separate chapters and to estimate the likely effects of assuming the obligations of EU membership.

102. Minorities At Risk (MAR) In response, the Lithuanian government used the help of the Soviet Russian The official relations between the Polish and Lithuanian governments remain http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/inscr/mar/data/litpole.htm

The Poles of Lithuania Country Population (U.S. Census Bureau estimate for 1998): 3.6 million Group Population: 252,000 Group Type: national minority Click here to view General Chronology Risk Assessment Poles living in Lithuania have virtually no risks of rebellion and only a small likelihood of protest at the moment. The current treatment of the group by the government is generally positive. The widely inclusive nature of Lithuanian law has placed many ethnic Poles in political office throughout Lithuania. Still, some Polish groups (e.g. Union of Poles in Vilnius) continue to cite Lithuanian policies and practices, which they believe are discriminatory. Tensions are present, but are not generally considered to be high. Several factors combine which seem to diminish the threat that this problem would escalate in the near future, however. Chief among these are the relatively good Lithuanian economy, the good state of Polish-Lithuanian government relations, and the large number of Polish-Lithuanians in the parliament and local governments which have a considerable stake in the present government. Overall, Lithuanian law is widely considered the most liberal of the Baltics by international observers with regard to minority rights, and the Polish minority is well represented in both political and social organizations. In addition, Lithuania continues to make significant progress in consolidating its democracy and strengthening its economy, which again, decreases the motivation for rebellious action.

103. Minorities At Risk (MAR) In response, the Lithuanian government used the help of the Soviet Russiangovernment in evicting the Poles from the Vilnius region. http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/inscr/mar/data/litruss.htm

The Russians of Lithuania Country Population: 3,600,000 (1998 estimate, U.S. Census Bureau) Group Population: 313,000 (8.7%) Group Type: national minority Click here to view General Chronology Risk Assessment Russians living in Lithuania have virtually no risks of rebellion and only a small likelihood of protest. One factor, contributing to this situation is the fact that the group seems to lack important organizational prerequisites needed for collective action. Russians in Lithuania are geographically dispersed (GROUPCON = 0) and they appear to lack political unity and organization. More importantly, however, the current treatment of the group by the government is largely positive. Possible problems do loom, however, with the April 1994 decision by the Lithuanian Constitutional Court rendering null and void a law offering citizenship to retired ex-Soviet military personnel. Also a law passed in 1998 prohibiting former KGB employees from holding a number of different jobs in Lithuania, and the continual persecution of all Russians suspected of involvement in the political events that transpired in 1991 in Vilnius create tension between Russians and Lithuanians. Finally, strains in the relationship between Lithuania and the Russian Federation vis a vis Kaliningrad could create volatile political situation, hurting the ethnic relations between Lithuanians and Lithuanian Russians. Analytic Summary

104. HSW The Lithuanian government tried to justify the action by claiming that these The Lithuanian government maintains that the mistaken rehabilitation of war http://www.hrw.org/reports/1992/WR92/HSW-03.htm

Home News Releases About HRW Get Involved ... RSS ESTONIA, LATVIA AND LITHUANIA Human Rights Developments After more than fifty years of rule by the Soviet government, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania gained international recognition as independent, sovereign states in late August 1991. The Kremlin followed suit on September 6. All three new nations were admitted to the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) and participated in the Moscow CSCE conference in September. In October, they were admitted to the United Nations, and later that month they became associate members of NATO. The Baltic states quickly made their presence felt on the international human rights scene. For example, Lithuania expressed its interest in ratifying the U.N. Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Estonia acceded in December to the optional protocol of that covenant, thereby allowing reporting of individual violations to the U.N. Human Rights Committee. In May 1990, before international recognition of its independent status, the Latvian government acceded to some 50 international treaties, including those on human rights. An important human rights issue in all three Baltic states is the status of national minorities who were Soviet citizens when the Soviet Union was a single political entity. Many of these minorities may have to fulfill new naturalization requirements to become citizens of the states in which they reside. Proposed new citizenship laws became the focus of intense debate. These questions reached a head in fall of 1991 when all three Baltic states issued new laws or official guidelines on citizenship.

105. The History Of The Lithuanian Embassy Building In Washington D The Lithuanian government set up information bureaus in Switzerland and the He was followed by a special Lithuanian government mission in 1919 led by http://www.ltembassyus.org/about/history_of_the_lithuanian_embass.htm

The History of the Lithuanian Embassy Building in Washington D.C The mansion on the Sixteenth Street owned by the Lithuanian Embassy since 1924 is the building longest owned without interruption by a single embassy in Washington, D.C. Designed by architect George Oakley Totten, Jr. it was built on behalf of Mary Foote Henderson in 1909 as part of the original Embassy Row. Due to the United States' non-recognition of Lithuania's occupation by the Soviet Union the Legation continued to function and the building stood for many years as a symbol of Lithuania's statehood. By Alfonsas Eidintas The ornate Italian-style building that is now the Embassy of Lithuania was one of several properties owned by Senator John B. Henderson and his wife Mary Foote Henderson, and built especially for the diplomatic row of Sixteenth Street around the turn of the century. Construction of this specific building was finished in 1909, and over the next 15 years it was rented to diplomats of various countries. Lithuania purchased the building in 1924 for $90,000. Mary Foote Henderson had a grand vision of transforming the 2200 block of Sixteenth Street into "Embassy Hill near the Meridian Heights." Her husband died in 1913, leaving her substantial wealth. Fascinated with architecture, she sent sketches of buildings to her favorite architect George Oakley Totten, Jr. After building an embassy for France, Mrs. Henderson built embassies for Ecuador, Spain, Mexico, Cuba, Poland, Lithuania and Holland. Many of these buildings included interior decor that was native to each country.

106. The Avalon Project : Nazi-Soviet Relations 1939-1941 - The Reich Foreign Ministe Please now, on your part, inform the Lithuanian government, orally and in You are now authorized to make it known to the Lithuanian government that the http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/nazsov/ns101.htm

The Avalon Project at Yale Law School The Reich Foreign Minister to the German Ambassador in the Soviet Union, (Schulenburg) Previous Document Nazi-Soviet Relations Page Next Document Telegram VERY URGENT BERLIN, October 5, 1939-3:43 a. m. Received Moscow, October 5, 1939-11:55 a. m. STRICTLY SECRET No. 497 of October 4 Referring to today's telephonic communication from the Ambassador. Legation in Kowno is being instructed as follows: 1) Solely for your personal information, I am apprising you of the following: At the time of the signing of the German-Russian Non-aggression Pact on August 23 , a strictly secret delimitation of the respective spheres of influence in Eastern Europe was also undertaken. In accordance therewith, Lithuania was to belong to the German sphere of influence, while in the territory of the former Polish state, the so-called Four-River Line, Pissa-Narew-Vistula-San, was to constitute the border. Even then I demanded that the district of Vilna go to Lithuania, to which the Soviet Government consented. At the negotiations concerning the Boundary and Friendship Treaty on September 28 , the settlement was amended to the extent that Lithuania, including the Vilna area, was included in the Russian sphere of influence, for which in turn, in the Polish area, the province of Lublin and large portions of the province of Warsaw, including the pocket of territory of Suwalki, fell within the German sphere of influence. Since, by the inclusion of the Suwalki tract in the German sphere of influence, a difficulty in drawing the border line resulted, we agreed that in case the Soviets should take special measures in Lithuania, a small strip of territory in the southwest of Lithuania, accurately marked on the map, should fall to Germany.

107. Renaldas Gudauskas. Elektroninës Valdþios Kûrimo Strategijos Lietuvoje In December of year 2002 Lithuanian government has approved egovernment Concept . Lithuanian government assumes that e-government is impossible without http://www.leidykla.vu.lt/inetleid/inf-mok/25/str2.html

Renaldas Gudauskas Institute of Knowledge Management of Faculty of Communication, Vilnius University, Professor, Doctor Tel. 3702 66 38 28 E-mail: renaldas.gudauskas@kf.vu.lt In December of year 2002 Lithuanian Government has approved e-Government Concept. The objective of e-Government Concept is to develop effective means that will allow adapting public administration to modern needs. To analyse and reform decision-making process in the degree that public administration should suit the modern Knowledge Management. Introduction (Current situation) The public administration sector has been the target of much criticism all over the world. The reason is the same everywhere – taxpayers want to see the efficiently functioning and cheaper executive power. This will of Lithuanian citizens is pronounced more clearly as the bureaucracy is still deeply rooted in the society. In year 2000, Computer Associates made an assessment of the Lithuanian e-Government Project and formulated 7 basic initiatives for the implementation of the project (e-laboration of the e-Government portal concept, the information security strategy, the concepts of register integration, documentation flows and project management, the IT organisational strategy as well as establishment of a central IT institution for the e-Government Project). The Development of the Information society is one of the main priorities in the Programme of the new Government of the Republic of Lithuania, which started its activities in July of 2001.

108. Governments On The WWW: Latvia Links to websites of governmental institutions and political parties in Latvia. http://www.gksoft.com/govt/en/lv.html

Governments on the WWW: Latvia Home Table of Contents List of Countries Signs and Symbols ... Feedback Latvia [ Latvija ] Official language: Latvian National Institutions: Latvijas Valsts Prezidenta Kanceleja [State Chancellery of the President of Latvia] Saeima [Parliament] Ministru Kabinets [Cabinet of Ministers] Zemkopibas Ministrija [Ministry of Agriculture] [Ministry of Culture] Aizsardzibas Ministrija [Ministry of Defence] Ekonomikas Ministrija [Ministry of Economy] Centrala Statistikas Parvalde [Central Statistical Bureau] Latvijas Nacionalais Akreditacijas Birojs (LATAK) [Latvian National Accreditation Office] Latvijas Nacionalais Metrolooijas Centrs [Latvian National Metrology Centre] Latvijas Attistibas Agentura (LAA) [Latvian Development Agency] Latvijas Privatizacijas Agentura (LPA) [Latvian Privatization Agency] Sabiedrisko Pakalpojumu Regulesanas Komisija (SPRK) [Public Utilities Regulation Commission] [Housing Privatization Central Commission] Izglitibas un Zinatnes Ministrija [Ministry of Education and Science] Latvijas Sporta Parvalde [Latvian Sports Department] Vides Aizsardzibas un Regionalas Attistibas Ministrija [Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development] Latvijas Hidrometeorologijas Parvalde (HMP) [Latvian Hydrometeorological Agency] Valsts Geologijas Dienests (VGD) [Latvian Geological Service] Latvian Tourist Board Finansu Ministrija [Ministry of Finance] Valsts Ienemumu Dienests [State Revenue Service] Valsts Kase [State Treasury] Apdrosinasanas Uzraudzibas Inspekcija (AUI) [Insurance Supervision Inspectorate]

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