41. WorldTravelGate.net® - Travel To Kyrgyzstan, Asia. WorldTravelGate.net® Cities of kyrgyzstan,Asia,with their history, culture and photo gallery. Complete Travel Information. http://www.asiatravelling.net/kyrgyzstan.htm

ADVERTISING INFORMATION Welcome to the Cities of Kyrgyzstan Bishkek Karakol Back to Asia aSIA travelling.net POWERED BY wORLDTRAVELGATE.NET Back to WTG Kyrgyzstan,Asia,Asien, ,kyrgyzstan, kyrgyzstan travel agencies, kyrgyzstan tour operators, kyrgyzstan lodgings,asien, kyrgyzstan inbound, kyrgyzstan outbound, kyrgyzstan car rentals, kyrgyzstan accommodation , kyrgyzstan hotels, kyrgyzstan motels , advertising,banner adds,web design,kyrgyzstan luxury hotels,luxurious, kyrgyzstan villas,kyrgyzstan apartments,kyrgyzstan studios,kyrgyzstan cottages, kyrgyzstan yachting agencies , kyrgyzstan travel, kyrgyzstan sightseeing, kyrgyzstan, kyrgyzstan travel agencies,kyrgyzstan history, kyrgyzstan culture, kyrgyzstan photos, kyrgyzstan congresses, kyrgyzstan incentives, kyrgyzstan vacation rentals, kyrgyzstan vacation, kyrgyzstan sky scrapers,kyrgyzstan conventions, asien kyrgyzstan real eastates, kyrgyzstan desert, travel and rentals kyrgyzstan, entertainment kyrgyzstan, kyrgyzstan entertainment,kyrgyzstan golf games, kyrgyzstan rent a car, kyrgyzstan carhire, kyrgyzstan stock market,asien,kyrgyzstan wall street, kyrgyzstan travel guides, kyrgyzstan travel guide, kyrgyzstan regions, kyrgyzstan souvenirs,conventions kyrgyzstan,ticketing kyrgyzstan, travel to kyrgyzstan , kyrgyzstan football, kyrgyzstan baseball games, kyrgyzstan sports, kyrgyzstan last minute flights ,kyrgyzstan holidays, holidays in kyrgyzstan , asia, kyrgyzstanns,kyrgyzstan moto rentals, kyrgyzstan aviation, kyrgyzstan airlines, kyrgyzstan shipping, business, commercial businesses, commercial centers, kyrgyzstan malls,kyrgyzstan restaurants, kyrgyzstan fast foods

42. Travel In Bishkek - Kyrgyzstan - Asia - Culture - WorldTravelGate.net®- WorldTravelGate.net®Information about travel in Bishkek,kyrgyzstan,Asia,Accommodation,Hotels,Restaurants,Car Rentals,Travel Agencies.! http://www.asiatravelling.net/kyrgyzstan/bishkek/bishkek_culture.htm

Bishkek - Culture Osh Market Bishkek is the industrial centre as well as the capital of Kyrgyzstan, and the only town in the world named after a wooden plunger - a bishkek is a churn used to make fermented mare's milk. It's a relaxed city of wide streets and handsome houses, though it's wise to be wary of walking around backstreets late at night. The city likes to boast that it has more trees per person than any other Central Asian city - which may be true - but when the wind is blowing in the wrong direction, smog from the industrial plants on the city's outskirts can still eat your throat away. The city's history dates only as far back as 1825, so don't come here looking for architectural splendours or traces of the past - very little predates WWII. Travellers use Bishkek mainly as a jumping-off point for the Tian Shan mountains and Lake Issyk-Kul, and for the overland crossing into China via the Torugart Pass. The 4800m (15,744ft) permanently snowcapped ramparts of the Kyrgyz Alatau range loom over the city, beckoning travellers to move on and explore - who could resist? Click To Go Back

43. About Imagination Celebration - Kyrgyzstan kyrgyzstan Nomadic culture In The Modern World Students will identify the relationship between kyrgyzstan s culture and our American culture. http://www.imaginationcelebration.org/curriculum/kyrgyzstan.html

Privacy Policy Terms of Use Contact Us Feedback Curriculum Need an art project, writing assignment or lesson plan? We have the answer from local teachers and artists! Visit our Sponsors: Kyrgyzstan Teacher Educational Material Compiled by: Hermine Dreyfuss, Mary Helsaple, Sharon Gibson, Judy Gebben and Barbara Diamond Photos by Hermine Dreyfuss The Kyrgyzstan Exhibit was on display at the Penrose Public Library April 6 through October 31, 1997 Legend has it that when God was giving out land to the peoples of the earth, the Kyrgyz, who like to eat and sleep as much as anything, were doing just that and missed their assignment. They went to God and asked if they too might have some land for their people, and God replied that he had none left. "But," he said, "since you are a kind and hard-working people, I will give you a small, but beautiful parcel of land I was saving for my dacha (a traditional holiday home in the countryside)." Now take a walk in God's Dacha through the eyes of the children of Kyrgyzstan as expressed in their art; through photographs of the everyday life of the country; and through the beautiful needlework, leatherwork, musical traditions and other products from the gifted hands of the Kyrgyz people.

44. Swissinfo: Theatre Struggles For Survival In Kyrgyzstan With kyrgyzstan’s government devoting little energy to preserving its cultural “These days young people are turning to the worst of western culture for http://www.swissinfo.org/sen/swissinfo.html?siteSect=2156&sid=4596389&cKey=10732

45. CENTRAL ASIA COMMERCE > Kyrgyzstan > Culture CAC kyrgyzstan culture. culture. Svetlana s Marriage Agency of kyrgyzstan matchmaking agency with Russian and Asian ladies; each woman has a photo http://www.centralasiacommerce.com/kyrgyz/kycult.htm

CAC Kyrgyzstan Culture Svetlana's Marriage Agency of Kyrgyzstan - matchmaking agency with Russian and Asian ladies; each woman has a photo along with her personal information Suggest a site Develop a Web Site

46. People And Culture (from Kyrgyzstan) Britannica Student People and culture (from kyrgyzstan) During the Soviet period, the population of kyrgyzstan became increasingly urbanized. By the end of the 20th century, http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article?tocId=229753&ct=

47. Culture (from Kyrgyzstan) --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia culture (from kyrgyzstan) The Kyrgyz people enjoy a rich cultural life with many traditions. One of the strongest is the oral literary tradition, http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-229755

Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in This Article's Table of Contents Introduction Land and Climate Plants and Animals People and Culture ... Ethnicity, Language, and Religion Culture Education and Social Welfare Major Cities Economy Agriculture and Forestry ... Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products Kyrgyzstan Student Encyclopedia Article Page 6 of 16 The Kyrgyz people enjoy a rich cultural life with many traditions. One of the strongest is the oral literary tradition, which includes epic and lyric poetry. The saga of Manas Kyrgyzstan... (75 of 3493 words) var mm = [["Jan.","January"],["Feb.","February"],["Mar.","March"],["Apr.","April"],["May","May"],["June","June"],["July","July"],["Aug.","August"],["Sept.","September"],["Oct.","October"],["Nov.","November"],["Dec.","December"]];

48. Kyrgyzstan Contemporary Culture In the Sovietdirected propagation of all-union culture, Kyrgyz actors, in postcommunist kyrgyzstan is the fate of the open-air sculpture museum in http://www.country-studies.com/kyrgyzstan/contemporary-culture.html

Contemporary Culture As the capital of a Soviet republic, Bishkek (which until 1990 had been named Frunze after the Soviet general who led the military conquest of the Basmachi rebels in the mid-1920s) was endowed with the standard cultural facilities, including an opera, ballet, several theater companies, and an orchestra, as well as a Lenin museum, national art and craft museums, and an open-air sculpture museum. Since independence, funding for those institutions has decreased dramatically, and the cultural facilities have also been hard hit by the departure of local Russians. It also is unclear whether younger Kyrgyz will continue their parents' substantial interest in classical music, which in the Soviet era led several generations to support the national orchestra. In the Soviet-directed propagation of "all-union culture," Kyrgyz actors, directors, and dancers achieved fame throughout the Soviet Union. Chingiz Aitmatov, the republic's most prominent writer, became one of the best-known and most independent artists in the Soviet Union in the 1980s. The Kyrgyz film industry, which had been very productive while supported by Soviet government funds, essentially vanished after 1991. Film projects that survive, such as a large-scale production on the life of Chinggis Khan directed by noted Kyrgyz director T. Okeyev, do so through foreign financing (an Italian film company has supported production of the Okeyev film).

49. STA Travel And ISIC Travelmax - Destinations: Kyrgyzstan Getting Around culture Images Map. What s On in kyrgyzstan The earliest notable residents of what is now kyrgyzstan were warrior tribes of http://travelmax.statravel.co.uk/sisp/?fx=destination&loc_id=150218§ion=cult

50. AllRefer.com - Kyrgyzstan - Contemporary Culture In Kyrgyzstan | Kyrgyzstani Inf allRefer Reference provides detailed information on this topic. Browse through this article and follow related links for complete research. http://reference.allrefer.com/country-guide-study/kyrgyzstan/kyrgyzstan22.html

You are here allRefer Reference Kyrgyzstan History ... Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan Contemporary Culture As the capital of a Soviet republic, Bishkek (which until 1990 had been named Frunze after the Soviet general who led the military conquest of the Basmachi rebels in the mid-1920s) was endowed with the standard cultural facilities, including an opera, ballet, several theater companies, and an orchestra, as well as a Lenin museum, national art and craft museums, and an open-air sculpture museum. Since independence, funding for those institutions has decreased dramatically, and the cultural facilities have also been hard hit by the departure of local Russians. It also is unclear whether younger Kyrgyz will continue their parents' substantial interest in classical music, which in the Soviet era led several generations to support the national orchestra. In the Soviet-directed propagation of "all-union culture," Kyrgyz actors, directors, and dancers achieved fame throughout the Soviet Union. Chingiz Aitmatov, the republic's most prominent writer, became one of the best-known and most independent artists in the Soviet Union in the 1980s. The Kyrgyz film industry, which had been very productive while supported by Soviet government funds, essentially vanished after 1991. Film projects that survive, such as a large-scale production on the life of Chinggis Khan directed by noted Kyrgyz director T. Okeyev, do so through foreign financing (an Italian film company has supported production of the Okeyev film).

51. AllRefer.com - Kyrgyzstan - Society And Culture Of Kyrgyzstan - Language | Kyrgy allRefer Reference provides detailed information on this topic. Browse through this article and follow related links for complete research. http://reference.allrefer.com/country-guide-study/kyrgyzstan/kyrgyzstan19.html

You are here allRefer Reference Kyrgyzstan History ... Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan Society and Culture The ethnic identity of the Kyrgyz has been strongly linked to their language and to ethnic traditions, both of which have been guarded with particular zeal once independence provided an opportunity to make national policy on these matters. Less formally, the Kyrgyz people have maintained with unusual single-mindedness many elements of social structure and a sense of their common past. The name Kyrgyz derives from the Turkic kyrk plus yz , a combination meaning "forty clans." Language In the period after A.D. 840, the Kyrgyz joined other Turkic groups in an overall Turkification pattern extending across the Tian Shan into the Tarim River basin, east of present-day Kyrgyzstan's border with China. In this process, which lasted for more than two centuries, the Kyrgyz tribes became mixed with other tribes, thoroughly absorbing Turkic cultural and linguistic characteristics. The forebears of the present-day Kyrgyz are believed to have been either southern Samoyed or Yeniseyan tribes. Those tribes came into contact with Turkic culture after they conquered the Uygurs and settled the Orkhon area, site of the oldest recorded Turkic language, in the ninth century (see Early History, this ch.). If descended from the Samoyed tribes of Siberia, the Kyrgyz would have spoken a language in the Uralic linguistic subfamily when they arrived in Orkhon; if descended from Yeniseyan tribes, they would have descended from a people of the same name who began to move into the area of present-day Kyrgyzstan from the Yenisey River region of central Siberia in the tenth century, after the Kyrgyz conquest of the Uygurs to the east in the preceding century. Ethnographers dispute the Yeniseyan origin, however, because of the very close cultural and linguistic connections between the Kyrgyz and the Kazaks (see Early Tribal Movement; Ethnic Groups, ch. 1).

52. Kyrgyz Republic (formerly Kyrgyzstan): Geography, Maps And Information kyrgyzstan A simple political map, comprehensive data, and flag from the CIA World From the About.com Russian culture site, a plethora of resources. http://geography.about.com/library/maps/blkyrgyzstan.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Geography Homework Help ... Help w(' ');zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Geography newsletter! See Online Courses Search Geography Kyrgyz Republic (formerly Kyrgyzstan) Maps Geography and Data Maps Kyrgyzstan A simple political map, comprehensive data, and flag from the CIA World Factbook. Blank Outline Map of Kyrgyz Republic A free blank outline map to print out for educational, school, or classroom use. Merriam-Webster Map of Kyrgyzstan A fantastic clear and detailed map along with basic geographic facts from Merriam-Webster. The map includes many cities and major physical features. Map of Kyrgyzstan A large (250 K) shaded relief map from the PCL Map Collection. Geography and Data Kygyzstan Great data and historical information from Infoplease.com. Kygyzstan From the About.com Russian Culture site, a plethora of resources. Kyrgyzstan - A Country Study Comprehensive book-length information from the Library of Congress.

53. Regional: Asia: Kyrgyzstan: Society And Culture - Open Site Regional Asia kyrgyzstan Society and culture Open Site. http://open-site.org/Regional/Asia/Kyrgyzstan/Society_and_Culture/

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project home submit content become an editor the entire directory only in Kyrgyzstan/Society_and_Culture Top Regional Asia Kyrgyzstan : Society and Culture History Religion Epic"Manas" The epic hero Manas is a folk hero personifying the power, freedom and unity of the Kyrgyz people. Legends about Manas have been passed orally from one generation to another for many centuries and they have been formed into the epos, which contains more than 500.000 lines of poetry. It is the longest epic poem in the world. Real life events of the Kyrgyz people were reflected in the epos and it has been preserved and recited by the storytellers, known as manaschy, who are greatly respected by the ordinary people Traditions and Customs Wedding customs are the most interesting - especially the tradition of kidnapping the Bride. It has been a tradition from time immemorial that a man may kidnap a young woman he loves. His friends and relatives help him in this. Usually the man plans the day of the kidnapping beforehand. Relatives gather at his home and lay tables and cook a festive dinner. A room is set aside in the house and one corner is curtained-off (koshego). When the woman is brought to the house her head is covered by a kerchief - the sign of virginity, and she is placed behind the curtain. This custom is still observed in Kyrgyzstan today. The marriage rite is followed by the "Otko Kirgizish" - initiation into the family hearth. Relatives invite the young couple to the hearth and the young wife is considered an equal member of the new family only when she puts grease in the pot.

54. Regional: Asia: Kyrgyzstan: Society And Culture: Religion - Open Site Regional Asia kyrgyzstan Society and culture Religion Open Site. http://open-site.org/Regional/Asia/Kyrgyzstan/Society_and_Culture/Religion/

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project home submit content become an editor the entire directory only in Society_and_Culture/Religion Top Regional Asia Kyrgyzstan ... Society and Culture : Religion Introduction According to the Constitution, the Kyrgyz Republic is a secular state - there is no state religion. Religious political parties are banned. However, religious institutions do have to be registered. Most of the Kyrgyz would claim to be Muslim - although ?§ their religion sits lightly on their shoulders? Ё - especially in the North. This may be because, as nomads, some of the traditions were more difficult to introduce and maintain than in settled communities - or simply a symptom of the ?§ easy going? Ёnature of the people. In the South of the country where there are more Uzbeks, religion is a stronger influence and visitors should be sensitive to local sensibilities - especially when visiting certain sites, or in the month of Ramadan, or when consuming alcohol. In deference to religious sensibilities, the government have incorporated a number of religios holidays into the official calendar: Nooruz - New Year - which is always celebrated on March 21st Orozo Ait and Kurman Ait which mark the beginning and end of Ramadan and as such are moveable feasts Orthodox Christmas - January 6th. (Remember - it is a predominantly Muslim country!)

55. The Rampa Fund Promoting Culture In Kyrgyzstan The Rampa Fund Promoting culture in kyrgyzstan. by Alexander Balbekin. Social life in kyrgyzstan today is very difficult. There is much poverty, apathy, http://tilz.tearfund.org/Publications/Footsteps 51-60/Footsteps 58/The Rampa Fun

23 September 2005 Home Topics Publications Fran§ais ... Other languages The Rampa Fund: Promoting culture in Kyrgyzstan by Alexander Balbekin Social life in Kyrgyzstan today is very difficult. There is much poverty, apathy, despair and lack of trust, and little cultural activity. Against this difficult background, the Rampa Fund seeks to encourage people and bring an appreciation of the varied culture of Kyrgyzstan. We provide an interactive street theatre programme to poor people living in remote places. We use the Kyrgyz language and our national instruments – the komuz and temir komuz – and include national ceremonies and dances in our performances. As our performers are professional musicians and artists, they attract much attention in bleak village landscapes! We perform stories from the Bible – such as David and Goliath, and Jonah – and use an inflatable stage. Trampolines in the street have been accepted with delight in poor residential areas! People’s trust in us has grown with our reputation. In addition to sharing Bible stories and cultural performances, more recently we have begun to use our programmes to challenge attitudes in society. We use interactive methods of theatre to educate people about their democratic rights and freedom and the need to reduce poverty. We use theatre to encourage audience participation on topics such as alcoholism, family and ethnic conflicts. People have become more confident and interested in developing their own culture and national traditions through contact with our plays. We use games with children and teenagers to teach them about other cultures.

56. Kyrgyzstan Society And Culture - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural kyrgyzstan Society and culture Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, http://www.photius.com/countries/kyrgyzstan/society/kyrgyzstan_society_society_a

Country Ranks INDEX for Kyrgyzstan History ... Feedback Kyrgyzstan Society and Culture http://www.photius.com/countries/kyrgyzstan/society/kyrgyzstan_society_society_and_culture.html Sources: The Library of Congress Country Studies; CIA World Factbook Back to Kyrgyzstan Society The ethnic identity of the Kyrgyz has been strongly linked to their language and to ethnic traditions, both of which have been guarded with particular zeal once independence provided an opportunity to make national policy on these matters. Less formally, the Kyrgyz people have maintained with unusual single-mindedness many elements of social structure and a sense of their common past. The name Kyrgyz derives from the Turkic kyrk plus yz , a combination meaning "forty clans." Language In the period after A.D. 840, the Kyrgyz joined other Turkic groups in an overall Turkification pattern extending across the Tian Shan into the Tarim River basin, east of present-day Kyrgyzstan's border with China. In this process, which lasted for more than two centuries, the Kyrgyz tribes became mixed with other tribes, thoroughly absorbing Turkic cultural and linguistic characteristics. The forebears of the present-day Kyrgyz are believed to have been either southern Samoyed or Yeniseyan tribes. Those tribes came into contact with Turkic culture after they conquered the Uygurs and settled the Orkhon area, site of the oldest recorded Turkic language, in the ninth century (see Early History, this ch.). If descended from the Samoyed tribes of Siberia, the Kyrgyz would have spoken a language in the Uralic linguistic subfamily when they arrived in Orkhon; if descended from Yeniseyan tribes, they would have descended from a people of the same name who began to move into the area of present-day Kyrgyzstan from the Yenisey River region of central Siberia in the tenth century, after the Kyrgyz conquest of the Uygurs to the east in the preceding century. Ethnographers dispute the Yeniseyan origin, however, because of the very close cultural and linguistic connections between the Kyrgyz and the Kazaks (see Early Tribal Movement; Ethnic Groups, ch. 1).

57. Kyrgyzstan Contemporary Culture - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natura kyrgyzstan Contemporary culture Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, http://www.photius.com/countries/kyrgyzstan/society/kyrgyzstan_society_contempor

Country Ranks INDEX for Kyrgyzstan History ... Feedback Kyrgyzstan Contemporary Culture http://www.photius.com/countries/kyrgyzstan/society/kyrgyzstan_society_contemporary_culture.html Sources: The Library of Congress Country Studies; CIA World Factbook Back to Kyrgyzstan Society As the capital of a Soviet republic, Bishkek (which until 1990 had been named Frunze after the Soviet general who led the military conquest of the Basmachi rebels in the mid-1920s) was endowed with the standard cultural facilities, including an opera, ballet, several theater companies, and an orchestra, as well as a Lenin museum, national art and craft museums, and an open-air sculpture museum. Since independence, funding for those institutions has decreased dramatically, and the cultural facilities have also been hard hit by the departure of local Russians. It also is unclear whether younger Kyrgyz will continue their parents' substantial interest in classical music, which in the Soviet era led several generations to support the national orchestra. In the Soviet-directed propagation of "all-union culture," Kyrgyz actors, directors, and dancers achieved fame throughout the Soviet Union. Chingiz Aitmatov, the republic's most prominent writer, became one of the best-known and most independent artists in the Soviet Union in the 1980s. The Kyrgyz film industry, which had been very productive while supported by Soviet government funds, essentially vanished after 1991. Film projects that survive, such as a large-scale production on the life of Chinggis Khan directed by noted Kyrgyz director T. Okeyev, do so through foreign financing (an Italian film company has supported production of the Okeyev film).

58. Peace Corps | World Wise Schools | Lesson Plans | Teacher Guides | Kyrgyzstan Destination kyrgyzstan offers a close view of a newly independent nation. their students understanding of the geography and culture of kyrgyzstan. http://www.peacecorps.gov/wws/guides/kyrgyzstan/

Destination: Kyrgyzstan Part 1 Information for Teachers Part 2 Activities: Grades 3 - 5 Part 3 Activities: Grades 6 - 9 Part 4 Activities: Grades 10 - 12 ... Kyrgyzstan Guide Parts 1 and 2 This option is made available so the first half of the guide can be printed from the browser or saved as text. External links are not functional. (99 KB) Kyrgyzstan Guide Parts 3 and 4 and Resources This option is made available so the first half of the guide can be printed from the browser or saved as text. External links are not functional. (176 KB) "Destination: Kyrgyzstan" offers a close view of a newly independent nation. The teaching materials, together with the accompanying video, will help students learn about the history and culture of this nation. These teaching materials will help students understand the influence of physical geography on culture, and will focus on the diversity found even in a relatively small country such as Kyrgyzstan. The activities in the guide have been grouped into three academic levels: grades 3-5, grades 6-9, and grades 10-12. The six basic themes of geography serve as the fundamental organizing structure of the units. The themes and the national geography standards based on each are found on pages 5-6 of this guide. Each activity is coded by number to the standards to which it best relates. Each lesson in this study guide includes the following sections: Geography Standards lists the specific standard that is addressed by the activity.

59. Bits Of Culture - Kyrgyzstan BITS OF culture kyrgyzstan. Languages. Map. Cultural Values. Main Religion Death Concepts/Rituals. Health Care Values. Diet. Interesting Facts http://www.massgeneral.org/interpreters/b_kyrg.asp

BITS OF CULTURE - Kyrgyzstan Languages Map Cultural Values Health Care Values ... Interesting Facts Languages Official language: Russian Other languages: Kyrgyz Map Cultural Values Health Care Values Diet Interesting Facts

60. Kyrgyzstan - Contemporary Culture kyrgyzstan Table of Contents. As the capital of a Soviet republic, In the Sovietdirected propagation of all-union culture, Kyrgyz actors, directors, http://countrystudies.us/kyrgyzstan/12.htm

Contemporary Culture Kyrgyzstan Table of Contents As the capital of a Soviet republic, Bishkek (which until 1990 had been named Frunze after the Soviet general who led the military conquest of the Basmachi rebels in the mid-1920s) was endowed with the standard cultural facilities, including an opera, ballet, several theater companies, and an orchestra, as well as a Lenin museum, national art and craft museums, and an open-air sculpture museum. Since independence, funding for those institutions has decreased dramatically, and the cultural facilities have also been hard hit by the departure of local Russians. It also is unclear whether younger Kyrgyz will continue their parents' substantial interest in classical music, which in the Soviet era led several generations to support the national orchestra. In the Soviet-directed propagation of "all-union culture," Kyrgyz actors, directors, and dancers achieved fame throughout the Soviet Union. Chingiz Aitmatov, the republic's most prominent writer, became one of the best-known and most independent artists in the Soviet Union in the 1980s. The Kyrgyz film industry, which had been very productive while supported by Soviet government funds, essentially vanished after 1991. Film projects that survive, such as a large-scale production on the life of Chinggis Khan directed by noted Kyrgyz director T. Okeyev, do so through foreign financing (an Italian film company has supported production of the Okeyev film).

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