61. AllRefer.com - Libya - Government And Politics In Libya | Libyan Information Res allRefer Reference provides detailed information on this topic. Browse throughthis article and follow related links for complete research. http://reference.allrefer.com/country-guide-study/libya/libya90.html

You are here allRefer Reference Libya History ... Libya Libya Government and Politics SWEEPING AND FUNDAMENTAL changes were introduced in Libya after Colonel Muammar al Qadhafi and his Free Officers Movement overthrew the Sanusi monarchy on September 1, 1969, and proclaimed the "Green Revolution." Because of the many radical and experimental policies that Qadhafi has tried to implement in Libya, he has been described frequently as a mercurial and quixotic leader. But while Qadhafi's policy making has been unpredictable, it has not been random or capricious. Rather, Qadhafi's political behavior has been dictated by his own elaborate and evolving normative political ideology, which he set forth in his three-volume The Green Book The essence of Qadhafi's philosophy is the Third Universal Theory, so-called because it is intended to be an alternative to capitalism and Marxism. The theory calls for the institution in Libya of what Qadhafi calls "direct democracy." In a direct democracy, as envisaged by Qadhafi, citizens govern themselves through grass-roots activism without the mediation or intervention of state institutions or other organizational hierarchies in the military, tribes, ulama, or intelligentsia. In an effort to implement direct democracy, Qadhafi altered or dismantled governmental and social structures. He launched a Cultural Revolution in 1973, instituted "people's power" in 1975, and proclaimed that Libya was a "state of the masses" in 1977. Finally, to emphasize his policy of decentralization, Qadhafi relinquished his own formal governmental position in 1979 and insisted he be referred to simply as "Leader of the Revolution."

62. GeographyIQ - World Atlas - Africa - Libya - Government And Political Conditions libya government and Political Conditions. In the 1980s, competition grewbetween the official libyan government and military hierarchies and the http://www.geographyiq.com/countries/ly/Libya_government_summary.htm

Home World Map Rankings Countries from A to Z A B C D ... Z Source: www.exchange-rates.org World Africa Libya (Notes) Libya - Government and Political Conditions (Notes) GOVERNMENT AND POLITICAL CONDITIONS Libya’s political system is theoretically based on the political philosophy in Qadhafi’s Green Book, which combines socialist and Islamic theories and rejects parliamentary democracy and political parties. In reality, Qadhafi exercises near total control over the government. For the first seven years following the revolution, Colonel Qadhafi and 12 fellow army officers, the Revolutionary Command Council, began a complete overhaul of Libya’s political system, society and economy. In 1973, he announced the start of a 'cultural revolution' in schools, businesses, industries, and public institutions to oversee administration of those organizations in the public interest. On March 3, 1977, Qadhafi convened a General People's Congress (GPC) to proclaim the establishment of 'people's power,' change the country's name to the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, and to vest, theoretically, primary authority in the GPC. The GPC is the legislative forum that interacts with the General People's Committee, whose members are secretaries of Libyan ministries. It serves as the intermediary between the masses and the leadership and is composed of the secretariats of some 600 local 'basic popular congresses.' The GPC secretariat and the cabinet secretaries are appointed by the GPC secretary general and confirmed by the annual GPC congress. These cabinet secretaries are responsible for the routine operation of their ministries, but Qadhafi exercises real authority directly or through manipulation of the peoples and revolutionary committees.

63. GeographyIQ - World Atlas - Africa - Libya - Government Facts And Figures government and political information for libya. head of government Secretaryof the General People s Committee (Prime Minister) Shukri Muhammad GHANIM http://www.geographyiq.com/countries/ly/Libya_government.htm

Home World Map Rankings Countries from A to Z A B C D ... Z Source: www.exchange-rates.org World Africa Libya (Facts) Libya - Government (Facts) Country name: conventional long form: Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya conventional short form: Libya local short form: none local long form: Al Jumahiriyah al Arabiyah al Libiyah ash Shabiyah al Ishtirakiyah al Uzma Government type: Jamahiriya (a state of the masses) in theory, governed by the populace through local councils; in fact, a military dictatorship Capital: Tripoli Administrative divisions: 25 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ajdabiya, Al 'Aziziyah, Al Fatih, Al Jabal al Akhdar, Al Jufrah, Al Khums, Al Kufrah, An Nuqat al Khams, Ash Shati', Awbari, Az Zawiyah, Banghazi, Darnah, Ghadamis, Gharyan, Misratah, Murzuq, Sabha, Sawfajjin, Surt, Tarabulus, Tarhunah, Tubruq, Yafran, Zlitan; note - the 25 municipalities may have been replaced by 13 regions Independence: 24 December 1951 (from Italy) National holiday: Revolution Day, 1 September (1969) Constitution: 11 December 1969, amended 2 March 1977

64. Law Firms In Libya - Government Law Firms in libya government Find Law Firms in libya by Location and Area ofPractice. http://www.hierosgamos.org/hg/db_lawfirms.asp?action=search&subcategory=Governme

65. Law Firms In Libya - Government Procurement Law Firms in libya government Procurement Find Law Firms in libya by Locationand Area of Practice. http://www.hierosgamos.org/hg/db_lawfirms.asp?action=search&subcategory=Governme

66. WoYaa!: COUNTRIES/LIBYA/GOVERNMENT Home COUNTRIES libya government. LINKS OnLine Resources Related tolibya at the University of Pennsylvania http://www.woyaa.com/links/COUNTRIES/LIBYA/GOVERNMENT/

Web Calendar Forums Classifieds ... LOGIN Looking for something in particular? the entire directory only this category More search options Home COUNTRIES LIBYA : GOVERNMENT LINKS: Pages: 1 Find Out More About Libya pop On-Line Resources Related to Libya at the University of Pennsylvania http://www.geocities.com/Athens/8744/mylinks1.htm (Added: Sun Aug 04 2002 Hits: 60 Rating: 0.00 Votes: 0) Rate It Review It Send this link to a friend! ROBINETTERIE EUROALFI FAUCETS pop Entreprise de fabruication de robinetterie sanitaire de la marque ALFI http://www.geocities.com/euroalfi (Added: Fri Dec 15 2000 Hits: 78 Rating: 0.00 Votes: 0) Rate It Review It Send this link to a friend! 'Libya offer to manage Disi-Amman water conveyance system rejected' 'Libya offer to manage Disi-Amman water conveyance system rejected' http://www.jordanembassyus.org/04282000002.htm (Added: Sun May 11 2003 Hits: 22 Rating: 1.00 Votes: 1) Rate It Review It Send this link to a friend! (02/09/2000) Décès de l'ambassadeur de Libye: le PM réagit avec (02/09/2000) Décès de l'ambassadeur de Libye: le PM réagit avec http://www.beafrica-opinions.com/depeches/depeches11.htm

67. WoYaa!: COUNTRIES/LIBYA/GOVERNMENT libya offer to manage Disi-Amman water conveyance system rejected http://www.woyaa.com/linksfr/PAYS/LIBYE/GOUVERNEMENT/

Web Calendrier Forums Vos liens Favoris ... Login Faîtes votre recherche plus d'options Home PAYS LIBYE : GOUVERNEMENT LIENS: Pages: 1 Find Out More About Libya pop On-Line Resources Related to Libya at the University of Pennsylvania http://www.geocities.com/Athens/8744/mylinks1.htm (Date d'ajout: Sun Aug 04 2002 Hits: 61 Rang: 0.00 Votes: 0) Donnez une note ajoutez votre commentaire envoyer ce lien à un ami! ROBINETTERIE EUROALFI FAUCETS pop Entreprise de fabruication de robinetterie sanitaire de la marque ALFI http://www.geocities.com/euroalfi (Date d'ajout: Fri Dec 15 2000 Hits: 78 Rang: 0.00 Votes: 0) Donnez une note ajoutez votre commentaire envoyer ce lien à un ami! 'Libya offer to manage Disi-Amman water conveyance system rejected' 'Libya offer to manage Disi-Amman water conveyance system rejected' http://www.jordanembassyus.org/04282000002.htm (Date d'ajout: Sun May 11 2003 Hits: 22 Rang: 1.00 Votes: 1) Donnez une note ajoutez votre commentaire envoyer ce lien à un ami! (02/09/2000) Décès de l'ambassadeur de Libye: le PM réagit avec (02/09/2000) Décès de l'ambassadeur de Libye: le PM réagit avec http://www.beafrica-opinions.com/depeches/depeches11.htm

68. WorldLII - Categories - Countries - Libya - Government Legal directory and search engine legislation, case-law, journals, law reform,by country and subject. http://www.worldlii.org/catalog/55450.html

Contributors: Databases Recent Additions Translate Add a Link ... Libya Find any of these words all of these words this phrase this document title this Boolean query World Law Help Boolean Operators Search: All WorldLII Catalog All WorldLII Databases Law on Google Central Bank of Libya Search Official website General Board of Ownership, Transfer of Public Companies and Economical Units (GBOT) Search Official website WorldLII: Feedback URL: http://www.worldlii.org/catalog/55450.html Generated: Fri Sep 23 02:54:00 2005

69. WorldLII - Categories - Countries - Libya - Inter-Government Organisations Legal directory and search engine legislation, case-law, journals, law reform,by country and subject. http://www.worldlii.org/catalog/55227.html

Contributors: Databases Recent Additions Translate Add a Link ... Libya Find any of these words all of these words this phrase this document title this Boolean query World Law Help Boolean Operators Search: All WorldLII Catalog All WorldLII Databases Law on Google African Union (AU) Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD) League of Arab States Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) ... Union du Maghreb Arabe (UMA) WorldLII: Feedback URL: http://www.worldlii.org/catalog/55227.html Generated: Fri Sep 23 02:53:59 2005

70. Libya - Government SWEEPING AND FUNDAMENTAL changes were introduced in libya after Colonel advocated dismantling the structure of government, in reality libya in 1987 had http://countrystudies.us/libya/66.htm

Government Libya Table of Contents SWEEPING AND FUNDAMENTAL changes were introduced in Libya after Colonel Muammar al Qadhafi and his Free Officers Movement overthrew the Sanusi monarchy on September 1, 1969, and proclaimed the "Green Revolution." Because of the many radical and experimental policies that Qadhafi has tried to implement in Libya, he has been described frequently as a mercurial and quixotic leader. But while Qadhafi's policy making has been unpredictable, it has not been random or capricious. Rather, Qadhafi's political behavior has been dictated by his own elaborate and evolving normative political ideology, which he set forth in his three-volume The Green Book The striking innovation in the Libyan political system since Qadhafi came to power resulted from his desire to replace subnational traditional leaders with administrators with the skills needed to modernize the country. The changes were also ostensibly intended to foster egalitarianism, mass mobilization, revolutionary commitment, public participation, and self-determination among Libyan citizens. From a pragmatic perspective, however, the changes served primarily to undermine the authority of traditional or alternate elite groups that posed a potential challenge to Qadhafi's leadership. It is ironic, then, that the changes intended to enfranchise the citizenry have instead served primarily to bolster Qadhafi's personal power by diminishing governmental checks and balances on his executive power and eliminating all other power bases. In 1987 there was little doubt that Qadhafi remained the country's strongman, the fulcrum of power, and the single most important figure in Libya.

71. Libya - GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS libya. government AND POLITICS. Form Jamahiriya (newly coined Arabic word,roughly translated as state of the masses, people s power, or people s http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-8115.html

Country Listing Libya Table of Contents Libya GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS Form: Jamahiriya (newly coined Arabic word, roughly translated as "state of the masses," "people's power," or "people's authority"). Nearest English equivalent is "republic." In late 1987, de facto head of state and government and commander in chief of armed forces was Colonel Muammar al Qadhafi, who led 1969 Revolution against Sanusi monarchy. Application of his innovative and revolutionary Arab-socialist philosophy to Libyan nation has resulted in fundamental changes in political representation, property ownership, legal system, and commercial transactions. Executive and Legislature: General People's Congress (GPC), both an executive and legislative body that convenes several times annually, primary formal instrument of government; membership of more than 1,000 delegates drawn from subnational-level people's committees, people's congresses, and revolutionary committees. Leadership of GPC vested in General Secretariat headed by secretary general, official chief of state. Cabinet functions performed by national-level General People's Committee. Subnational Governmental Divisions: After Governorates abolished in 1975, Libya divided into between seven and ten military districts (number varies with frequent reorganizations). Each military district divided into several municipalities, subdivided into villages or urban wards.

72. Libya - Summary And Trends In 1987 The most recent government shuffle, taking place in early March 1987, entailed the and selfrepresentation in libya s government have increased, http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-8209.html

Country Listing Libya Table of Contents Libya Summary and Trends in 1987 Despite the fact that Qadhafi has established an elaborate and complex system of overlapping institutions to foster public representation and "direct democracy," the Libyan regime in 1987 was still controlled by a small group of powerful men. Although no official leadership hierarchy delineated the relative power of these top leaders, Colonel Muammar al Qadhafi was de facto chief of state without holding such a title. He remained the primary decision maker and continued to act as the supreme commander of the armed forces, the Leader of the Revolution, and its founding father and foremost theoretician. Dr. Miftah al Usta Umar, Secretary of the General People's Congress, theoretically served as the chief of state. Abdel Salaam Jallud continued to be identified as Libya's number two man, despite doubts raised by his three-month stay in Syria. His return to Libya in early March 1987, however, indicated that rumors of a rift with Qadhafi were exaggerated. The most recent government shuffle, taking place in early March 1987, entailed the replacement of Jadallah Azzuz at Talhi as Secretary General of the General People's Committee (a position corresponding to prime minister). His successor, Umar al Muntasir, who served previously as secretary of industries, was little known outside Libya. The Libyan news agency JANA announced that Talhi had replaced Kamal Hassan Mansur as secretary of foreign liaison (corresponding to foreign minister).

73. Libya : Government And Politics Front Page libya government and Politics. Links Encyclopaedia Atlas AlgeriaEgypt libya Mauritania Morocco Tunisia Sudan Reader Ads. Click Here http://lexicorient.com/lib_gov.htm

Front Page Libya : Government and Politics Links Algeria Egypt Libya Mauritania Morocco Tunisia Sudan Reader Ads var sc_project=447229; var sc_partition=2; var sc_project=447729; var sc_partition=2;

74. Libya - GOVERNMENT On March 2, 1977, in a novel approach to democratic government, libya adopted The libyan governmentowned libyan Arab Foreign Investment Company agreed http://www.mongabay.com/reference/country_studies/libya/GOVERNMENT.html

COUNTRY STUDIES Libya - GOVERNMENT Libya - Government Libya SWEEPING AND FUNDAMENTAL changes were introduced in Libya after Colonel Muammar al Qadhafi and his Free Officers Movement overthrew the Sanusi monarchy on September 1, 1969, and proclaimed the "Green Revolution." Because of the many radical and experimental policies that Qadhafi has tried to implement in Libya, he has been described frequently as a mercurial and quixotic leader. But while Qadhafi's policy making has been unpredictable, it has not been random or capricious. Rather, Qadhafi's political behavior has been dictated by his own elaborate and evolving normative political ideology, which he set forth in his three-volume The Green Book The striking innovation in the Libyan political system since Qadhafi came to power resulted from his desire to replace subnational traditional leaders with administrators with the skills needed to modernize the country. The changes were also ostensibly intended to foster egalitarianism, mass mobilization, revolutionary commitment, public participation, and self-determination among Libyan citizens. From a pragmatic perspective, however, the changes served primarily to undermine the authority of traditional or alternate elite groups that posed a potential challenge to Qadhafi's leadership. It is ironic, then, that the changes intended to enfranchise the citizenry have instead served primarily to bolster Qadhafi's personal power by diminishing governmental checks and balances on his executive power and eliminating all other power bases. In 1987 there was little doubt that Qadhafi remained the country's strongman, the fulcrum of power, and the single most important figure in Libya.

75. ArabBay.com: Arab Countries/Libya/Government government. libya. • Mauritania. • Morocco. • Oman. • Palestine. • Qatar.• Saudi. • Somalia Home Arab Countries libya government http://www.arabbay.com/Arab_Countries/Libya/Government/

Home Add site Modify Site New Sites ... Yemen Worth a Click Free Stuff Gallery More Free Offers All Newspapers Feed Back ... Special Rates on Phone Cards to Call the Arab World All Directory This Category Advance Options... ArabBay - Your Gateway to the Arab World!! Home ... Libya : Government Categories Agencies Embassies Military Ministries ... Politics Visit our Sponsors All Directory This Category Advance Options... Check Out Hosting Plans Newsletter Phone Cards Cool Offers Stay informed of new addition to ArabBay Subscribe Remove Newsletter Sign Up! On The Menu Hosting World Media Top Rated What's Cool ... Link to us Partners Corporate Info. About ArabBay Link to us Advertise Privacy Policy Worth a Visit Home Add site Modify Site New Sites ... info@arabbay.com

76. ArabBay.com: Arab Countries/Libya/Government/Law & Order libya. • Mauritania. • Morocco. • Oman. • Palestine. • Qatar. • Saudi. • Somalia Home Arab Countries libya government Law Order http://www.arabbay.com/Arab_Countries/Libya/Government/Law___Order/

Home Add site Modify Site New Sites ... Yemen Worth a Click Free Stuff Gallery More Free Offers All Newspapers Feed Back ... Special Rates on Phone Cards to Call the Arab World All Directory This Category Advance Options... ArabBay - Your Gateway to the Arab World!! Home ... Government Visit our Sponsors All Directory This Category Advance Options... Check Out Hosting Plans Newsletter Phone Cards Cool Offers Stay informed of new addition to ArabBay Subscribe Remove Newsletter Sign Up! On The Menu Hosting World Media Top Rated What's Cool ... Link to us Partners Corporate Info. About ArabBay Link to us Advertise Privacy Policy Worth a Visit Home Add site Modify Site New Sites ... info@arabbay.com

77. TRAVEL.com ® RegionalAfricaLibyaGovernment TRAVEL.com local travel guides, low fares for airline tickets, hotels reservations,car rentals, travel deals, cruises and vacation packages, weather. http://www.travel.com/Regional/Africa/Libya/Government/

78. Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahirya Republic In 1951 libya s government came under rule by the military who set up the Under Qaddifi libya s government set up laws that were part socialist and part http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0212088/Libya.htm

Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahirya Republic Current President Col. Muammar Abu Minyar al-QADHAFI Capital Tripoli Land Libya's land is separated into three zones, but is mostly barren and desert -like. In the north there are low-lying coastal plains called Jifarah. To the south of Jifarah there is a mountain zone called Jabal. A desert zone called Fazzan is on a plateau that has some oasis across it. Land Features Jifarah Jabal al Akhdar Fazzan Gulf of Sidra Borders Algeria along the west Tunisia along the northwest Mediteranian Sea along the north Egypt along the east Sudan along the southeast Chad and Niger along the south Climate Libya has a Mediterranean climate along the coast and a dry, extreme desert climate away from the coast. Population 5,248,000 (1995 census) People At one time the Berbers were part of Libya's main ethnic group, but the people of Libya are now mostly Arabic. There are a few groups of Berbers still in Libya. They live in the Fazzan region of the country. These Berbers are a mixed race of Berber and black Africans. There are many small groups of people who are descendants of Italians, Greeks, Maltese, Egyptians, Pakistanis, Turks, Indians, and Tunisians. Immigrants come into the country to work in agriculture and industry jobs because there is a shortage of those kinds of workers. The people of Libya speak Arabic, Italian, and English.

79. Libya Travel Information | Lonely Planet Destination Guide In practice, however, libya s government was and remains a strict militarydictatorship. Almost wholly foreignowned and controlled at the time of King http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/africa/libya/history.htm

@import "/worldguide/css/dmStyle.css"; @import "/worldguide/css/dmStyle_structure.css"; @import "/worldguide/css/dmStyle_theme.css"; worldguide shop thorn tree forum travel services ... travel links Explore Libya Libya Desert sands on your left, Cosmopolitans by the sea on your right. View Map Click here Feature Attraction Cyrene Second in importance only to Leptis Magna, Cyrene is a must see. It ranks as the best preserved... more > WORLDGUIDE Introduction See Image Gallery Transport Money Essential Info RELATED Thorn Tree Forum Postcards Travel Links At a Glance Fast Facts Libya's not all date palms and deserts, but if shifting sands and camel trains are your thing, Libya's got desert for days, and a quick jaunt down into the Fezzan will take you boldly where nomad has gone before. And despite its scary reputation, most people have a grand old time. Travel Services Flights Hostels Hotels ... Travel Insurance lonely planet 2005 about us privacy contact us worldguide ... travel links

80. Libya Travel Information | Lonely Planet Destination Guide In practice, however, libya s government was and remains a strict military A car ferry operated by the libyan government shipping line did sail http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/africa/libya/printable.htm

@import "/worldguide/css/dmStyle.css"; @import "/worldguide/css/dmStyle_structure.css"; @import "/worldguide/css/dmStyle_theme.css"; worldguide shop thorn tree forum travel services ... travel links Explore Libya Libya Desert sands on your left, Cosmopolitans by the sea on your right. View Map Click here Feature Attraction Jebel Acacus The Jebel Acacus is an other-wordly landscape of dark basalt monoliths rising up from the sands... more > WORLDGUIDE Introduction See Image Gallery Transport Money Essential Info RELATED Thorn Tree Forum Postcards Travel Links At a Glance Fast Facts Libya's not all date palms and deserts, but if shifting sands and camel trains are your thing, Libya's got desert for days, and a quick jaunt down into the Fezzan will take you boldly where nomad has gone before. And despite its scary reputation, most people have a grand old time. Travel Services Flights Hostels Hotels ... Travel Insurance lonely planet 2005 about us privacy contact us worldguide ... travel links

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 4     61-80 of 112    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | Next 20