1. Lebanon Travel Information | Lonely Planet Destination Guide History. Lebanon was the biblical land of milk and honey , and conquerors have always been attracted to its abundant natural resources, the safe anchorages http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/middle_east/lebanon/history.htm

@import "/worldguide/css/dmStyle.css"; @import "/worldguide/css/dmStyle_structure.css"; @import "/worldguide/css/dmStyle_theme.css"; worldguide shop thorn tree forum travel services ... travel links Explore Lebanon Lebanon There's more to this place than ancient ruins and really good almond pastries. View Map Click here Feature Attraction Aanjar Aanjar is Lebanon's best-preserved Islamic archaeological site and is the only significant Umayyad... more > WORLDGUIDE Introduction See Image Gallery Transport Money Essential Info RELATED Thorn Tree Forum Postcards Travel Links At a Glance Fast Facts Lebanon packs a lot into its modest borders: ancient cities, Roman ruins, luxurious ski resorts, bucolic charm and Islamic architecture are just the start. Lebanon is culturally rich too, with a religious and social diversity that has sometimes led it to trouble. Areas of Conflict The political situation in Beirut is tense and travellers should stay informed of consular advice regarding ongoing happenings in the city. The southern border with Israel, Palestinian camps and the northern Beka'a valley should be avoided. Permission from the army is required to visit areas such as Beaufort Castle and Al-Khiam Museum. The rule of thumb is to research before you venture off. Land mines placed at the occupied zone during the 20-year-plus Israeli occupation still litter the area. The landmark warning sign is a rusty-red upside-down triangle with 'Al-Ghram' written in Arabic script. Do not assume all landmines have been marked, let alone found. Hikers should consult locals on the safety of off-road areas and avoid straying from well-used roads.

2. How It All Began - A Concise History Of Lebanon Reproduced by kind permission of the author. How it all began A concise history of Lebanon. To create a country is one thing; http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

3. Lebanon - Al Mashriq KamalSalibi, How it all began - A concise history of Lebanon http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

4. History Of Lebanon Lebanon's history from independence can be defined largely in terms of its presidents, each of whom shaped Lebanon by a personal brand of http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. History Of Lebanon The history of Lebanon form antiquity to modern times. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

6. Lebanon History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, C lebanon history Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, http://workmall.com/wfb2001/lebanon/lebanon_history_index.html

Country Ranks Introduction History Geography People Government Gov. Leaders ... [TOP] Lebanon History Index http://workmall.com/wfb2001/lebanon/lebanon_history_index.html Source: The Library of Congress Country Studies History Introduction Historical Setting ANCIENT TIMES The Phoenicians ... The Sarkis Administration, 1976-82 NOTE: The information regarding Lebanon on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Lebanon History information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Lebanon History should be addressed to the Library of Congress. Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - http://workmall.com/wfb2001/lebanon/lebanon_history_index.html Revised 04-Jul-02 Photius Coutsoukis

7. Lebanon's History Lebanon's History Lebanon is the historical home of the Phoenicians, Semitic traders whose maritime culture flourished there for more than 2 000 http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. Lebanon History & Lebanon Culture | IExplore The Lebanon, over the course of history, provided an inaccessible haven for tribes and religious groups escaping from repression and persecution in other http://www.iexplore.com/dmap/Lebanon/History

FORBES' #1 ADVENTURE TRAVEL SITE 5 YEARS IN A ROW TIME MAGAZINE TOP 50 Keyword Search: Home Trip Finder Travel Guides Community ... My iExplore advertisement Home Travel Guides Middle East Lebanon History E-mail this page Lebanon Travel Guide View Trips to Lebanon Browse Lebanon Photos Read Lebanon Journals Lebanon Questions and Answers Find a Lebanon Travel Buddy Middle East Overview Overview Tours Where to Go Activities ... Shopping Lebanon History Sponsored Listings Add your listing adsonar_pid=3019;adsonar_ps=370666;adsonar_zw=540;adsonar_zh=220;adsonar_jv='ads.adsonar.com'; The 1996 elections returned Hariri to continue as premier and the ex-Amal guerrilla leader, Nabih Berri, as speaker of the assembly. The original division of responsibilities between president and premier, which saw President Hrawi take charge of foreign policy while Prime Minister Rafik Hariri looked after the reconstruction program, was also confirmed. That division has remained ever since and much of the country, and Beirut in particular, has recovered to something near its pre-war condition. Hariri relinquished his job in 1998 and, at the same time, Hrawi was replaced by Jamil Lahad as president. However, Hariri, now a dominant figure in Lebanese politics, was reinstated in 2000 following the most recent general election which saw 17 parties share the 128 national assembly seats. In April 2003 the government was dissolved after heavy Syrian pressure behind the scenes, and reconstituted with Hariri remaining as Prime Minister but without any significant Christian participation.

9. World History Archives History Of Lebanon World History Archives History of Lebanon http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. Lebanon: History 2. Economy 3. Health Education 4. Religions Peoples 5. History. It is assumed that the region of Lebanon has been inhabited for more than 200000 years. http://i-cias.com/e.o/lebanon_5.htm

Click to open Encyclopaedia of the Orient on its front page Lebanon: History CONTENT INTRODUCTION Political situation Economy History It is assumed that the region of Lebanon has been inhabited for more than 200,000 years. Around 3000- 2500 BCE: First traces of settlements of the Phoenicians . Whether these immigrated, or were the native population of the Lebanese coast, is not all too clear. The Phoenicians were traders, involved in international trade between the Middle Eastern hinterland, and countries around the Mediterranean. They were also transmitters of culture, new inventions, alphabet, money and more. These were often believed to have been the product of the Phoenician culture, but in many cases they had their origin in Babylonia . The Phoenicians did not establish larger kingdoms, but limited their states to single cities that accepted compromises with stronger neighbours, and paying for peace and freedom so that they had freedom to trade. Around 2000 BCE: Invasion by the Amorites, coming from the east. Around 1800 BCE: City states of Phoenicia become vassals under Egypt Around 1100 BCE: Egypt loses its control over Phoenicia, and independence is regained. Tyre grows into becoming the strongest of the city states, casting shadows over rival city Sidon.

11. Cedarland - The Lebanon Site Ancient and modern history of Lebanon. Geography, demography, economy, government of Lebanon. The Phoenicians. Maronites and Lebanon. Lebanese civil http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. Lebanon History RECENT ECONOMIC HISTORY Civil War and Partial Recovery, 197482 Operation Litani Operations of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon http://www.countryreports.org/history/lebahist.htm

History of Lebanon This page has changed if you are not redirected click here

13. The-lebanon.com HISTORY OF LEBANON . The History of Lebanon Reconsidered by K. Salibi . A Chronology of Key Events (XXth Century) - BBC http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

14. ABC News Major Events In Lebanon's Recent History Major Events in Lebanon's Recent History http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

15. Lebanon : Location, Map, Area, Capital, Population, Religion, Language - Country Lebanon Info and Facts about the country location, population, religion, language. Republic of Lebanon, lebanon history population religion http://www.arab.de/arabinfo/lebanon.htm

Home page Arab Info Lebanon History Lebanon Government ... Links to Lebanon Lebanon : Location, Population, Religion, Membership, Currency Official Name: Republic of Lebanon Location: Lebanon is mountainous, bounded on the north and east by Syria , on the west by the Mediterranean and on the south by Israel. Between the parallel mountains ranges of Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon lies the fertile Bekka Valley. About one-half of the country lies at an altitude of over 3,000 ft. Capital: Beirut Area: Lebanon is a small country of only 10,452 sq km (4036 sq mi); from north to south it extends 217 km (135 mi) and from east to west it spans 80 km (50 mi) at its widest point. Language: Arabic is the official language. French is the second most commonly used language and English is also spoken, especially in business circles. Kurdish and Armenian are spoken by a small percentage of the population. Religion: Population: The 1997 estimated population was 3,111,828, but this figure, provided by the Lebanese government, does not include Palestinian refugees and foreign workers, mainly Syrian. Membership: Lebanon is a member of the UN and Arab League , and Organization of the Islamic Conference Currency: Lebanon Time Difference: GMT + 2 (GMT + 3 in summer) Home page Arab Info Lebanon History Lebanon Government ... Links to Lebanon Comments or suggestions? E-mail

16. Lebanon History Lonely Planet World Guide Lebanon. History. Lebanon was the biblical 'land of milk and honey', and conquerors have always been attracted to its abundant natural resources http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

17. Lebanon History lebanon history, civilization, historical timeline and recent past. http://www.lebweb.com/dir/lebanon-history

Lebanon history, civilization, historical timeline and recent past. Home Help Lebanon Internet Guide Main Directory News Help September 23, 2005 Lebanon Search All The Web Advanced Home Directory Lebanon ... History Lebanon History Tell a Friend Add to Category Suggest a Site Hot Sites New Sites Most Visited Sites Featured Sites Arabic Translator AlWadi Domain Names World Languages ... more... Tell a Friend Set as your Home Search on your Site Contact Us Category Matches (1 - 5 of 5) Archaeology (Science and Environment) Country Guides (Reference) Culture (Society and Culture) Museums (Arts) Politics (Government) Site Matches (1 - 20 of 37) Sort : Smart Rank - Alphabetical New Category in: Lebanon Pan Arab BBC Timelines - Lebanon A chronology of major political and historical events in Lebanon. Domain: news.bbc.co.uk History of the Druze in America Historical presentation of the Tawhid of Druze faith and community in the United States. A project of the American Druze Society (ADS). Domain: www.druze.com Cedarland - The Maronites and Lebanon A complete history of the Maronites, their struggle for survival under occupation and their creation of a free and independent Lebanon, including a full and detailed account of the massacres of 1860. Domain: www.cedarland.org

18. Lebanon Atlas - Culture & History: Lebanon Culture, Lebanon History Lebanon Culture, Culture in Lebanon, Cultural Sites, lebanon history, History of Lebanon, Historical Sites, Tourism in Lebanon, Lebanon Touristic Sites, http://www.lebanonatlas.com/cult_history.htm

Search Name Category Go Tourism - Lebanon at a Glance Painters, sculptors, and performers and producers in theater, film, and television have recently distinguished themselves. Lebanon’s coastal plain is divided into several isolated sections by gorges, which are cut by streams that pour down the mountains in winter and spring. In ancient times, north-south movement along the plain was nearly impossible. Villages developed on larger sections of the plain, and those with good harbors and better agricultural areas evolved into the city-states of Phoenicia. These cities then used the Mediterranean Sea to communicate and trade with one another and beyond the coastal plain. Due to geographical and other barriers, however, Phoenicia never unified politically.

19. Lebanon Atlas - Museums In Lebanon: Lebanon Museums, Museums Map, Lebanon Histor Museums in Lebanon, Lebanon Museums, lebanon history, Museums Map, Baalbeck Museum, Beiteddine Museum, Cilicia Museum, Gibran Museum, National Museum, http://www.lebanonatlas.com/museums/index.asp

Search Name Category Go Museums in Lebanon Ameen Rehani Museum AUB Museum Baalbeck Museum Beiteddine Museum Cilicia Museum Gibran Museum Haikel Fossils Museum Marie Baz Wax Museum Michel Abou Jaoudeh Museum National Museum Planet Discovery Prehistory Museum Sursock Museum Wax Museum Reset Map Advertise with Us Contact Us About Us ... Search Tel: 961 1 350 349 Fax: 961 1 345 549 email: info@LebanonAtlas.com Designed by Webserv 2002

20. Profile Of Lebanon: History At different periods of its history, Lebanon has come under the domination Its proximity to the sea has ensured that throughout its history Lebanon has http://www.lebanonembassyus.org/country_lebanon/history.html

Table of Contents Overview The National Anthem Statistical Data The Economy ... Kids Only History Lebanon has a heritage almost as old as the earliest evidence of mankind. Its geographic position as a crossroads linking the Mediterranean Basin with the great Asian hinterland has conferred on it a cosmopolitan character and a multicultural legacy. Lebanon has an Arab culture colored by Western influences. At different periods of its history, Lebanon has come under the domination of foreign rulers, including Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, Romans, and Ottomans. Although often conquered, the Lebanese take pride in their rebellions against despotic and repressive rulers. Moreover, despite foreign domination, Lebanon's mountainous terrain has provided it with a certain protective isolation, enabling it to survive with an identity all its own. Its proximity to the sea has ensured that throughout its history Lebanon has held an important position as a trading center. This tradition of commerce began with the Phoenicians and continued through many centuries, remaining almost unaffected by foreign rule and the worst periods of internal strife. The many civilizations have left their traces and markings in numerous cities: Aanjar Baalbek Beirut Beiteddine ... Zahle Aanjar Baalbek The Baalbeck temples were officially closed in 313 A.D., when Byzantine Emperor Constantine officially closed them. Since then these monuments have gone through many transformations, falling under Arab domination, and the Omayyad, Abbasid, Toulounid, Fatimid and Ayyoubid dynasties. It was sacked by the Mongols in 1260, but later has enjoyed a period of calm and prosperity.

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